| [immunodiffusion analysis of plasma proteins in the canine family]. | immunodiffusion studies have been made on the plasma of 9 species (vulpes vulpes, v. corsak, alopex lagopus, canis aureus, c. lupus, c. familiaris, c. dingo, nyctereutes procynoides, fennecus zerde) from the family of canidae using milk antisera. unlike rabbit antisera used earlier, milk antisera make it possible to detect more significant antigenic divergency with respect to 5 alpha- and beta-globulins. these globulins seem to have a higher evolution rate of antigenic mosaics as compared to oth ... | 1976 | 62473 |
| pneumocystis carinii infections in zoo animals. | pneumocystis carinii was found to be present in the lungs of twenty-three zoo animals in the netherlands. the following species were represented: red kangaroo, common tree shrew, senegal-galago, demidoff's-galago, brown howler monkey, woolly monkey, long-haired spider monkey, white-eared marmoset, chimpanzee, three-toed sloth, palm squirrel, red panda, fennec fox, tree hyrax and large-toothed hyrax. | 1975 | 1079994 |
| chromosomal evolution of the canidae. i. species with high diploid numbers. | the giemsa banding patterns of seven canid species, including the grey wolf (canis lupus), the maned wolf (chrysocyon brachyurus), the bush dog (speothos venaticus), the crab-eating fox (cerdocyon thous), the grey fox (urocyon cinereoargenteus), the bat-eared fox (otocyon megalotis), and the fennec (fennecus zerda), are presented and compared. relative to other members of canidae, these species have high diploid complements (2n greater than 64) consisting of largely acrocentric chromosomes. they ... | 1987 | 3568761 |
| visceral leishmaniosis in a fennec fox (fennecus zerda). | | 1970 | 4937312 |
| clinical trials with canine distemper vaccines in exotic carnivores. | two types of killed canine distemper virus (cdv) vaccine and a modified-live cdv vaccine were clinically evaluated in four species of exotic carnivores. in 16 trials in which 13 red pandas (ailurus fulgens) were given the killed vaccine, only 1 animal had a virus-neutralization titer that exceeded 1:100. a red panda given modified-live cdv vaccine deemed safe for gray foxes and ferrets died of bacterial pneumonia 16 days later. there was no pathologic evidence of canine distemper in that panda. ... | 1983 | 6358163 |
| tuberculosis in fennec foxes. | fennec foxes (fennecus zerda) in 2 zoos were found on necropsy to have lesions typical of those found in canine tuberculosis. histologic examination revealed numerous acid-fast bacilli in lesions of liver, portal lymph node, spleen, kidney, and lung. mycobacterium bovis isolated from tissues was identified by biochemical methods and by pathogenicity tests in guinea pigs and rabbits. | 1980 | 7005205 |
| control of reproduction and sex related behaviour in exotic wild carnivores with the gnrh analogue deslorelin: preliminary observations. | the gnrh analogue deslorelin, in long-acting implants, was used in an attempt to temporarily control reproduction or aggression in wild carnivores in southern africa and the usa. in the southern african study, 6 mg deslorelin was administered to cheetahs (eight females, four males), one female leopard and wild dogs (six females, one male) housed in groups, and 12 mg deslorelin was administered to two lionesses. none of the animals became pregnant after deslorelin administration apart from one wi ... | 2001 | 11787162 |
| heart failure caused by toxoplasmosis in a fennec fox (fennecus zerda). | a male fennec fox (fennecus zerda) kit was examined for lethargy, inappetence, and weight loss. clinical findings included respiratory distress, a gallop rhythm, and retinochoroiditis. radiography indicated pleural effusion and cardiomegaly. echocardiographic findings included left ventricular dilatation, low left ventricular ejection fraction, and atrioventricular valvular regurgitation. necropsy findings were compatible with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure caused by myocarditis. histop ... | 2004 | 15533972 |
| seroprevalences of antibodies to neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in zoo animals. | neospora caninum is an apicomplexan parasite that causes neuromuscular disease in dogs and abortions in cattle. little is known about the prevalence of antibodies to this parasite in zoo animals. sera from 556 animals, from 13 czech and slovak zoos were tested for antibodies to n. caninum and toxoplasma gondii by indirect fluorescent antibody test. antibodies to n. caninum were found in 31 of 556 zoo animals (5.6%), representing 18 of 114 species tested: eurasian wolf (canis lupus lupus), maned ... | 2006 | 16387445 |
| serologic responses after vaccination of fennec foxes (vulpes zerda) and meerkats (suricata suricatta) with a live, canarypox-vectored canine distemper virus vaccine. | fennec foxes (vulpes zerda) and meerkats (suricata suricatta) are considered to be susceptible to canine distemper virus (cdv) infection. although no definitive clinical cases of natural cdv infections have been reported, mortalities due to cdv have been suspected and are reported in other closely related species. a commercially available monovalent, live, canarypox-vectored cdv vaccine induced neutralizing antibody titers that were maintained for at least a year in both fennec foxes and meerkat ... | 2005 | 17323579 |
| phylogenomics of the dog and fox family (canidae, carnivora) revealed by chromosome painting. | canid species (dogs and foxes) have highly rearranged karyotypes and thus represent a challenge for conventional comparative cytogenetic studies. among them, the domestic dog is one of the best-mapped species in mammals, constituting an ideal reference genome for comparative genomic study. here we report the results of genome-wide comparative mapping of dog chromosome-specific probes onto chromosomes of the dhole, fennec fox, and gray fox, as well as the mapping of red fox chromosome-specific pr ... | 2008 | 18293108 |
| cytogenetic studies and karyotype nomenclature of three wild canid species: maned wolf (chrysocyon brachyurus), bat-eared fox (otocyon megalotis) and fennec fox (fennecus zerda). | we have analysed the chromosomes of three wild and endangered canid species: the maned wolf (chrysocyon brachyurus), the bat-eared fox (otocyon megalotis) and the fennec fox (fennecuszerda) using classical and molecular cytogenetic methods. for the first time detailed and encompassing descriptions of the chromosomes are presented including the chromosomal assignment of nucleolar organizer regions and the 5s rrna gene cluster. we propose a karyotype nomenclature with ideograms including more than ... | 2008 | 18544923 |
| pregnancy diagnosis in wild canids using a commercially available relaxin assay. | accurate detection of pregnancy is a useful tool in zoo management and husbandry, conservation breeding programs and research settings. our study evaluated the ability of a commercial relaxin hormone assay used in domestic dogs (reprochek(tm)) to accurately detect pregnancy through plasma analysis in two wolf and two fox species. the relaxin assay detected all of the pregnancies greater than 25 days gestation for island foxes, fennec foxes, gray wolves, and mexican gray wolves. for island foxes, ... | 2008 | 19360634 |
| canine distemper virus infection in fennec fox (vulpes zerda). | fifteen 8-month-old fennec foxes imported from sudan showed fever, mucopurulent ocular discharge, diarrhea, severe emaciation, seizures, and generalized ataxia, and died. three of the 15 animals were presented for diagnostic investigation. severe dehydration, brain congestion, and gastric ulcers were observed in all animals. in one animal, the lungs had failed to collapse and were multifocally dark red in appearance. histopathologically, there were lymphohistiocytic meningoencephalitis with mala ... | 2010 | 20299771 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis in a fennec fox. | | 2012 | 3505982 |
| canine adenovirus type 1 in a fennec fox (vulpes zerda). | a 10-mo-old female fennec fox (vulpes zerda) with drooling suddenly died and was examined postmortem. histologic examination of different tissue samples was performed. vacuolar degeneration and diffuse fatty change were observed in the liver. several diagnostic methods were used to screen for canine parvovirus, canine distemper virus, canine influenza virus, canine coronavirus, canine parainfluenza virus, and canine adenovirus (cadv). only cadv type 1 (cadv-1) was detected in several organs (liv ... | 2014 | 25632689 |
| a case of trichophyton mentagrophytes infection in a fennec fox (vulpes zerda). | a 2-year-old male fennec fox presented with a 4 month history of nonpruritic, crusty skin lesions on the forehead, the pinnae and the tail tip. initial investigations, including routine haematology, biochemistry profile, multiple skin scrapings, trichoscopic examination, wood's lamp examination and fungal culture, failed to reveal any abnormalities. histopathological examination of a first set of skin biopsies showed an interface dermatitis pattern, with lymphocyte infiltration in the basal laye ... | 2012 | 22822716 |
| factors associated with uterine endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra in wild canids: implications for fertility. | the ability to safely and effectively manage reproduction is central to the success of aza captive-breeding programs. although the aza wildlife contraception center routinely monitors contraceptive safety, there have been no studies that compare the effects of contraceptive use to separation of males from females, the other option for preventing reproduction. we used retrospective medical records and pathology reports submitted by aza and related facilities for the seven aza-managed canid specie ... | 2014 | 23553688 |
| molecular assessment of hepatozoon (apicomplexa: adeleorina) infections in wild canids and rodents from north africa, with implications for transmission dynamics across taxonomic groups. | parasites play a major role in ecosystems, and understanding of host-parasite interactions is important for predicting parasite transmission dynamics and epidemiology. however, there is still a lack of knowledge about the distribution, diversity, and impact of parasites in wildlife, especially from remote areas. hepatozoon is a genus of apicomplexan parasites that is transmitted by ingestion of infected arthropod vectors. however, alternative modes of transmission have been identified such as tr ... | 2014 | 25050803 |
| a comparison of facial color pattern and gazing behavior in canid species suggests gaze communication in gray wolves (canis lupus). | as facial color pattern around the eyes has been suggested to serve various adaptive functions related to the gaze signal, we compared the patterns among 25 canid species, focusing on the gaze signal, to estimate the function of facial color pattern in these species. the facial color patterns of the studied species could be categorized into the following three types based on contrast indices relating to the gaze signal: a-type (both pupil position in the eye outline and eye position in the face ... | 2014 | 24918751 |
| the repertoire of bitter taste receptor genes in canids. | bitter taste receptors (tas2rs) play important roles in mammalian defense mechanisms by helping animals detect and avoid toxins in food. although tas2r genes have been widely studied in several mammals, minimal research has been performed in canids. to analyze the genetic basis of tas2r genes in canids, we first identified tas2r genes in the wolf, maned wolf, red fox, corsac fox, tibetan fox, fennec fox, dhole and african hunting dog. a total of 183 tas2r genes, consisting of 118 intact genes, 6 ... | 2017 | 28417226 |
| anatomy and disorders of the oral cavity of ferrets and other exotic companion carnivores. | exotic companion carnivores such as ferrets, skunks, fennec foxes, coatimundis, raccoons, and kinkajous presented in clinical practice share similar dental anatomy, function, and diseases. the domestic ferret serves as the representative species for this group with its anatomy, diseases, and conditions described in detail. dog and cat guidelines for veterinary and home care seem to be relevant and applicable, including dental endodontic procedures. annual or biannual dental examinations and prop ... | 2016 | 27497211 |
| a phylogenetic analysis of basal metabolism, total evaporative water loss, and life-history among foxes from desert and mesic regions. | we measured basal metabolic rate (bmr) and total evaporative water loss (tewl) of species of foxes that exist on the arabian peninsula, blanford's fox (vulpes cana) and two subspecies of red fox (vulpes vulpes). combining these data with that on other canids from the literature, we searched for specialization of physiological traits among desert foxes using both conventional least squares regression and regressions based on phylogenetic independent contrasts. further, we explored the consequence ... | 2004 | 14564467 |
| porencephaly in a fennec fox (vulpes zerda). | a postmortem examination revealed a large brain cavity in the right cerebral hemisphere of a 9-year-old male fennec (vulpes zerda). the cavity was filled with cerebrospinal fluid and extended to the right lateral ventricle. swelling and displacement of the right hippocampal area were also observed. histologic examination revealed no evidence of previous infarct lesions, hemorrhage, inflammation or invasive tumor cells. observation of the defective part suggested a local circulatory disorder duri ... | 2016 | 27523321 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of the fennec fox (vulpes zerda). | in this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of the fennec fox (vulpes zerda) was sequenced using blood samples obtained from a female individual in shanghai wildlife park. sequence analysis showed that the content of t (26.7%) in total composition was no more than c (27.2%), which is different from most of canide individuals sequenced previously. | 2016 | 24739007 |
| note on optimizing environmental enrichment: a study of fennec fox and zoo guests. | environmental enrichment is widely used to stimulate animal time budgets that seem more natural and diverse than those of unenriched animals. uncertainty of reward is a suggested means to maintain enrichment's efficacy. foraging tasks are widely applied in zoo animal enrichment, yet few rely on the logic of optimal foraging theory to help maintain animal motivation. we applied a foraging strategy to zoo housed fennec foxes as enrichment. we varied only the probability of when and where food woul ... | 2011 | 22147593 |
| lafora's-like disease in a fennec fox (vulpes zerda). | a 6-yr-old captive-born female fennec fox (vulpes zerda) had a history of multiple seizures and was treated with diazepam and phenobarbital therapy. despite medical treatment, the seizures continued. they were intermittent and progressive, resulting in neurologic deficits and death of the animal within 6 mo of onset of the clinical signs. at necropsy, the animal was in good nutritional condition, and no gross lesions were noted in the brain. histologically, amphophilic to basophilic, periodic ac ... | 2010 | 20945656 |
| nutrition and behavior of fennec foxes (vulpes zerda). | fennec foxes make popular pets because of their small size, minimal odor, and highly social behaviors. they are kept in zoos for conservation and educational programs. the exotic animal practitioner is most likely to be presented with fennec foxes that are overweight because of inappropriate diets or excessive feeding. clients attempting to hand-rear fennec foxes need advice about formula selection, amounts to feed, protocols for keeping pups warm, and weaning. this article provides information ... | 2009 | 19341956 |
| physiological constraints and latitudinal breeding season in the canidae. | physiological strategies that maximize reproductive success may be phylogenetically constrained or might have a plastic response to different environmental conditions. among mammals, canidae lend themselves to the study of these two influences on reproductive physiology because all the species studied to date have been characterized as monestrous (i.e., a single ovulatory event per breeding season), suggesting a phylogenetic effect. greater flexibility could be associated with environments that ... | 2007 | 17909995 |
| a malignant nephroblastoma in an aged fox (fennecus zerda). | a malignant nephroblastoma with pulmonary metastasis which was found at necropsy in an old fox is described. this is the first report of such a tumour in a fox. nephroblastoma is rare in the family canidae and usually occurs in young individuals. the presence of a tumour arising from embryonal tissue in an aged animal raises questions about the genesis and behaviour of this tumour. the tumour may have contributed to the animal's congestive heart failure as a result of the generalized pulmonary i ... | 1987 | 3031138 |
| angiopathic retinal degeneration in a fennec fox. | | 1985 | 4077661 |
| multiple primary tumors in a fennec fox (fennecus zerda). | | 1982 | 7131663 |
| water balance, metabolism, and heart rate in the fennec. | | 1976 | 967262 |
| [nyctohemeral variations in the temperature in the fennec (fenecus zerda zimm]. | | 1962 | 13863367 |
| a new species of isospora from the fennec fox fennecus zerda zimmermann. | | 1961 | 14488496 |
| reproductive viability analysis (rva) as a new tool for ex situ population management. | many animal populations managed by the association of zoos and aquariums' (aza) species survival plans® (ssps) have low rates of reproductive success. it is critical that individuals recommended to breed are successful to achieve genetic and demographic goals set by the ssp. identifying factors that impact reproductive success can inform managers on best practices and improve demographic predictions. a reproductive viability analysis (rva) utilizes data gathered from breeding and transfer plans, ... | 2019 | 30650208 |
| molecular evidence for vaccine-induced canine distemper virus and canine adenovirus 2 coinfection in a fennec fox. | a 61-d-old fennec fox (vulpes zerda), 11 d after receiving a multivalent, modified-live virus vaccine containing canine distemper virus (cdv), canine adenovirus 2 (cadv-2), parainfluenza virus, parvovirus, and canine coronavirus, developed oculonasal discharge, and subsequently convulsions, and hemoptysis, and died. microscopic changes in the cerebrum were evident, including neuronal degeneration and necrosis; intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies were observed in astrocytes. cdv was de ... | 2020 | 32560597 |
| emergence and comparative genomics analysis of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing escherichia coli carrying mcr-1 in fennec fox imported from sudan to china. | the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and genomic characteristics of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing escherichia coli (esbl-ec) in fennec fox imported from sudan to china. we screened 88 fecal samples from fennec fox for esbl-ec, using cefotaxime- and meropenem-supplemented selective medium. antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the agar dilution method except for colistin and tigecycline; for colistin and tigecycline, testing was conducted by the broth ... | 2019 | 31748247 |
| hepatocellular neoplasms in captive fennec foxes ( vulpes zerda). | hepatocellular carcinomas (hcc) are the most common primary hepatic neoplasm of dogs and occur at a high prevalence in captive fennec foxes ( vulpes zerda). of 54 captive fennec fox submissions to northwest zoopath, 15 (28%) foxes were diagnosed with hcc. this group consisted of nine males, four females, and two foxes of unspecified gender. affected foxes ranged in age from 8 to 13 yr (mean 10.3 yr). clinical signs included weight loss/inappetence ( n = 2), lethargy/weakness/ataxia ( n = 3), and ... | 2018 | 30592939 |
| adaptive spatial filtering improves speech reception in noise while preserving binaural cues. | hearing loss greatly reduces an individual's ability to comprehend speech in the presence of background noise. over the past decades, numerous signal-processing algorithms have been developed to improve speech reception in these situations for cochlear implant and hearing aid users. one challenge is to reduce background noise while not introducing interaural distortion that would degrade binaural hearing. the present study evaluates a noise reduction algorithm, referred to as binaural fennec, th ... | 2017 | 28964069 |