| sites of attachment in amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum koch (acari: ixodidae) on natural hosts. | the sites of attachment of amblyomma triguttatum truguttatum were studied from june to september 1981 on 146 feral pigs (sus scrofa) and from march to august 1982 and january 1983 on 68 grey kangaroos (macropus giganteus), naturally infested. two hundred fifty hour (81%) of 314 nymphs were detected on the ears of the pigs; neither adults nor larvae of a. t. triguttatum were found on s. scrofa. six hundred ninety four (97%) of 715 larvae; 283 (96%) of 295 nymphs and 11 (79%) of 14 adults of a. t. ... | 1990 | 2080832 |
| pericarditis associated with tick-borne q fever. | a case of pericarditis associated with q fever is described. transmission was probably via an arthropod vector, which was most likely the kangaroo tick amblyomma triguttatum. complete recovery occurred in association with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents only. this is a rare presentation of q fever implicating transmission by a novel vector. | 1989 | 2775046 |
| the effect of photoperiod on the development of amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum (acari: ixodidae). | | 1986 | 3735330 |
| tick infestation in soldiers who were bivouacked in the perth region. | we report observations on infestations with the tick, amblyomma triguttatum, in soldiers who were bivouacked in two areas near perth; 34% of 175 persons were infested with varying stages of the ectoparasite. most persons were infested with only one tick but some troops had multiple infestations. local skin reactions to tick-bites were frequent; they usually developed 24-48 h after removal of the tick and may indicate delayed hypersensitivity reactions. a small number of persons developed seconda ... | 1987 | 3821621 |
| copulation and successful insemination by unfed amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum koch. | | 1983 | 6631646 |
| epidemiology and transmission of theileria sp of cattle in australia. | theileria sp occurs in cattle in australia where boophilus microplus is not present. two species of ixodid ticks namely haemaphysalis longicornis and h. bancrofti have been implicated as natural vectors. experimental transmission was obtained with these two species but attempts to transmit the infection with b. microplus, ixodes holocyclus and amblyomma triguttatum were not successful. although calves born in the enzootic area may become infected before one-month-old most show evidence of infect ... | 1982 | 6818938 |
| q fever. | q fever is a zoonosis with a worldwide distribution with the exception of new zealand. the disease is caused by coxiella burnetii, a strictly intracellular, gram-negative bacterium. many species of mammals, birds, and ticks are reservoirs of c. burnetii in nature. c. burnetii infection is most often latent in animals, with persistent shedding of bacteria into the environment. however, in females intermittent high-level shedding occurs at the time of parturition, with millions of bacteria being r ... | 1999 | 10515901 |
| range expansion of the tick amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum, an australian vector of q fever. | the tick amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum has previously been reported from western australia, queensland and new south wales. a viable population of this species, including all developmental stages, has now been discovered on the southern end of yorke peninsula, south australia. species determination was carried out morphologically and using 18s and 16s rrna. the data for 16s rrna are the first published for this species. amblyomma t. triguttatum is significant through its involvement in the n ... | 2000 | 10899523 |
| tick-borne rickettsioses around the world: emerging diseases challenging old concepts. | during most of the 20th century, the epidemiology of tick-borne rickettsioses could be summarized as the occurrence of a single pathogenic rickettsia on each continent. an element of this paradigm suggested that the many other characterized and noncharacterized rickettsiae isolated from ticks were not pathogenic to humans. in this context, it was considered that relatively few tick-borne rickettsiae caused human disease. this concept was modified extensively from 1984 through 2005 by the identif ... | 2005 | 16223955 |
| seasonal density fluctuations of the exotic ornate kangaroo tick, amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum koch, and its distribution on yorke peninsula, south australia. | the ornate kangaroo tick, amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum, was recently recorded on southern yorke peninsula, south australia. we examined seasonal fluctuations in a. triguttatum triguttatum life stages (adult, larva, and nymph) and its distribution on the peninsula. we used in situ co2 traps and dragging cloths to determine monthly fluctuations in free-living ticks at four sites at innes national park from january to december 2006, and to determine the tick's distribution on wider yorke penin ... | 2007 | 17587053 |
| hosts of the exotic ornate kangaroo tick, amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum koch, on southern yorke peninsula, south australia. | amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum is assumed to be endemic to south-western western australia (including barrow island), queensland (excluding cape york peninsula), and new south wales, south to dubbo and barham. the species has been recorded on a range of mammalian hosts including macropods and domestic animals. in queensland, a. triguttatum triguttatum is implicated in the epidemiology of q fever. in 2000, the species was detected on southern yorke peninsula in south australia. we aimed to ide ... | 2007 | 17611781 |
| ixodes philipi (acari: ixodidae): phylogenetic status inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit i gene sequence comparison. | ixodes philipi ticks were collected from the nest burrows of streaked shearwaters, calonectris luecomelas, on 3 different islands of japan (awashima: 38 degrees 45'n, 139 degrees 24'e; mikurajima: 33 degrees 52'n, 139 degrees 36'e; and omorijima: 36 degrees 8'n, 133 degrees 10'e). the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit i (coi) gene sequence was determined for each tick. the coi sequences of 9 other ixodid tick species also were determined, and they were used for taxonomic positioning of i. ... | 2007 | 17626375 |
| human perception and awareness of ticks in a south australian rural community and implications for management of amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum. | the ornate kangaroo tick, amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum, is invasive on yorke peninsula, south australia. to assess the potential for developing comprehensive management strategies for the species, we mailed 1,000 surveys to yorke peninsula residents to investigate community perceptions of ticks, gather information on tick-host ecology, and assess whether or not occupation and length of residence affected whether residents had seen ticks. the response rate was 32%; most respondents (63%) had ... | 2008 | 18427936 |
| high prevalence of rickettsia gravesii sp. nov. in amblyomma triguttatum collected from feral pigs. | a survey of ectoparasites on feral pigs identified two commonly occurring ixodid tick species; amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum and ixodes australiensis. molecular screening of a. t. triguttatum and i. australiensis for the presence of rickettsia species detected the presence of rickettsiae belonging to the spotted fever group (sfg) in 78.4% of screened a. t. triguttatum. none of the screened i. australiensis were positive for rickettsiae. sequence analysis of the glta and ompa loci of positive ... | 2010 | 20488632 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of the citrus red mite panonychus citri (acari: tetranychidae): high genome rearrangement and extremely truncated trnas. | the family tetranychidae (chelicerata: acari) includes ~1200 species, many of which are of agronomic importance. to date, mitochondrial genomes of only two tetranychidae species have been sequenced, and it has been found that these two mitochondrial genomes are characterized by many unusual features in genome organization and structure such as gene order and nucleotide frequency. the scarcity of available sequence data has greatly impeded evolutionary studies in acari (mites and ticks). informat ... | 2010 | 20969792 |
| bacterial profiling reveals novel "ca. neoehrlichia", ehrlichia, and anaplasma species in australian human-biting ticks. | in australia, a conclusive aetiology of lyme disease-like illness in human patients remains elusive, despite growing numbers of people presenting with symptoms attributed to tick bites. in the present study, we surveyed the microbial communities harboured by human-biting ticks from across australia to identify bacteria that may contribute to this syndrome. universal pcr primers were used to amplify the v1-2 hyper-variable region of bacterial 16s rrna genes in dna samples from individual ixodes h ... | 2015 | 26709826 |
| novel borrelia species detected in echidna ticks, bothriocroton concolor, in australia. | to date, little has been documented about microorganisms harboured within australian native ticks or their pathogenic potential. recently, a borrelia sp. related to the relapsing fever (rf) group was identified in a single tick removed from a wild echidna (tachyglossus aculeatus). the present study investigated the presence of borrelia in 97 bothriocroton concolor ticks parasitizing echidnas in queensland, new south wales, and victoria, australia, using nested pcr with borrelia-specific primers ... | 2016 | 27301754 |
| update on tick-borne rickettsioses around the world: a geographic approach. | tick-borne rickettsioses are caused by obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the spotted fever group of the genus rickettsia. these zoonoses are among the oldest known vector-borne diseases. however, in the past 25 years, the scope and importance of the recognized tick-associated rickettsial pathogens have increased dramatically, making this complex of diseases an ideal paradigm for the understanding of emerging and reemerging infections. several species of tick-borne rickettsiae that wer ... | 0 | 24092850 |
| complete mitochondrial genome sequence data provides genetic evidence that the brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) represents a species complex. | ticks are blood-sucking ectoparasites of great medical and veterinary significance that can transmit bacteria, protozoa, fungi and viruses, and cause a variety of human and animal diseases worldwide. in the present study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of rhipicephalus sanguineus from china (rsc) and compared with that of r. sanguineus from usa (rsu). nucleotide sequence difference in the full mt genome was 11.23% between rsc and rsu. for the 13 protein-coding genes, compari ... | 2013 | 23630448 |
| a survey of ticks (acari: ixodidae) of companion animals in australia. | ticks are among the most important vectors of pathogens affecting companion animals, and also cause health problems such as tick paralysis, anaemia, dermatitis, and secondary infections. twenty ixodid species have previously been recorded on dogs, cats, and horses in australia, including rhipicephalus sanguineus, ixodes holocyclus and haemaphysalis longicornis, which transmit tick-borne diseases. a survey of hard ticks (acari: ixodidae) was conducted during 2012-2015 to investigate tick species ... | 2016 | 27160149 |
| tick-box for 3'-end formation of mitochondrial transcripts in ixodida, basal chelicerates and drosophila. | according to the trna punctuation model, the mitochondrial genome (mtdna) of mammals and arthropods is transcribed as large polycistronic precursors that are maturated by endonucleolytic cleavage at trna borders and rna polyadenylation. starting from the newly sequenced mtdna of ixodes ricinus and using a combination of mitogenomics and transcriptional analyses, we found that in all currently-sequenced tick lineages (prostriata, metastriata and argasidae) the 3'-end of the polyadenylated nad1 an ... | 2012 | 23077630 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of pseudocellus pearsei (chelicerata: ricinulei) and a comparison of mitochondrial gene rearrangements in arachnida. | mitochondrial genomes are widely utilized for phylogenetic and population genetic analyses among animals. in addition to sequence data the mitochondrial gene order and rna secondary structure data are used in phylogenetic analyses. arachnid phylogeny is still highly debated and there is a lack of sufficient sequence data for many taxa. ricinulei (hooded tickspiders) are a morphologically distinct clade of arachnids with uncertain phylogenetic affinities. | 2007 | 17961221 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of the sea spider achelia bituberculata (pycnogonida, ammotheidae): arthropod ground pattern of gene arrangement. | the phylogenetic position of pycnogonids is a long-standing and controversial issue in arthropod phylogeny. this controversy has recently been rekindled by differences in the conclusions based on neuroanatomical data concerning the chelifore and the patterns of hox expression. the mitochondrial genome of a sea spider, nymphon gracile (pycnogonida, nymphonidae), was recently reported in an attempt to address this issue. however, n. gracile appears to be a long-branch taxon on the phylogenetic tre ... | 2007 | 17908292 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of the sea spider nymphon gracile (arthropoda: pycnogonida). | mitochondrial genomes form units of genetic information replicating indepentently from nuclear genomes. sequence data (most often from protein-coding genes) and other features (gene order, rna secondary structure) of mitochondrial genomes are often used in phylogenetic studies of metazoan animals from population to phylum level. pycnogonids are primarily marine arthropods, often considered closely related to chelicerates (spiders, scorpions and allies). however, due to their aberrant morphology ... | 2006 | 17087824 |
| coevolutionary analyses of the relationships between piroplasmids and their hard tick hosts. | host-parasite coevolution is a key driver of biological diversity. to examine the evolutionary relationships between piroplasmids and their hard tick hosts, we calculated the molecular clock and conducted phylogenetic analyses of both groups. based on our results, we conclude that the divergence time of piroplasmids (∼56 mya) is later than divergence time of their hard tick hosts (∼86 mya). from analyses of the evolution of both piroplasmid and vector lineages and their association, we know that ... | 2013 | 24101988 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of the house dust mite dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (trouessart): a novel gene arrangement among arthropods. | the apparent scarcity of available sequence data has greatly impeded evolutionary studies in acari (mites and ticks). this subclass encompasses over 48,000 species and forms the largest group within the arachnida. although mitochondrial genomes are widely utilised for phylogenetic and population genetic studies, only 20 mitochondrial genomes of acari have been determined, of which only one belongs to the diverse order of the sarcoptiformes. in this study, we describe the mitochondrial genome of ... | 2009 | 19284646 |
| observation of a novel babesia spp. in eastern grey kangaroos (macropus giganteus) in australia. | the roles and epidemiological features of tick-borne protozoans are not well elicited in wildlife. babesia spp. are documented in many domestic animals, including cattle, horses, pigs, dogs and cats. three cases affecting eastern grey kangaroos are described. the kangaroos exhibited neurological signs, depression and marked anaemia, and microscopic examination of blood smears revealed intraerythrocytic piroplasms. one to seven intraerythrocytic spherical, oval, pyriform and irregularly-shaped pa ... | 2012 | 24533316 |
| why so many unknown genes? partitioning orphans from a representative transcriptome of the lone star tick amblyomma americanum. | genomic resources within the phylum arthropoda are largely limited to the true insects but are beginning to include unexplored subphyla, such as the crustacea and chelicerata. investigations of these understudied taxa uncover high frequencies of orphan genes, which lack detectable sequence homology to genes in pre-existing databases. the ticks (acari: chelicerata) are one such understudied taxon for which genomic resources are urgently needed. ticks are obligate blood-feeders that vector major d ... | 2013 | 23445305 |
| genome sequence of rickettsia gravesii, isolated from western australian ticks. | rickettsia gravesii is a new rickettsia species closely related to the human pathogen rickettsia massiliae. here, we describe the genome sequence of r. gravesii strain bwi-1, isolated from amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum ticks collected from humans on barrow island, western australia. | 2013 | 24285646 |
| seroepidemiological study of outdoor recreationists' exposure to spotted fever group rickettsia in western australia. | bushland activity has previously been linked to rickettsial exposure in eastern and central regions of australia, whereas little is known about the risks in western australia. the isolation of rickettsia gravesii sp. nov. from amblyomma triguttatum ticks and anecdotal reports of low-grade illness among bush recreationists raised the possibility of rickettsial transmission in the state. this study investigated rickettsial seroprevalence and potential risk of exposure to the spotted fever group ri ... | 2014 | 24935947 |
| ticks of australia. the species that infest domestic animals and humans. | the book australian ticks by f.h.s. roberts (1970) is a land-mark in australian tick biology. but it is time for a new and improved book on the ticks of australia. the present book has identification guides and accounts of the biology and diseases associated with the 16 species of ticks that may feed on domestic animals and humans in australia. these comprise five argasid (soft) ticks: argas persicus (poultry tick), argas robertsi (robert's bird tick), ornithodoros capensis (seabird soft tick), ... | 2014 | 24943801 |
| detection and phylogenetic characterisation of novel anaplasma and ehrlichia species in amblyomma triguttatum subsp. from four allopatric populations in australia. | anaplasma and ehrlichia spp. are tick-borne pathogens that can cause severe disease in domestic animals, and several species are responsible for emerging zoonoses in the northern hemisphere. until recently, the only members of these genera reported in australia (a. marginale, a. centrale, and a. platys) were introduced from other continents, through the importation of domestic animals and their associated ticks. however, unique anaplasma and ehrlichia 16s rrna gene sequences were recently detect ... | 2017 | 28601472 |
| tick-borne infectious diseases in australia. | tick bites in australia can lead to a variety of illnesses in patients. these include infection, allergies, paralysis, autoimmune disease, post-infection fatigue and australian multisystem disorder. rickettsial (rickettsia spp.) infections (queensland tick typhus, flinders island spotted fever and australian spotted fever) and q fever (coxiella burnetii) are the only systemic bacterial infections that are known to be transmitted by tick bites in australia. three species of local ticks transmit b ... | 2017 | 28403767 |
| rickettsia gravesii sp. nov.: a novel spotted fever group rickettsia in western australian amblyomma triguttatum triguttatum ticks. | a rickettsial organism harboured by amblyomma triguttatum ticks on barrow island, western australia, was discovered after reports of possible rickettsiosis among local workers. subsequent isolation of this rickettsia (strain bwi-1) in cell culture and analysis of its phylogenetic, genotypic and phenotypic relationships with type strains of rickettsia species with standing in nomenclature suggested that it was sufficiently divergent to warrant its classification as a new species. multiple gene co ... | 2017 | 28857025 |
| a molecular survey of tick-borne pathogens from ticks collected in central queensland, australia. | central queensland (cq) is a large and isolated, low population density, remote tropical region of australia with a varied environment. the region has a diverse fauna and several species of ticks that feed upon that fauna. this study examined 518 individual ticks: 177 rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick), 123 haemaphysalis bancrofti (wallaby tick), 102 rhipicephalus australis (australian cattle tick), 47 amblyomma triguttatum (ornate kangaroo tick), 57 ixodes holocyclus (paralysis tick), 9 ... | 2018 | 29336689 |