| effect of essential oil of cymbopogon citratus stapf. on central nervous system. | | 1976 | 992793 |
| myrcene mimics the peripheral analgesic activity of lemongrass tea. | oral administration of an infusion of lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus) fresh leaves to rats produced a dose-dependent analgesia for the hyperalgesia induced by subplantar injections of either carrageenin or prostaglandin e2, but did not affect that induced by dibutyryl cyclic amp. these results indicate a peripheral site of action which was confirmed with the essential oil obtained by steam distillation of the leaves. silica gel column fractionation of the essential oil allowed the identificatio ... | 1991 | 1753786 |
| ethnobotanical survey of the medicinal flora used by the caribs of guatemala. | an ethnobotanical survey was conducted among the carib population of guatemala in 1988-1989. in general terms, the sample surveyed possessed a relatively good standard of living. results indicated that health services were utilized by the population, and that domestic medicine, mainly plants (96.9%) was used by 15% of the population. one hundred and nineteen plants used for medicinal purposes were collected, of which 102 (85.7%) could be identified; a list of these together with the information ... | 1991 | 1795521 |
| neurobehavioral study of the effect of beta-myrcene on rodents. | tea prepared from lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus) is used for its supposed anxiolytic, hypnotic and analgesic properties in brazilian folk medicine. beta-myrcene, a major constituent of lemongrass, produces analgesia in rodents but there is some controversy about whether this action is central or peripheral or both. rats and mice received beta-myrcene, 1 g/kg po in corn oil, or corn oil alone 1 h before being evaluated for a series of responses which included exploratory and emotional behavior, ... | 1991 | 1797273 |
| evaluation of the mutagenicity of beta-myrcene in mammalian cells in vitro. | the genotoxicity of the terpene beta-myrcene was evaluated in mammalian cells in vitro. myrcene is the major constituent of oil of bay and hop which are used in the manufacture of alcoholic beverages. myrcene is also present in lemon grass (cymbopogon citratus), a plant widely used in brazilian folk medicine. recently, it was shown that myrcene is a very potent analgesic substance and might be an alternative to the already available analgesic drugs. myrcene was tested up to 1,000 micrograms/ml ( ... | 1991 | 1864266 |
| metabolism of citral, an alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde, in male f344 rats. | citral is a naturally occurring aliphatic aldehyde of the terpene series and is an isomeric mixture of geranial and neral. it is the main component (approximately 80%) of lemongrass oil, which is found in all citrus fruits and used extensively in the food, cosmetic, and detergent industries. in this study, urinary metabolites of citral in male f344 rats were characterized and identified by comparison with synthetic standards of known stereochemistry. stereospecific oxidation of citral at the c-8 ... | 1990 | 1981530 |
| pharmacology of lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus stapf). iii. assessment of eventual toxic, hypnotic and anxiolytic effects on humans. | a herbal tea (called an abafado in brazil) prepared from the dried leaves of lemongrass was administered to healthy volunteers. following a single dose or 2 weeks of daily oral administration, the abafado produced no changes in serum glucose, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides, lipids, total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, got, gpt, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin, ldh and cpk. urine analysis (proteins, glucose, ketones, bilirubins, occult blood and urobilinogen) as well as ... | 1986 | 2429120 |
| pharmacological study of cymbopogon citratus leaves. | cymbopogon citratus leaves are employed by the cuban population as an antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory folk medicine. a 10% or 20% decoction of leaves was tested using arterial pressure in rats, urine production and carrageenan-induced edema in rats. the decoction showed some dose-related hypotensive effects given intravenously and some weak diuretic and anti-inflammatory effect when given orally. | 1989 | 2716341 |
| in vitro studies on the antibacterial activity of phenoxyethanol in combination with lemon grass oil. | lemon grass oil (lgo) has been reported to possess appreciable antibacterial activity especially against grampositive bacteria. the effect of lgo on the antibacterial activity of phenoxyethanol was studied using mic, growth inhibition, diffusion tests and bactericidal activity studies. results showed appreciable increase in the activity of phenoxyethanol against escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus when combined with 0.03% v/v lgo but not against pseudomonas aeruginosa. the results show th ... | 1988 | 3287398 |
| effects of lemongrass oil on the morphological characteristics and peptidoglycan synthesis of escherichia coli cells. | the antibacterial effect of lemongrass oil, obtained from the aerial part of cymbopogon citratus, on cells of escherichia coli was investigated by electron microscopy and by measuring cell wall formation. two strains of e. coli k-12 were used, one of which required diaminopimelic acid in the growth medium for its murein formation. lemongrass oil was found to elicit morphological changes like filamentation, inhibition of septum formation, spheroplast formation, production of 'blisters', 'bulges' ... | 1987 | 3299005 |
| pharmacology of lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus stapf). i. effects of teas prepared from the leaves on laboratory animals. | cymbopogon citratus is one of the most used plants in brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of nervous and gastrointestinal disturbances. it is also used in many other places to treat feverish conditions. the usual way to use it is by ingesting an infusion made by pouring boiling water on fresh or dried leaves (which is called "abafado" in portuguese). abafados obtained from lemongrass harvested in three different areas of brazil (ceará, minas gerais and são paulo states) were tested on rats ... | 1986 | 3762195 |
| pharmacology of lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus stapf). ii. effects of daily two month administration in male and female rats and in offspring exposed "in utero". | an infusion (abafado) prepared from leaves of lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus stapf) administered orally to adult rats for 2 months, in doses up to 20 times larger than the estimated corresponding human dosage, did not induce any effect which could be taken as evidence of toxicity. an absence of effects was also noted in male and female rats and in their offspring when the abafado was administered prior to mating or during pregnancy. these data strongly suggest that lemongrass, as used in brazil ... | 1986 | 3762196 |
| antibacterial constituents in the essential oil of cymbopogon citratus (dc.) stapf. | cymbopogon citratus (dc.) stapf., commonly known as lemon grass and used, over many years, for medicinal purposes in west africa, produces a volatile oil on steam extraction of its leaves. the antibacterial properties of the essential oil have been studied. these activities are shown in two of the three main components of the oil identified through chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods. while the alpha-citral (geranial) and beta-citral (neral) components individually elicit antibacteria ... | 1984 | 6442749 |
| antimutagenicity of lemon grass (cymbopogon citratus stapf) to various known mutagens in salmonella mutation assay. | lemon grass (cymbopogon citratus stapf) was extracted with 80% ethanol. the extract was not found to be mutagenic in the salmonella mutation test with or without metabolic activation. however, the extract was found to possess antimutagenic properties towards chemical-induced mutation in salmonella typhimurium strains ta98 and ta100. mutagenicity of afb1, trp-p-1, trp-p-2, glu-p-1, glu-p-2, iq, mnng and af-2, was inhibited by the extract of lemon grass in a dose-dependent manner, but no effect wa ... | 1994 | 7523944 |
| characterization of resistance to essential oils in a strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa (vr-6). | vr-6, a strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa, harboured a plasmid and was not inhibited by 20 microliters ml-1 of essential oils (eucalyptus, lemongrass, palmarosa, and peppermint). on treatment with acridine orange, a clone vr-6-ao-1 was obtained which was susceptible to 16.6 microliters ml-1 of eucalyptus or palmarosa oil. the plasmid dna content of this clone was similar to the parent strain. | 1995 | 7731390 |
| in vitro antifungal activity of essential oils obtained from officinal plants against dermatophytes. | thirteen essential oils were isolated from officinal plants and tested in vitro against dermatophyte strains isolated from patients with dermatophytosis. of the tested oils, those obtained from cinnamomum zeylanicum, ocimum gratissimum, cymbopogon citratus, eugenia uniflora and alpinia speciosa were found to be the most active, inhibiting 80% of the dermatophyte strains tested and producing inhibition zones more than 10 mm in diameter. | 1993 | 8015567 |
| evaluation of some essential oils for their toxicity against fungi causing deterioration of stored food commodities. | during screening of essential oils for their antifungal activities against aspergillus flavus, the essential oil of cymbopogon citratus was found to exhibit fungitoxicity. the mic of the oil was found to be 1,000 ppm, at which it showed its fungistatic nature, wide fungitoxic spectrum, nonphytotoxic nature, and superiority over synthetic fungicides, i.e., agrosan g. n., thiride, ceresan, dithane m-45, agrozim, bavistin, emison, thiovit, wettable sulfur, and copper oxychloride. the fungitoxic pot ... | 1994 | 8017906 |
| absence of genotoxic activity of beta-myrcene in the in vivo cytogenetic bone marrow assay. | beta-myrcene (myr, 7-methyl-3-methylene-1,6 octadiene) is a peripheral analgesic substance and one of the major constituents of lemongrass oil (cymbopogon citratus, stapf), a plant widely used in brazilian folk medicine. in the present study the genotoxicity of myr was evaluated in vivo using the rat bone marrow cytogenetic assay. male and female wistar rats weighing 250 g (223 to 286 g) and 178 g (168 to 186 g), respectively, were used. two or four rats of either sex were treated orally with my ... | 1993 | 8220273 |
| fungitoxicity of essential oils against dermatophytes. | sixteen essential oils were screened in vitro for their fungitoxicity against the two dermatophytes trichophyton rubrum and microsporum gypseum. five oils (from artemisia nelagrica, caesulia axillaris, chenopodium ambrosioides, cymbopogon citratus and mentha arvensis) showed strong activity and were assessed for their fungitoxicity against eight other dermatophytes as well as against aspergillus fumigatus and cladosporium trichoides. these five essential oils by formulation of ointments were abl ... | 1993 | 8264720 |
| peri- and postnatal developmental toxicity of beta-myrcene in the rat. | beta-myrcene (myr) and essential oils containing this monoterpene have been widely used as scenting agents in cosmetics, detergents, soaps, and as flavouring additives in food and beverages. recently, myr was reported to be an analgesic substance and the active principle of lemongrass tea. despite the importance of human exposure to myr, its toxicological profile has not been comprehensively studied. the aim of this study was to provide data on the peri- and postnatal developmental toxicity of t ... | 1993 | 8406238 |
| screening of medicinal plants for induction of somatic segregation activity in aspergillus nidulans. | knowledge about mutagenic properties of plants commonly used in traditional medicine is limited. a screening for genotoxic activity was carried out in aqueous or alcoholic extracts prepared from 13 medicinal plants widely used as folk medicine in cuba: lepidium virginicum l. (brassicaceae): plantago major l. and plantago lanceolata l. (plantaginaceae); ortosiphon aristatus blume, mentha x piperita l., melissa officinalis l. and plectranthus amboinicus (lour.) spreng. (lamiaceae); cymbopogon citr ... | 1996 | 8771452 |
| effect of essential oils on the viability and morphology of escherichia coli (sp-11). | the four essential oils (aromatic plant products) from palmarosa (pm), lemongrass (lg), peppermint (pt) and eucalyptus (eu) plants were found to be bactericidal to escherichia coli strain sp-11, at a concentration of 1.66 (pm, lg and eu) or 2.5 (pt) microl ml-1. this effect was observed both at 37 degrees c and 4 degrees c and was not prevented by immediate tenfold dilution or by the presence of 0.5 m sucrose. pm and pt but not lg or eu induced the formation of elongated filamentous forms, some ... | 1995 | 8820244 |
| antibacterial and antifungal activity of ten essential oils in vitro. | the essential oils of aegle, ageratum, citronella, eucalyptus, geranium, lemongrass, orange, palmarosa, patchouli and peppermint, were tested for antibacterial activity against 22 bacteria, including gram-positive cocci and rods and gram-negative rods, and twelve fungi (3 yeast-like and 9 filamentous) by the disc diffusion method. lemongrass, eucalyptus, peppermint and orange oils were effective against all the 22 bacterial strains. aegle and palmarosa oils inhibited 21 bacteria; patchouli and a ... | 1996 | 8893526 |
| microcalorimetric and electron microscopic investigation on the effects of essential oil from cymbopogon densiflorus on staphylococcus aureus. | microcalorimetry, optical density measurements and electron microscopy, were used to assess the influence of various amounts of the essential oil of cymbopogon densiflorus (lemongrass oil) on the metabolic activity, growth and morphology of staphylococcus aureus. relatively high concentrations of the oil impaired staphylococcal growth in a bacteriostatic manner (chloramphenicol type), and in low doses metabolism became ineffective due to energy losses in the form of heat. ultrastructural data re ... | 1996 | 9121380 |
| inhibitory effects of lemon grass (cymbopogon citratus stapf) on formation of azoxymethane-induced dna adducts and aberrant crypt foci in the rat colon. | the 80%-ethanol extract of lemon grass (cymbopogon citratus stapf), a medicinal plant in thailand, has been reported to be antimutagenic against various known mutagens in the salmonella mutation assay. to investigate chemoprevention in an animal carcinogenesis model, we examined inhibitory effects of the lemon grass extract on the formation of azoxymethane (aom)-induced dna adducts and aberrant crypt foci (acf) in the rat colon. one week after the start of the treatment with lemon grass extract ... | 1997 | 9163680 |
| mitotic effects of the aqueous leaf extract of cymbopogon citratus in allium cepa root tips. | aqueous extracts of the lemon grass, cymbopogon citratus, were used to clear the malaria parasite in infected mice, although they died some days later. allium cepa roots grown in aqueous extracts from 3, 6, 12 and 20 g of chopped leaves for 1, 3, and 6 h, showed some mitotic abnormalities including c-mitotic and mitodepressive effects. the abnormalities were not peculiar to any concentration or duration of extract treatment. the highest frequency of affected cells was 0.75% in the treatment with ... | 1996 | 9172394 |
| in vitro inhibition of cyp2b1 monooxygenase by beta-myrcene and other monoterpenoid compounds. | beta-myrcene (myr) is an acyclic monoterpene found in the essential oils of several useful plants such as lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus), hop, bay, verbena and others. recently it has been reported that myr as well as lemongrass oil blocked the metabolic activation of some promutagens (e.g., cyclophosphamide and aflatoxin b1) in in vitro genotoxicity assays. the present study was performed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of myr and some other monoterpenoid compounds on microsomal enzymes in ... | 1997 | 9242356 |
| induction of liver monooxygenases by beta-myrcene. | beta-myrcene (myr) is an acyclic monoterpene found in the essential oils of a variety of useful plants such as lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus), hop, verbena, bay and others. myr and essential oils containing this olefinic monoterpene are widely used as flavoring food additives, as fragrances in cosmetics and as scents in household products. the present study was undertaken to investigate the induction of liver monooxygenases by myr. female wistar rats were treated by gavage with myr (1000 mg/kg ... | 1997 | 9458003 |
| study of the effects of beta-myrcene on rat fertility and general reproductive performance. | beta-myrcene (myr) is a monoterpene found in the oils of a variety of aromatic plants including lemongrass, verbena, hop, bay, and others. myr and essential oils containing this terpenoid compound are used in cosmetics, household products, and as flavoring food additives. this study was undertaken on investigate the effects of myr on fertility and general reproductive performance in the rat. myr (0, 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg) in peanut oil was given by gavage to male wistar rats (15 per dose group) ... | 1998 | 9698761 |
| antisporulating and respiration-inhibitory effects of essential oils on filamentous fungi. | sporulation of four species of filamentous fungi, namely aspergillus fumigatus, fusarium solani, penicillium expansum and rhizopus oryzae, was suppressed by gaseous contact with citron, lavender and thyme oils and, to a lesser extent, by that of perilla and tea tree oils. lemongrass and cinnamon bark oils were scarcely active. the antisporulating effect of the essential oils was not observed when they were applied as a solution, indicating that their vapours were the active form. moreover, expos ... | 1998 | 9916464 |
| in vitro evaluation of inhibitory nature of extracts of 18-plant species of chhindwara against 3-keratinophilic fungi. | effect of extract of 18 plant species, viz., acorus calamus, adhatoda vasica, amomum subulatum, andrographis paniculata, boerhaavia diffusa, cassia occidentalis, centella asiatica, cymbopogon citratus, hemidesmus indicus, hyptis suaveolens, malvestrum sp., passiflora edulis, pergularia daemia, peristrophe bicalyculata, shuteria hirsuta, solanum nigrum, tecoma stans, and verbascum chinense on the growth of microsporum gypseum, chrysosporium tropicum and trichophyton terrestre was evaluated and di ... | 1997 | 10386016 |
| antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. | the antimicrobial activity of plant oils and extracts has been recognized for many years. however, few investigations have compared large numbers of oils and extracts using methods that are directly comparable. in the present study, 52 plant oils and extracts were investigated for activity against acinetobacter baumanii, aeromonas veronii biogroup sobria, candida albicans, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia col, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica s ... | 1999 | 10438227 |
| aflatoxin-albumin adduct formation after single and multiple doses of aflatoxin b(1) in rats treated with thai medicinal plants. | the objective was to conduct an assessment of the ability of two thai medicinal plants, cymbopogon citratus stapf and murdannia loriformis, to modulate levels of serum aflatoxin-albumin (af-albumin) adducts following aflatoxin b(1) (afb(1)) exposure in rats. the influence of the plant extracts on af-albumin adduct formation after a single exposure to 250 microg/kg body weight (bw) afb(1) was measured over a 48-h period. rats received m. loriformis extract (3 g/kg bw) or c. citratus stapf extract ... | 1999 | 10518006 |
| inhibitory effect of essential oils on apical growth of aspergillus fumigatus by vapour contact. | the inhibitory effect of seven essential oils on the apical growth of hyphae of aspergillus fumigatus was studied using a bio cell tracer by vapour contact in a sealed vessel. based on the inhibitory pattern, these essential oils were classified into three groups. the first group, composed of citron, lavender and tea tree oils, stopped the apical growth in a loading dose of 63 micrograms ml-1 air, but allowed the regrowth of the hyphae after removal of the vapour, indicating fungistatic action. ... | 2000 | 10838841 |
| local plants as repellents against anopheles arabiensis, in mpumalanga province, south africa. | to assess the repellency effect of three local plants; fever tea (lippia javanica), rose geranium (pelargonium reniforme) and lemon grass (cymbopogon excavatus) against laboratory reared anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes. | 2000 | 11317593 |
| antibacterial activity of essential oils and their major constituents against respiratory tract pathogens by gaseous contact. | the antibacterial activity of 14 essential oils and their major constituents in the gaseous state was evaluated against haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes and staphylococcus aureus. for most essential oils examined, h. influenzae was most susceptible, followed by s. pneumoniae and s. pyogenes, and then s. aureus. penicillin-susceptible and -resistant s. pneumoniae were comparable in susceptibility. escherichia coli, which was used as a control, showed least ... | 2001 | 11328766 |
| changes in essential oil during enzyme-assisted ensiling of lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus stapf.) and lemon eucalyptus (eucalyptus citriodora hook). | changes in essential oil during ensiling of lemongrass and lemon eucalyptus were studied. wilted lemongrass and eucalyptus leaves were ensiled in 0.25-l anaerobic jars. samples consisted of a control (no additives) and a treated sample (0.5% glucose and lactic acid bacteria and 1% cellulase plus 1% hemicellulase plus pectinase). three jars per treatment were sampled on days 2, 6, 10, and 36 for analysis of essential oil. essential oil was obtained by extraction and by hydrodistillation. extracti ... | 2001 | 11368586 |
| in-vitro and in-vivo anti-trichophyton activity of essential oils by vapour contact. | the minimum inhibitory doses (mids) of essential oils by vapour contact to inhibit the growth of trichophyton mentagrophytes and trichophyton rubrum on agar medium were determined using airtight boxes. among seven essential oils examined, cinnamon bark oil showed the least mid, followed by lemongrass, thyme and perilla oils. lavender and tea tree oils showed moderate mid, and citron oil showed the highest mid, being 320 times higher than that of cinnamon bark oil. the mid values were less than t ... | 2001 | 11413931 |
| effect of the cymbopogon citratus, maytenus ilicifolia and baccharis genistelloides extracts against the stannous chloride oxidative damage in escherichia coli. | stannous ion has been used in different sectors of human interest, such as in food industry and in health sciences. much is known about stannous chloride (sncl(2)) toxicity, although, there is no general agreement regarding its genotoxicity. cymbopogon citratus, maytenus ilicifolia and baccharis genistelloides extracts have been used in popular medicine. we evaluated the influence of these crude extracts on the survival of the escherichia coli wild type (ab 1157) strain submitted to sncl(2) trea ... | 2001 | 11551478 |
| comparative study of the assay of artemia salina l. and the estimate of the medium lethal dose (ld50 value) in mice, to determine oral acute toxicity of plant extracts. | artemia salina l. (artemiidae), the brine shrimp larva, is an invertebrate used in the alternative test to determine toxicity of chemical and natural products. in this study the medium lethal concentrations (lc50 value) of 20 plant extracts, aloe vera (l.) burm. f. (aloeaceae), artemisia absinthium l. (asteraceae); citrus aurantium l. (rutaceae); cymbopogon citratus (dc. ex nees) stapf (poaceae); datura stramonium l. (solanaceae); justicia pectoralis jacq. (acanthaceae); musa x paradisiaca l. (m ... | 2001 | 11695884 |
| correlation between chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils of some aromatic medicinal plants growing in the democratic republic of congo. | the chemical composition of essential oils from 15 aromatic medicinal plant species growing in the democratic republic of congo have been studied. more than 15 constituents in an amount higher than 0.1% were identified in each essential oil. 1,8-cineole, alpha and beta-pinene, p-cymene, myrcene, gamma-terpinene, alpha-terpineol and limonene were prevalent constituents in almost more than 10 selected plant species. results from the antibacterial testing by the diffusion method indicate that all e ... | 2002 | 11801384 |
| screening of the antibacterial effects of a variety of essential oils on respiratory tract pathogens, using a modified dilution assay method. | the purpose of this study was to examine the antibacterial effects of a wide variety of essential oils on major respiratory tract pathogens. the antibacterial activity of 14 essential oils and their major components was evaluated by agar-plate dilution assay under sealed conditions, with agar used as a stabilizer for homogeneous dispersion. of the selected strains of four major bacteria causing respiratory tract infection, haemophilus influenzae was most susceptible to the essential oils, follow ... | 2001 | 11810593 |
| antimicrobial effect of essential oils on the seafood spoilage micro-organism photobacterium phosphoreum in liquid media and fish products. | to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of nine essential oils (eo) on p. phosphoreum and determine the effect of oregano oil on the shelf-life of modified atmosphere-packed (map) cod fillets. | 2002 | 11849488 |
| inhibitory effects of lemon grass (cymbopogon citratus, stapf) extract on the early phase of hepatocarcinogenesis after initiation with diethylnitrosamine in male fischer 344 rats. | effects of lemon grass extract (lge) on hepatocarcinogenesis were examined in male fischer 344 rats, administered diethylnitrosamine (den) at three weekly intraperitoneal doses of 100 mg/kg body weight and partially hepatectomized at the end of week 5. lge was given at dietary concentrations of 0, 0.2, 0.6 or 1.8% from the end of week 4 for 10 weeks. all rats were sacrificed at the end of week 14. lge reduced the number of putatively preneoplastic, glutathione s-transferase placental form-positi ... | 2002 | 12049809 |
| bactericidal activities of plant essential oils and some of their isolated constituents against campylobacter jejuni, escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella enterica. | an improved method of sample preparation was used in a microplate assay to evaluate the bactericidal activity levels of 96 essential oils and 23 oil compounds against campylobacter jejuni, escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella enterica obtained from food and clinical sources. bactericidal activity (ba50) was defined as the percentage of the sample in the assay mixture that resulted in a 50% decrease in cfu relative to a buffer control. twenty-seven oils and 12 compound ... | 2002 | 12380738 |
| polyphenol-enriched extract of oil palm fronds (elaeis guineensis) promotes vascular relaxation via endothelium-dependent mechanisms. | plant-based polyphenolic compounds have been reported to possess cardiovascular health benefits. several dietary sources, including herbs and spices, fruits and vegetables, and tea and wine, contain an array of biologically active compounds that have been shown to be effective in retarding oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (ldl) and promoting vascular relaxation. in the present study four different plant sources, both edible and non-edible, were evaluated for potential activity. organic extr ... | 2002 | 12492636 |
| a phase ii detoxification enzyme inducer from lemongrass: identification of citral and involvement of electrophilic reaction in the enzyme induction. | we have developed a simple system for the sensitive detection and measurement of glutathione s-transferase (gst) activity that detoxifies polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using the cultured rat normal liver epithelial cell line, rl34 cells. citral (3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal) was isolated from the methanol extract of lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus) and identified as a novel inducer of gst. citral, a mixture of the two stereoisomers geranial and neral, dose- and time-dependently induced the tot ... | 2003 | 12615076 |
| antifungal activity of essential oils evaluated by two different application techniques against rye bread spoilage fungi. | to study how antifungal activity of natural essential oils depends on the assay method used. | 2003 | 12631202 |
| antifungal activity of volatile compounds generated by essential oils against fungi commonly causing deterioration of bakery products. | to investigate the volatile fractions of 16 essential oils for activity against the more common fungi causing spoilage of bakery products, eurotium amstelodami, e. herbariorum, e. repens, e. rubrum, aspergillus flavus, a. niger and penicillium corylophilum. | 2003 | 12694455 |
| chemistry and biological significance of essential oils of cymbopogon citratus from pakistan. | steam distilled oil of cymbopogon citratus was analyzed by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) and citral was found as major constituent. the oil exhibited significant inhibition of beta-glucuronidase activity and also showed activities against some tested human, plant and animal pathogens. the minimum inhibitory concentrations could not be determined due to the lack of some chemicals. | 2003 | 12737398 |
| ntp carcinogenesis studies of food grade geranyl acetate (71% geranyl acetate, 29% citronellyl acetate) (cas no. 105-87-3) in f344/n rats and b6c3f1 mice (gavage study). | geranyl acetate (3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene-1-ol acetate) is a colorless liquid prepared by fractional distillation of selected essential oils or by acetylation of geraniol. it is a natural constituent of more than 60 essential oils, including ceylon citronella, palmarosa, lemon grass, petit grain, neroli bigarade, geranium, coriander, carrot, and sassafras. geranyl acetate is used primarily as a component of perfumes for creams and soaps and as a flavoring ingredient. on the u.s. food and drug ... | 1987 | 12748693 |
| antimicrobial activity of essential oils against helicobacter pylori. | helicobacter pylori is an important pathogen responsible for gastroduodenal diseases in humans. although the eradication of h. pylori using antibiotics often improves gastroduodenal diseases, resistance to the antibiotics is emerging. | 2003 | 12752733 |
| fungicidal and anti-aflatoxigenic effects of the essential oil of cymbopogon citratus (dc.) stapf. (lemongrass) against aspergillus flavus link. isolated from stored rice. | to develop a natural fungicide against aflatoxigenic fungi, to protect stored rice, using the essential oil of lemongrass. | 2003 | 12803563 |
| the inhibitory effect of essential oils on herpes simplex virus type-1 replication in vitro. | the antiviral effect of 12 essential oils on herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv-1) replication was examined in vitro. the replication ability of hsv-1 was suppressed by incubation of hsv-1 with 1% essential oils at 4 c for 24 hr. especially, lemongrass completely inhibited the viral replication even at a concentration of 0.1%, and its antiviral activity was dependent on the concentrations of the essential oil. when vero cells were treated with the essential oil before or after viral adsorption, no ... | 2003 | 14584615 |
| [anti-candida albicans activity of essential oils including lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus) oil and its component, citral]. | the effects of 12 essential oils, popularly used as antifungal treatments in aromatherapy, on growth of candida albicans were investigated. mycelial growth of c. albicans, which is known to give the fungus the capacity to invade mucosal tissues, was inhibited in the medium containing 100 micro g/ml of the oils: lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus), thyme (thymus vulgaris), patchouli (pogostemon cablin) and cedarwood (cedrus atlantica). not only lemongrass oil but also citral, a major component of le ... | 2003 | 14615795 |
| inhibitory effect of cinnamon, clove, lemongrass, oregano and palmarose essential oils on growth and fumonisin b1 production by fusarium proliferatum in maize grain. | the effect of cinnamon, clove, oregano, palmarose and lemongrass oils on growth and fb1 production by three different isolates of f. proliferatum in irradiated maize grain at 0.995 and 0.950 aw and at 20 and 30 degrees c was evaluated. the five essential oils inhibited growth of f. proliferatum isolates at 0.995 aw at both temperatures, while at 0.950 aw only cinnamon, clove and oregano oils were effective in inhibiting growth of f. proliferatum at 20 degrees c and none of them at 30 degrees c. ... | 2003 | 14623380 |
| botanical insecticides for controlling agricultural pests: piperamides and the colorado potato beetle leptinotarsa decemlineata say (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). | the efficacy of extracts from two piperaceae species, piper nigrum l. and p. tuberculatum jacq. were evaluated using larvae and adults of the colorado potato beetle leptinotarsa decemlineata (say). young larvae and neonates were the most susceptible; a 24-h ld(50) of 0.064% extract of p. tuberculatum was determined for 4-day-old larvae, while 0.05% extract of p. nigrum reduced larval survival up to 70% within one week after treatment of potato solanum tuberosum l. (solanaceae) plants. when an in ... | 2003 | 14635182 |
| suppression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced neutrophil adherence responses by essential oils. | in aromatherapy, essential oils are used as anti-inflammatory remedies, but experimental studies on their action mechanisms are very limited. | 2003 | 14668091 |
| impact of essential oils on growth rate, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol production by fusarium graminearum under different temperature and water activity conditions in maize grain. | the effect of five essential oils (oregano, cinnamon, lemongrass, clove and palmarose) on growth rate, zearalenone (zea) and deoxynivalenol (don) production by fusarium graminearum strains was assessed. | 2004 | 15012810 |
| vasorelaxation induced by common edible tropical plant extracts in isolated rat aorta and mesenteric vascular bed. | in this study, the vasodilatory actions of nine edible tropical plant extracts were investigated. ipomoea batatas (sweet potato leaf), piper betle (betel leaf), anacardium occidentale (cashew leaf), gynandropsis gynandra (maman leaf), carica papaya (papaya leaf), and mentha arvensis (mint leaf) extracts exhibited more than 50% relaxing effect on aortic ring preparations, while piper betle and cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass stalk) showed comparable vasorelaxation on isolated perfused mesenteric ... | 2004 | 15138017 |
| [fennel tea: risk assessment of the phytogenic monosubstance estragole in comparison to the natural multicomponent mixture]. | for centuries, fennel fruits have been used as traditional herbal medicine in europe and china. for the treatment of infants and sucklings suffering from dyspeptic disorders, fennel tea is the drug of first choice. its administration as a carminativum is practiced in infant care in private homes and in maternity clinics as well where it is highly appreciated for its mild flavor and good tolerance. the long standing positive experience is astonishingly contrasted by a recent statement of the germ ... | 2004 | 15138375 |
| suppression of neutrophil recruitment in mice by geranium essential oil. | in aromatherapy, essential oils are used as anti-inflammatory remedies, but experimental studies on their action mechanisms are very limited. | 2004 | 15203560 |
| inactivation of colletotrichum gloeosporioides spores by high hydrostatic pressure combined with citral or lemongrass essential oil. | anthracnose, caused by the fungus colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is the main post-harvest disease of the papaya. inactivation of the spores of c. gloeosporioides in saline solution by the use of high hydrostatic pressure, citral oil and lemongrass oil, alone and in combination, was studied. c. gloeosporioides spores were efficiently inhibited after a pressure treatment of 350 mpa for 30 min. when c. gloeosporioides was treated with 0.75 mg ml(-1) of citral or lemongrass oil, the pressure needed ... | 2004 | 15240075 |
| evaluation of five essential oils from aromatic plants of cameroon for controlling food spoilage and mycotoxin producing fungi. | five essential oils (eo) extracted from cymbopogon citratus, monodora myristica, ocimum gratissimum, thymus vulgaris and zingiber officinale were investigated for their inhibitory effect against three food spoilage and mycotoxin producing fungi, fusarium moniliforme, aspergillus flavus and aspergillus fumigatus. five strains of each fungus were tested. the agar dilution technique was used to determine the inhibitory effect of each eo on the radial growth of the fungus, and a dose response was re ... | 2004 | 15246244 |
| antibacterial activities of plant essential oils and their components against escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica in apple juice. | we evaluated 17 plant essential oils and nine oil compounds for antibacterial activity against the foodborne pathogens escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica in apple juices in a bactericidal assay in terms of % of the sample that resulted in a 50% decrease in the number of bacteria (ba(50)). the 10 compounds most active against e. coli (60 min ba(50) range in clear juice, 0.018-0.093%) were carvacrol, oregano oil, geraniol, eugenol, cinnamon leaf oil, citral, clove bud oil, lemongrass ... | 2004 | 15366861 |
| nutrient composition and antimicrobial activity of sorrel drinks (soborodo). | aqueous extracts (1,200 ml) of roselle calyx (40 g), fortified with either orange juice or pineapple juice as sweetener and lemon grass as flavorant (sorrel drink), were analyzed with regard to their mineral composition (na, fe, zn, cu, pb, mn, and ca), vitamin c content, and sensory evaluation. while the medicinal potentials were determined with respect to their inhibitory effect on the growth of bacillus sp., pseudomonas aeruginosa, lactobacillus sp., and corynebacterium sp. the results reveal ... | 2004 | 15383229 |
| lippia alba, melissa officinalis and cymbopogon citratus: effects of the aqueous extracts on the isolated hearts of rats. | 1. this research was developed to evaluate the actions of the aqueous extracts of leaves of lippia alba, melissa officinalis and cymbopogon citratus upon contractile force (cf) and cardiac rate (cr). 2. for the experiments in isolated heart, 21 male adult rats were used. the hearts were perfused according to langendorff's method. the records of cf and cr were obtained in control and after application of the extracts. the extracts were utilized in doses: 0.038, 0.38, 3.8 and 38 mg. results obtain ... | 2004 | 15458767 |
| five essential oils from aromatic plants of cameroon: their antibacterial activity and ability to permeabilize the cytoplasmic membrane of listeria innocua examined by flow cytometry. | to investigate the antibacterial effect of five essential oils (eo) extracted from aromatic plants (cymbopogon citratus, ocimumbasilicum, ocimum gratissimum, thymus vulgaris and zingiber officinale) of cameroon against strains of listeria monocytogenes, l. innocua and staphylococcus aureus. the ability of selected eo to permeabilize the cytoplasmic membrane of l. innocua was also examined. | 2004 | 15482428 |
| effect of essential oils on the growth of fusarium verticillioides and fumonisin contamination in corn. | essential oils extracted by hydrodistillation from local plants in benin, western africa, and oil from seeds of the neem tree (azadirachta indica) were evaluated in vitro and in vivo for their efficacy against fusarium verticillioides infection and fumonisin contamination. fumonisin in corn was quantified using a fluorometer and the vicam method. oils from cymbopogon citratus, ocimum basilicum, and ocimum gratissimum were the most effective in vitro, completely inhibiting the growth of f. vertic ... | 2004 | 15506822 |
| larvicidal activity of essential oils from brazilian plants against aedes aegypti l. | aedes aegypti l. is the major vector of dengue fever, an endemic disease in brazil. in an effort to find effective and affordable ways to control this mosquito, the larvicidal activities of essential oils from nine plants widely found in the northeast of brazil were analyzed by measurement of their lc50. the essential oils were extracted by steam distillation and their chemical composition determined by gl-chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy. the essential oils from cymbopogon citratus a ... | 2004 | 15543421 |
| in vivo antimalarial activity of essential oils from cymbopogon citratus and ocimum gratissimum on mice infected with plasmodium berghei. | the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from fresh leaves of cymbopogon citratus and ocimum gratissimum growing in cameroon were analyzed by gc and gc/ms. the main constituents of the oil of ocimum gratissimum were gamma-terpinene (21.9 %), beta-phellandrene (21.1 %), limonene (11.4 %) and thymol (11.2 %), while the oil of cymbopogon citratus contained geranial (32.8 %), neral (29.0 %), myrcene (16.2 %) and beta-pinene (10.5 %). the effects of these oils on the growth of plasmodium berg ... | 2005 | 15678368 |
| the use of powder and essential oil of cymbopogon citratus against mould deterioration and aflatoxin contamination of "egusi" melon seeds. | experiments were carried out to determine the potential of using the powder and essential oil from dried ground leaves of cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass) to control storage deterioration and aflatoxin contamination of melon seeds. four mould species: aspergillus flavus, a. niger, a. tamarii and penicillium citrinum were inoculated in the form of conidia suspension (approx. 10(6) conidia per ml) unto shelled melon seeds. the powdered dry leaves and essential oil from lemon grass were mixed with ... | 2005 | 15678559 |
| antibacterial properties of essential oils from thai medicinal plants. | by using disc diffusion assay, the antimicrobial activity of 32 essential oil samples extracted from local plants or plants cultivated in thailand was evaluated against zoonotic enteropathogens including salmonella spp., escherichai coli o157, campylobacter jejunii and clostridium perferingens which are important for broiler export. out of the essential oil tested, only the essential oil of zingiber cassumuna, cinnamomum bejolghota, mentha arvensis var. piperacens, cymbopogon citratus and ocimum ... | 2005 | 15752638 |
| free radical scavengers and antioxidants from lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus (dc.) stapf.). | methanol, meoh/water extracts, infusion, and decoction of cymbopogon citratus were assessed for free radical scavenging effects measured by the bleaching of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (dpph) radical, scavenging of the superoxide anion, and inhibition of the enzyme xanthine oxidase (xo) and lipid peroxidation in human erythrocytes. the extracts presented effect in the dpph and superoxide anion assay, with values ranging between 40 and 68% and 15-32% at 33 and 50 microg/ml, respectively, i ... | 2005 | 15796587 |
| citral is a new inducer of caspase-3 in tumor cell lines. | citral, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-al, a key component of the lemon-scented essential oils extracted from several herbal plants such as lemon grass (cymbopogon citratus), melissa (melissa officinalis), verbena (verbena officinalis) is used as a food additive and as a fragrance in cosmetics. in this study, we investigated the anti-cancer potential of citral and its mode of action. concentrations of 44.5 mum, comparable to the concentration of citral in a cup of tea prepared from 1 g of lemon gra ... | 2005 | 15931590 |
| comparative screening of plant essential oils: phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity. | essential oils extracted from different plants (anthemis nobilis l., artemisia dracunculus l., cannabis sativa l., cupressus sempervirens l., cymbopogon citratus (dc.) stapf., curcuma longa l., foeniculum vulgare l., hypericum perforatum l., hyssopus officinalis l., mentha spicata l., monarda didyma l., ocimum basilicum l., ocotea quixos kosterm., origanum vulgare l., pinus nigra j.f. arnold, pinus silvestris l., piper crassinervium kunth., rosmarinus officinalis l., salvia officinalis l., salvi ... | 2006 | 16274702 |
| [alcoholic extract of lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus) on the control of boophilus microplus in cattle]. | the objective of this study was to determine the effect of lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus) alcoholic extracts on the control of boophilus microplus in naturally infested holstein cows. twelve animals were allocated in three groups of four animals. group 1 was treated with amitraz at 0.025%, group 2 was treated with lemongrass extracts at 1.36% and group 3 with the same product at 2.72% of the plant. engorged ticks were evaluated on animals with length superior to 4.0 mm, before (mean of days -3 ... | 2006 | 16647001 |
| citral, a component of lemongrass oil inhibits the clastogenic effect of nickel chloride in mouse micronucleus test system. | citral is a major component of cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass oil). the aqueous suspension of citral (60 mg/kg body weight, per oral) treated for one week was tested for the anti-clastogenic effect using mouse micronucleus test system. a known mutagen nickel (nickel chloride-10 mg/kg, b.w. intra-peritoneal) was used to induce the nuclear damage measured in polychromatic erythrocytes and normochromatic erythrocytes. the frequency of the micronucleated erythrocytes were studied in peripheral bloo ... | 2006 | 16751120 |
| usefulness of the sos chromotest in the study of medicinal plants as radioprotectors. | the aim of this work is to investigate the usefulness of a modified protocol of the sos chromotest to detect antigenotoxicity activities against gamma-rays of plant extracts with proven antioxidant activity, and to elucidate the antigenotoxic mechanisms involved in radioprotection using this system. | 2006 | 16782649 |
| in vitro efficacy of 75 essential oils against aspergillus niger. | aspergillus niger is an opportunistic human pathogen and a strong air pollutant. a study was conducted with 75 different essential oils for the inhibition of hyphal growth and spore formation in aspergillus niger. cinnamomum zeylanicum (bark), cinnamomum zeylanicum (leaf), cinnamomum cassia, syzygium aromaticum and cymbopogon citratus were the top five essential oils which demonstrated marked inhibitory effect against hyphal growth and spore formation of a. niger. the chemical composition of the ... | 2006 | 16784447 |
| acaricidal effects of herb essential oils against dermatophagoides farinae and d. pteronyssinus (acari: pyroglyphidae) and qualitative analysis of a herb mentha pulegium(pennyroyal). | this experiment was undertaken to screen the acaricidal effects of herb essential oils (pennyroyal, ylang ylang, citronella, lemon grass, tea tree, and rosemary) at different doses (0.1, 0.05, 0.025, 0.0125, and 0.00625 microliter/cm(2)) and exposure times (5, 10, 20, 20, 30 and 60 min) on house dust mites dermatophgoides farinae and d. pteronyssinus. the most effective acaricidal components of pennyroyal (mentha pulegium) were analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (gc-ms). of th ... | 2006 | 16809961 |
| antimicrobial activity of essential oils on salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli, and listeria innocua in fruit juices. | the antimicrobial properties of essential oils (eos) and their derivatives have been known for years. however, the information published about the minimal effective concentration of eos against microorganisms in fruit juices is scarce. in this study, both mic and mbc of six eos (lemongrass, cinnamon, geraniol, palmarosa, or benzaldehyde) against salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli, and listeria innocua were determined by the agar and broth dilution methods, respectively. all of the six eos ... | 2006 | 16865889 |
| synergism between plant extract and antimicrobial drugs used on staphylococcus aureus diseases. | searches for substances with antimicrobial activity are frequent, and medicinal plants have been considered interesting by some researchers since they are frequently used in popular medicine as remedies for many infectious diseases. the aim of this study was to verify the synergism between 13 antimicrobial drugs and 8 plant extracts--"guaco" (mikania glomerata), guava (psidium guajava), clove (syzygium aromaticum), garlic (allium sativum), lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus), ginger (zingiber offic ... | 2006 | 16951808 |
| effect of cymbopogon citratus l. essential oil on growth and morphogenesis of saccharomyces cerevisiae ml2-strain. | the growth of saccharomyces cerevisiae was completely inhibited using 2.0 microl/ml or 4.0 microl/ml of cymbopogon citratus essential oil applied by fumigation or contact method in sabouraud's broth medium, respectively. this oil was found also to be fungicidal at the same concentrations. the sublethal doses 1.0 and 3.0 microl/ml inhibited about 98% of yeast growth after 24 hr of incubation as compared with the control. microscopic observations using light microscope (lm), scanning electron micr ... | 2006 | 17009293 |
| mechanical, barrier, and antimicrobial properties of apple puree edible films containing plant essential oils. | edible films, as carriers of antimicrobial compounds, constitute an approach for incorporating plant essential oils (eos) onto fresh-cut fruit surfaces. the effect against escherichia coli o157:h7 of oregano, cinnamon, and lemongrass oils in apple puree film-forming solution (apffs) and in an edible film made from the apple puree solution (apef) was investigated along with the mechanical and physical properties of the films. bactericidal activities of apffs, expressed as ba50 values (ba50 values ... | 2006 | 17117819 |
| effects of cymbopogon citratus l. essential oil on the growth, lipid content and morphogenesis of aspergillus niger ml2-strain. | the mycelial growth of aspergillus niger van tieghem was completely inhibited using 1.5 (microl/ml or 2.0 (microl/ml of cymbopogon citratus essential oil applied by fumigation or contact method in czapek liquid medium, respectively. this oil was found also to be fungicidal at the same concentrations. the sublethal doses 1.0 and 1.5 (microl/ml inhibited about 70% of fungal growth after five days of incubation and delayed conidiation as compared with the control. microscopic observations using lig ... | 2006 | 17139611 |
| combined effect of heat, essential oils and salt on fungicidal activity against trichophyton mentagrophytes in a foot bath. | this work was originally undertaken to determine the effective conditions of essential oils against trichophyton mentagrophytes in vitro for the treatment of tinea pedis in a foot bath. agar blocks implanted with t. mentagrophytes were immersed in 0.1% aqueous agar containing two-fold dilutions of essential oils with or without sodium chloride at 27 degrees c, 37 degrees c and 42 degrees c for 10 and 20 min. the number of surviving mycelia on the agar blocks was determined from the standard curv ... | 2007 | 17287720 |
| effects of cymbopogon citratus l. essential oil on the growth, morphogenesis and aflatoxin production of aspergillus flavus ml2-strain. | the mycelial growth of aspergillus flavus link was completely inhibited using 1.5 (microl/ml or 2.0 (microl/ml of cymbopogon citratus essential oil applied by fumigation or contact method in czapek's liquid medium, respectively. this oil was found also to be fungicidal at the same concentrations. the sublethal doses 1.0 and 1.5 (microl/ml inhibited about 65% of fungal growth after five days of incubation and delayed conidiation as compared with the control. microscopic observations using light m ... | 2007 | 17304618 |
| anticandidial activity of some essential oils of a mega biodiversity hotspot in india. | six essential oils viz. eucalyptus citriodora, cymbopogon citratus, callistemon lanceolatus, cinnamomum camphora, citrus limon, tagetes petula, as well as two standard antibiotics, miconazole and clotrimazole, were tested in vitro for their anticandidial activity. all these essential oils exhibited higher activity than the two synthetic antibiotics. highest zone of inhibition was recorded in e. citriodora (8.50 mm microl-1) followed by c. lanceolatus (5.63 mm microl-1) establishing their promisi ... | 2007 | 17305775 |
| formulation of transdermal drug delivery system: matrix type, and selection of polymer- their evaluation. | goatskin is used instead of rat-skin to study the permeation and the results are compared. the percentage of permeation is double in goatskin. we have five different oils to study, how they influence permeation and all of them have improved permeation when used on goatskin. to analyze further two parameters-percentage and rate of permeation are used. when these five oils are used with salicyclic acid on goatskin the following results are obtained. the percentage of permeation is as follows [cara ... | 2006 | 17430104 |
| are mosquitoes diverted from repellent-using individuals to non-users? results of a field study in bolivia. | outside sub-saharan africa, anopheline mosquito exophagic and/or crepuscular behaviour patterns imply that insecticide-treated nets may provide incomplete protection from malaria-infective mosquito bites. supplementary repellent treatment has been recommended in such circumstances, especially where vectors are exophilic and so are not susceptible to residual insecticide spraying. as maintaining complete usage of repellents in a community is unrealistic, the potential negative impact on non-users ... | 2007 | 17445144 |
| hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of fresh leaf aqueous extract of cymbopogon citratus stapf. in rats. | the present study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of the single, daily oral dosing of 125-500 mg/kg of fresh leaf aqueous extract of cymbopogon citratus stapf. (cci) in normal, male wistar rats for 42 days. the average weights of rats per group were taken at 2 weeks interval for 42 days. on day 43, blood samples from the rats were collected for fasting plasma glucose (fpg), total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins (ldl-c), very low-density ... | 2007 | 17513076 |
| neurobehavioral effect of essential oil of cymbopogon citratus in mice. | tea obtained from leaves of cymbopogon citratus (dc) stapf is used for its anxiolytic, hypnotic and anticonvulsant properties in brazilian folk medicine. essential oil (eo) from fresh leaves was obtained by hydrodistillation and orally administered to swiss male mice 30 min before experimental procedures. eo at 0.5 or 1.0 g/kg was evaluated for sedative/hypnotic activity through pentobarbital sleeping time, anxiolytic activity by elevated plus maze and light/dark box procedures and anticonvulsan ... | 2009 | 17561386 |
| a low-cost repellent for malaria vectors in the americas: results of two field trials in guatemala and peru. | the cost of mosquito repellents in latin america has discouraged their wider use among the poor. to address this problem, a low-cost repellent was developed that reduces the level of expensive repellent actives by combining them with inexpensive fixatives that appear to slow repellent evaporation. the chosen actives were a mixture of para-menthane-diol (pmd) and lemongrass oil (lg). | 2007 | 17678537 |
| anti-proliferative effect of the essential oil of cymbopogon citratus (dc) stapf (lemongrass) on intracellular amastigotes, bloodstream trypomastigotes and culture epimastigotes of trypanosoma cruzi (protozoa: kinetoplastida). | this study analyses the anti-proliferative effect of lemongrass essential oil and its main constituent (citral) on all 3 evolutive forms of trypanosoma cruzi. steam distillation was used to obtain lemongrass essential oil, with chemical composition determined by gas chromatography (gc) and gc coupled to mass spectrometry (gc-ms). the ic50/24 h (concentration that reduced the parasite population by 50%) of the oil and of citral upon t. cruzi was determined by cell counting in a neubauer chamber, ... | 2007 | 17686189 |
| field evaluation of traditionally used plant-based insect repellents and fumigants against the malaria vector anopheles darlingi in riberalta, bolivian amazon. | inexpensive insect repellents may be needed to supplement the use of impregnated bed-nets in the amazon region, where the primary malaria vector, anopheles darlingi (root), is exophilic and feeds in the early evening. three plants that are traditionally used to repel mosquitoes in riberalta, bolivian amazon, were identified by focus group, and then they were tested against an. darlingi as well as mansonia indubitans (dyar & shannon)/mansonia titillans (walker). cymbopogon citratus (staph), guate ... | 2007 | 17695017 |
| influence of aqueous crude extracts of medicinal plants on the osmotic stability of human erythrocytes. | this work analyzed the effects of the aqueous crude extracts of artemisia absinthium l., lippia sp., bryophyllum sp., solidago microglossa dc, cymbopogon citratus dc and mentha x villosa hudson on the osmotic stability of human erythrocytes. hemolysis was monitored by measurement of absorbance at 540 nm following addition of erythrocytes to nacl solutions of varying concentration. absorbance was fitted to sigmoid regression curves given by the boltzmann equation, and hemolysis was characterized ... | 2008 | 17855047 |
| antibacterial activity and mechanical properties of partially hydrolyzed sago starch-alginate edible film containing lemongrass oil. | edible films were prepared from a mixture of partially hydrolyzed sago starch and alginate (sa). lemongrass oil (0.1% to 0.4%, v/w) and glycerol (0% and 20%, w/w) were incorporated in the films to act as natural antimicrobial agent and plasticizer, respectively. the films were characterized for antimicrobial activity, water vapor permeability (wvp), tensile strength (ts), percent elongation at break (%e), and water solubility (ws). fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectroscopy was conducted to ... | 2007 | 17995673 |
| an essential oil and its major constituent isointermedeol induce apoptosis by increased expression of mitochondrial cytochrome c and apical death receptors in human leukaemia hl-60 cells. | an essential oil from a lemon grass variety of cymbopogon flexuosus (cfo) and its major chemical constituent sesquiterpene isointermedeol (iso) were investigated for their ability to induce apoptosis in human leukaemia hl-60 cells because dysregulation of apoptosis is the hallmark of cancer cells. cfo and iso inhibited cell proliferation with 48 h ic50 of approximately 30 and 20 microg/ml, respectively. both induced concentration dependent strong and early apoptosis as measured by various end-po ... | 2008 | 18070620 |
| edible alginate-based coating as carrier of antimicrobials to improve shelf-life and safety of fresh-cut melon. | the effect of malic acid and essential oils (eos) of cinnamon, palmarosa and lemongrass and their main active compounds as natural antimicrobial substances incorporated into an alginate-based edible coating on the shelf-life and safety of fresh-cut "piel de sapo" melon (cucumis melo l.) was investigated. melon pieces (50 g) were coated with alginate-based edible coating containing malic acid (ec) and eos or their active compounds before to be packed in air filled polypropylene trays and stored a ... | 2008 | 18164505 |