| targeted lymph node immunization with simian immunodeficiency virus p27 antigen to elicit genital, rectal, and urinary immune responses in nonhuman primates. | a s.c. route of immunization was developed in non-human primates, which targets the genitourinary-rectal associated lymphoid tissue. a vaccine consisting of rsiv gag p27, expressed as hybrid ty virus-like particles (p27: ty-vlp) was administered in the proximity of the internal iliac lymph nodes. secretory iga and igg abs to the p27 ag were elicited in the vaginal, male urethral, rectal and seminal fluids, urine and serum. two or more immunodominant b cell epitopes were identified within peptide ... | 1994 | 7519218 |
| a method for direct dna amplification of uncharacterized dna viruses and for development of a viral polymerase chain reaction assay: application to the red sea bream iridovirus. | a method is described for isolating a dna segment of a virus for which no protein or dna sequence information is available. this segment can then be used to develop a pcr-based assay for the virus. the method is based on the widespread presence and strong conservation of the ribonucleotide reductase gene among dna viruses. the validity of the procedure is demonstrated by development of an assay for the fish iridovirus. we report the direct isolation from infected fish of a 738-bp segment of the ... | 1996 | 8923958 |
| rapid diagnosis of red sea bream iridovirus infection using the polymerase chain reaction. | a simple and sensitive polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based assay is described for detection of the red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) in infected fish. the assay involves amplification of a portion of the ribonucleotide reductase small subunit (rnrs) gene of the virus from dna isolated from the spleen. the system was tested on red sea bream following an experimental infection. in our infection model, disease signs first became apparent 5 to 6 d post-infection, and mortality commenced at day 6 and ... | 1998 | 9676250 |
| effectiveness of a vaccine against red sea bream iridoviral disease in a field trial test. | since 1990, red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) has caused high mortalities in the summertime in cultured red sea bream pagrus major in southwest japan. to establish control measures for red sea bream iridoviral disease (rsivd), the effectiveness of a formalin-killed viral vaccine was evaluated in a field trial. two groups each consisting of 1000 juvenile red sea bream were either intraperitoneally inoculated with vaccine (vaccinated group) or were not vaccinated (non-vaccinated group). after vaccin ... | 1999 | 10349554 |
| complete genome analysis of the mandarin fish infectious spleen and kidney necrosis iridovirus. | the nucleotide sequence of the infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (isknv) genome was determined and found to comprise 111,362 bp with a g+c content of 54.78%. it contained 124 potential open reading frames (orfs) with coding capacities ranging from 40 to 1208 amino acids. the analysis of the amino acid sequences deduced from the individual orfs revealed that 35 of the 124 potential gene products of isknv show significant homology to functionally characterized proteins of other species. ... | 2001 | 11878882 |
| studies on epizootic iridovirus infection among red sea bream, pagrus major (temminck & schlegel), cultured in taiwan. | since 1993, an epizootic viral disease has occurred in net-cage cultured red sea bream, pagrus major (temminck & schlegel), in peng-hu island located on the south-western coast of taiwan. the diseased fish exhibited abnormal swimming and were lethargic, but few visible external signs were observed. the cumulative mortality because of the disease sometimes reached 50-90% over 2 months. histopathogical studies of the affected fish showed enlarged basophilic cells in the gill, kidney, heart, liver ... | 2003 | 12962222 |
| morphological changes contribute to apoptotic cell death and are affected by caspase-3 and caspase-6 inhibitors during red sea bream iridovirus permissive replication. | red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) of the iridoviridae family is a causative agent of lethal infections in many cultured marine fish species in southwestern japan. rsiv-induced apoptosis was divided as follows: (1). cell shrinkage and rounding at the early apoptotic stage, (2). cell enlargement at the middle apoptotic stage, (3). formation of apoptotic body-like vesicles at the late apoptotic stage and phagocytosis by neighboring cells, and (4). loss of membrane integrity in apoptotic body-like ves ... | 2004 | 15110520 |
| complete genomic dna sequence of rock bream iridovirus. | iridovirus is a causative agent of epizootics among cultured rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) in korea. here, we report the complete genomic sequence of rock bream iridovirus (rbiv). the genome of rbiv was 112080 bp long and contained at least 118 putative open reading frames (orfs), and its genome organization was similar to that of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (isknv). of the rbiv's 118 orfs, 85 orfs showed 60-99% amino acid identity to those of isknv. phylogenetic analysis of ... | 2004 | 15246274 |
| sequence variation in the gene encoding the major capsid protein of korean fish iridoviruses. | ten iridoviruses were isolated from cultured fish from various regions in korea; 7 from rock bream, 1 from red sea bream, 1 from sea bass, and 1 from rockfish. the full open-reading frame (orf) encoding the major capsid protein (mcp) (1362 bp) from ten iridoviruses were sequenced and the nucleotide sequences were phylogenetically analyzed. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the ten korean isolates were classified into one cluster. however, their sequences were not identical and, based on the nu ... | 2005 | 15549489 |
| a systemic iridoviral disease in mullet, mugil cephalus l., and tiger grouper, epinephelus fuscoguttatus forsskal: a first report and study. | a systemic iridoviral disease associated with high mortality was initially recognized in cultured mullet, mugil cephalus l., and tiger grouper, epinephelus fuscoguttatus forsskal, by histopathology and transmission electron microscopy. polymerase chain reaction was performed on tissues and viral isolates, using four published primer sets developed for the red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv). an indirect fluorescent antibody test was also performed on virus-infected atcc gruntfin (gf) and seabass, la ... | 2004 | 15575877 |
| characterization of an iridovirus detected from cultured turbot scophthalmus maximus in korea. | juvenile turbot scophthalmus maximus that became sick during an outbreak of disease at mariculture facilities at go-chang, korea, in 2003, were examined to identify the cause of the disease. the fish had pale body color, an enlarged abdomen, protruding eyes, an enlarged spleen and kidney, and pale gills and/or liver. histopathogical examination revealed basophilic enlarged cells in the kidney, spleen, gills, heart, stomach, intestine, liver, pancreas and skin. hexagonal viral particles with a di ... | 2005 | 15918481 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the major capsid protein gene of iridovirus isolates from cultured flounders paralichthys olivaceus in korea. | in 2003, 13 isolates of iridovirus were obtained from cultured flounders paralichthys olivaceus during epizootics in korea. the full open reading frames (orfs) encoding the major capsid protein (mcp) (1362 bp) from the 13 flounder iridoviruses (flivs) were sequenced and the deduced amino acid sequences were phylogenetically analyzed. phylogenetic analysis of the mcp revealed that all 13 flivs were the same species as rock bream iridovirus (rbiv), red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv), and infectious s ... | 2005 | 15997817 |
| immunogenicity, retention and protective effects of the protein derivatives of formalin-inactivated red seabream iridovirus (rsiv) vaccine in red seabream, pagrus major. | a formalin-inactivated virus was previously found to be efficient in protecting fish against challenge with red seabream iridovirus (rsiv), a dna virus belonging to the iridoviridae family. in the present study, we determined the amount of the virus in the vaccine in terms of the number of copies of the gene for the major capsid protein (mcp) gene by quantitative real-time pcr and examined the longevity and types of immune response generated after intramuscular vaccination. we also tested whethe ... | 2006 | 16213752 |
| transcription program of red sea bream iridovirus as revealed by dna microarrays. | red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) has been identified as the causative agent of a serious disease in red sea bream and at least 30 other marine fish species. we developed a viral dna microarray containing 92 putative open reading frames of rsiv to monitor the viral gene transcription program over the time course of an in vitro infection and to classify rsiv transcripts into temporal kinetic expression classes. the microarray analysis showed that viral genes commenced expression as early as 3 h pos ... | 2005 | 16306587 |
| [red sea bream iridoviral disease]. | the first outbreak of red sea bream iridoviral disease caused by red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) was recorded in cultured red sea bream pagrus major in shikoku island, japan in 1990. since 1991, the disease has caused mass mortalities of cultured marine fishes not only red sea bream but also many other species. the affected fish were lethargic and exhibited severe anemia, petechiae of the gills, and enlargement of the spleen. the causative agent was a large, icosahedral, cytoplasmic dna virus cl ... | 2005 | 16308538 |
| the molecular epidemiology of iridovirus in murray cod (maccullochella peelii peelii) and dwarf gourami (colisa lalia) from distant biogeographical regions suggests a link between trade in ornamental fish and emerging iridoviral diseases. | iridoviruses have emerged over 20 years to cause epizootics in finfish and amphibians in many countries. they may have originated in tropical asia and spread through trade in farmed food fish or ornamental fish, but this has been difficult to prove. consequently, mcp, atpase and other viral genes were sequenced from archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from farmed murray cod (maccullochella peelii peelii) that died during an epizootic in 2003 and from diseased gouramis that had bee ... | 2006 | 16697343 |
| application of the arming system for the expression of the 380r antigen from red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) on the surface of yeast cells: a first step for the development of an oral vaccine. | the cell surface is a functional interface between the inside and the outside of the cell. moreover, cells have systems for anchoring surface specific proteins and for confining surface proteins to particular domains on the cell surface. for use in bioindustrial processes applied to oral vaccination, we consider that cell-surface display systems must be useful and that the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, the most suitable microorganism for practical purposes, is available as a host for genetic e ... | 2006 | 16889368 |
| characterization of a new fibroblast cell line from a tail fin of red sea bream, pagrus major, and phylogenetic relationships of a recent rsiv isolate in japan. | red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) is a causative agent of red sea bream iridoviral disease (rsivd) in marine fish species in japan. fibroblast cells were developed from a tail fin of red sea bream, pagrus major, and then underwent single cell cloning. the successful cloned cells were named crf-1 cells. most crf-1 cells had a normal diploid karyotype with 2n=48 by chromosomal analysis. rsiv-infected crf-1 cells showed typical morphological changes that were associated with apoptosis by egfp-annexin ... | 2007 | 17335926 |
| inhibition of red seabream iridovirus (rsiv) replication by small interfering rna (sirna) in a cell culture system. | small interfering rnas (sirnas), mediators of a process of sequence-specific gene silencing called rna interference, have been shown to have activity against a wide range of viruses and are considered to be potential antiviral tools. here, we describe an antiviral activity of a sirna that targets the major capsid protein (mcp) gene of red seabream iridovirus (rsiv), a marine fish-pathogenic virus, in a cell culture system. inhibition of rsiv replication was demonstrated by reduced mcp expression ... | 2008 | 18037509 |
| histopathological and ultrastructural features of enlarged cells of humpback grouper cromileptes altivelis challenged with megalocytivirus (family iridoviridae) after vaccination. | the genus megalocytivirus in the family iridoviridae encompasses isolates of red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) and grouper sleepy disease iridovirus (gsdiv). in the present study, humpback grouper cromileptes altivelis juveniles were challenged with gsdiv after vaccination with a commercial rsiv vaccine. the unvaccinated group (in duplicate) showed higher mortalities (59.3 to 66.7%) than the vaccination group (0% mortalitiy, in duplicate). surviving fish in the vaccinated group displayed masses of ... | 2008 | 18500034 |
| engineered virus-encoded pre-microrna (pre-mirna) induces sequence-specific antiviral response in addition to nonspecific immunity in a fish cell line: convergence of rnai-related pathways and ifn-related pathways in antiviral response. | transfection with synthesized virus-specific small interfering rnas (sirnas) efficiently inhibits viral replication in viral-infected fish cell lines, implying the involvement of rna interference (rnai)-related pathways in the antiviral response of fish cells. here, we demonstrate that plasmid expressing virus-encoded pre-micrornas (pre-mirnas) can also inhibit viral replication through these pathways. by incorporating sequences encoding mirnas specific to major capsid protein (mcp) gene of red ... | 2008 | 18687362 |
| modulation of the early immune response against viruses by a teleostean interferon regulatory factor-1 (irf-1). | we investigated the role of a teleostean interferon regulatory factor-1 (irf-1) in the regulation of the fish immune system using japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus, as a model. fish were intramuscularly vaccinated with a recombinant plasmid expressing the japanese flounder irf-1 (jf irf-1) under the control of the cytomegalovirus immediate/early enhancer (cmv) promoter and were sampled at different days post-immunization. peripheral blood leukocytes (pbls) obtained from the jf irf-1-vacc ... | 2009 | 19101646 |
| phenotypic diversity of infectious red sea bream iridovirus isolates from cultured fish in japan. | megalocytivirus is causing economically serious mass mortality by infecting fish in and around the pacific region of asia. the recent emergence of many new iridoviruses has drawn attention to the marked taxonomic variation within this virus family. most studies of these viruses have not included extensive study of these emergent species. we explored the emergence of red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) on a fish farm in japan, and we specifically endeavored to quantify genetic and phenotypic differen ... | 2009 | 19346349 |
| pcr amplification and sequence analysis of the major capsid protein gene of megalocytiviruses isolated in taiwan. | viruses belonging to the genus megalocytivirus in the family iridoviridae are one of the major agents causing mass mortalities in marine and freshwater fish in asian countries. outbreaks of iridovirus disease have been reported among various fish species in taiwan. however, the genotypes of these iridoviruses have not yet been determined. in this study, seven megalocytivirus isolates from four fish species: king grouper, epinephelus lanceolatus (bloch), barramundi perch, lates calcarifer (bloch) ... | 2009 | 19460084 |
| influence of temperature shifts on the onset and development of red sea bream iridoviral disease in rock bream oplegnathus fasciatus. | the effects of various water temperature treatments on the development of red sea bream iridovirus disease (rsivd) in rock bream oplegnathus fasciatus challenged with iridovirus sachun (ivs-1) were determined by measuring the mortality and the viral concentration in the spleen of infected fish. experimental infections of rock bream with ivs-1 at water temperatures of 18, 21, and 25 degrees c resulted in a cumulative mortality of 100%, but infections at 13 degrees c resulted in 0% mortality, even ... | 2009 | 19565697 |
| development and evaluation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid detection of lymphocystis disease virus. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay was developed for the detection of lymphocystis disease virus (lcdv). a set of five specific primers, two inner and two outer primers and a loop primer, were designed on the basis of the major capsid protein gene of lcdv. the reaction time and temperatures were optimized for 60 min at 63 degrees c, respectively. lamp amplification products were detected by a ladder-like appearance on agarose gel electrophoresis or a naked-eye inspection of a ... | 2010 | 19891986 |
| a new marine megalocytivirus from spotted knifejaw, oplegnathus punctatus, and its pathogenicity to freshwater mandarinfish, siniperca chuatsi. | megalocytivirus is a newly defined piscine iridovirus and has been shown to be an important causative agent of viral diseases in fish. here, a new megalocytivirus strain, designated skiv-zj07, was isolated from spotted knifejaw (oplegnathus punctatus) using a mandarinfish fry cell line (mff-1). phylogenetic analysis of the major capsid protein and atpase genes showed that skiv-zj07 was most similar to the orange-spotted grouper iridovirus (osgiv) from china and a u1 strain red sea bream iridovir ... | 2010 | 19895861 |
| establishment and characterization of a fibroblast cell line derived from the dorsal fin of red sea bream, pagrus major (temminck & schlegel). | the establishment and partial characterization of a continuous cell line from the dorsal fin of red sea bream, pagrus major, are described. the cell line, designated rsbf-2, has been subcultured for more than 100 passages since its initiation in november 2000. it was optimally maintained at 28 degrees c in leibovitz l-15 medium with 10% foetal bovine serum. propagation of rsbf-2 cells was serum dependent and exhibited low plating efficiency (<1.7%). aside from long-term cryopreservation, the cel ... | 2010 | 20102463 |
| protection of red sea bream pagrus major against red sea bream iridovirus infection by vaccination with a recombinant viral protein. | megalocytivirus infections cause serious mass mortality in marine fish in east and southeast asian countries. in this study the immunogenicity of crude subunit vaccines against infection by the megalocytivirus rsiv was investigated. three capsid proteins, 18r, 351r and a major capsid protein, were selected for use as crude subunit vaccines. high homology among megalocytivirus types was found in the initial sequence examined, the 351r region. red sea bream (pagrus major) juveniles were vaccinated ... | 2010 | 20236423 |
| cytotoxic cd8a+ leucocytes have heterogeneous features in antigen recognition and class i mhc restriction in grouper. | cd8 is a membrane glycoprotein found primarily on the surface of t lymphocytes such as cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl), natural killer cells (nk) and ?d t lymphocytes. it helps t lymphocytes to kill the infected cells that presents microbial antigen on the cell surface. however, analysis of fish cellular immunity has been limited because of the lack of cd8 antibodies in grouper. in this present study, we cloned full-length cd8a cdnas from orange-spotted grouper (epinephelus coioides), an important ... | 2011 | 21463694 |
| [characterization of an iridovirus detected in rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus; temminck and schlegel)]. | during the summer of 2009, mass mortality was observed in cage-cultured rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus; temminck and schlegel) in the liaoning province. histopathogic studies of the affected fish showed enlarged basophilic cells in the kidney and spleen. these necrotic cells were stained purple using haematoxylin and eosin (he). gf cell cultures showed advanced cytopathic effects after infection with virus supernatants from diseased fish homogenate. transmission electron microscopy revealed h ... | 2011 | 21528541 |
| genetic analysis of fish iridoviruses isolated in taiwan during 2001-2009. | to investigate the genetic relationships between field strains of iridoviruses gathered from various fish species in taiwan, viruses that were collected from 2001 to 2009 were analyzed. open reading frames encoding the viral major capsid protein (mcp) and adenosine triphosphatase (atpase) were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. our results indicated that iridoviruses from taiwan aquaculture fishes could be classified into two groups: prior to 2005, the viruses were closely related to members o ... | 2011 | 21603939 |
| molecular identification and expression analysis of cathepsins o and s from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | cathepsins are lysosomal cysteine proteases belonging to the papain family, members of which play important roles in normal metabolism for maintenance of cellular homeostasis. rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) cathepsin o and s (rbctso and rbctss, respectively) cdnas were identified by expressed sequence tag (est) analysis of a lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated rock bream liver cdna library. the full-length rbctso cdna (1698 bp) contained an open reading frame (orf) of 1017 bp encoding 338 am ... | 2011 | 21767649 |
| molecular characterisation and expression analysis of a fish-egg lectin in rock bream, and its response to bacterial or viral infection. | a fish-egg lectin, rbfel, was identified from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) and its expression analysed. in both vertebrates and invertebrates, carbohydrate-binding proteins (lectins) play an important role in innate immunity against microbial invasion. here, we report the cloning of a fish-egg lectin from rock bream using a combination of expression sequence tag (est) analyses. the full-length cdna of rbfel is composed of 1512-bp with a 780-bp orf that encodes 259 amino acid residues. the ... | 2011 | 22056500 |
| emergence of carp edema virus in cultured ornamental koi carp, cyprinus carpio koi, in india. | a disease outbreak was reported in adult koi, cyprinus carpio koi, from a fish farm in kerala, india, during june 2015. the clinical signs were observed only in recently introduced adult koi, and an existing population of fish did not show any clinical signs or mortality. microscopic examination of wet mounts from the gills of affected koi revealed minor infestation of dactylogyrus sp. in a few koi. in bacteriological studies, only opportunistic bacteria were isolated from the gills of affected ... | 2016 | 27902384 |
| megalocytiviruses. | the genus megalocytivirus, represented by red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv), the first identified and one of the best characterized megalocytiviruses, infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (isknv), the type species of the genus, and numerous other isolates, is the newest genus within the family iridoviridae. viruses within this genus are causative agents of severe disease accompanied by high mortality in multiple species of marine and freshwater fish. to date outbreaks of megalocytivirus-ind ... | 2012 | 22590684 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of a new lily-type lectin in the rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | a new lily-type lectin rbltl was identified from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) and its expression analysed. in this study, a new lily-type lectin gene (rbltl) was cloned from rock bream using expressed sequence tag (est) analysis. the full-length rbltl cdna was encoding a 117-amino acid protein. the deduced amino acid sequence of rbltl contained all of the conserved features crucial for its fundamental structure, including b-lectin domain and three d-mannose binding sites. rbltl mrna was pr ... | 2016 | 27345170 |
| coagulation factor ii from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus): first report on the molecular biological function and expression analysis in the teleost. | the rapid haemostasis of fish prevents bleeding or infection that could be caused by physical properties of the aquatic environment. additionally, the innate immune system is the first line of defence against infection and is responsible for the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, which are important for the activation of acquired immune responses. coagulation factor ii (cfii) is an important factor in the coagulation system and is involved in recognition and interaction with ... | 2016 | 26626585 |
| first description of programmed cell death10 (pdcd10) in rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus): potential relations to the regulation of apoptosis by several pathogens. | in this study, we isolated and characterized programmed cell death10 (pdcd10), which is known to be related to apoptosis, from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). the full-length rock bream pdcd10 (rbpdcd10) cdna (1459 bp) contains an open reading frame of 633 bp that encodes 210 amino acids. furthermore, multiple alignments revealed that the six of the α-helix bundles were well conserved among the other pdcd10 sequences tested. rbpdcd10 was significantly expressed in the liver, rbc (red blood c ... | 2016 | 26472617 |
| gene expression and functional characterization of serum amyloid p component 2 in rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | mammalian serum amyloid p component (sap) recognizes a wide range of exogenous pathogenic substances and activates a complementary pathway leading to pathogen clearance. to determine the potential roles of sap in the fish immune system, sap (rbsap2) gene was cloned from ests analysis of rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus), which consisted of a signal peptide and pentraxin domain. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the rbsap2 gene was classified with other known fish saps. rbsap2 was highly expre ... | 2015 | 26455663 |
| first molecular characterisation and expression analysis of a teleost thioredoxin-interacting protein (txnip) gene from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). | thioredoxin-interacting protein (txnip) is an important regulator of glucose metabolism that functions by inhibiting cellular glucose uptake. the full-length rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) txnip (rbtxnip) cdna (2499 bp) contains an open reading frame of 1188 bp encoding 396 amino acids. furthermore, multiple alignments showed that the arrestin domain was well conserved among the other txnip sequences tested. rbtxnip was predicted to contain a pxxp and ppxy motif. phylogenetic analysis indica ... | 2015 | 25934185 |
| functional characterisation and expression analysis of recombinant serum amyloid p isoform 1 (rbsap1) from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). | lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that play important roles in the recognition and elimination of pathogens via the innate immune system. pentraxins (ptx) are humoral lectins, which are multifunctional proteins in vertebrates. pentraxins can be divided into two groups based on their primary structure: short (c-reactive protein and serum amyloid p [sap]) and long pentraxins (ptx3 and neuronal pentraxins). previously, sap was shown to have ca(2+)-dependent binding specificity for various l ... | 2015 | 25917975 |
| first molecular cloning and gene expression analysis of teleost cd42 (glycoprotein ib beta chain) gpib-ix-v subunit from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | cd42 is a platelet membrane glycoprotein ib that plays a key role in haemostasis and thrombin-induced platelet activation. here, we report the molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the cd42c gene from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). rock bream cd42 (rbcd42c) gene expression profiles were determined after infection with streptococcus iniae, edwardsiella tarda and red seabream iridovirus (rsiv). the full-length rbcd42c cdna contained an open reading frame of 624 bp encoding 207 amino acid ... | 2015 | 25445900 |
| expression analysis and biological activity of moronecidin from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | the piscidin-family, one of antimicrobial peptides (amps) mainly distributed in fish, is crucial effectors of fish innate immune response. piscidin-family typically has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and the ability to modulate the immune response. in this study, we identified moronecidin (rbmoro) included in piscidin-family from rock bream and investigated its gene expression using quantitative real-time pcr and biological activity (including antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity). the co ... | 2014 | 25050859 |
| cloning, characterisation, and expression analysis of the cathepsin d gene from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). | cathepsins are lysosomal cysteine proteases belonging to the papain family, members of which play important roles in normal metabolism for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) cathepsin d (rbctsd) cdnas were identified by expressed sequence tag analysis of a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rock bream liver cdna library. the full-length rbctsd cdna (1644 bp) contained an open reading frame of 1191 bp encoding 396 amino acids. alignment analysis revealed that t ... | 2014 | 25038285 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of two lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-α factors (litafs) from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-α factor (litaf) plays an important role controlling the expression of tnf-α and the other cytokine genes in the presence of lps. however, two litaf homologues have not been characterized in fish. in this study, we cloned two distinct litaf (rblitaf1 and rblitaf2) cdnas from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) and characterized their expression profiles after infection with edwardsiella tarda, streptococcus iniae or red seabream iridovi ... | 2014 | 24394623 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of interleukin (il)-15 and il-15 receptor α from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | mammalian interleukin (il)-15 plays an important role in the activation of cd8(+) t cells and natural killer (nk) cells along with its receptor α (il-15rα). to understand the potential roles of il-15 and il-15rα in fish, we identified il-15 and il-15rα cdna from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) and investigated their gene expression profiles after bacterial and viral infection. coding regions of rock bream (rb) il-15 and rbil-15rα cdnas were 534 and 402 bp encoding 177 and 133 amino acid resid ... | 2013 | 23911652 |
| molecular characterisation and expression analysis of the cathepsin h gene from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). | cathepsins are lysosomal cysteine proteases belonging to the papain family, whose members play important roles in normal metabolism for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) cathepsin h (rbctsh) cdnas were identified by expressed sequence tag analysis of a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rock bream liver cdna library. the full-length rbctsh cdna (1326 bp) contained an open reading frame of 978 bp encoding 325 amino acids. the presence of an erfnin-like motif w ... | 2013 | 23629026 |
| molecular characterisation and biological activity of a novel cxc chemokine gene in rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). | chemokines are chemoattractant cytokines defined by the presence of four conserved cysteine residues. in mammals, these cytokines can be divided into four subfamilies depending on the arrangement of the first two conserved cysteines in the sequence, and include the cxc(α), cc(β), c(γ), and cx3c(δ) classes. we identified cxc chemokine cdna, designated rbcxc, isolated using expressed sequence tag analysis of a lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated rock bream liver cdna library. the full-length rbcxc ... | 2013 | 23376472 |
| first molecular cloning and gene expression analysis of a teleost cd200 (ox-2) glycoprotein from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | cd200 plays an important role in delivering an immunoregulatory signal to the immune system through interaction with its receptor. however, cd200 has not been characterized and its function in teleosts is unknown. in this study, the rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) cd200 gene (rbcd200) was cloned and its expression profile was analyzed after infection with edwardsiella tarda, streptococcus iniae or red seabream iridovirus (rsiv). the coding region of rbcd200 cdna was 855 bp, encoding 284 amino ... | 2013 | 23128045 |
| molecular identification and expression analysis of two distinct bpi/lbps (bactericidal permeability-increasing protein/lps-binding protein) from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. | we identified two cdnas designated as rbbpi/lbp-1 and rbbpi/lbp2, respectively, which were identified by expressed sequence tag (est) analysis of a lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated rock bream liver cdna library. the two cdna displayed 36.9% identity at the translated amino acid level. despite the low level of identity between the two genes, high conservation was seen in the bpi/lbp/cetp n-terminal, lps-binding, the proline-rich central and the bpi/lbp/cetp c-terminal domains. the full-length ... | 2012 | 22521422 |
| viral susceptibility, transfection and growth of spb--a fish neural progenitor cell line from the brain of snubnose pompano, trachinotus blochii (lacépède). | this study investigates the susceptibilities of the spb cell line to fish viruses including giant seaperch iridovirus (gsiv-k1), red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv-ku), grouper nervous necrosis virus (gnnv-k1), chum salmon reovirus (csv) and eel herpesvirus (hva). gsiv-k1, rsiv-ku and csv replicated well in spb cells, with a significant cytopathic effect and virus production. however, the cells were hva and gnnv refractory. to examine the ability of spb cells to stably express foreign protein, expre ... | 2013 | 23305502 |
| detection of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (isknv) and turbot reddish body iridovirus (trbiv) from archival ornamental fish samples. | although infections caused by megalocytiviruses have been reported from a wide range of finfish species for several decades, molecular characterisation of the viruses involved has been undertaken only on more recent cases. sequence analysis of the major capsid protein and adenosine triphosphatase genes is reported here from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material from 2 archival ornamental fish cases from 1986 and 1988 in conjunction with data for a range of genes from fresh frozen tissues fr ... | 2016 | 28000602 |
| field trial tests of fkc vaccines against rsiv genotype megalocytivirus in cage-cultured mandarin fish (siniperca chuatsi) in an inland reservoir. | megalocytiviruses are one of the most important causative agents in finfish industry in china, japan and south east asia. the viruses are mainly composed of isknv, rsiv and trbiv genotypes. among them, isknv genotype isolate is the most important causative agent in mandarin fish industry in south china. since its first occurrence in mid-1990s in china, no effective drug has been developed to prevent and control this virus until our recent work. in this study, unusual rsiv genotype megalocytiviru ... | 2013 | 24035751 |
| detection and molecular characterization of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus from major ornamental fish breeding states in peninsular malaysia. | 'gold standard' oie reference pcr assay was utilized to detect the presence of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (isknv) in freshwater ornamental fish from malaysia. from total of 210 ornamental fish samples representing 14 species, isknv was detected in 36 samples representing 5 fish species. all positive cases did not show any clinical signs of isknv. three restriction enzymes analyses showed that the fish were infected by identical strains of the same virus species within megalocyti ... | 2014 | 23952914 |
| establishment of rock bream oplegnathus fasciatus embryo (robe-4) cells with cytolytic infection of red seabream iridovirus (rsiv). | red seabream iridovirus (rsiv) is a member of genus megalocytivirus in the family iridoviridae. rsiv infection causes significant economic losses of marine-fishes in east asian countries. grunt fin (gf) cell line has been commonly used for culturing rsiv. however, it is not suitable for definite evaluation of infectivity titer of rsiv because cells infected with rsiv are not completely cytolysed. thus, we established a new cell line, robe-4, from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) eyed-egg embry ... | 2016 | 27688178 |
| a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, orange-spotted grouper novel immune gene ecvig, is induced by immune stimulants and type i interferon. | a novel grouper immune gene, ecvig was identified in orange-spotted grouper (epinephelus coioides). we recently determined that ecvig expression can be induced by infection with nervous necrosis virus (nnv, an rna virus), whereas nnv replication may be suppressed when ecvig was overexpressed. although ecvig appeared to be involved in grouper antiviral activity, its immune effects have not been well characterized. in the present study, two pamps (pathogen-associated molecular patterns; lipopolysa ... | 2016 | 27666189 |
| multiple passages of grunt fin cells persistently infected with red seabream iridovirus (rsiv) at 15ºc or 30ºc to yield uninfected cells. | red seabream iridovirus (rsiv), a member within genus megalocytivirus (iridoviridae), causes serious economic losses to marine fish aquaculture industry in east asia. in this study, we established a blue striped grunt haemulon sciurus fin (grunt fin; gf) cell line persistently infected with rsiv (pi-gf(rsiv)) by subculturing gf cells that survived rsiv inoculation. pi-gf(rsiv) cells were morphologically indistinguishable from naive gf cells. they could stably produce rsiv at approximately 10(4.9 ... | 2016 | 27737618 |
| potential for a live red seabream iridovirus (rsiv) vaccine in rock bream oplegnathus fasciatus at a low rearing temperature. | serious economic losses have occurred in fingerlings and market-sized rock bream oplegnathus fasciatus in korea due to red seabream iridovirus (rsiv) infection. we demonstrated previously that viral multiplication in fish is downregulated by maintaining fish at far from optimum temperatures at the onset of disease. we applied this concept to develop a live rsiv vaccine in rock bream. mortalities in rock bream that were inoculated with rsiv and reared at 21-30°c were ≥90%, whereas no mortality wa ... | 2014 | 24252702 |
| a survey of fish viruses isolated from wild marine fishes from the coastal waters of southern korea. | a survey was conducted to investigate viral infection in 253 wild marine fishes harvested in the southern coastal area of korea from 2010 to 2012. the fish that were captured by local anglers were randomly bought and sampled for virus examination. the samples were tested for presence of virus by virus isolation with fhm, fsp, and bf-2 cells and molecular methods (polymerase chain reaction and sequencing). of the 253 fish sampled, 9 fish were infected with virus. aquabirnaviruses (abvs), viral he ... | 2013 | 24081931 |
| persistently betanodavirus-infected barramundi (lates calcarifer) exhibit resistances to red sea bream iridovirus infection. | nervous necrosis virus (nnv) and red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) are two important pathogens that have caused acute, highly contagious, and widespread diseases among wild and cultured fish, especially at larval and juvenile stages. we discovered that the pathogenicity of nnv to the 80 days post-hatch (dph) barramundi is lower than that to the 14 dph barramundi. following nnv challenge, no mortality occurred in the 80 dph barramundi, but nnv rna2 and barramundi mx (bmx) gene expression was detect ... | 2013 | 23831937 |
| prevalence of red sea bream iridovirus among organs of japanese amberjack (seriola quinqueradiata) exposed to cultured red sea bream iridovirus. | red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) is a representative of the genus megalocytivirus which causes severe disease to aquaculture fish, mainly in japan and south-east asia. however, information to assess the viral kinetics of rsiv in fish is limited since reports on experimental infection by the immersion route, which is the natural infection route, are scarce. in this study, a method to evaluate the titre of rsiv was first developed. experimental infections were continuously performed using rsiv cell ... | 2013 | 23784444 |
| virions proteins of an rsiv-type megalocytivirus from spotted knifejaw oplegnathus punctatus (skiv-zj07). | megalocytiviruses have three main genotypes, which are represented by isknv, rsiv, and trbiv. to date, the virion-associated proteins of rsiv and trbiv are still unknown. the spotted knifejaw iridovirus (skiv) is a newly characterized rsiv-type megalocytivirus. in this study, the virion-associated proteins of skiv were identified by systemic one-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based proteomic approaches. a total of 49 viral proteins and 33 cellular proteins were associated with the skiv virions ... | 2013 | 23352451 |
| transcriptional profile of red seabream iridovirus in a fish model as revealed by viral dna microarrays. | red seabream iridovirus (rsiv) disease is a serious disease of many marine fish species in japan and elsewhere. for a better understanding of the molecular pathogenic mechanism, we examined the transcriptional profile of rsiv in infected fish using a dna microarray. expression of rsiv open reading frames (orfs) was first detected at about 5 days post-infection (d.p.i.), and accounted for about 45% of total orfs. almost all the orfs (97-99%) were expressed at their maximum levels during 7-9 d.p.i ... | 2007 | 17393296 |
| genetic vaccines protect red seabream, pagrus major, upon challenge with red seabream iridovirus (rsiv). | we have investigated the protective effect of immunization of juvenile red seabream, pagrus major, with dna plasmids encoding the viral major capsid protein (mcp) and an open reading frame (orf) containing a transmembrane domain against red seabream iridovirus (rsiv). the expression of the mhc class i transcript in the dna-vaccinated fish was significantly upregulated at the 15th day post-vaccination and the relative level of expression was maintained until the 30th day post-vaccination. this pa ... | 2006 | 16359871 |
| rapid detection of a fish iridovirus using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp). | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) procedure is described to detect the genomic dna molecule of red seabream iridovirus (rsiv), a fish iridovirus belonging to the iridoviridae family. the rsiv dna was amplified using dna extracts obtained from spleen of infected red seabream, pagrus major and from various rsiv isolates. the method was at least 10 times more sensitive than conventional pcr in detecting for the presence of rsiv. a striking feature of the lamp reaction is its ability t ... | 2004 | 15381352 |
| development of a liquid chip technique to simultaneously detect spring viremia of carp virus, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, and viral hemorrhagic septicemia of salmonids. | a liquid chip technique was developed to detect spring viremia of carp virus (svcv), infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv), and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) of salmonids simultaneously. sequences of the g gene of svcv, n gene of ihnv, and g gene of vhsv were used to design svcv-, ihnv-, and vhsv-specific primers, which were labeled with biotin and subjected to amination modification. they were then coupled with fluorescence-coded microspheres and used for hybridization with ... | 2017 | 28825543 |
| lamp-1-chimeric dna vaccines enhance the antibody response in japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus. | dna vaccination is one method to protect farmed fish from viral and bacterial diseases. chimeric antigens encoded by dna vaccines have been shown to increase the resistance to viral diseases. here, we sequenced the gene encoding lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 from japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus, (jflamp-1) and assessed its use in a chimeric dna vaccine fused with the major capsule protein (mcp) from red seabream iridovirus (rsiv). jflamp-1 cdna has a length of 1248 bp encoding ... | 2017 | 28634010 |
| the first report of cathepsin a gene in a teleost (rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus): an investigation of immune functions upon infection with several pathogens. | we isolated and characterised a cdna encoding the lysosomal protective protein (serine protease) cathepsin a (ctsa) from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). the full-length rock bream ctsa (rbctsa) cdna (1814 bp) contains an open reading frame of 1419 bp that encodes 472 amino acids. alignment of multiple ctsa protein sequences revealed that the active site serine and histidine residues were well-conserved among the other ctsa sequences. rbctsa is highly expressed in the peripheral blood leukocy ... | 2017 | 28624491 |
| infectious spleen and kidney necrosis disease (isknd) outbreaks in farmed barramundi (lates calcarifer) in vietnam. | emergence of a disease with clinical signs resembling megalocytivirus infection seriously affected large-scale barramundi farms in vietnam in 2012-2014 with estimated losses reaching $435,810 per year. an oil-based, inactivated vaccine against red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) was applied in one farm for disease prevention without analysis of the causative agent, and the farmer reported inadequate protection. here we describe histological and molecular analysis of the diseased fish. pcr targeting ... | 2017 | 28663128 |
| protective responses of two paralogs of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (gcsf) in rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus during bacterial and viral infection. | granulocyte colony stimulating factor (gcsf) has a key role in the production of neutrophilic granulocytes during normal hematopoietic development and release of neutrophils into the blood circulation. in this study we have identified and characterized two paralogs of gcsf (rbgcsf) in rock bream. although rbgcsf-1 and rbgcsf-2 share low sequence conservation, its domains and protein structure still share significant similarity. basal levels of rbgcsf-1 gene expression was high in peripheral bloo ... | 2017 | 28408239 |
| the infection of red seabream iridovirus in mandarin fish (siniperca chuatsi) and the host immune related gene expression profiles. | red sea bream iridovirus (rsiv) was initially isolated from marine fish, which belongs to megalocytivirus, iridoviridae. it can cause great economic losses in fish culture with high morbidity and mortality. in the present study, the pathogenicity and immune response associated with a rsiv genotype megalocytivirus infection were determined in mandarin fish (siniperca chuatsi). fish challenged showed typical clinical signs of iridovirus infection, including acute haemorrhages and enlarged visceral ... | 2018 | 29341929 |
| identification of quantitative trait loci for resistance to rsivd in red sea bream (pagrus major). | red sea bream iridoviral disease (rsivd) is a major viral disease in red sea bream farming in japan. previously, we identified one candidate male individual of red sea bream that was significantly associated with convalescent individuals after rsivd. the purpose of this study is to identify the quantitative trait loci (qtl) linked to the rsivd-resistant trait for future marker-assisted selection (mas). two test families were developed using the candidate male in 2014 (fam-2014) and 2015 (fam-201 ... | 2017 | 29127523 |