| movement of tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus (tylcv): involvement of the protein encoded by orf c4. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is a whitefly-transmitted geminivirus with a monopartite genome. we have investigated the ability of a tylcv dna mutant containing a disrupted orf c4 to infect nicotiana benthamiana and tomato plants. the mutant retained the capability of autonomous replication in protoplast-derived cells of tomato and was able to infect n. benthamiana plants systemically although dna levels were reduced and symptom development was attenuated. however, when tomato plants wer ... | 1994 | 8091687 |
| genetic analysis of the monopartite tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus: roles of v1, v2, and c2 orfs in viral pathogenesis. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is a whitefly-transmitted geminivirus with a monopartite genome. we have investigated the functions of the v1, v2, and c2 orfs by mutational analysis. we analyzed the ability of tylcv mutants containing disrupted orfs v1, v2, or c2 to replicate, spread, and cause symptoms in nicotiana benthamiana and tomato plants. all the mutants retained the capability of autonomous replication in protoplast-derived cells of tomato and leaf discs of n. benthamiana, althoug ... | 1997 | 9123819 |
| the capsid protein of tomato yellow leaf curl virus binds cooperatively to single-stranded dna. | the capsid protein (cp) of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is the only known component of the virus coat. here, we identify tylcv cp as a single-stranded (ss) dna binding protein. purified tylcv cp bound ssdna in a highly cooperative and sequence-nonspecific fashion. tylcv cp-ssdna complexes were resistant to nucleolytic digestion and remained stable at relatively high salt concentrations. because tylcv cp is known to contain an active nuclear targeting signal, we propose that its associat ... | 1998 | 9820160 |
| types of variation in dna-a among isolates of east african cassava mosaic virus from kenya, malawi and tanzania. | complete nucleotide sequences of the dna-a-like molecules of three east african cassava mosaic virus (eacmv) isolates from kenya (-k, 2801 nt) and malawi (-mh and -mk, both 2804 nt) were determined. these sequences were compared with that published for a tanzanian isolate (-t, 2801 nt) and the partial sequence of a third malawian isolate. intergenic region sequences of all isolates, and deduced amino acid sequences of their ac1 (rep) proteins, each formed a tightly related cluster that was disti ... | 1998 | 9820161 |
| improvement of the print-capture polymerase chain reaction procedure for efficient amplification of dna virus genomes from plants and insect vectors. | a rapid and simple procedure is described to amplify efficiently geminivirus dna genomes by improving the print-capture polymerase chain reaction (pcr) procedure reported recently for rna viruses. this method, termed print-pcr (p-pcr), allows direct amplification of dna from infected plant or whitefly tissues printed directly on whatman 3mm paper, without the need of any grinding, incubation, or washing steps previous to the amplification reaction. p-pcr reduces sample manipulation and avoids pr ... | 1998 | 9870594 |
| a groel homologue from endosymbiotic bacteria of the whitefly bemisia tabaci is implicated in the circulative transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl virus. | evidence for the involvement of a bemisia tabaci groel homologue in the transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus (tylcv) is presented. a approximately 63-kda protein was identified in b. tabaci whole-body extracts using an antiserum raised against aphid buchnera groel. the groel homologue was immunolocalized to a coccoid-shaped whitefly endosymbiont. the 30 n-terminal amino acids of the whitefly groel homologue showed 80% homology with that from different aphid species and groel from ... | 1999 | 10087228 |
| tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus (tylcv-is) is transmitted among whiteflies (bemisia tabaci) in a sex-related manner. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is the name given to a complex of geminiviruses infecting tomato cultures worldwide. tylcv is transmitted by a single insect species, the whitefly bemisia tabaci. herein we show that a tylcv isolate from israel (tylcv-is) can be transmitted among whiteflies in a sex-dependent manner, in the absence of any other source of virus. tylcv was transmitted from viruliferous males to females and from viruliferous females to males but not among insects of the same se ... | 2000 | 10775612 |
| natural recombination between tomato yellow leaf curl virus-is and tomato leaf curl virus. | the complete genome sequences (2791 and 2793 nt) of isolates of tomato yellow leaf curl virus-is (tylcv-is) from spain (sp72/97) and portugal (port2/95) were determined. these isolates are closely related to tylcv-is isolates reported in japan (japan-a and japan-s) and israel (israel/mild). comparison of all sequenced isolates of tylcv-is showed that part of the genome comprising the intergenic region and the 5'-end of the rep gene of the iran and israel isolates was not closely related to that ... | 2000 | 11038394 |
| the groel protein of the whitefly bemisia tabaci interacts with the coat protein of transmissible and nontransmissible begomoviruses in the yeast two-hybrid system. | we have previously suggested that a groel homolog produced by the whitefly bemisia tabaci endosymbiotic bacteria interacts in the insect hemolymph with particles of tomato yellow leaf curl virus from israel (tylcv-is), ensuring the safe circulative transmission of the virus. we have now addressed the question of whether the nontransmissibility of abutilon mosaic virus from israel (abmv-is) is related to a lack of association between groel and the virus coat protein (cp). translocation analysis h ... | 2000 | 11040131 |
| efficiency of insect exclusion screens for preventing whitefly transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl virus of tomatoes in israel. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is the most frequently occurring virus in tomatoes in the middle east, and the most harmful one. it is transmitted solely by the whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius). within 4-6h of inoculative feeding, a whitefly can transmit tylcv to a healthy plant with 80% probability. the symptoms are apparent after two to three weeks whereupon fruit-set is effectively terminated. the only means of controlling tylcv is by controlling the whitefly. until 1990 this was exc ... | 2002 | 12241562 |
| intron-hairpin rna derived from replication associated protein c1 gene confers immunity to tomato yellow leaf curl virus infection in transgenic tomato plants. | the whitefly-transmitted tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is the major pathogen of tomato crop in cuba and one of the most outstanding viral diseases of plants worldwide. in this work, we have developed transgenic tomato plants, transformed with an intron-hairpin genetic construction to induce post- transcriptional gene silencing against the early tylcv replication associated protein gene (c1). the intron-hairpin rna produced involves 726 nts of the 3' end of the tylcv c1 gene as the arms o ... | 2006 | 16779645 |
| suppressor of rna silencing encoded by tomato yellow leaf curl virus-israel. | the israeli isolate of tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus (tylcv-is) is a major tomato pathogen, causing extensive crop losses both in the new and old world. surprisingly, however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of tylcv-is interactions with tomato cells. here, we have identified a tylcv-is protein, v2, which acts as a suppressor of rna silencing and which is unrelated to presently known viral suppressors. specifically, v2, but not other proteins of tylcv-is, inhibited rna silen ... | 2007 | 16979684 |
| a multiplex pcr method discriminating between the tylcv and tylcv-mld clades of tomato yellow leaf curl virus. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is one of the causal agents of tomato yellow leaf curl disease (tylcd) and can cause up to 100% yield losses in tomato fields. as tylcv continues to spread, many isolates have been described in different parts of the world. recently two closely related but distinct tylcv clades, called tylcv and tylcv-mld, have been identified. isolates from those two clades differ mainly in the nucleotide sequences of their replication associated protein genes but do not di ... | 2007 | 17485124 |
| displacement of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv)-sr by tylcv-is in tomato epidemics in spain. | abstract a progressive displacement of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv)-sr by tylcv-is was observed in tomato epidemics in southern spain based on incidence data of both virus species obtained during surveys conducted between 1996 and 1998. ecological factors that might be involved in such a displacement, such as competition of tylcv-sr and tylcv-is in tomato, transmission by local biotypes (b and q) of bemisia tabaci, and presence in weeds and alternate crops, have been analyzed. no select ... | 1999 | 18944659 |
| generation and characterization of functional recombinant antibody fragments against tomato yellow leaf curl virus replication-associated protein. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is a complex of geminivirus species prevalent in the tropics and sub-tropics, which causes severe diseases in economically important crops such as tomato. conventional strategies for disease management have shown little success and new approaches based on genetic engineering need to be considered. we generated two single-chain variable fragment antibodies (scfv-screp1 and scfv-screp2) that bound strongly to continuous epitopes within the tylcv replication-as ... | 2008 | 19226769 |
| recombinant-antibody-mediated resistance against tomato yellow leaf curl virus in nicotiana benthamiana. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is a geminivirus species whose members cause severe crop losses in the tropics and subtropics. we report the expression of a single-chain variable fragment (scfv) antibody that protected nicotiana benthamiana plants from a prevalent iranian isolate of the virus (tylcv-ir). two recombinant antibodies (scfv-screp1 and scfv-screp2) interacting with the multifunctional replication initiator protein (rep) were obtained from phage display libraries and expressed i ... | 2009 | 19234665 |
| molecular dissection of tomato leaf curl virus resistance in tomato line ty172 derived from solanum peruvianum. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is devastating to tomato (solanum lycopersicum) crops and resistant cultivars are highly effective in controlling the disease. the breeding line ty172, originating from solanum peruvianum, is highly resistant to tylcv. to map quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling tylcv resistance in ty172, appropriate segregating populations were analyzed using 69 polymorphic dna markers spanning the entire tomato genome. results show that tylcv resistance in ty172 is c ... | 2009 | 19455299 |
| interaction of tomato yellow leaf curl virus with diverse betasatellites enhances symptom severity. | the complete nucleotide sequence was determined for a begomovirus isolated from tomato exhibiting leaf curling and yellowing symptoms in tochigi prefecture in japan. the genome organization of this virus was similar to those of other old world monopartite begomoviruses. neither a dna betasatellite nor a dna-b component was detected. it had the highest total nucleotide sequence identity (99%) with tomato yellow leaf curl virus-israel[japan:tosa:2005] (tylcv-il[jr:tos:05]) and tylcv-israel[japan:h ... | 2009 | 19575277 |
| an efficient in vitro-inoculation method for tomato yellow leaf curl virus. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is a member of the family geminiviridae, genus begomovirus. to test the infectivity of tylcv in tomato plants, an improved protocol for inoculation of in vitro-cultured tomato plants was developed. | 2010 | 20429892 |
| tomato yellow leaf curl virus, the intracellular dynamics of a plant dna virus. | summary tomato yellow leaf curl virus is a geminivirus, transmitted by whitefly (bemisia tabaci) and causing the most destructive disease of tomato throughout the mediterranean region, the middle east and the tropical regions of africa and central america. affected plants produce either no fruits or a few small fruits. since it is an ssdna virus which replicates in the host cell nucleus, the molecular mechanisms involved in the viral nuclear import have been the focus of our studies in recent ye ... | 2003 | 20569358 |
| phylogenetic analysis and inflow route of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) and bemisia tabaci in korea. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is a member of the genus begomovirus of the family geminiviridae, members of which are characterized by closed circular single-stranded dna genomes of 2.7-2.8 kb in length, and include viruses transmitted by the bemisia tabaci whitefly. no reports of tylcv in korea are available prior to 2008, after which tylcv spread rapidly to most regions of the southern korean peninsula (gyeongsang-do, jeolla-do and jeju-do). fifty full sequences of tylcv were analyzed i ... | 2010 | 20981497 |
| effect of a single amino acid substitution in the nls domain of tomato yellow leaf curl virus-israel (tylcv-il) capsid protein (cp) on its activity and on the virus life cycle. | the capsid protein (cp) of tomato yellow leaf curl virus-israel (tylcv-il), encoded by the v1 gene, is the only known component of the viral capsid. three point mutations introduced into the conserved nls region of the cp were investigated. one mutant, in which the arg at position 19 was converted to leu, had the most significant effect on the cp-cp homotypic interaction as well as on cp's interaction with its nuclear receptor karyopherin a1 and with the protein groel. the latter has been sugges ... | 2011 | 21376764 |
| resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus accumulation in the tomato wild relative solanum habrochaites associated with the c4 viral protein. | tomato yellow leaf curl disease (tylcd) is a severe threat to tomato crops worldwide and is caused by tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) and several other begomoviruses (genus begomovirus, family geminiviridae). host plant resistance is the best tylcd control method but limited sources of resistance are available. in this study, two solanum habrochaites tylcd-resistance sources, eelm-388 and eelm-889, were found after a wide germplasm screening and were further characterized. a consistent res ... | 2011 | 21405986 |
| whitefly resistance traits derived from the wild tomato solanum pimpinellifollium affect the preference and feeding behavior of bemisia tabaci and reduce the spread of tomato yellow leaf curl virus. | breeding of tomato genotypes that limit whitefly (bemisia tabaci) access and feeding might reduce the spread of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv), a begomovirus (genus begomovirus, family geminiviridae) that is the causal agent of tomato yellow leaf curl disease. tylcv is restricted to the phloem and is transmitted in a persistent manner by b. tabaci. the tomato breeding line abl 14-8 was developed by introgressing type iv leaf glandular trichomes and secretion of acylsucroses from the wild ... | 2011 | 21615206 |
| a novel synthetic quantification standard including virus and internal report targets: application for the detection and quantification of emerging begomoviruses on tomato. | abstract: background: begomovirus is a genus of phytopathogenic single-stranded dna viruses, transmitted by the whitefly bemisia tabaci. this genus includes emerging and economically significant viruses such as those associated with tomato yellow leaf curl disease, for which diagnostic tools are needed to prevent dispersion and new introductions. five real-time pcrs with an internal tomato reporter gene were developed for accurate detection and quantification of monopartite begomoviruses, includ ... | 2011 | 21819593 |
| high efficient of females of b-type bemisia tabaci as males in transmitting the whitefly-borne tomato yellow leaf curl virus to tomato plant with q-pcr method confirmation. | it has been previously reported that tylcv can be transmitted from viruliferous males to non-viruliferous females and from viruliferous females to non-viruliferous males, but not between insects of the same sex; female whiteflies transmit tylcv-is with higher efficiency than males through symptoms recognition and viral dna identification in tomato test plants (one insect per plant, with 48 h aap and 48 h iap). however, it remains unclear whether non-infected female and male could obtain same vir ... | 2012 | 23336021 |
| a new strain of tomato severe leaf curl virus and a unique variant of tomato yellow leaf curl virus from mexico. | the complete genome sequence of a distinct variant of tomato yellow leaf curl virus-israel (tylcv-il) and the dna-a sequence of a new strain of tomato severe leaf curl virus (toslcv) isolated in san luis potosi, mexico, are described and analyzed. the tylcv-il[mx:slp:11] variant differs from all tylcv-il isolates described so far by a unique 42-nt duplicated sequence comprising a part of the conserved stem-loop element of the virion-strand replication origin and adjacent regulatory sequences. ty ... | 2012 | 22684489 |
| in silico analysis of gene content in tomato genomic regions mapped to the ty-2 resistance gene. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus is one of the main diseases affecting tomato production worldwide. previous studies have shown that ty-2 is an important resistance gene located between molecular markers c2_at2g28250 (82.3 cm) and t0302 (89.0 cm), and exhibits strong resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus in asia. in this study, ty-2 candidate genes were subjected to bioinformatic analysis for the sequenced tomato genome. we identified 69 genes between molecular markers c2_at2g28250 and t0302, ... | 2015 | 26214476 |
| recessive resistance derived from tomato cv. tyking-limits drastically the spread of tomato yellow leaf curl virus. | the tomato yellow leaf curl disease (tylcd) causes severe damage to tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.) crops throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world. tylcd is associated with a complex of single-stranded circular dna plant viruses of the genus begomovirus (family geminiviridae) transmitted by the whitefy bemisia tabaci gennadius (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). the tomato inbred line tx 468-rg is a source of monogenic recessive resistance to begomoviruses derived from the hybrid cv. tyki ... | 2015 | 26008699 |
| a bead-based suspension array for the multiplexed detection of begomoviruses and their whitefly vectors. | bead-based suspension array systems enable simultaneous fluorescence-based identification of multiple nucleic acid targets in a single reaction. this study describes the development of a novel approach to plant virus and vector diagnostics, a multiplexed 7-plex array that comprises a hierarchical set of assays for the simultaneous detection of begomoviruses and bemisia tabaci, from both plant and whitefly samples. the multiplexed array incorporates genus, species and strain-specific assays, offe ... | 2014 | 24388931 |
| towards area wide management of insect vectored viruses of tomatoes in the bowen district. | the bowen region of northern queensland is an important winter production area for tomatoes in australia. there are three economically important viruses in the region that affect tomato, tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv), tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) and potato leafroll virus (plrv), which are vectored by whiteflies, thrips and aphids, respectively. an area wide management approach is required to lower the primary inoculum throughout the district. to this end, we undertook investigations ... | 2017 | 28625668 |