| respiratory pathogens in non-human primates with special reference to corynebacterium ulcerans. | an investigation of 272 non-human primates (75 macacca cynomolgus, 97 macacca mulatta and 100 cercopithecus aethiops) revealed a high incidence of respiratory disease caused by corynebacterium ulcerans, staphylococci, diplococci and streptococci. escherichia coli was also found as a secondary invader. most of the infections occurred during winter in macaca cynomolgus and were caused by corynebacterium ulcerans and diplococcus pneumoniae. the c. ulcerans strains were phage type vi g. a phage typ ... | 1977 | 407395 |
| nasopharyngeal corynebacterium ulcerans: a different diphtheria. | a case of toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans infection is presented. the diagnosis was delayed and no anti-toxin administered. a nasopharyngeal biopsy was complicated by severe haemorrhage necessitating a post nasal pack. a brief review of the pathology and treatment of corynebacterium ulcerans is given. | 1992 | 1431524 |
| [diphtheria in denmark 1956-1989. occurrence of corynebacterium diphtheriae and other diphtheria toxigenic bacteria]. | the public immunization program against diphtheria, established in 1941, has almost eradicated the disease in denmark, and 1956 became the first year without any notified cases. since then, toxigenic strains have only been isolated five times--three cases of clinical diphtheria due to corynebacterium diphtheriae biovar. mitis and two cases of tonsillitis/pharyngitis due to corynebacterium ulcerans. the source of the infection was not identified in any of the cases. the first case of diphtheria i ... | 1991 | 1901182 |
| [classical pseudomembranous diphtheria caused by corynebacterium ulcerans]. | in a 63-year-old patient presenting with signs of classical diphtheria including membranous pharyngotracheobronchitis and myocarditis, corynebacterium ulcerans was isolated in pure culture from the membranes. the strain produced a toxin specific for c. ulcerans but no diphtheria toxin. the patient was discharged after a complicated hospital course including respiratory and cardiac failure. besides corynebacterium diphtheriae, which has very rarely been isolated in switzerland in recent years, co ... | 1990 | 2084836 |
| dna sequence homology between attb-related sites of corynebacterium diphtheriae, corynebacterium ulcerans, corynebacterium glutamicum, and the attp site of gamma-corynephage. | chromosomal restriction fragments of corynebacterium ulcerans and c. diphtheriae, containing an integration site for corynephages of the beta family, show homology on southern blots. homologous dna in also found in the soil isolate c. glutamicum, although this strain is not susceptible to beta-corynephages. three of these dna fragments, one for each bacterial strain, and a fragment of gamma-corynephage dna previously shown to contain the phage integration site, were cloned and sequenced. alignme ... | 1990 | 2108899 |
| diphtheria with a difference--a rare corynebacterium fatality with associated apoptotic cell death. | a case of infection with corynebacterium ulcerans (c. ulcerans), resulted in the sudden death of a previously healthy 73-year-old woman. death from corynebacterium diphtheriae (c. diphtheriae) infection is well-documented. fatalities following infection with c. ulcerans are unreported; this would appear to be the first documented death due to such infection. | 1990 | 2323738 |
| dna relationships among some tox-bearing corynebacteriophages. | the dna genomes of a number of tox-bearing, temperate corynebacteriophages isolated from strains of corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans were compared. with one exception, these phages displayed similarities in their restriction enzyme digest profiles and extensive homology with prototypic beta converting phage. the exception, phage delta, had a unique restriction profile and exhibited homology with beta over a limited portion of its genome. dnas of phages from each host cont ... | 1985 | 2993167 |
| transformation of corynebacterium diphtheriae, corynebacterium ulcerans, corynebacterium glutamicum, and escherichia coli with the c. diphtheriae plasmid png2. | the transfection and transformation of members of two species of pathogenic corynebacteria, corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans, is described. protoplasts were produced by treatment with lysozyme following growth in glycine, and a medium was defined on which a significant fraction of the osmotically sensitive cells were regenerated. transfections were carried out with dna from corynephage 782, a member of the beta family of converting phages, and transformations were perform ... | 1987 | 3110777 |
| gangrenous dermatitis caused by corynebacterium ulcerans in richardson ground squirrels. | gangrenous dermatitis caused by corynebacterium ulcerans developed in 63 of 350 wild richardson ground squirrels (spermophilus richardsonii). six squirrels died of toxemia and/or septicemia, but 57 responded to topical and parenteral administration of antibiotics. the epizo-otic was believed to be associated with fighting; infected and carrier ground squirrels most likely transmitted the c ulcerans through bite wounds. individuals handling ground squirrels should be cautioned that c ulcerans may ... | 1988 | 3182392 |
| infection due to "corynebacterium ulcerans", producing diphtheria toxin--a case report from denmark. | a diphtheria toxin producing strain of "c. ulcerans" was isolated from the throat of a 9-year-old boy who was previously immunized against diphtheria. this is the first reported case of human infection due to this organism in denmark. | 1987 | 3439464 |
| communicable disease associated with milk and dairy products in england and wales: 1983-1984. | during the period 1983-1984 32 outbreaks of disease (ii in 1983 and 21 in 1984) associated with consumption of milk and dairy products and affecting at least 714 people were reported from england and wales. twenty-seven of the outbreaks were attributed to raw milk, two to contaminated pasteurised milk and one each to cheese, cream and ice-cream. twenty-two were due to salmonellas, seven to campylobacters and one each to staphylococcus aureus, yersinia enterocolitica and streptococcus zooepidemic ... | 1986 | 3722841 |
| purification and characterization of a corynebacterium ulcerans bacteriocin (ulceracin 378). | corynebacterium ulcerans strain 378 produces a bacteriocin (ulceracin 378) and a toxin when grown on semi-solid medium. ulceracin 378 was purified 360-fold by dialysis and chromatography on deae-cellulose and sephadex g-200. on the basis of ultrogel aca22 gel filtration its molecular weight was about 900 000. it could be dissociated by 2-mercaptoethanol and sodium dodecyl sulphate into smaller subunits of 25 000. the bactericidal activity was associated with this subunit which contained no carbo ... | 1985 | 3921657 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans pneumonia. | | 1985 | 4049053 |
| toxic reaction to corynebacterium ulcerans. | | 1970 | 4189309 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans infections. | | 1970 | 4191460 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans infections in monkeys. | | 1972 | 4340291 |
| two distinct toxic proteins in corynebacterium ulcerans. | | 1974 | 4370843 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans mastitis in a bonnet macaque (macaca radiata). | | 1974 | 4371288 |
| [biological relationship between corynebacterium ulcerans, corynebacterium ovis and corynebacterium diphtheriae. (experimental study)]. | | 1968 | 4987379 |
| the preservation of bacteriophage h1 of corynebacterium ulcerans u103 by freeze-drying. | | 1969 | 5261208 |
| [corynebacterium ulcerans]. | | 1967 | 5595156 |
| a non-starch-fermenting variant of corynebacterium ulcerans. | recently a non-starch-fermenting strain of c. ulcerans was isolated and a strain which did not hydrolyse urea when first isolated has also been discovered. for full identification of c. ulcerans both intradermal and subcutaneous tests in guinea-pigs are required, and it is recommended that these tests should be carried out with all organisms which culturally and morphologically resemble diphtheria bacilli. | 1965 | 5844203 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans infections in a dairy herd. | | 1967 | 6068162 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans and corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis responses to dna probes derived from corynephage beta and corynebacterium diphtheriae. | strains of corynebacterium ulcerans and corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (corynebacterium ovis) were examined for the production of diphtheria toxin. a majority of c. ulcerans strains (25 of 37) and 1 c. pseudotuberculosis strain (1 of 14) gave a positive elek test for diphtheria toxin, and for all strains but 1, production of diphtheria toxin was inhibited at the same level of fe2+ as was the corynebacterium diphtheriae control. all elek-positive cultures as well as two elek-negative isolates ... | 1984 | 6086530 |
| production of diphtheria toxin by selected isolates of corynebacterium ulcerans and corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. | we determined the diphtheria toxin phenotype of specially selected isolates of corynebacterium ulcerans and corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (c. ovis). all produced proteins similar in size and immunological structure to diphtheria toxin. as with diphtheria toxin, they exhibited adp-ribosylating activity, and their synthesis was regulated by iron. | 1984 | 6321350 |
| [dna homology study of corynebacterium diphtheriae v. gravis groups i, ii and iii, corynebacterium ulcerans and corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (ovis)]. | the homology of genomes within krylova 's groups i, ii and iii of c. diphtheriae, including toxigenic c. diphtheriae and their nontoxigenic precursors within the same group, was confirmed by the method of dna/dna molecular hybridization; the homology of dna within the groups was 89-103%, the thermostability of heteroduplexes being high (on the level of homoduplexes ). the heterogeneity of genomes within these 3 groups of cultivar gravis was confirmed, which made it possible to consider c. diphth ... | 1984 | 6428091 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans infection associated with untreated milk. | infection with corynebacterium ulcerans has been previously reported in association with cows' milk. further evidence that the disease is a zoonosis is given in this report of infection in a consumer of untreated milk. the organism was isolated from a sample of milk, and from two cows in a herd of 93 jersey cattle. one of the farm workers was a symptomless nasal carrier. | 1984 | 6527044 |
| production of a bacteriocin, ulceracin 378, by corynebacterium ulcerans. | the production of the bacteriocin ulceracin 378 by corynebacterium ulcerans 378 was demonstrated during the growth of the organism on solid medium. ulceracin 378 was not found in broth cultures and could not be extracted from the organisms by various solvents and salt solutions. ulceracin 378 was not inducible by uv irradiation or mitomycin c treatments. ulceracin 378 was active against all of the c. ulcerans strains tested and some related species, but it was not autoinhibitory. the active mate ... | 1983 | 6688939 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans in humans and cattle in north devon. | a case of corynebacterium ulcerans sore throat in a community that drank raw milk from its own farm led to the discovery of another symptomless human infection. eight cows in the herd were found to be infected and the intermittent pattern of excretion was demonstrated in another cow followed through its lactation. further evidence of milk infected by c. ulcerans was found by examining all raw milk samples submitted to the laboratory. two other human cases were diagnosed in devon during the perio ... | 1984 | 6707468 |
| an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to corynebacterium kutscheri in experimentally infected rats. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) which detects rat antibody to corynebacterium kutscheri was developed and compared with a tube agglutination assay in two infectivity studies. in four groups of rats inoculated intratracheally with 100-fold dilutions of corynebacterium kutscheri , mortality, lesions, and recovery of corynebacterium kutscheri were confined to the two highest dose groups. five of 17 (29%) test rats seroconverted within 14 to 21 days post-inoculation as assayed by elisa; ... | 1984 | 6716955 |
| infections caused by nondiphtheria corynebacteria. | after decades of confusion about their microbiologic classification and clinical significance, the nondiphtheria corynebacteria have emerged as important pathogens. although isolation of these organisms may represent contamination with skin flora, several species, including corynebacterium ulcerans, corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (corynebacterium ovis), corynebacterium haemolyticum, corynebacterium pseudodiptheriticum, corynebacterium equi, corynebacterium bovis, corynebacterium xerosis, and ... | 1982 | 6760340 |
| purification and characterization of some enzymatic properties of neuraminidase from corynebacterium ulcerans. | neuraminidase of corynebacterium-ulcerans was purified by affinity chromatography using immobilized colominic acid preparations. neuraminidase appears to be a thermolabile protein, molecular mass 70 000 da. the ph optimum of 5.5 is independent of the substrate used; the optimal temperature is 37 degrees c, the michaelis constant towards n-acetylneuraminosyllactose is 5.2 x 10(-4) m. ca2+ and ba2+ activated the enzyme, but zn2+, fe2+, and chelating agent edta were inhibitory. in our experiments t ... | 1981 | 6796488 |
| proof for the lack of diphtheria toxin in culture filtrates of corynebacterium ulcerans strain atcc 9015. | extensive efforts to identify the diphtheria toxin in culture filtrates of c. ulcerans strain atcc 9015 was unsuccessful. the culture filtrates did contain a component (called d-antigen) which formed a precipitin line with commercial diphtheria antitoxin. this component was purified by immunosorbent techniques using immobilized preparations of diphtheria antitoxin. it was shown, that d-antigen has a molecular weight of 84000, is not toxic for guinea-pigs, and has nothing in common with purified ... | 1981 | 6797150 |
| the exotoxins of corynebacterium ulcerans. | the exotoxins produced by ten strains of c. ulcerans (two human, six bovine and two equine) have been studied. on the criteria of toxin-antitoxin neutralisation and immunoprecipitation tests using highly specific diphtheria and c. ovis antitoxins with crude toxic filtrates, (nh4)2so4 concentrates, and partially purified chromatographic preparations of these, together with the presence or absence of inhibition of the action of staphylococcal beta-haemolysin, and the reaction produced when injecte ... | 1982 | 6801113 |
| [corynebacterium ulcerans and its biological properties]. | | 1980 | 7004030 |
| purification and some properties of exotoxin from corynebacterium ulcerans strain atcc 9015. | corynebacterium ulcerans strain atcc 9015 develops during growth in environmental media an exotoxin which is lethal for guinea-pigs. the exotoxin has been purified by ion-exchange chromatography on deae-sephadex a-50, affinity chromatography using immunosorbent techniques, and gel-filtration through sephadex g-75. the exotoxin is of a protein nature and consists perhaps of two subunits. the molecular weights of the exotoxin and its subunits as estimated by sds-page were 40 000, 25 000, and 15 00 ... | 1981 | 7198352 |
| phospholipase d activity of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (corynebacterium ovis) and corynebacterium ulcerans, a distinctive marker within the genus corynebacterium. | a search has been made for corynebacterial phospholipase d, "ovis toxin," a sphingomyelinase (phosphatidylcholine phosphohydrolase, ec 3.1.4.4), among a wide variety of corynebacteria. phospholipase d activity has been found in strains exhibiting the biochemical properties characteristic of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis or of corynebacterium ulcerans and in no other species of corynebacterium. methods for the assay of phospholipase d as a sphingomyelinase and methods for screening for phosp ... | 1981 | 7204550 |
| inhibition of corynebacterium ulcerans toxin production by tween 80. | tween 80 stimulated growth of corynebacterium ulcerans but suppressed toxin production. it had no direct effect on preformed toxin. toxin production was not inhibited by oleic, linoleic, palmitic or stearic acids. | 1980 | 7431375 |
| purification of a protein toxin from corynebacterium ulcerans. | toxin from corynebacterium ulcerans strain 378 was purified 66-fold by ammonium sulphate fractionation, dialysis, gel filtration on ultrogel aca22, ion-exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose and gel filtration on aca54. on polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis the purified material was homogeneous, staining for protein but not carbohydrate or lipid. the molecular weight of c. ulcerans toxin was 13000 as determined by sds-polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and 15000 by gel filtration on aca54. | 1980 | 7431376 |
| pulmonary nodules due to corynebacterium ulcerans. | a 53 year old male with symptoms of coughing for 6 months presented with bilateral multiple pulmonary nodules suggestive of metastatic disease. by surgical resection 4 out of 6 nodules were removed. histopathological examination showed granulomatous necrotizing inflammation with growth of corynebacterium ulcerans, which did not produce diphtheria toxin. the patient was treated with penicillin for 1 week. follow-up for 2 yrs showed no sign of recurrence. | 1995 | 7664868 |
| taxonomy of corynebacterium diphtheriae and related taxa, with recognition of corynebacterium ulcerans sp. nov. nom. rev. | levels of genomic dna relatedness were determined using a s1 nuclease procedure for reference bacteria identified as biotypes of corynebacterium diphtheriae, biovars of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, and 'corynebacterium ulcerans'. these results showed that the three species are separate taxa at the genomospecies level whereas biotypes and biovars are closely related genomically within each species. phylogenetic analyses of small-subunit rdna sequences revealed that 'corynebacterium ulceran ... | 1995 | 7729671 |
| [toxic diphtheria caused by corynebacterium ulcerans]. | a 42-year-old woman with bronchial asthma since childhood was admitted to hospital because of severe dyspnoea. emergency bronchoscopic intubation had to be performed for life-threatening inspiratory and expiratory stridor. this demonstrated that the larynx was covered by a dirty-grey membrane and the vocal-cord gap was narrowed to a mere slit. as laryngeal diphtheria was suspected 2000 iu/kg diphtheria antitoxin was administered together with 1 mega u penicillin g four times daily intravenously. ... | 1994 | 8162832 |
| numerical analysis of fatty and mycolic acid profiles of corynebacterium urealyticum and other related corynebacteria. | the fatty and mycolic acid profiles of 52 strains of clinical origin belonging to corynebacterium urealyticum were subjected to numerical analysis along with those of representative members of corynebacterium ammoniagenes, corynebacterium bovis, corynebacterium glutamicum, corynebacterium jèikeium, corynebacterium minutissimum, corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum, corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, corynebacterium xerosis, corynebacterium renale, corynebacterium cystitidis, "corynebacterium ul ... | 1993 | 8397966 |
| arcanobacterium haemolyticum phospholipase d is genetically and functionally similar to corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis phospholipase d. | arcanobacterium haemolyticum, a pathogen of the human upper respiratory tract and other systems, has been reported to produce soluble toxins, including a phospholipase d (pld). we confirmed production of pld by this organism and cloned and sequenced pld. arcanobacterial pld (pld-a) was found to be a protein of approximately 31.5 kda with a pi of approximately 9.4. cosmid cloning, followed by subcloning into phagemid pbluescriptiisk+, yielded escherichia coli(pah140), a recombinant with a gene pr ... | 1993 | 8406819 |
| genetic differences between nitrate-negative and nitrate-positive c. pseudotuberculosis strains using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. | corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis has been classified into two biotypes according to ability to breakdown nitrate (biberstein et al., 1971). restriction enzyme analysis (rea) has shown to reflect this differentiation, but numerous bands generated by this technique make interpretation difficult (songer et al., 1988). restriction fragment length polymorphism's (rflp's) has become an accepted genetic tool and was used in this study to determine if differences in nitrate reduction and other phenoty ... | 1996 | 8861638 |
| a modified elek test for detection of toxigenic corynebacteria in the diagnostic laboratory. | the detection of toxigenicity among corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans strains is the most important test for the microbiological diagnosis of diphtheria. difficulties with current methods, in particular the elek test, are well documented. we therefore describe a modified elek test which provides an accurate result after only 16 h of incubation, in contrast to 48 h for the conventional test. | 1997 | 9003626 |
| utilization of host iron sources by corynebacterium diphtheriae: identification of a gene whose product is homologous to eukaryotic heme oxygenases and is required for acquisition of iron from heme and hemoglobin. | corynebacterium diphtheriae was examined for the ability to utilize various host compounds as iron sources. c. diphtheriae c7(-) acquired iron from heme, hemoglobin, and transferrin. a siderophore uptake mutant of strain c7 was unable to utilize transferrin but was unaffected in acquisition of iron from heme and hemoglobin, which suggests that c. diphtheriae possesses a novel mechanism for utilizing heme and hemoglobin as iron sources. mutants of c. diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans that ... | 1997 | 9006041 |
| respiratory diphtheria caused by corynebacterium ulcerans--terre haute, indiana, 1996. | diphtheria is a potentially severe illness; among unvaccinated persons, the case-fatality rate may be 5%-10%, even with appropriate treatment. during 1990-1995, approximately 4000 deaths resulted from the ongoing diphtheria epidemic in the former soviet union. in the united states, respiratory diphtheria is rare: during 1980-1995, only 41 cases were reported. serologic studies in the 1970s and 1980s indicated that 20%-60% of u.s. adults aged > or = 20 years lacked immunity to diphtheria. this re ... | 1997 | 9132587 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. respiratory diphtheria caused by corynebacterium ulcerans--terre haute, indiana, 1996. | | 1997 | 9169881 |
| comparison of phenotypic and genotypic methods for detection of diphtheria toxin among isolates of pathogenic corynebacteria. | we have compared molecular, immunochemical, and cytotoxic assays for the detection of diphtheria toxin from 55 isolates of corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans originally isolated in five different countries. the suitabilities and accuracies of these assays for the laboratory diagnosis of diphtheria were compared and evaluated against the "gold standard" in vivo methods. the in vivo and vero cell cytotoxicity assays were accurate in their abilities to detect diphtheria toxin ... | 1998 | 9774560 |
| identification of nonlipophilic corynebacteria isolated from dairy cows with mastitis. | nonlipophilic corynebacteria associated with clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy cows were found to belong to four species: corynebacterium amycolatum, corynebacterium ulcerans, corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, and corynebacterium minutissimum. these species may easily be confused. however, clear-cut differences between c. ulcerans and c. pseudotuberculosis were found in their acid production from maltotriose and ethylene glycol, susceptibility to vibriostatic agent o129, and alkaline ... | 1999 | 10074508 |
| three cases of toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans infection. | | 2000 | 10718005 |
| caseous lymphadenitis caused by corynebacterium ulcerans in the dromedary camel. | caseous lymphadenitis that affected the dorsal and ventral superficial lymph nodes in the left cervicothoracic region of a young dromedary camel is described. the agent isolated was corynebacterium ulcerans. to our knowledge, this is the first description of purulent lymphadenitis caused by c. ulcerans in a species belonging to the camelidae. | 2000 | 10723599 |
| corynebacterium diphtheriae genes required for acquisition of iron from haemin and haemoglobin are homologous to abc haemin transporters. | corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans use haemin and haemoglobin as essential sources of iron during growth in iron-depleted medium. c. diphtheriae and c. ulcerans mutants defective in haemin iron utilization were isolated and characterized. four clones from a c. diphtheriae genomic library complemented several of the corynebacteria haemin utilization mutants. the complementing plasmids shared an approximately 3 kb region, and the nucleotide sequence of one of the plasmids rev ... | 2000 | 10760164 |
| [a diagnostic medium for arcanobacterium haemolyticum and other bacterial species reacting with hemolytic synergism to the equi-factor of rhodococcus equi]. | colonies of arcanobacterium haemolyticum on common blood agar can be easily overlooked. therefore a diagnostic medium was developed, on which a. haemolyticum colonies produce a conspicuous zone of complete hemolysis. the medium under question is blood agar prepared from the columbia blood agar base and 5% washed sheep erythrocytes sensitised with equi factor (ef) of rhodococcus equi. optimally, 10 activity units (au) of ef per 1 ml were used. ef was titrated on a non-nutrient medium consisting o ... | 2000 | 11040494 |
| isolation and characterization of corynebacterium ulcerans from cephalic implants in macaques. | to determine the prevalence of colonization by corynebacterium ulcerans, we cultured samples from the cephalic implant-skin margin and pharynx of 26 rhesus macaques and one pig-tailed macaque. all but one of the samples from the cephalic implants yielded a mixed population of bacteria. c. ulcerans grew from the cephalic implants in 56% and from the pharynx in 3% of the implanted animals. we screened nine of these isolates for diphtheria toxin (dt) and phospholipase d (pld). polymerase chain reac ... | 2000 | 11099137 |
| construction and consequences of directed mutations affecting the hemin receptor in pathogenic corynebacterium species. | genes encoding an atp-binding cassette transporter system involved in hemin iron utilization from corynebacterium ulcerans were cloned and characterized. the genes are homologous to a hemin transport system previously identified in corynebacterium diphtheriae. disruption of the hmut gene, which encodes the putative hemin receptor, resulted in greatly reduced ability of c. ulcerans to use hemin or hemoglobin as an iron source. inactivation of hmut in c. diphtheriae by site-specific recombination ... | 2001 | 11157965 |
| infection of the skin caused by corynebacterium ulcerans and mimicking classical cutaneous diphtheria. | extrapharyngeal infections caused by corynebacterium ulcerans have rarely been reported previously, and diphtheria toxin production has usually not been addressed. this case demonstrates that strains of c. ulcerans that produce diphtheria toxin can cause infections of the skin that completely mimic typical cutaneous diphtheria, thereby potentially providing a source of bacteria capable of causing life-threatening diseases in the patient's environment. therefore, it is recommended to screen wound ... | 2001 | 11568853 |
| diphtheria toxin production by corynebacterium ulcerans from cats. | | 2002 | 11936889 |
| gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric analysis of molecular species of corynomycolic acids from corynebacterium ulcerans. | | 1972 | 11946651 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans in free-ranging otters. | | 2002 | 12017529 |
| laryngopharyngitis by corynebacterium ulcerans. | a 71-year-old female patient was hospitalized with membranous laryngopharyngitis typical of classical diphtheria. a toxigenic strain of corynebacterium ulcerans was isolated from the throat. the patient was treated for 6 days with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and recovered without complications. this second reported case of diphtheric laryngopharyngitis caused by c. ulcerans in switzerland is a reminder that c. ulcerans should be included as a possible agent in patients with classical diphtheria ... | 2002 | 12120945 |
| a fatal case of necrotizing sinusitis due to toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans. | a 77-year-old farmer developed cough with sputum production, fever, bloody nasal discharge and a mass in his right maxillary sinus leading to necrotic ulceration of the sinus. corynebacterium ulcerans, carrying the beta-phage for the diphtheria toxin and secreting the toxin, was detected microscopically and by culture from the sinusoidal and ulcer discharge. despite immediate antimicrobial chemotherapy the patient died of pulmonary failure associated with the production of large amounts of very ... | 2002 | 12139430 |
| molecular epidemiology and characteristics of corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans strains isolated in italy during the 1990s. | five cases of diphtheria were reported in italy between january 1990 and june 2001. three cases were confirmed microbiologically by the isolation of toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae (two cases) and corynebacterium ulcerans (one case). over the same period, 11 cases of non-toxigenic c. diphtheriae infection were reported to the italian public health institute, from which the causative organism was isolated from a skin infection in one case and from the throat in the other ten. seven of the t ... | 2003 | 12543926 |
| [a case of diphtheria in the netherlands due to an infection with corynebacterium ulcerans]. | a 58-year-old woman was admitted due to a pseudomembranous pharyngitis. the patient had not been vaccinated against diphtheria. corynebacterium ulcerans was cultured from a throat swab. the production of diphtheria toxin by these bacteria was demonstrated with pcr and an immunoprecipitation test. the patient was cared for in respiratory isolation and was treated with benzylpenicillin. she quickly recovered and was discharged four days after admission. a contact investigation did not reveal any d ... | 2003 | 12661461 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans diphtheria in japan. | | 2003 | 12781024 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans. | | 1959 | 13804395 |
| some bacteriophages of corynebacterium ulcerans and their lack of effect on toxigenicity. | | 1955 | 14398263 |
| detection of differences in the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of diphtheria toxin from corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans causing extrapharyngeal infections. | while corynebacterium ulcerans can mimic classical diphtheria, extrapharyngeal infections are extremely rare. sequencing of the diphtheria toxin (dt)-encoding tox gene of two c. ulcerans isolates from extrapharyngeal infections revealed differences from c. diphtheriae dt sequences, mainly in the translocation and receptor-binding domains. c. ulcerans supernatants were much less potent than supernatant from c. diphtheriae. a c. ulcerans dt-specific pcr is described below. | 2003 | 14532240 |
| isdg and isdi, heme-degrading enzymes in the cytoplasm of staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus requires iron for growth and utilizes heme as a source of iron during infection. staphylococcal surface proteins capture hemoglobin, release heme from hemoglobin and transport this compound across the cell wall envelope and plasma membrane into the bacterial cytoplasm. here we show that staphylococcus aureus isdg and isdi encode cytoplasmic proteins with heme binding properties. isdg and isdi cleave the tetrapyrrol ring structure of heme in the presence of nadph cytochrome ... | 2004 | 14570922 |
| classical diphtheria caused by corynebacterium ulcerans in germany: amino acid sequence differences between diphtheria toxins from corynebacterium diphtheriae and c. ulcerans. | | 2005 | 15655760 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans in an immunocompromised patient with diphtheria and her dog. | corynebacterium ulcerans causes zoonotic infections, such as diphtheria and extrapharyngeal infections. we report here the first case of a diphtheria-like illness caused by c. ulcerans in france and transmitted likely by a dog to an immunocompromised woman. | 2005 | 15695729 |
| pyogranulomatous meningoencephalitis in a goat due to corynebacterium ulcerans. | | 2005 | 15786922 |
| human clinical isolates of corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans collected in canada from 1999 to 2003 but not fitting reporting criteria for cases of diphtheria. | a 5-year collection of corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans human clinical isolates yielded nine isolates from blood cultures of patients with invasive infections, stressing the importance of c. diphtheriae as a serious blood-borne pathogen. seven percent of c. diphtheriae and 100% of c. ulcerans isolates produced diphtheria toxin, demonstrating that toxigenic corynebacteria continue to circulate. | 2005 | 16000474 |
| characterization of toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans strains isolated from humans and domestic cats in the united kingdom. | in the united kingdom there has been a marked increase in the number of human infections caused by toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans. during 2002 and 2003 the organism was also isolated from several domestic cats with bilateral nasal discharge. as c. ulcerans has never previously been isolated from cats, the 16s rrna gene from three cat isolates was sequenced to confirm their species identities. fifty clinical isolates from the united kingdom isolated from 1986 to 2003 and seven cat isolates we ... | 2005 | 16145080 |
| [pseudomembranous diphtheria caused by corynebacterium ulcerans]. | introduction: pseudomembranous angina are classically caused by corynebacterium diphtheriae. more rarely, it caused by corynebacterium ulcerans, sometimes carrying the diphteric exotoxine. exegeris: we report a new autochton case of pseudomembranous pharyngitis caused by c. ulcerans, carrying the diphteric exotoxine, transmitted by a dog, complicated of velopharyngitis and hypopharyngée paralysis, then of diphtheric polyneuritis. conclusion: although exceptional, diphteria must always be evoked ... | 2006 | 16426709 |
| the hmuq and hmud genes from bradyrhizobium japonicum encode heme-degrading enzymes. | utilization of heme by bacteria as a nutritional iron source involves the transport of exogenous heme, followed by cleavage of the heme macrocycle to release iron. bradyrhizobium japonicum can use heme as an iron source, but no heme-degrading oxygenase has been described. here, bioinformatics analyses of the b. japonicum genome identified two paralogous genes renamed hmuq (bll7075) and hmud (bll7423) that encode proteins with weak similarity to the heme-degrading monooxygenase isdg from staphylo ... | 2006 | 16952937 |
| comparative analysis of hmuo function and expression in corynebacterium species. | we have constructed defined deletions in the hmuo gene from corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans and show that the c. ulcerans hmuo mutation results in a significant reduction in hemoglobin-iron utilization, whereas in c. diphtheriae strains, deletion of hmuo caused no or only partial reduction in the utilization of heme as an iron source. we also show that expression from the c. ulcerans hmuo promoter exhibits minimal regulation by iron and heme whereas transcription from th ... | 2007 | 17322319 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans infection of the lung mimicking the histology of churg-strauss syndrome. | we report the first case of pulmonary corynebacterium ulcerans infection mimicking churg-strauss syndrome (css). productive cough, fever, general fatigue, and weight loss developed in a 50-year-old man. laboratory data revealed prominent eosinophilia and elevated serum ige. on chest images, multiple nodules and cavities were predominantly detected in the right lung. histopathologic examination showed necrotizing granulomas and vasculitis with massive eosinophilic infiltration identical to the fi ... | 2007 | 17426234 |
| laboratory-confirmed case of toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans. | | 2007 | 17439797 |
| analysis of toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans strains revealing potential for false-negative real-time pcr results. | diphtheria surveillance depends on the rapid and reliable recognition of the toxin gene in corynebacterium diphtheriae. real-time pcr is a rapid tool to confirm the presence of the diphtheria toxin gene (tox) in an isolate or specimen. we report that some toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans strains show atypical results in a real-time pcr for tox. | 2008 | 17989189 |
| investigations of 2 cases of diphtheria-like illness due to toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans. | we present 2 case reports in the united states and investigations of diphtheria-like illness caused by toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans. a fatal case occurred in a 75-year-old male washington resident who was treated with clindamycin but did not receive equine diphtheria antitoxin. a second, nonfatal case occurred in a 66-year-old female tennessee resident who received erythromycin and diphtheria antitoxin. | 2008 | 18181738 |
| properties of corynephage attachment site and molecular epidemiology of corynebacterium ulcerans isolated from humans and animals in japan. | sporadic reports of corynebacterium ulcerans infection in humans and animals have become increasingly common throughout the world. between 2001 and 2006, five human cases, in addition to isolation of the bacterium from the carcasses of orcinus orca and panthera leo, were reported in japan. while an isolate from p. leo generated only phospholipase d (pld), the other isolates produced both pld and diphtheria-like toxin (dlt). pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis showed that isolates from p. l ... | 2008 | 18362399 |
| detection of toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans strains by a novel real-time pcr. | | 2008 | 18550743 |
| pitfalls with diphtheria-like illness due to toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans. | | 2008 | 18564932 |
| first detection of corynebacterium ulcerans producing a diphtheria-like toxin in a case of human with pulmonary infection in the rio de janeiro metropolitan area, brazil. | the frequency and severity of human infections associated with corynebacterium ulcerans appear to be increasing in different countries. here, we describe the first c. ulcerans strain producing a diphtheria-like toxin isolated from an elderly woman with a fatal pulmonary infection and a history of leg skin ulcers in the rio de janeiro metropolitan area. | 2008 | 18660996 |
| toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans isolated from the domestic dog for the first time in japan. | | 2009 | 19305066 |
| diphtheria: a zoonotic disease in france? | thanks to vaccination, diphtheria has almost disappeared in france. the case definition, used for mandatory notification, was expanded in 2003 to include toxin-producing strains of corynebacterium ulcerans. we describe the epidemiology of diphtheria in france from 1990 to 2008. no cases occurred between 1990 and 2001. since 2002, 19 cases have been reported: 4 cases due to corynebacterium diphtheriae related to exposure in endemic countries, and 15 cases due to other corynebacteria, including 4 ... | 2009 | 19393707 |
| pigs as source for toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans. | | 2009 | 19751602 |
| possible zoonotic transmission of toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans from companion animals in a human case of fatal diphtheria. | | 2009 | 19966333 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans isolated from an asymptomatic dog kept in an animal shelter in the metropolitan area of rio de janeiro, brazil. | corynebacterium ulcerans was isolated from nares of one asymptomatic dog kept in an animal shelter in the metropolitan area of rio de janeiro, brazil. the rna polymerase beta subunit-encoding gene was sequenced to confirm the species identity. c. ulcerans strains producing phospholipase d, but not diphtheria toxin, are able to cause severe disease in humans, such as pneumonia and granulomatous nodules in pulmonary tissues. the infection rate varies really widely by region, probably because of th ... | 2010 | 20055577 |
| corynebacterium ulcerans bronchopneumonia in a dog. | | 2010 | 20337919 |
| screening for corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans in patients with upper respiratory tract infections 2007-2008: a multicentre european study. | diphtheria is now rare in most european countries but, when cases do arise, the case fatality rate is high (5-10%). because few countries continue to routinely screen for the causative organisms of diphtheria, the extent to which they are circulating amongst different european populations is largely unknown. during 2007-2008, ten european countries each screened between 968 and 8551 throat swabs from patients with upper respiratory tract infections. six toxigenic strains of corynebacterium dipht ... | 2011 | 20491827 |
| preliminary investigation into the prevalence of mucormycosis in the platypus (ornithorhynchus anatinus) in three catchments in north-west tasmania. | to investigate the distribution and prevalence of mucormycosis in platypus (ornithorhynchus anatinus) from the inglis, emu and black-detention catchment areas in north-west tasmania. | 2010 | 20529030 |
| diphtheria in the united kingdom, 1986-2008: the increasing role of corynebacterium ulcerans. | diphtheria is an uncommon disease in the uk due to an effective immunization programme; consequently when cases do arise, there can be delays in diagnosis and case-fatality rates remain high. we reviewed 102 patients with infections caused by toxigenic corynebacteria (an average of four per year) reported in the uk between 1986 and 2008: 42 corynebacterium diphtheriae, 59 c. ulcerans and one c. pseudotuberculosis, as well as 23 asymptomatic carriers. five fatalities were reported, all in unvacci ... | 2010 | 20696088 |
| toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans infection in a veterinary student in london, united kingdom, may 2010. | we report on a case of toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans infection in a fully immunised veterinary student, investigated in london, united kingdom, in may 2010. there was no ongoing transmission in human contacts. possible animal sources were identified. | 2010 | 20738991 |
| two japanese corynebacterium ulcerans isolates from the same hospital: ribotype, toxigenicity and serum antitoxin titre. | two toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans isolates recovered from pharyngeal swabs of two patients from the same hospital in japan during 2001-2002 were characterized by pfge and ribotyping. toxin production in different culture media was examined and serological analysis of patient sera was performed. the two isolates could not be distinguished by pfge; however, their ribotypes were distinguishable. one of the isolates could represent a novel ribotype. analysis of toxin production in different cul ... | 2010 | 20813850 |
| acute peritonitis due to corynebacterium ulcerans in a patient receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a case report and literature review. | a 55-year-old japanese woman receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) was admitted to our service with abdominal pain and cloudy peritoneal fluid. laboratory data revealed a white blood cell count of 7.20 × 10(9 )cells/l, hemoglobin 9.8 g/dl, hematocrit 29.0%, platelet count 284 × 10(9 )cells/l, and c-reactive protein (crp) 0.109 g/l. peritoneal fluid white blood cell count of 2,000 cells/µl suggested acute peritonitis. an empiric trial of cefazolin and ceftazidime, subsequentl ... | 2011 | 20838844 |
| notes from the field: respiratory diphtheria-like illness caused by toxigenic corynebacterium ulcerans --- idaho, 2010. | on september 12, 2010, the idaho department of health and welfare was notified of a case of respiratory diphtheria-like illness in an idaho man aged 80 years whose pharyngeal specimens yielded corynebacterium ulcerans. although c. ulcerans is zoonotic, the patient reported no animal contact or consumption of an unpasteurized dairy product. his vaccination history was unknown. respiratory diphtheria-like illness from c. ulcerans is uncommon but has been reported in industrialized countries where ... | 2011 | 21270746 |
| rapid detection and molecular differentiation of toxigenic corynebacterium diphtheriae and corynebacterium ulcerans strains by lightcycler pcr. | the systemic symptoms of diphtheria are caused by the tox-encoded diphtheria toxin (dt) which is produced by toxigenic corynebacterium spp. besides the classical agent c. diphtheriae, the zoonotic pathogen c. ulcerans has increasingly been reported as an emerging pathogen for diphtheria. the reliable detection of toxigenic corynebacterium spp. is substantial for both diphtheria surveillance in the public health sector and the clinical work-up of a patient with diphtheria-like symptoms. since the ... | 2011 | 21593261 |