| chlamydia isopodii sp. n., an obligate intracellular parasite of porcellio scaber. | in an ultrastructural study of the hepatopancreas of porcellio scaber, an obligate intracellular parasite, chlamydia, was noted in the epithelial cells. although the infection was found to extend the entire length of the hepatopancreas, it was most extensive in the glandular region. indirect immunofluorescence testing revealed no cross-reactivity with either lymphogranuloma venereum or psittacosis antisera. | 1985 | 3979656 |
| the arthromitus stage of bacillus cereus: intestinal symbionts of animals. | in the guts of more than 25 species of arthropods we observed filaments containing refractile inclusions previously discovered and named "arthromitus" in 1849 by joseph leidy [leidy, j. (1849) proc. acad. nat. sci. philadelphia 4, 225-233]. we cultivated these microbes from boiled intestines of 10 different species of surface-cleaned soil insects and isopod crustaceans. literature review and these observations lead us to conclude that arthromitus are spore-forming, variably motile, cultivable ba ... | 1998 | 9448315 |
| morphological description of bacterial infection of digestive glands in the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber (isopoda, crustacea) | morphological studies of the hepatopancreas of the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber revealed bacterial infection. the percentage of infected animals collected from the same site varied from 0 to 10% during the 4 years of study. transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and light microscopy revealed that infected glands differed from those in healthy isopods. the most prominent sign was white spots between 100 and 200 &mgr;m in diameter along the entire gland. these spots ... | 1999 | 9878297 |
| arthromitus (bacillus cereus) symbionts in the cockroach blaberus giganteus: dietary influences on bacterial development and population density. | the filamentous spore-forming bacterium arthromitus, discovered in termites, millipedes, sow bugs and other soil-dwelling arthropods by leidy (1850), is the intestinal stage of bacillus cereus. we extend the range of arthromitus habitats to include the hindgut of blaberus giganteus, the large tropical american cockroach. the occurrence and morphology of the intestinal form of the bacillus were compared in individual cockroaches (n=24) placed on four different diet regimes: diurnally maintained i ... | 1999 | 11762374 |
| ' candidatus hepatincola porcellionum' gen. nov., sp. nov., a new, stalk-forming lineage of rickettsiales colonizing the midgut glands of a terrestrial isopod. | the midgut glands (hepatopancreas) of terrestrial isopods are densely colonized by hitherto uncultivated bacteria. in the case of the common woodlouse, porcellio scaber (crustacea: isopoda), the symbionts represent a novel lineage in the alpha-subdivision of proteobacteria. based on comparative sequence analysis of their 16s rrna genes, their closest (albeit distant) relatives were among the rickettsiales, which are intracellular symbionts or pathogens of many animals. transmission electron micr ... | 2004 | 14770277 |
| 'candidatus rhabdochlamydia porcellionis', an intracellular bacterium from the hepatopancreas of the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber (crustacea: isopoda). | intracellular bacteria were observed in the hepatopancreas of the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber. comparative 16s rrna gene sequence analysis and electron microscopic observations were used to determine the taxonomic position of these intracellular bacteria. phylogenetic analysis and a complex developmental cycle affiliate these bacteria to the order chlamydiales, within which they form a distinctive lineage, close to the family simkaniaceae. they share <92 % 16s rrna gene sequence similari ... | 2004 | 15023973 |
| anaerobic bacteria in the gut of terrestrial isopod crustacean porcellio scaber. | anaerobic bacteria from porcellio scaber hindgut were identified and, subsequently, isolated using molecular approach. phylogenetic affiliation of bacteria associated with the hindgut wall was determined by analysis of bacterial 16s rrna gene sequences which were retrieved directly from washed hindguts of p. scaber. sequences from bacteria related to obligate anaerobic bacteria from genera bacteroides and enterococcus were retrieved, as well as sequences from 'a1 subcluster' of the wall-less mol ... | 2004 | 15227793 |
| "candidatus hepatoplasma crinochetorum," a new, stalk-forming lineage of mollicutes colonizing the midgut glands of a terrestrial isopod. | uncultivated bacteria that densely colonize the midgut glands (hepatopancreas) of the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber (crustacea: isopoda) were identified by cloning and sequencing of their 16s rrna genes. phylogenetic analysis revealed that these symbionts represent a novel lineage of the mollicutes and are only distantly related (<82% sequence identity) to members of the mycoplasmatales and entomoplasmatales. fluorescence in situ hybridization with a specific oligonucleotide probe confirme ... | 2004 | 15466563 |
| accurate determination of cd, cr, cu and ni in woodlice and their skins--is moulting a means of detoxification? | cd, cr, cu and ni were determined in two different species of woodlice: porcellio scaber and porcellio dilatatus. both p. scaber and p. dilatatus were cultivated under standardized conditions in a climatic chamber. moreover, skins of the cultivated animals were collected and analysed separately to examine whether moulting is a way of detoxification from these elements. after drying and grinding both animal and skin samples, they were pooled to obtain enough sample material for each species. the ... | 2005 | 15626381 |
| energy reserves and metal-storage granules in the hepatopancreas of oniscus asellus and porcellio scaber (isopoda) from a metal gradient at avonmouth, uk. | isopods taken from populations of onsicus asellus and porcellio scaber from long-term polluted sites in the vicinity of metal smelting works at avonmouth, south west england, and from a control site near tübingen, south germany, were examined for the frequency and size of metal-containing granules (spherites), lipid droplets and glycogen in their hepatopancreas. the number and size of spherites in the hepatopancreas of o. asellus increased with decreasing distance to the smelter, but such a tren ... | 2004 | 15736849 |
| lead and cadmium in indoor air and the urban environment. | the present study was conducted to find potential terrestrial biomonitors for heavy metals in indoor air in an urban environment. tsp, pm(10), and pm(2.5) were collected in three retirement facilities in the urban area of vienna. in addition, particulate matter and soil, vegetation, and isopods (porcellio scaber l.) were collected in the adjacent garden areas. aerosols were sampled with a low-volume air sampler. the sampled materials were wet ashed and total lead and cadmium contents were determ ... | 2005 | 15809107 |
| metallothionein-like proteins and zinc--copper interaction in the hindgut of porcellio scaber (crustacea: isopoda) exposed to zinc. | metallothioneins (mts) are ubiquitous low-molecular-weight metal-binding proteins, with a variety of functions in metal metabolism ascribed to them. among terrestrial invertebrates, mts have been studied in nematodes, insects, snails, and earthworms. the aim of this study was the characterization of mt-like proteins in the terrestrial isopod crustacean porcellio scaber in order to analyze their probable role in the metabolism of copper (cu) and zinc (zn). dietary zn supplementation (793 microg z ... | 2005 | 16141473 |
| diversity of commensal bacillus cereus sensu lato isolated from the common sow bug (porcellio scaber, isopoda). | although bacillus cereus sensu lato are important both from an ecological and an economical point of view, little is known about their population structure, ecology, and relationships with other organisms. in the present work, the genotypic similarity of arthropod-borne b. cereus s.l. isolates, and their symbiotic relationship with the host are assessed. bacilli of this group were recovered from the digestive tracts of sow bugs (porcellio scaber) collected in three closely located sites. their g ... | 2006 | 16542411 |
| toxicity of abamectin and doramectin to soil invertebrates. | this study aimed at determining the toxicity of avermectins to soil invertebrates in soil and in faeces from recently treated sheep. abamectin was more toxic than doramectin. in soil, earthworms (eisenia andrei) were most affected with lc50s of 18 and 228 mg/kg dry soil, respectively, while lc50s were 67-111 and >300 mg/kg for springtails (folsomia candida), isopods (porcellio scaber) and enchytraeids (enchytraeus crypticus). ec50s for the effect on reproduction of springtails and enchytraeids w ... | 2008 | 17434247 |
| bacterial symbionts in the hepatopancreas of isopods: diversity and environmental transmission. | the midgut glands (hepatopancreas) of terrestrial isopods contain bacterial symbionts. we analysed the phylogenetic diversity of hepatopancreatic bacteria in isopod species from various suborders colonizing marine, semiterrestrial, terrestrial and freshwater habitats. hepatopancreatic bacteria were absent in the marine isopod idotea balthica (valvifera). the symbiotic bacteria present in the midgut glands of the freshwater isopod asellus aquaticus (asellota) were closely related to members of th ... | 2007 | 17506824 |
| "candidatus bacilloplasma," a novel lineage of mollicutes associated with the hindgut wall of the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber (crustacea: isopoda). | pointed, rod-shaped bacteria colonizing the cuticular surface of the hindgut of the terrestrial isopod crustacean porcellio scaber (crustacea: isopoda) were investigated by comparative 16s rrna gene sequence analysis and electron microscopy. the results of phylogenetic analysis, and the absence of a cell wall, affiliated these bacteria with the class mollicutes, within which they represent a novel and deeply branched lineage, sharing less than 82.6% sequence similarity to known mollicutes. the l ... | 2007 | 17630315 |
| effects of ingested nano-sized titanium dioxide on terrestrial isopods (porcellio scaber). | the effects of ingested nano-sized titanium dioxide (tio2; anatase, 15 nm) on the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber (isopoda, crustacea) after short-term (3-d) dietary exposure were studied. activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (cat) and glutathione-s-transferase (gst), in digestive glands were affected in a dose-independent manner, but higher-level isopod endpoints, including weight change, feeding rate, food assimilation efficiency, and survival, were not affected up to the hi ... | 2008 | 19086208 |
| biochemical biomarkers in environmental studies--lessons learnt from enzymes catalase, glutathione s-transferase and cholinesterase in two crustacean species. | for reliable environmental risk assessment of pollutants, knowledge on the effects at different levels of biological organisation is needed. during the early days of biomarker research in environmental studies approximately two decades ago, biochemical biomarkers were considered as the most promising tool for such purposes. among these, three enzymes have often been studied: catalase (cat), glutathione s-transferase (gst) and cholinesterase (che). however, despite their intensive research, their ... | 2010 | 19259718 |
| bioaccumulation in porcellio scaber (crustacea, isopoda) as a measure of the edta remediation efficiency of metal-polluted soil. | leaching using edta applied to a pb, zn and cd polluted soil significantly reduced soil metal concentrations and the pool of metals in labile soil fractions. metal mobility (toxicity characteristic leaching procedure), phytoavailability (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid extraction) and human oral-bioavailability (physiologically based extraction test) were reduced by 85-92%, 68-91% and 88-95%, respectively. the metal accumulation capacity of the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber (crustacea) ... | 2009 | 19464095 |
| solar ultraviolet radiation alters alder and birch litter chemistry that in turn affects decomposers and soil respiration. | solar ultraviolet (uv)-a and uv-b radiation were excluded from branches of grey alder (alnus incana) and white birch (betula pubescens) trees in a field experiment. leaf litter collected from these trees was used in microcosm experiments under laboratory conditions. the aim was to evaluate the effects of the different uv treatments on litter chemical quality (phenolic compounds, c, n and lignin) and the subsequent effects of these changes on soil fauna and decomposition processes. we measured th ... | 2009 | 19597848 |
| genetic diversity of bacteria associated with the hindgut of the terrestrial crustacean porcellio scaber (crustacea: isopoda). | molecular approaches were used to examine the genetic diversity of bacteria associated with the gut wall of the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber and to determine whether an autochthonous microflora exists in the p. scaber hindgut. 16s ribosomal genes were amplified from the total dna isolated from thoroughly washed papillate regions of the hindgut, where the highest concentrations of bacteria are commonly found. the amplified genes were cloned, sequenced and phylogenetically analysed. the res ... | 2002 | 19709225 |
| long-term hg pollution-induced structural shifts of bacterial community in the terrestrial isopod (porcellio scaber) gut. | in previous studies we detected lower species richness and lower hg sensitivity of the bacteria present in egested guts of porcellio scaber (crustacea, isopoda) from chronically hg polluted than from unpolluted environment. basis for such results were further investigated by sequencing of 16s rrna genes of mercury-resistant (hgr) isolates and clone libraries. we observed up to 385 times higher numbers of hgr bacteria in guts of animals from polluted than from unpolluted environment. the majority ... | 2010 | 20724045 |
| does monensin in chicken manure from poultry farms pose a threat to soil invertebrates? | monensin is a carboxylic polyether ionophore used in the poultry industry as a coccidiostat. it enters the environment via manure from broiler farms. in spite of its potential presence in the environment, information concerning monensin residues in manure and soil and its toxicity to soil organisms are insufficient. in the present study, two beneficial soil invertebrate species, earthworms (eisenia andrei) and woodlice (porcellio scaber), were used to assess the toxicity of monensin. animals wer ... | 2011 | 21215424 |
| epithelial structure in the anterior segment of the vas deferens of an isopod, porcellio scaber (latreille). | | 2014 | 4165693 |
| the ultrastructure of the androgenic gland in porcellio scaber later. (terrestrial isopods). | this paper presents the normal ultrastructural features of the androgenic gland in porcellio scaber. it describes the changes in the organelles of its cells through the course of the secretory cycle, which terminates with the regression and destruction of these holocrine glandular cells. as products of this activity, the electron-opaque bodies (granules, lysosomes, agglomerates) and clear substances accumulate in the cytoplasm. with the destruction of the cell membrane, the entire cell content p ... | 1980 | 1000604 |
| the toxicity of zinc to terrestrial isopods in a "standard" laboratory test. | a method is described for assessing the effects of metals on the food consumption rate of isopods from measurements of fecal production. the effects of zinc in the diets of two isopod species, porcellio scaber and oniscus asellus, were tested. the metal was fed to the isopods on leaves of field maple (acer campestre) contaminated with concentrations ranging between 1000 and 10,000 micrograms zn g-1 leaf dry wt. significant reductions in feeding rates were observed of the highest concentrations o ... | 1995 | 7544260 |
| zinc, among a 'cocktail' of metal pollutants, is responsible for the absence of the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber from the vicinity of a primary smelting works. | : porcellio scaber latreille (crustacea: isopoda) of one month in age were reared for a year on leaf litter of field maple (acer campestre) contaminated in the laboratory with a range of concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead or zinc. the metals were applied topically to the leaves as nitrates. growth and survival, numbers of live offspring produced by females that matured, and concentrations of metals in adult isopods at the end of the experiment were measured.'critical concentrations' of meta ... | 1994 | 24201867 |
| bioaccumulation of hexachlorobenzene in the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber. | a test system to investigate the biomagnification of organic chemicals in the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber was developed and validated. adult isopods were fed on alder leaf powder (alnus glutinosa) spiked with [(14) c]hexachlorobenzene (hcb). test animals, sampled regularly during the uptake (16 d) and depuration phases (16 d), were analyzed, and the kinetics of tissue concentrations were determined. uptake (k1 ) and depuration rates (k2 ) were calculated to estimate kinetic biomagnificat ... | 2016 | 27144377 |
| an ethylene-protected achilles' heel of etiolated seedlings for arthropod deterrence. | a small family of kunitz protease inhibitors exists in arabidopsis thaliana, a member of which (encoded by at1g72290) accomplishes highly specific roles during plant development. arabidopsis kunitz-protease inhibitor 1 (kunitz-pi;1), as we dubbed this protein here, is operative as cysteine pi. activity measurements revealed that despite the presence of the conserved kunitz-motif the bacterially expressed kunitz-pi;1 was unable to inhibit serine proteases such as trypsin and chymotrypsin, but ver ... | 2016 | 27625656 |
| water-soluble chlorophyll protein is involved in herbivore resistance activation during greening of arabidopsis thaliana. | water-soluble chlorophyll proteins (wscps) constitute a small family of unusual chlorophyll (chl)-binding proteins that possess a kunitz-type protease inhibitor domain. in arabidopsis thaliana, a wscp has been identified, named atwscp, that forms complexes with chl and the chl precursor chlorophyllide (chlide) in vitro. atwscp exhibits a quite unexpected expression pattern for a chl binding protein and accumulated to high levels in the apical hook of etiolated plants. atwscp expression was negat ... | 2015 | 26016527 |
| detritivorous crustaceans become herbivores on jasmonate-deficient plants. | the jasmonate signal pathway is known to control defenses against herbivores, such as leaf eaters (folivores). does the reach of the pathway extend to defense against other types of animal? among the arthropods attracted to seed baits placed below flowering arabidopsis thaliana plants are 2 largely nocturnal isopod crustaceans generally considered as detritivores: porcellio scaber and armadillidium vulgare. parallel laboratory experiments identified the isopods as being capable of predation on i ... | 2009 | 19139394 |
| body shape in terrestrial isopods: a morphological mechanism to resist desiccation? | woodlice are fully terrestrial crustaceans and are known to be sensitive to water loss. their half-ellipsoidal shapes represent simple models in which to investigate theoretical assumptions about organism morphology and rates of exchange with the environment. we examine the influence of surface area and mass on the desiccation rates in three eco-morphologically different species of woodlice: oniscus asellus, porcellio scaber, and armadillidium vulgare. our analysis indicates that the rate of wat ... | 2015 | 26289755 |
| draft genome sequence of "candidatus hepatoplasma crinochetorum" ps, a bacterial symbiont in the hepatopancreas of the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber. | "candidatus hepatoplasma crinochetorum" ps is an extracellular symbiont residing in the hepatopancreas of the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber. its genome is highly similar to that of the close relative "ca. hepatoplasma crinochetorum" av from armadillidium vulgare. however, instead of a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (crispr)-cas system, it encodes a type i restriction modification system. | 2015 | 26272556 |
| ultrastructural characterization and multilocus sequence analysis (mlsa) of 'candidatus rickettsiella isopodorum', a new lineage of intracellular bacteria infecting woodlice (crustacea: isopoda). | the taxonomic genus rickettsiella (gammaproteobacteria; legionellales) comprises intracellular bacteria associated with a wide range of arthropods including insects, arachnids and crustaceans. the present study provides ultrastructural together with genetic evidence for a rickettsiella bacterium in the common rough woodlouse, porcellio scaber (isopoda, porcellionidae), occurring in germany, and shows that this bacterium is very closely related to one of the same genus occurring in california tha ... | 2014 | 24880712 |
| [study on differentiation and extract determination of porcellio scaber and armadillidium vulgare]. | to identify consistency of the composition and efficacy of porcellio scaber and armadillidium vulgare and provide reference for the safe and scientific use of the medicinal material. | 2012 | 23320347 |
| spatial distribution of calcite and amorphous calcium carbonate in the cuticle of the terrestrial crustaceans porcellio scaber and armadillidium vulgare. | the crustacean cuticle is an interesting model to study the properties of mineralized bio-composites. the cuticle consists of an organic matrix composed of chitin-protein fibres associated with various amounts of crystalline and amorphous calcium carbonate. it is thought that in isopods the relative amounts of these mineral polymorphs depend on its function and the habitat of the animal. in addition to the composition, the distribution of the various components should affect the properties of th ... | 2008 | 18550385 |
| the mineral phase in the cuticles of two species of crustacea consists of magnesium calcite, amorphous calcium carbonate, and amorphous calcium phosphate. | the cuticules (shells) of the woodlice porcellio scaber and armadillidium vulgare were analysed with respect to their content of inorganic material. it was found that the cuticles consist of crystalline magnesium calcite, amorphous calcium carbonate (acc), and amorphous calcium phosphate (acp), besides small amounts of water and an organic matrix. it is concluded that the cuticle, which constitutes a mineralized protective organ, is chemically adapted to the biological requirements by this combi ... | 2005 | 15877152 |
| the glycosylated androgenic hormone of the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber (crustacea). | it appears from grafting experiments that the androgenic hormone (ah) of terrestrial isopods has a narrow species-specificity [j. crust. biol. 19 (1999) 684], even if ah of different species shared common epitopes [gen. comp. endocrinol. 125 (2002) 218]. to date only the glycosylated ah of the woodlouse armadillidium vulgare has been deciphered by us [ann. new york acad. sci. 839 (1998) 111; eur. j. biochem. 262 (1999) 727] and [biochem. biophys. res. commun. 264 (1999) 419] have confirmed the p ... | 2004 | 15081839 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of cdnas encoding androgenic gland hormone precursors from two porcellionidae species, porcellio scaber and p. dilatatus. | male sexual characteristics in crustacea are induced by androgenic gland hormone (agh), which is produced by the male-specific androgenic gland. recently, agh in the terrestrial isopod armadillidium vulgare was characterized and its cdna cloned, the first example in which the structure of agh was elucidated. we report here the molecular cloning of cdnas encoding agh precursors from two additional terrestrial isopods, porcellio scaber and p. dilatatus. cdna fragments encoding porcellio scaber agh ... | 2003 | 12560604 |
| replication of an iridovirus in a nematode (mermithidae). | an iridovirus was observed with the electron microscope in the tissues of a mermithid nematode parasitic in the isopods porcellio scaber and armadillidium vulgare. virus particles were seen associated with virogenic areas in the cytoplasm along with viral stages suggestive of particle maturation. extracts of portions of the same nematodes used for transmission electron microscopy appeared positive in serologically specific electron microscopy with antisera prepared against iridescent virus from ... | 1980 | 7251336 |
| a new iridovirus of two species of terrestrial isopods, armadillidium vulgare and porcellio scaber. | a new iridovirus, herein named isopod iridescent virus (iiv), was isolated from two species of terrestrial isopods in berkeley, calif. infected individuals of armadillidium vulgare and porcellio scaber (crustacea:isopoda) appeared purple in color; in thin sections, hemocytes, nerve cells, and fat body cells contained cytoplasmic aggregations of virions. isolated particles, 135 nm in diameter in negative stain, contained dna had included at least 19 polypeptide components. the virus was transmitt ... | 1980 | 7203967 |
| a novel approach to the measurement of surfactant parameters in arthropod digestive juices. | in arthropods, the determination of two important parameters of digestive juices, i.e. the total surfactant concentration and the critical micelle concentration (cmc), is challenging due to small sample volumes and low surfactant concentrations. in this work, we report a successful implementation of potentiometric titrations using the surfactant ion-selective electrode (sise) and the pyrene fluorescence method (pfm) for the determination of the total surfactant concentration and cmc in the diges ... | 2016 | 26969560 |
| demonstration of substances immunologically related to the identified arthropod neuropeptides akh/rpch in the cns of several invertebrate species. | the occurrence of adipokinetic hormone (akh) and red pigment concentrating hormone (rpch)-like neuropeptides in the central nervous system of different invertebrate species other than insects was investigated immunocytochemically with polyclonal antisera to n- and c-terminal regions of the akh molecule. substances reacting with the c-terminal specific antiserum code 241 were present in neurons of the pond snail, lymnaea stagnalis, the sowbug porcellio scaber, the centiped lithobius forficatus an ... | 1987 | 3567623 |
| the role of coprophagy in the feeding strategies of terrestrial isopods. | the hypothesis that faeces recycling in isopods evolved as an adaption to facilitate maintenance of an adequate copper balance in terrestrial environments is examined. experimental observations on the consumption, absorption and growth rates of porcellio scaber fed betula pendula leaf litter varying in copper content and extent of microbial decay are reported. preventing the isopods from reingesting their faeces caused a reduction in the growth rates of experimental animals fed their natural low ... | 1982 | 28311744 |
| evolutionary change in neural development within the arthropods: axonogenesis in the embryos of two crustaceans. | it has been previously suggested that there is a conservative program for neural development amongst the arthropods, on the basis that a stereotyped set of cells involved in establishing the axon tracts in the cns of insect embryos is also present in crayfish embryos. we have examined the spatiotemporal pattern of axon growth from a set of early differentiating central neurons in the embryo of two crustaceans, the woodlouse porcellio scaber and the freshwater crayfish cherax destructor, and draw ... | 1993 | 8223272 |
| an investigation into the chemical composition of alternative invertebrate prey. | the aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition of eight invertebrate species and evaluate their suitability as alternative prey. the species selected were rusty red cockroaches (blatta lateralis), six-spotted cockroaches (eublaberus distanti), madagascar hissing cockroaches (gromphadorhina portentosa), fruit flies (drosophila melanogaster), false katydids (microcentrum rhombifolium), beetles of the mealworm (tenebrio molitor), and superworm beetles (zophobas morio), as well as w ... | 2013 | 21442652 |
| expression of ca2+-atpase and na+/ca2+-exchanger is upregulated during epithelial ca2+ transport in hypodermal cells of the isopod porcellio scaber. | it is thought that a plasma membrane ca(2+)-transport atpase (pmca) and a na(+)/ca(2+)-exchange (nce) mechanism are involved in epithelial ca(2+) transport (ect) in a variety of crustacean epithelia. the sternal epithelium of the terrestrial isopod porcellio scaber was used as a model for the analysis of ca(2+)-extrusion mechanisms in the hypodermal epithelium. using rt-pcr, we amplified a cdna fragment of 1173 bp that encodes a protein sequence possessing 72% identity to the pmca from drosophil ... | 2002 | 12208233 |
| neurons and glia in the midline of the higher crustacean orchestia cavimana are generated via an invariant cell lineage that comprises a median neuroblast and glial progenitors. | midline cells are a common feature of both insects and crustaceans. midline cells in the insects schistocerca americana and drosophila melanogaster have been shown to give rise to pairs of either neurons or glial cells (midline precursor) as well as to repeatedly generate neurons (median neuroblast) or both neurons and glia (median neuroglioblast). this study addresses midline cell lineages in a higher crustacean, the amphipod orchestia cavimana. in vivo labeling of single midline cells shows th ... | 2001 | 11437446 |
| evolution of distinct expression patterns for engrailed paralogues in higher crustaceans (malacostraca). | the segment-polarity gene engrailed of drosophila melanogaster and its homologues in other arthropods possess a highly conserved expression domain in the posterior portion of each segment. we report here that the two pan-specific antibodies, mab4d9 and mab4f11, reveal strikingly different accumulation patterns in both of the malacostracan crustaceans porcellio scaber (isopoda) and procambarus clarkii (decapoda), compared with insects. the signal detected with mab4d9 resides in the posterior part ... | 2000 | 11180798 |
| homologs of drosophila appendage genes in the patterning of arthropod limbs. | studies of the genes involved in patterning the appendages of drosophila melanogaster have revealed a system of signaling and transcriptional regulation that is responsible for specifying the proximo-distal limb axis. here we report the expression patterns of presumptive homologs of the drosophila genes extradenticle, dachshund, nubbin, ventral veins lacking (a.k.a. cf1-a), and dll in the limbs of the woodlouse porcellio scaber and the spider steatoda triangulosa. although the expression domains ... | 2000 | 11071783 |
| environmental assessment of depleted uranium used in military armor-piercing rounds in terrestrial systems. | depleted uranium (du) from the military testing and use of armor-piercing kinetic energy penetrators has been shown to accumulate in soils; however, little is known about the toxicity of du geochemical species created through corrosion or weathering. the purpose of the present study was to assess the toxic effects and bioaccumulation potential of field-collected du oxides to the model terrestrial invertebrates eisenia fetida (earthworm) and porcellio scaber (isopod). earthworm studies were acute ... | 2014 | 24549573 |
| comparative toxicity of imidacloprid and thiacloprid to different species of soil invertebrates. | neonicotinoid insecticides have come under increasing scrutiny for their impact on non-target organisms, especially pollinators. the current scientific literature is mainly focused on the impact of these insecticides on pollinators and some aquatic insects, leaving a knowledge gap concerning soil invertebrates. this study aimed at filling this gap, by determining the toxicity of imidacloprid and thiacloprid to five species of soil invertebrates: earthworms (eisenia andrei), enchytraeids (enchytr ... | 2017 | 28337632 |
| comparative ecotoxicity of chlorantraniliprole to non-target soil invertebrates. | the insecticide chlorantraniliprole (cap) is gaining importance in agricultural practice, but data on its possible negative effects on non-target organisms is severely deficient. this study therefore determined cap toxicity to non-target soil invertebrates playing a crucial role in ecosystem functioning, including springtails (folsomia candida), isopods (porcellio scaber), enchytraeids (enchytraeus crypticus) and oribatid mites (oppia nitens). in sublethal toxicity tests in lufa 2.2 soil, chroni ... | 2016 | 27337437 |
| pah biotransformation in terrestrial invertebrates--a new phase ii metabolite in isopods and springtails. | soil-living invertebrates are exposed to high concentrations of contaminants accumulating in dead organic matter, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). the capacity for pah biotransformation is not equally developed in all invertebrates. in this paper, we compare three species of invertebrates, porcellio scaber (isopoda), eisenia andrei (lumbricidae) and folsomia candida (collembola), for the metabolites formed upon exposure to pyrene. metabolic products of pyrene biotransformation in ... | 2004 | 15450860 |
| sublethal sensitivity index as an ecotoxicity parameter measuring energy allocation under toxicant stress: application to cadmium in soil arthropods. | toxic substances may affect the life history of a species in a variety of ways. different species maintain different priorities in coping with the physiological consequences of toxicant-induced stress. this is expressed by changes in energy allocation to different life-history characteristics which may have great consequences for the response at the population level. in this study the terrestrial invertebrates platynothrus peltifer (oribatida), orchesella cincta, folsomia candida (collembola), a ... | 1995 | 7498055 |
| crustacean (malacostracan) hox genes and the evolution of the arthropod trunk. | representatives of the insecta and the malacostraca (higher crustaceans) have highly derived body plans subdivided into several tagma, groups of segments united by a common function and/or morphology. the tagmatization of segments in the trunk, the part of the body between head and telson, in both lineages is thought to have evolved independently from ancestors with a distinct head but a homonomous, undifferentiated trunk. in the branchiopod crustacean, artemia franciscana, the trunk hox genes a ... | 2000 | 10804167 |
| lanthanum toxicity to five different species of soil invertebrates in relation to availability in soil. | this study determined the toxicity of lanthanum, one of the most commonly used rare earth elements (rees), to five representative soil invertebrates after 3-4 weeks exposure. toxicity was related to total, 0.01 m cacl2-extractable and porewater concentrations in the standard lufa 2.2 soil, and for earthworms also to body concentrations. la sorption to lufa 2.2 soil, estimated by relating total soil concentrations to cacl2-extractable or porewater concentrations seemed to reach saturation at >100 ... | 2018 | 29154116 |