| identification of lactic acid bacteria constituting the predominating microflora in an acid-fermented condiment (tempoyak) popular in malaysia. | tempoyak is a traditional malaysian fermented condiment made from the pulp of the durian fruit (durio zibethinus). salt is sometime added to proceed fermentation at ambient temperature. in various samples obtained from night markets, lactic acid bacteria (lab) were the predominant microorganisms, ranging from log 8.4 to log 9.2 cfu g(-1). no other microorganisms were present to such a level. these samples contained reduced amount of saccharose, glucose and fructose but increased amount of d- and ... | 2001 | 11205946 |
| leuconostoc durionis sp. nov., a heterofermenter with no detectable gas production from glucose. | three lactic acid bacterial (lab) strains obtained from a malaysian acid-fermented condiment, tempoyak (made from pulp of the durian fruit), showed analogous but distinct patterns after screening by sds-page of whole-cell proteins and comparison with profiles of all recognized lab species. 16s rrna gene sequencing of one representative strain showed that the taxon belongs phylogenetically to the genus leuconostoc, with its nearest neighbour being leuconostoc fructosum (98 % sequence similarity). ... | 2005 | 15879266 |
| comparative study of health properties and nutritional value of durian, mangosteen, and snake fruit: experiments in vitro and in vivo. | in vitro and in vivo studies of the health and nutritional properties of durian (durio zibethinus murr.) were compared with snake fruit (salacca edulis reinw.) and mangosteen (garcinia mangostana). dietary fibers, minerals, and trace metals were comparable. total polyphenols (mg of gae/100 g of fw) and flavonoids (85.1+/-6.1) were significantly higher (p<0.05) than in snake fruit (217.1+/-13.2 (mg of ce/100 g of fw)), durian (309.7+/-19.3 and 61.2+/-4.9), and mangosteen (190.3+/-12.1 and 54.1+/- ... | 2007 | 17567034 |
| durian (durio zibethinus murr.) cultivars as nutritional supplementation to rat's diets. | the properties of mon thong, chani and kan yao durian (durio zibethinus murr.) cultivars were compared in vitro and in vivo studies in order to find the best one as a supplement to antiatherosclerotic diet. total polyphenols (361.4+/-35.3 mggae/100g fw), flavonoids (93.9+/-8.9 mgce/100g fw) and total antioxidant capacity determined by dpph and beta-carotene-linoleic acid assays (261.3+/-25.3 micromte/100g fw and 77.8+/-7.8% of inhibition) were maximal in mon thong in comparison with chani and ka ... | 2008 | 17935849 |
| hyperthermic effects of durio zibethinus and its interaction with paracetamol. | because durian (durio zibethinus), which is known in southeast asia as "the king of fruits", is thought to have special body-warming properties, it should not be consumed with paracetamol due to a risk of toxic effects. the claim of warming properties, however, has not been scientifically proven. this study was conducted to investigate durian's hyperthermic effect and its toxicity when consumed together with paracetamol in rats. five groups of rats (n=6) were fed with: 1) distilled water (4 ml/2 ... | 2008 | 19271022 |
| studies on the immunomodulatory effect of polysaccharide gel extracted from durio zibethinus in penaeus monodon shrimp against vibrio harveyi and wssv. | oral administration of polysaccharide gel (pg) in shrimp diets revealed immunostimulating potential and disease resistance in penaeus monodon (black tiger shrimp). pg from the fruit-rind of durio zibethinus has been characterized to be a pectic polysaccharide with immunomodulating and antibacterial activities. pg inhibited growth of the shrimp bacterial pathogen, vibrio harveyi 1526, by agar diffusion and broth microdilution tests. clear inhibition zones on agar plates were observed at the lowes ... | 2010 | 20034573 |
| enhanced growth of lactobacilli in soymilk upon immobilization on agrowastes. | cell immobilization is an alternative to microencapsulation for the maintenance of cells in a liquid medium. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of agrowastes from durian (durio zibethinus), cempedak (artocarpus champeden), and mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) as immobilizers for lactobacilli grown in soymilk. rinds from the agrowastes were separated from the skin, dried, and ground (150 microm) to form powders and used as immobilizers. scanning electron microscopy revealed t ... | 2010 | 20492305 |
| antibacterial activity of polysaccharide gel extract from fruit rinds of durio zibethinus murr. against oral pathogenic bacteria. | the polysaccharide gel (pg) extract from durian fruit rinds (durio zibethinus murr. "monthong") is a pectic polysaccharide with antibacterial activity. this study aimed to investigate the in vitro antibacterial activity of pg against oral pathogens, streptococcus mutans (s.mutans) and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (a.actinomycetemcomitans). | 2010 | 25427268 |
| in-vitro screening of malaysian honey from different floral sources for antibacterial activity on human pathogenic bacteria. | different researches on therapeutic effects of honey have been conducted in different regions; however the study on the potential antibacterial activity of malaysian honey is still limited. in this study, antibacterial activities of different monofloral honey samples were tested against several common human pathogenic bacteria. | 2014 | 25435614 |
| comparison of aroma-active compounds and sensory characteristics of durian (durio zibethinus l.) wines using strains of saccharomyces cerevisiae with odor activity values and partial least-squares regression. | the study evaluated the effects of five different strains (gre, rc212, lalvin d254, cgmcc2.4, and cgmcc2.23) of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae on the aromatic characteristics of fermented durian musts. in this work, 38 and 43 compounds in durian juices and wines were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) and gc-pulsed flame photometric detection (gc-pfpd) with the aid of stir bar sorptive extraction (sbse), respectively. according to the measured odor activity values (oav) ... | 2015 | 25620380 |
| sulphur-containing compounds of durian activate the thermogenesis-inducing receptors trpa1 and trpv1. | durian (durio zibethinus murr.) is classified as a body-warming food in indian herbalism, and its hyperthermic effect is empirically known in southeast asia. to investigate the mechanism underlying this effect, we focused on the thermogenesis-inducing receptors, trpa1 and trpv1. durian contains sulphides similar to the trpa1 and trpv1 agonists of garlic. accordingly, we hypothesized that the thermogenic effect of durian is driven by sulphide-induced trp channel activation. to investigate our hyp ... | 2014 | 24679773 |
| current trends of tropical fruit waste utilization. | recent rapid growth of the world's population has increased food demands. this phenomenon poses a great challenge for food manufacturers in maximizing the existing food or plant resources. nowadays, the recovery of health benefit bioactive compounds from fruit wastes is a research trend not only to help minimize the waste burden, but also to meet the intensive demand from the public for phenolic compounds which are believed to have protective effects against chronic diseases. this review is focu ... | 2016 | 27246698 |
| field evidence of strong differential pollen placement by old world bat-pollinated plants. | sympatric plant species that share pollinators potentially compete for pollination and risk interspecific pollen transfer, but this competition can be minimized when plant species place pollen on different areas of the pollinator's body. multiple studies have demonstrated strong differential pollen placement by sympatric plant species under laboratory conditions; however, field evidence collected in natural settings is less common. furthermore, it is unknown whether precise pollen placement on t ... | 2017 | 27864223 |
| differential pollen placement on an old world nectar bat increases pollination efficiency. | plant species that share pollinators are potentially subject to non-adaptive interspecific pollen transfer, resulting in reduced reproductive success. mechanisms that increase pollination efficiency between conspecific individuals are therefore highly beneficial. many nocturnally flowering plant species in thailand are pollinated by the nectar bat eonycteris spelaea (pteropodidae). this study tested the hypothesis that plant species within a community reduce interspecific pollen movement by plac ... | 2016 | 26482654 |
| analysis of translocatory balance in durian (durio zibethinus) fruit. | we estimated translocatory balance in fruit of the tropical tree durio zibethinus murray on the basis of a compartment model. rates of fruit respiration, dry weight growth and translocation increased with time. over the 8.2 weeks of fruit development, the relative distribution of translocation was 80% to dry weight growth and 20% to respiration. the ratio of respiration rate to translocation rate, which ranged from 14 to 32%, tended to decrease with time, whereas the ratio of dry weight growth r ... | 2004 | 14871778 |
| insights into the key compounds of durian (durio zibethinus l. 'monthong') pulp odor by odorant quantitation and aroma simulation experiments. | sixteen compounds, previously identified as potent odorants by application of an aroma extract dilution analysis and the gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis of static headspace samples, were quantitated in the pulp of durians, variety monthong, and odor activity values (oavs) were calculated by dividing the concentrations obtained by the odor thresholds of the compounds in water. in combination with data recently reported for hydrogen sulfide and short-chain alkanethiols, oavs > 1 were obta ... | 2017 | 28024392 |
| genome sequence of "anthococcus," a novel genus of the family streptococcaceae isolated from flowers. | here, we report the draft whole-genome sequence of "anthococcus," a novel genus of the family streptococcaceae isolated from fresh flowers of a durian (durio zibethinus) tree. the draft genome of anthococcus sp. strain df1 contains 2,157,756 bp, with a g+c content of 33.0%. | 2016 | 27979953 |
| phenolics from durian exert pronounced no inhibitory and antioxidant activities. | durian, known as the king of fruits, is native to southeast asia and popular in many countries. bioactivity-guided fractionation of the peel of durian was applied to determine its bioactive constituents. four novel phenolics, along with 16 known, were purified and identified. four novel phenolics were elucidated to be durianol a (1), durianol b (2), durianol c (3), and 5'-methoxy-7'-epi-jatrorin a (4), respectively. the antioxidant and no inhibitory activities were evaluated for the isolated phe ... | 2016 | 27159409 |
| nutrients and bioactive compounds in popular and indigenous durian (durio zibethinus murr.). | this study identified nutrients, fatty acids, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of two popular varieties (mon-thong, cha-ni) and two indigenous varieties (kra-dum and kob-ta-kam) of durian. each of variety was collected from 3 gardens in nonthaburi province, thailand. at optimal ripeness, the edible part was separated, homogenised or freeze dried, as fresh or dry samples for further analysis using standard methods. all durian varieties contained a considerable amount of dietary fibr ... | 2016 | 26433306 |
| effect of temperature-controlled fermentation on physico-chemical properties and lactic acid bacterial count of durian (durio zibethinus murr.) pulp. | effects of controlled-temperature fermentation on several physico-chemical properties, lactic acid bacteria (lab) counts and aroma of durian pulp were examined by storing fresh durian pulp was mixed with 2 % (w/w) salt and stored at 15 °c, 27 °c and 40 °c for 10 days. storage at 15 °c did not affect the properties of the pulp much. however, at 27 °c and 40 °c, ph and total soluble solids decreased up to 60 % and 52 %, respectively, with greater losses at 27 °c. titratable acidity, which increase ... | 2014 | 26396291 |
| parametric and adsorption kinetic studies of methylene blue removal from simulated textile water using durian (durio zibethinus murray) skin. | in this study, durian (durio zibethinus murray) skin was examined for its ability to remove methylene blue (mb) dye from simulated textile wastewater. adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of mb removal from aqueous solutions at different parametric conditions such as different initial concentrations (2-10 mg/l), biosorbent dosages (0.3-0.7 g) and ph solution (4-9) onto durian skin were studied using batch adsorption. the amount of mb adsorbed increased from 3.45 to 17.31 mg/g with the increase in ... | 2015 | 26360749 |
| expression of expansin genes in the pulp and the dehiscence zone of ripening durian (durio zibethinus) fruit. | durian (durio zibethinus) fruit was harvested at the commercially mature stage and stored at 25°c. durian fruit have 3-5 longitudinal dehiscence zones (dzs) in the peel, which are up to 40cm long and 2cm thick in large fruit. dehiscence started a week after harvest, was hastened by exogenous ethylene, and delayed by 1-methylcyclopropene (1-mcp), showing that it is regulated by endogenous ethylene. three genes encoding α-expansins (dzexp1-3) were isolated. in the expression of these genes increas ... | 2015 | 26047070 |
| a novel liquid/liquid extraction process composed of surfactant and acetonitrile for purification of polygalacturonase enzyme from durio zibethinus. | polygalacturonase is one of the important enzymes used in various industries such as food, detergent, pharmaceutical, textile, pulp and paper. a novel liquid/liquid extraction process composed of surfactant and acetonitrile was employed for the first time to purify polygalacturonase from durio zibethinus. the influences of different parameters such as type and concentration of surfactants, concentrations of acetonitrile and composition of surfactant/acetonitrile on partitioning behavior and reco ... | 2015 | 25973865 |
| carotenoids in durian fruit pulp during growth and postharvest ripening. | durian (durio zibethinus) cvs. chanee and monthong fruit were severed from the tree during 14 day intervals, from 10 weeks after anthesis until commercial maturity. we determined the pulp (i.e. aril; fruit flesh) carotenoid composition, together with pulp firmness, color and total soluble solids (tss) and postharvest quality. in ripe cv. chanee fruit the main carotenoids were β-carotene (about 80%), and α-carotene (20%), with minor levels of lutein and zeaxanthin. in ripe fruit total carotenoid ... | 2015 | 25766832 |
| exploring the potential nutraceutical values of durian (durio zibethinus l.) - an exotic tropical fruit. | this review focuses on providing informations on potential uses of durian, an exotic tropical fruit as a source of food, as well as a potential therapeutic agent. apart from disseminating details on the traditional value, in this review we have focussed on the nutritional composition, presence of bioactive compounds, volatiles, antimicrobials, as well as on the toxicological effects of durian fruit consumption. durian fruits are enjoyed for their unique taste and organoleptic qualities, but ther ... | 2015 | 25172686 |
| influence of chemical extraction on rheological behavior, viscoelastic properties and functional characteristics of natural heteropolysaccharide/protein polymer from durio zibethinus seed. | in recent years, the demand for a natural plant-based polymer with potential functions from plant sources has increased considerably. the main objective of the current study was to study the effect of chemical extraction conditions on the rheological and functional properties of the heteropolysaccharide/protein biopolymer from durian (durio zibethinus) seed. the efficiency of different extraction conditions was determined by assessing the extraction yield, protein content, solubility, rheologica ... | 2012 | 23203099 |
| characterization of the major odor-active compounds in thai durian ( durio zibethinus l. 'monthong') by aroma extract dilution analysis and headspace gas chromatography-olfactometry. | an aroma extract dilution analysis applied on the volatile fraction isolated from thai durian by solvent extraction and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation resulted in 44 odor-active compounds in the flavor dilution (fd) factor range of 1-16384, 41 of which could be identified and 24 that had not been reported in durian before. high fd factors were found for ethyl (2s)-2-methylbutanoate (fruity; fd 16384), ethyl cinnamate (honey; fd 4096), and 1-(ethylsulfanyl)ethanethiol (roasted onion; fd 1024 ... | 2012 | 23088286 |
| chemical composition and molecular structure of polysaccharide-protein biopolymer from durio zibethinus seed: extraction and purification process. | | 2012 | 23062269 |
| effect of different purification techniques on the characteristics of heteropolysaccharide-protein biopolymer from durian (durio zibethinus) seed. | natural biopolymers from plant sources contain many impurities (e.g., fat, protein, fiber, natural pigment and endogenous enzymes), therefore, an efficient purification process is recommended to minimize these impurities and consequently improve the functional properties of the biopolymer. the main objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of different purification techniques on the yield, protein content, solubility, water- and oil-holding capacity of a heteropolysaccharide-p ... | 2012 | 22964503 |
| influence of chemical extraction conditions on the physicochemical and functional properties of polysaccharide gum from durian (durio zibethinus) seed. | durian seed is an agricultural biomass waste of durian fruit. it can be a natural plant source of non-starch polysaccharide gum with potential functional properties. the main goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of chemical extraction variables (i.e., the decolouring time, soaking temperature and soaking time) on the physicochemical properties of durian seed gum. the physicochemical and functional properties of chemically-extracted durian seed gum were assessed by determining ... | 2012 | 22643356 |
| some analytical assays for the determination of bioactivity of exotic fruits. | the consumption of new exotic fruits, with their high nutritional and sensory value, has significantly increased in the past few years. among the tropical fruits durian (durio zibethinus murr.) is less known than mango (mangifera indica l.) and avocado (persea americana). it has been shown that durian, mango and avocado possessed high nutritional and bioactive properties, but these data were determined using different methods. in order to obtain reliable results we investigated samples of durian ... | 2012 | 20183860 |
| optimization of pectin extraction from durian rind (durio zibethinus) using response surface methodology. | response surface methodology (rsm) was carried out to study the effect of temperature, ph, and heating time as input variables on the yield and degree of esterification (de) as the output (responses). the results showed that yield and de of extracted pectin ranged from 2.27% to 9.35% (w/w, based on dry weight of durian rind) and 47.66% to 68.6%, respectively. the results also showed that a 2nd-order model adequately fitted the experimental data for the yield and de. optimum condition for maximum ... | 2009 | 19799660 |
| secondary metabolites from the wood bark of durio zibethinus and durio kutejensis. | phytochemical exploration of a wood bark extract from durio zibethinus afforded two new triterpenoids, namely, methyl 27-o-trans-caffeoylcylicodiscate (1) and methyl 27-o-cis-caffeoylcylicodiscate (2), a new phenolic, 1,2-diarylpropane-3-ol (3), and seven known compounds, fraxidin, eucryphin, boehmenan, threo-carolignan e, (-)-(3r,4s)-4-hydroxymellein, methyl protocatechuate, and (+)-(r)-de-o-methyllasiodiplodin (4). in addition, chemical analysis of a wood bark extract from durio kutejensis yie ... | 2006 | 16933881 |
| leaf life span plasticity in tropical seedlings grown under contrasting light regimes. | the phenotypic plasticity of leaf life span in response to low resource conditions has a potentially large impact on the plant carbon budget, notably in evergreen species not subject to seasonal leaf shedding, but has rarely been well documented. this study evaluates the plasticity of leaf longevity, in terms of its quantitative importance to the plant carbon balance under limiting light. | 2006 | 16299004 |
| diel changes in the co2 exchange rates of reproductive organs of the tropical tree durio zibethinus. | the daily variations in the in situ co(2) exchange of the reproductive organs of durio zibethinus trees, growing in an experimental field at university putra malaysia (upm), were examined at different growth stages. reproductive organs emerged on the leafless portions of branches inside the crown. the photon flux densities (pfd) in the chambers used for the measurements were less than 100 mumol m(-2) s(-1) and were 40% of the pfd outside of the crown. the daytime net respiration rate and the nig ... | 2005 | 15937725 |
| nanocellulose-zeolite composite films for odor elimination. | free standing and strong odor-removing composite films of cellulose nanofibrils (cnf) with a high content of nanoporous zeolite adsorbents have been colloidally processed. thermogravimetric desorption analysis (tga) and infrared spectroscopy combined with computational simulations showed that commercially available silicalite-1 and zsm-5 have a high affinity and uptake of volatile odors like ethanethiol and propanethiol, also in the presence of water. the simulations showed that propanethiol has ... | 0 | 26061093 |
| floc behavior and removal mechanisms of cross-linked durio zibethinus seed starch as a natural flocculant for landfill leachate coagulation-flocculation treatment. | this study investigated the behavior and mechanisms of cross-linked durio zibethinus seed starch (cdss) flocculants for landfill leachate treatment. a physical-chemical treatment method of coagulation-flocculation process and starch modification were implemented in treating stabilized leachate from matang landfill, perak, malaysia. in practical, the removal performance of color, cod, suspended solid and turbidity for cdss flocculants were evaluated by combining with primary coagulant of polyalum ... | 2018 | 29370968 |
| pollination by the locally endangered island flying fox (pteropus hypomelanus) enhances fruit production of the economically important durian (durio zibethinus). | fruit bats provide valuable pollination services to humans through a unique coevolutionary relationship with chiropterophilous plants. however, chiropterophily in the old world and the pollination roles of large bats, such as flying foxes (pteropus spp., acerodon spp., desmalopex spp.), are still poorly understood and require further elucidation. efforts to protect these bats have been hampered by a lack of basic quantitative information on their role as ecosystem service providers. here, we inv ... | 2017 | 29152168 |
| the draft genome of tropical fruit durian (durio zibethinus). | durian (durio zibethinus) is a southeast asian tropical plant known for its hefty, spine-covered fruit and sulfury and onion-like odor. here we present a draft genome assembly of d. zibethinus, representing the third plant genus in the malvales order and first in the helicteroideae subfamily to be sequenced. single-molecule sequencing and chromosome contact maps enabled assembly of the highly heterozygous durian genome at chromosome-scale resolution. transcriptomic analysis showed upregulation o ... | 2017 | 28991254 |
| novel triterpenoids and glycosides from durian exert pronounced anti-inflammatory activities. | durian, known for its abundant nutrition, is a delicious fruit from southeast asia with increasing popularity worldwide. in this study, a series of chromatographic methods and bioactivity assays were applied to identify major compounds from durian shells. two new triterpenoids, two new phenolics, and seven new glycoside esters, as well as sixteen known compounds, were isolated and identified. anti-inflammatory activities were assayed and evaluated for the isolated compounds. most of the isolated ... | 2018 | 28958521 |
| fast pyrolysis of durian (durio zibethinus l) shell in a drop-type fixed bed reactor: pyrolysis behavior and product analyses. | durian shell (ds) was pyrolyzed in a drop-type fixed-bed reactor to study the physicochemical properties of the products. the experiment was carried out with different particle sizes (up to 5mm) and reaction temperatures (250-650°c). the highest bio-oil yield was obtained at 650°c (57.45wt%) with ds size of 1-2mm. the elemental composition and higher heating value of the feedstock, bio-oil (650°c), and bio-char (650°c) were determined and compared. the compositions of product gases were determin ... | 2017 | 28651142 |
| carotenoid accumulation in durian (durio zibethinus) fruit is affected by ethylene via modulation of carotenoid pathway gene expression. | carotenoid content in durian (durio zibethinus) fruit is an important aspect of fruit quality, with different cultivars distinguished by differing pigmentation. we have studied the dependence of carotenogenesis on ethylene. fruit of the cultivar 'chanee' harvested at the mature stage were either left untreated (controls), treated with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-mcp) for 12 h, or treated with application of an aqueous ethephon solution to the stem end, or treated for 12 h with 1-mcp followed by ethe ... | 2017 | 28415031 |
| potential use of durian fruit (durio zibenthinus linn) as an adjunct to treat infertility in polycystic ovarian syndrome. | infertility due to polycystic ovarian syndrome (pcos) is a worldwide problem that is increasing at alarming rates. insulin resistance, the prime factor of pcos, induces comorbid metabolic syndrome as well. durian (durio zibenthinus linn), a fruit of southeast asia, is used as a natural supplement in healthy diets. this paper is a short literature review that examines the fruit's effects against various components of metabolic syndrome and its fertility-enhancing properties in pcos. various publi ... | 2016 | 26778225 |
| effect of different drying techniques on flowability characteristics and chemical properties of natural carbohydrate-protein gum from durian fruit seed. | | 2013 | 23289739 |
| ocular injuries by durian fruit. | to report various ocular injuries caused by durian fruit. | 2012 | 22937520 |
| optimisation of aqueous extraction of gum from durian (durio zibethinus) seed: a potential, low cost source of hydrocolloid. | the main goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of aqueous extraction conditions on the extraction yield and physicochemical properties of the durian seed gum. the studied aqueous extraction variables were water/seed (w/s) ratio (20:1-60:1, w/w), temperature (25.0-85.0°c), and ph (4.0-10.0). the results indicated that the aqueous extraction variables exhibited the least significant (p<0.05) effect on oil-holding capacity (ohc). conversely, they had the most significant (p<0.05) ... | 2012 | 29243609 |
| penetrating ocular injury by durian fruit. | durian may inflict severe body injury when it drops from the tree. this case report describes a patient who presented with facial and penetrating eye injury when a ripe durian fruit dropped onto her face while harvesting the fruits under the tree. the authors emphasized the importance of facial and eye protective devices during durian fruit harvesting season. | 2009 | 20527280 |
| durianella, a new gasteroid genus of boletes from malaysia. | hydnangium echinulatum, described originally from a single specimen collected in malaysia, has been recollected, and based on morphological and molecular characters is recognized as representing a new gasteroid genus of boletes with affinities to the boletineae, herein named durianella. diagnostic features include an epigeous, ovoid, pyramidal-warted, durian fruit-like basidiome with gelatinized glebal locules and a columella that turns indigo blue upon exposure, and subglobose basidiospores wit ... | 2009 | 19202849 |