| [rumen fistula operation in a sitatunga antelope (tragelaphus spekei gratus)]. | it is reported on a fistula of the rumen in a sitatunga caused by the butt of a horn. surgical removal was successful. | 1991 | 2015027 |
| outbreaks of rinderpest in wild and domestic animals in nigeria. | rinderpest, although eradicated from nigeria in 1974 after the jp15 campaign, was reintroduced into sokoto state in 1980 and again into borno state in 1983. the latter outbreak spread rapidly throughout nigeria and severely reduced the cattle population. an estimated one million cattle were lost. an outbreak occurred at the maiduguri zoo, in borno state, in january 1983 and killed 15 elands and six sitatungas. in march 1983, rinderpest appeared in yankari game reserve in adjoining bauchi state a ... | 1990 | 2343518 |
| heartwater infection (cowdriosis) in a sitatunga (tragelaphus spekei) in nigeria. | cowdria ruminantium was isolated from a natural infection of heartwater in a captive sitatunga (tragelaphus spekei) which died after a short illness in jos zoo, nigeria. the isolate killed laboratory mice in a shorter period of time than did isolates of c. ruminantium recovered from natural cases in cattle. this is the first confirmed case of heartwater in a captive wild ruminant in nigeria, where the disease is endemic. | 1987 | 3586198 |
| perinatal mortality and season of birth in captive wild ungulates. | the magnitude of perinatal mortality in 50 species of captive wild ungulates born at the zoological society of london's collections at regent's park and whipsnade between 1975 and 1985 is reviewed. thirty-five per cent of 2471 ungulates born during this 11 year period died before six months old and most deaths occurred in the first week after birth. similar findings have been reported at other zoos and in the wild. the seasonal distribution of births is described in 43 species. significantly hig ... | 1987 | 3590601 |
| fatal heartwater in a captive sitatunga. | | 1986 | 3739182 |
| disease patterns in the detroit zoo: a study of the mammalian population from 1973 through 1983. | a retrospective study was conducted to evaluate disease patterns in the mammals at the detroit zoo from 1973 through 1983. the reindeer (rangifer tarandus), common eland (taurotragus oryx), rednecked wallaby (protemnodon rufogrisea), sitatunga (tragelaphus spekii), and kangaroo (macropus spp)- were the most frequently affected mammalian species. parasitic agents (80% of which were internal parasites) caused morbidity in 60.2% of the mammals evaluated (n = 2,475) and microbial agents caused morbi ... | 1985 | 3878354 |
| chromosome studies of a fertile mammalian hybrid: the offspring of the cross bongo x sitatunga (bovoidea). | | 1973 | 4691550 |
| some helminths of bushbuck, waterbuck and sitatunga in busoga district, uganda. | | 1971 | 5150322 |
| unusually large sex chromosomes in the sitatunga (tragelaphus spekei) and the blackbuck (antilope cervicapra). | | 1968 | 5658170 |
| fasciola tragelaphi sp.nov. from the sitatunga, tragelaphus spekei rothschild, with a note onthe prepharyngeal pouch in the genus fasciola l. | | 1966 | 5968800 |
| detection and control of rotavirus infections in zoo animals. | fecal specimens from 15 exotic animal species, with and without diarrhea, were examined for the presence of rotavirus, bacterial enteropathogens, and intestinal parasites. a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect antigens of rotavirus. rotavirus was detected in the feces of 20 (57%) of 35 of the animals, which included addax (addax nasomaculatus), nyala (tragelaphus angasi), saiga (saiga tatarica), white-tailed gnu (connochaetus gnou), greater kudu (tragelaphus strepsice ... | 1983 | 6315660 |
| rhipicephalus aquatilis sp. nov. (acari: ixodidae), a new tick species parasitic mainly on the sitatunga, tragelaphus spekei, in east and central africa. | this tick, originally referred to as rhipicephalus species iii by yeoman & walker (1967), was first collected from a sitatunga, tragelaphus spekei, and then occasionally from cattle, in tanzania. further collections, mostly from sitatunga, have since been seen from uganda and zambia. descriptions of the adults of this species are given, together with information on their hosts and their distribution. | 1993 | 7970576 |
| corticosteroid-binding globulin in serum of western sitatunga (tragelaphus spekii). | | 1994 | 7976039 |
| anti-trypanosoma brucei activity of nonprimate zoo sera. | constitutive anti-trypanosoma brucei subsp. brucei s 427 clone 1 and 22 activities were evaluated in sera from 22 species of nonprimate mammals. the sera fell into 5 categories. sera from cape buffalo, giraffe, and greater kudu showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of replication of the 2 clones of organisms, which was dependent on the presence of xanthine oxidase. sera from warthog and springbok also severely limited trypanosome replication but lacked xanthine oxidase. their antitrypanoso ... | 1999 | 10207362 |
| lingual calcinosis circumscripta in a captive sitatunga. | calcinosis circumscripta (cc) was found in a 10-yr-old female sitatunga (bovidae; tragelaphus spekei). at necropsy, there were two white coalescing nodules (3 x 5 x 2 cm, 2 x 2 x 1.5 cm) on the ventral side of the tongue. the cut surface of the nodules had multiple, well-circumscribed loculi with chalky appearance and gritty consistency, separated by thin strands of connective tissue. histologically, the nodules contained multiple loculi of various sizes and shapes, which consisted of amorphous ... | 2001 | 11763746 |
| gamma herpesvirus carrier status of captive artiodactyls. | between 1998 and 2000, 103 individuals of 19 species of the order artiodactyla at whipsnade wild animal park were tested for evidence of infection with gamma herpesviruses in order to distinguish between species which are susceptible to malignant catarrhal fever (mcf), caused by alcelaphine herpesvirus-1 (alhv-1) of wildebeest (connochaetes sp.) or ovine herpesvirus-2 (ovhv-2) of domestic sheep, and species which carry related viruses sub-clinically. gamma herpesvirus dna was detected in the kno ... | 2002 | 12208112 |
| evolution of major histocompatibility complex class i genes in cetartiodactyls. | previous studies of cattle mhc have suggested the presence of at least four classical class i loci. analysis of haplotypes showed that any combination of one, two or three genes may be expressed, although no gene is expressed consistently. the aim of this study was to examine the evolutionary relationships among these genes and to study their phylogenetic history in cetartiodactyl species, including cattle and their close relatives. a secondary aim was to determine whether recombination had occu ... | 2003 | 12756505 |
| a study of host preference in tsetse flies using a modified heteroduplex pcr-based method. | a study of host preference in tsetse flies using a modified heteroduplex pcr-based method is described. domestic and wild animal blood samples were collected to extract the corresponding reference dnas. in campo (south cameroon), tsetse flies (mainly glossina palpalis palpalis) were trapped and 41 bloodmeals were collected. all reference dnas and 37 bloodmeal dnas (90.7%) were successfully amplified and hybridised. twelve bloodmeals (32.4%) were of human origin, 13 (35.4%) were from sitatunga (t ... | 2004 | 15234660 |
| a 12-month survey of the gastro-intestinal helminths of antelopes, gazelles and giraffids kept at two zoos in belgium. | faecal egg count patterns and clinical signs associated with gastro-intestinal (gi) nematodes of 107 zoo ruminants were monitored at fortnightly intervals for 1 year. the ruminants in this study were kept under different husbandry conditions at two sites of the royal zoological society of antwerp, the antwerp zoo and the animal park planckendael. artiodactylids involved were arabian oryx (oryx leucoryx), scimitar-horned oryx (oryx dammah), bongos (tragelaphus euryceros isaaci), sitatungas (trage ... | 2004 | 15710531 |
| seroprevalences of antibodies to neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in zoo animals. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite that causes neuromuscular disease in dogs and abortions in cattle. little is known about the prevalence of antibodies to this parasite in zoo animals. sera from 556 animals, from 13 czech and slovak zoos were tested for antibodies to n. caninum and toxoplasma gondii by indirect fluorescent antibody test. antibodies to n. caninum were found in 31 of 556 zoo animals (5.6%), representing 18 of 114 species tested: eurasian wolf (canis lupus lupus), maned ... | 2006 | 16387445 |
| impacts of roads and hunting on central african rainforest mammals. | road expansion and associated increases in bunting pressure are a rapidly growing threat to african tropical wildlife. in the rainforests of southern gabon, we compared abundances of larger (>1 kg) mammal species at varying distances from forest roads and between hunted and unhunted treatments (comparing a 130-km2 oil concession that was almost entirely protected from bunting with nearby areas outside the concession that had moderate hunting pressure). at each of 12 study sites that were evenly ... | 2006 | 16922241 |
| tsetse fly host preference from sleeping sickness foci in cameroon: epidemiological implications. | to determine the tsetse fly host preferences in two sleeping sickness foci of southern cameroon, four entomological surveys (two in each focus) were carried out. for the whole study, 4929 tsetse flies were caught: 3933 (79.8%) glossina palpalis palpalis, 626 (12.7%) glossina pallicera pallicera, 276 (5.6%) glossina nigrofusca and 94 (1.9%) glossina caliginea. one hundred and thirty-eight blood meals were collected and the origin of 118 (85.5%) meals was successfully identified: 38.4% from man, 2 ... | 2008 | 17977803 |
| phylogenomic study of spiral-horned antelope by cross-species chromosome painting. | chromosomal homologies have been established between cattle (bos taurus, 2n = 60) and eight species of spiral-horned antelope, tribe tragelaphini: nyala (tragelaphus angasii, 2n = 55male/56female), lesser kudu (t. imberbis, 2n = 38male,female), bongo (t. eurycerus, 2n = 33male/34female), bushbuck (t. scriptus, 2n = 33male/34female), greater kudu (t. strepsiceros, 2n = 31male/32female), sitatunga (t. spekei, 2n = 30male,female) derby eland (taurotragus derbianus 2n = 31male/32female) and common e ... | 2008 | 18704723 |
| identification of acute phase proteins and assays applicable in nondomesticated mammals. | the serum concentration of acute phase proteins (apps) increases dramatically in response to inflammation and tissue injury. apps are clinically useful in a range of domesticated mammals; however, knowledge is limited in nondomesticated mammals. the detective ability of two assays for each of three potential apps--serum amyloid a (saa), c-reactive protein (crp), and haptoglobin (hp)--was evaluated in eight species. for saa, a turbidimetric immunoassay (tia) demonstrated significant detective abi ... | 2009 | 19368263 |
| detection and characterization of bovine-like coronaviruses from four species of zoo ruminants. | five coronaviruses (covs) were detected in diarrheal feces from four zoo ruminant species: one wisent (bison bonasus), two himalayan tahr (hemitragus jemlahicus), one sitatunga (tragelaphus spekii), and one nyala (tragelaphus angasii). we sequenced and analyzed the spike (s) and hemagglutinin/esterase (he) genes of these viruses and compared the nucleotide (nt) and deduced amino acid (aa) sequences with those of other bovine cov (bcov) strains. comparison of the entire deduced aa sequences of th ... | 2010 | 20880639 |
| Fecal steroid evaluation to monitor reproductive status in wild ungulate females using enzyme immunoassay commercial kits. | Analysis of reproductive hormones in fecal samples is necessary for the noninvasive monitoring of reproductive status in free-ranging species. The aim of the present study was to establish an easy noninvasive method to monitor reproductive status in wild ungulate females. Feces were collected daily, weekly, or three or four times a week directly from the soil for a period ranging from 1 to 9.8 mo. Fecal estradiol and progestagens were monitored in nine wild ungulate females (Barbary sheep, Ammot ... | 2011 | 22204046 |
| morphology of the lingual papillae in the sitatunga. | we examined the dorsal lingual surfaces of an adult sitatunga (tragelaphus spekei) by scanning electron microscopy. filiform, fungiform and vallate papillae were observed. the filiform papillae consisted of a larger main papilla and smaller secondary papillae. the filiform papilla contained connective tissue core consisting of several processes. the fungiform papillae were round in shape. the connective tissue core of the fungiform papilla was flower-bud shaped. lenticular papillae were limited ... | 2011 | 21882593 |
| a tsetse and tabanid fly survey of african great apes habitats reveals the presence of a novel trypanosome lineage but the absence of trypanosoma brucei. | tsetse and tabanid flies transmit several trypanosoma species, some of which are human and livestock pathogens of major medical and socioeconomic impact in africa. recent advances in molecular techniques and phylogenetic analyses have revealed a growing diversity of previously unidentified tsetse-transmitted trypanosomes potentially pathogenic to livestock and/or other domestic animals as well as wildlife, including african great apes. to map the distribution, prevalence and co-occurrence of kno ... | 2015 | 26219672 |
| distribution of a community of mammals in relation to roads and other human disturbances in gabon, central africa. | we present the first community-level study of the associations of both roads and other human disturbances with the distribution of mammals in gabon (central africa). our study site was in an oil concession within a littoral mosaic landscape. we conducted surveys along 199 line transects and installed camera traps on 99 of these transects to document mammal presence and abundance. we used generalized linear mixed-effect models to document associations between variables related to the ecosystem (l ... | 2013 | 23410077 |
| meiotic behaviour of evolutionary sex-autosome translocations in bovidae. | the recurrent occurrence of sex-autosome translocations during mammalian evolution suggests common mechanisms enabling a precise control of meiotic synapsis, recombination and inactivation of sex chromosomes. we used immunofluorescence and fish to study the meiotic behaviour of sex chromosomes in six species of bovidae with evolutionary sex-autosome translocations (tragelaphus strepsiceros, taurotragus oryx, tragelaphus imberbis, tragelaphus spekii, gazella leptoceros and nanger dama ruficollis) ... | 2016 | 27136937 |
| hypothesis-driven and field-validated method to prioritize fragmentation mitigation efforts in road projects. | the active field of connectivity conservation has provided numerous methods to identify wildlife corridors with the aim of reducing the ecological effect of fragmentation. nevertheless, these methods often rely on untested hypotheses of animal movements, usually fail to generate fine-scale predictions of road crossing sites, and do not allow managers to prioritize crossing sites for implementing road fragmentation mitigation measures. we propose a new method that addresses these limitations. we ... | 2015 | 26591467 |
| digesta passage in nondomestic ruminants: separation mechanisms in 'moose-type' and 'cattle-type' species, and seemingly atypical browsers. | ruminants have been classified as having a 'moose-type' or 'cattle-type' digestive physiology. 'cattle-type' ruminants have a clear difference in the mean retention time (mrt) of fluid vs. small particles in the reticulorumen (rr), with a high 'selectivity factor' (sf = mrtparticle/ mrtfluid, >1.80), and are typically grazers and intermediate feeders. 'moose-type' ruminants have lower sf (<1.80), possibly because of defensive salivary proteins that constrain amounts of (high-viscosity) saliva, a ... | 2019 | 31220621 |
| chemical characterization of the milk oligosaccharides of some artiodactyla species including giraffe (giraffa camelopardalis), sitatunga (tragelaphus spekii), deer (cervus nippon yesoensis) and water buffalo (bubalus bubalis). | mammalian milk/colostrum usually contains oligosaccharides along with the predominant disaccharide lactose. it has been found that the number and identity of these milk oligosaccharides varies among mammalian species. oligosaccharides predominate over lactose in the milk/colostrum of arctoidea species (carnivora), whereas lactose predominates over milk oligosaccharides in artiodactyla including cow, sheep, goat, camel, reindeer and pig. to clarify whether heterogeneity of a variety of milk oligo ... | 2018 | 30467790 |
| parameters for identifying failure of passive transfer in sitatunga (tragelaphus spekii). | failure of passive transfer of immunity (fpt) leads to increased calf morbidity and mortality and requires intensive, time-sensitive, and often expensive management for nondomestic ruminants. without species-specific information with which to make informed decisions, neonatal data from domestic ruminants are often extrapolated to nondomestic zoo-housed species. to date, there have been no studies evaluating fpt in sitatunga (tragelaphus spekii). the goal of the present study was to establish par ... | 2020 | 32549553 |