| arbovirus infections in sarawak, october 1968--february 1970 tembusu and sindbis virus isolations from mosquitoes. | thirty isolations of tembusu virus and four of sindbis virus were obtained from approximately 280 000 mosquitoes collected between october 1968 and february 1970 in sarawak, particularly from k. tijirak, a land dyak village 19 miles south of kuching. twenty-two isolations of tembusu virus and two of sindbis virus were from culex tritaeniorhynchus; two of tembusu virus and two of sindbis virus came from culex gelidus. tembusu virus was active throughout the year at k. tijirak, the highest infecti ... | 1975 | 235907 |
| phylogeny of the genus flavivirus. | we undertook a comprehensive phylogenetic study to establish the genetic relationship among the viruses of the genus flavivirus and to compare the classification based on molecular phylogeny with the existing serologic method. by using a combination of quantitative definitions (bootstrap support level and the pairwise nucleotide sequence identity), the viruses could be classified into clusters, clades, and species. our phylogenetic study revealed for the first time that from the putative ancesto ... | 1998 | 9420202 |
| identification of a flavivirus isolated from mosquitos in chiang mai thailand. | a virus isolate, thcar105/92, from a pool of mosquitos, culex tritaeniorhynchus, collected in chiang mai, thailand in 1992, appeared to be a member of the genus flavivirus of the family flaviviridae, based on the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using flavivirus cross-reacting primer pairs, electron microscopic examination, and serological tests. however, rt-pcr using japanese encephalitis (je) virus-specific primers showed that the isolate was different from je virus. su ... | 1999 | 10695806 |
| encephalitis and retarded growth of chicks caused by sitiawan virus, a new isolate belonging to the genus flavivirus. | a new virus named sitiawan virus (sv) was isolated from sick broiler chicks in chicken embryos. the virus replicated well with cytopathogenic effect (cpe) in the chicken b-lymphocyte cell line lscc-bk3. the virus was an enveloped rna virus of approximately 41 nm in size with hemagglutinating activity (ha) to goose erythrocytes. it was cross-reactive with japanese encephalitis virus (jev), a member of flaviviruses by ha inhibition tests but not by cross-virus neutralization tests. the cdna fragme ... | 2000 | 11358004 |
| duck egg-drop syndrome caused by byd virus, a new tembusu-related flavivirus. | since april 2010, a severe outbreak of duck viral infection, with egg drop, feed uptake decline and ovary-oviduct disease, has spread around the major duck-producing regions in china. a new virus, named byd virus, was isolated in different areas, and a similar disease was reproduced in healthy egg-producing ducks, infecting with the isolated virus. the virus was re-isolated from the affected ducks and replicated well in primary duck embryo fibroblasts and vero cells, causing the cytopathic effec ... | 2011 | 21455312 |
| an infectious disease of ducks caused by a newly emerged tembusu virus strain in mainland china. | during investigations into an outbreak of egg production decline, retarded growth, and even death among ducks in southeast china, a novel tembusu virus strain named tembusu virus fengxian 2010 (fx2010) was isolated. this virus replicated in embryonated chicken eggs and caused embryo death. in cross-neutralization tests, antiserum to the partial e protein of tembusu virus mm1775 strain neutralized fx2010, whereas antiserum to japanese encephalitis virus did not. fx2010 is an enveloped rna virus o ... | 2011 | 21722935 |
| Establishing a TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay for the rapid detection and quantification of the newly emerged duck Tembusu virus. | To establish an accurate, rapid, and a quantifiable method for the detection of the newly emerged duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) that recently caused a widespread infectious disease in ducks in China, we developed a TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay by using E gene-specific primers and a TaqMan probe. This real-time PCR assay was 100 times more sensitive than the conventional PCR. The reproducibility and specificity of the real-time PCR assay were confirmed using plasmids containing E genes or RNAs a ... | 2011 | 21978536 |
| rapid detection of tembusu virus by reverse-transcription, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp). | summary a sensitive reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay was developed for the rapid detection of tembusu virus (tmuv) infection. the reaction was performed in one step in a single tube at 64°c for 45 min, with sybr green i dye added prior to amplification. the detection limit of the rt-lamp assay was approximately 10 copies/μl, and no cross-reaction with other avian viruses was observed. the assay was evaluated further for the diagnosis of tmuv in field s ... | 2011 | 21914154 |
| Tembusu virus in ducks, china. | In China in 2010, a disease outbreak in egg-laying ducks was associated with a flavivirus. The virus was isolated and partially sequenced. The isolate exhibited 87%-91% identity with strains of Tembusu virus, a mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Ntaya virus group. These findings demonstrate emergence of Tembusu virus in ducks. | 2011 | 22000358 |
| analysis of the complete genome of tembusu virus, a flavivirus isolated from ducks in china. | during investigations into the outbreak of duck viral infection in 2010 in china, with a severe drop in egg production, a flavivirus was isolated from the affected ducks. it was characterized as a tembusu virus (tmuv). in this study, we obtained a complete genome sequence of tembusu virus using rt-pcr and race techniques. tmuv genome is a singled-stranded rna, with 10 990 nucleotides in length, and contains a single open reading frame (3410 amino acids) encoding 11 viral proteins with 5'and 3'no ... | 2011 | 22103739 |
| development of a blocking elisa for detection of serum neutralizing antibodies against newly emerged duck tembusu virus. | since april 2010, domesticated ducks in china have been suffering from an emerging infectious disease characterized by retarded growth, high fever, loss of appetite, decline in egg production, and death. the causative agent was identified as a duck tembusu virus (dtmuv), a member of the ntaya virus (ntav) group within the genus flavivirus, family flaviviridae. dtmuv is highly contagious and spreads rapidly in many species of ducks. more than 10 million shelducks have been infected and approximat ... | 2012 | 23300851 |
| identification and molecular characterization of a novel flavivirus isolated from geese in china. | since april 2010, a novel contagious disease in ducks and geese, with egg drop, feed uptake decline and neurological signs, caused by a newly emerged virus has spread around eastern china. dissection conducted on the dead geese demonstrated hemorrhage in brain, lung, liver, heart, ovary, and enlarged and necrotic spleen. a new virus, named goose/jiangsu/804/2010 (js804) virus, was isolated in jiangsu area from geese. then the virus was re-isolated from the affected geese and replicated well in d ... | 2012 | 23270919 |
| adaptation and attenuation of duck tembusu virus strain du/ch/lsd/110128 following serial passage in chicken embryos. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus that has caused massive economic losses to the duck industry in china. in the current study, a virulent strain of dtmuv, designated du/ch/lsd/110128, was isolated from the livers of diseased ducks and attenuated by serial passage in embryonated chicken eggs. the virus was partially attenuated after 50 and 70 passages and was fully attenuated after 90 passages, based on mortality and morbidity rates and viral loads in inoculated ... | 2014 | 24872514 |
| duck tembusu virus exhibits neurovirulence in balb/c mice. | duck tembusu virus is a member of the ntaya group in the genus flavivirus. the virus has been responsible for severe duck egg-drop syndrome in china since 2010. its emergence and rapid spread have caused great economic loss for the poultry industry. the epidemiology of the virus infection and the potential threat to public health is of great concern because of the infective and zoonotic nature of flaviviruses. | 2013 | 23941427 |
| multi-gene detection and identification of mosquito-borne rna viruses using an oligonucleotide microarray. | arthropod-borne viruses are important emerging pathogens world-wide. viruses transmitted by mosquitoes, such as dengue, yellow fever, and japanese encephalitis viruses, infect hundreds of millions of people and animals each year. global surveillance of these viruses in mosquito vectors using molecular based assays is critical for prevention and control of the associated diseases. here, we report an oligonucleotide dna microarray design, termed arbochip5.1, for multi-gene detection and identifica ... | 2013 | 23967358 |
| the emerging duck flavivirus is not pathogenic for primates and is highly sensitive to mammalian interferon antiviral signaling. | flaviviruses pose a significant threat to both animals and humans. recently, a novel flavivirus, duck tembusu virus (dtmuv), was identified to be the causative agent of a serious duck viral disease in asia. its rapid spread, expanding host range, and uncertain transmission routes have raised substantial concerns regarding its potential threats to nonavian hosts, including humans. here, we demonstrate that dtmuv is not pathogenic for nonhuman primates and is highly sensitive to mammal type i inte ... | 2016 | 27147750 |
| an easy operating pathogen microarray (eopm) platform for rapid screening of vertebrate pathogens. | infectious diseases emerge frequently in china, partly because of its large and highly mobile population. therefore, a rapid and cost-effective pathogen screening method with broad coverage is required for prevention and control of infectious diseases. the availability of a large number of microbial genome sequences generated by conventional sanger sequencing and next generation sequencing has enabled the development of a high-throughput high-density microarray platform for rapid large-scale scr ... | 2013 | 24053492 |
| identification of a previously undescribed divergent virus from the flaviviridae family in an outbreak of equine serum hepatitis. | theiler's disease is an acute hepatitis in horses that is associated with the administration of equine blood products; its etiologic agent has remained unknown for nearly a century. here, we used massively parallel sequencing to explore samples from a recent theiler's disease outbreak. metatranscriptomic analysis of the short sequence reads identified a 10.5-kb sequence from a previously undescribed virus of the flaviviridae family, which we designate "theiler's disease-associated virus" (tdav). ... | 2013 | 23509292 |
| ecuador paraiso escondido virus, a new flavivirus isolated from new world sand flies in ecuador, is the first representative of a novel clade in the genus flavivirus. | a new flavivirus, ecuador paraiso escondido virus (epev), named after the village where it was discovered, was isolated from sand flies (psathyromyia abonnenci, formerly lutzomyia abonnenci) that are unique to the new world. this represents the first sand fly-borne flavivirus identified in the new world. epev exhibited a typical flavivirus genome organization. nevertheless, the maximum pairwise amino acid sequence identity with currently recognized flaviviruses was 52.8%. phylogenetic analysis o ... | 2015 | 26355096 |
| new insights into flavivirus evolution, taxonomy and biogeographic history, extended by analysis of canonical and alternative coding sequences. | to generate the most diverse phylogenetic dataset for the flaviviruses to date, we determined the genomic sequences and phylogenetic relationships of 14 flaviviruses, of which 10 are primarily associated with culex spp. mosquitoes. we analyze these data, in conjunction with a comprehensive collection of flavivirus genomes, to characterize flavivirus evolutionary and biogeographic history in unprecedented detail and breadth. based on the presumed introduction of yellow fever virus into the americ ... | 2015 | 25719412 |
| evaluation of a field-portable dna microarray platform and nucleic acid amplification strategies for the detection of arboviruses, arthropods, and bloodmeals. | highly multiplexed assays, such as microarrays, can benefit arbovirus surveillance by allowing researchers to screen for hundreds of targets at once. we evaluated amplification strategies and the practicality of a portable dna microarray platform to analyze virus-infected mosquitoes. the prototype microarray design used here targeted the non-structural protein 5, ribosomal rna, and cytochrome b genes for the detection of flaviviruses, mosquitoes, and bloodmeals, respectively. we identified 13 of ... | 2012 | 23249687 |
| advanced uracil dna glycosylase-supplemented real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (udg-rrt-lamp) method for universal and specific detection of tembusu virus. | tembusu virus (tmuv) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus which threatens both poultry production and public health. in this study we developed a complete open reading frame alignment-based rrt-lamp method for the universal detection of tumv. to prevent false-positive results, the reaction was supplemented with uracil dna glycosylase (udg) to eliminate carryover contamination. the detection limit of the newly developed udg-rrt-lamp for tmuv was as low as 100 copies/reaction of viral rna and 1 × 10(0.8 ... | 2016 | 27270462 |
| development of a pcr-based reverse genetics system for an attenuated duck tembusu virus strain. | the infectious disease caused by the duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) has resulted in massive economic losses to the chinese duck industry in china since 2010. research on the molecular basis of dtmuv pathogenicity has been hampered by the lack of a reliable reverse genetics system for this virus. here we developed a pcr-based reverse genetics system with high fidelity for the attenuated dtmuv strain fx2010-180p. the rescued virus was characterized by using both indirect immunofluorescence assays (ifa ... | 2016 | 27248497 |
| quantitative proteomic analysis of duck ovarian follicles infected with duck tembusu virus by label-free lc-ms. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus that has caused massive economic losses to the duck industry in china. dtmuv infection mainly results in significant decreases in egg production in egg-laying ducks within 1-2 weeks post infection. however, information on the comparative protein expression of host tissues in response to dtmuv infection is limited. in the present study, the cellular protein response to dtmuv infection in duck ovarian follicles was analyzed using ... | 2016 | 27066001 |
| neglected tropical diseases among the association of southeast asian nations (asean): overview and update. | the ten member states of the association of southeast asian nations (asean) constitute an economic powerhouse, yet these countries also harbor a mostly hidden burden of poverty and neglected tropical diseases (ntds). almost 200 million people live in extreme poverty in asean countries, mostly in the low or lower middle-income countries of indonesia, the philippines, myanmar, viet nam, and cambodia, and many of them are affected by at least one ntd. however, ntds are prevalent even among upper mi ... | 2015 | 25880767 |
| development of conventional and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays to detect tembusu virus in culex tarsalis mosquitoes. | tembusu virus (tmuv) is an important emerging arthropod-borne virus that may cause encephalitis in humans and has been isolated in regions of southeast asia, including malaysia, thailand, and china. currently, detection and identification of tmuv are limited to research laboratories, because quantitative rapid diagnostic assays for the virus do not exist. we describe the development of sensitive and specific conventional and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction ... | 2014 | 25114013 |
| detection of specific antibodies against tembusu virus in ducks by use of an e protein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using eukaryotically expressed e protein as the antigen (termed e-elisa) to detect antibodies to tembusu virus (tmuv) in ducks. the e-elisa did not react with antisera to other known pathogens, indicating the e protein is specific for recognizing anti-tmuv antibodies. compared to the serum neutralization test, the specificity and sensitivity of the e-elisa was 93.2 and 97.8%, respectively. therefore, this e-elisa is a sensitive and rapid ... | 2013 | 23616462 |
| novel cis-acting element within the capsid-coding region enhances flavivirus viral-rna replication by regulating genome cyclization. | cis-acting elements in the viral genome rna (vrna) are essential for the translation, replication, and/or encapsidation of rna viruses. in this study, a novel conserved cis-acting element was identified in the capsid-coding region of mosquito-borne flavivirus. the downstream of 5' cyclization sequence (5'cs) pseudoknot (dcs-pk) element has a three-stem pseudoknot structure, as demonstrated by structure prediction and biochemical analysis. using dengue virus as a model, we show that dcs-pk enhanc ... | 2013 | 23576500 |
| circulation of japanese encephalitis virus in pigs and mosquito vectors within can tho city, vietnam. | japanese encephalitis virus (jev) is a mosquito-borne, zoonotic flavivirus causing encephalitis in humans and reproductive disorder in pigs. jev is present in large parts of asia, where urbanization is high. households within and outside can tho city, south vietnam, were selected to monitor circulation of jev. a nested rt-pcr was established to detect the presence of jev in mosquitoes whereas sera from pigs belonging to households within the province were analyzed for the presence of antibodies ... | 2013 | 23593520 |
| structural, antigenic, and evolutionary characterizations of the envelope protein of newly emerging duck tembusu virus. | since the first reported cases of ducks infected with a previously unknown flavivirus in eastern china in april 2010, the virus, provisionally designated duck tembusu virus (dtmuv), has spread widely in domestic ducks in china and caused significant economic losses to poultry industry. in this study, we examined in detail structural, antigenic, and evolutionary properties of envelope (e) proteins of six dtmuv isolates spanning 2010-2012, each being isolated from individual farms with different g ... | 2013 | 23990944 |
| field detection of tembusu virus in western thailand by rt-pcr and vector competence determination of select culex mosquitoes for transmission of the virus. | tembusu virus (tmuv; ntaya serocomplex) was detected in two pools of mosquitoes captured near sangkhlaburi, thailand, as well as from sera from sentinel ducks from the same area. although tmuv has been isolated from several mosquito species in asia, no studies have ever shown competent vectors for this virus. therefore, we allowed mosquitoes captured near sangkhlaburi to feed on young chickens that had been infected with tmuv. these mosquitoes were tested approximately 2 weeks later to determine ... | 2013 | 24043687 |
| effect of age on the pathogenesis of duck tembusu virus in cherry valley ducks. | the effect of host age on the outcome of duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) infection was studied in ducks. three groups of cherry valley ducks at 1, 3, and 7 weeks of age were intramuscularly infected with dtmuv to systematically observe the clinical symptoms, pathological changes, tissue viral loads, and immune responses. severe clinical symptoms and neurological dysfunction were observed in 1-week-old ducks as early as 2 days post infection (dpi) and some died at 5-7 dpi. three weeks-old ducks showed ... | 2015 | 26106382 |
| transmission dynamics of the recently-identified byd virus causing duck egg-drop syndrome. | baiyangdian (byd) virus is a recently-identified mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes severe disease in ducks, with extremely rapid transmission, up to 15% mortality within 10 days and 90% reduction in egg production on duck farms within 5 days of infection. because of the zoonotic nature of flaviviruses, the characterization of byd virus and its epidemiology are important public health concerns. here, we develop a mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of this novel virus. we validat ... | 2012 | 22529985 |
| complete genome sequence of a novel flavivirus, duck tembusu virus, isolated from ducks and geese in china. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) is an emerging agent that causes a severe disease in ducks. we report herein the first complete genome sequences of duck tembusu virus strains yy5, zj-407, and gh-2, isolated from shaoxing ducks, breeder ducks, and geese, respectively, in china. the genomes of yy5, zj-407, and gh-2 are all 10,990 nucleotides (nt) in length and encode a putative polyprotein of 3,426 amino acids. it is flanked by a 5' and a 3' noncoding region (ncr) of 94 and 618 nt, respectively. knowle ... | 0 | 22354945 |
| duck tembusu virus exhibits pathogenicity to kunming mice by intracerebral inoculation. | in this study, kunming mice were used as the animal models to study the pathogenicity of tmuv. three groups of 3-week-old female kunming mice (n = 15 mice per group) were infected with the sdsg strain of tmuv in 50 μl allantoic fluid (10(4.8) eld50/0.2 ml) respectively by the intracerebral (i.c.), subcutaneous (s.c.) and intranasal (i.n.) routes. the control group (n = 15 mice) was inoculated with 50 μl sterile phosphate-buffered saline. clinical signs, gross, and microscopic lesions, viral load ... | 2016 | 26925054 |
| epitope identification and application for diagnosis of duck tembusu virus infections in ducks. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) causes substantial egg drop disease. dtmuv was first identified in china and rapidly spread to malaysia and thailand. the antigenicity of the dtmuv e protein has not yet been characterized. here, we investigated antigenic sites on the e protein using the non-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) 1f3 and 1a5. two minimal epitopes were mapped to (221)ld/nlpw(225) and (87)yaeyi(91) by using phage display and mutagenesis. dtmuv-positive duck sera reacted with the epito ... | 2016 | 27834908 |
| identification of a new broadly cross-reactive epitope within domain iii of the duck tembusu virus e protein. | in 2010, a pathogenic flavivirus termed duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) caused widespread outbreak of egg-drop syndrome in domesticated ducks in china. although the glycoprotein e of dtmuv is an important structural component of the virus, the b-cell epitopes of this protein remains uncharacterized. using phage display and mutagenesis, we identified a minimal b-cell epitope, (374)exe/dppfg(380), that mediates binding to a nonneutralizing monoclonal antibody. dtmuv-positive duck serum reacted with the ... | 2016 | 27824100 |
| flavidb: a data mining system for knowledge discovery in flaviviruses with direct applications in immunology and vaccinology. | the flavivirus genus is unusually large, comprising more than 70 species, of which more than half are known human pathogens. it includes a set of clinically relevant infectious agents such as dengue, west nile, yellow fever, and japanese encephalitis viruses. although these pathogens have been studied extensively, safe and efficient vaccines lack for the majority of the flaviviruses. | 0 | 25544857 |
| avian tembusu virus infection effectively triggers host innate immune response through mda5 and tlr3-dependent signaling pathways. | avian tembusu virus (atmuv) is a newly emerged flavivirus that belongs to the ntaya virus group. atmuv is a highly pathogenic virus causing significant economic loss to the chinese poultry industry. however, little is known about the role of host innate immune mechanism in defending against atmuv infection. in this study, we found that atmuv infection significantly up-regulated the expression of type i and type iii interferons (ifn) and some critical ifn-stimulated genes (isg) in vivo and in vit ... | 2016 | 27449021 |
| dietary administration of bacillus subtilis enhances growth performance, immune response and disease resistance in cherry valley ducks. | given the promising results of applying bacillus subtilis (b.subtilis) as a probiotic in both humans and animals, the aim of this study was to systematically investigate the effects of b. subtilis on growth performance, immune response and disease resistance in cherry valley ducks. at 28 d post-hatch (dph), ducks fed a diet with b. subtilis weighed significantly more, had higher relative immune organ weights (e.g., bursa of fabricius, thymus, and spleen), and exhibited greater villus heights, vi ... | 2016 | 28008328 |
| cherry valley ducks mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein-mediated signaling pathway and antiviral activity research. | mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (mavs), an adaptor protein of retinoic acid-inducible gene i (rig-i)-like receptors (rlrs)-mediated signal pathway, is involved in innate immunity. in this study, cherry valley duck mavs (dumavs) was cloned from the spleen and analyzed. dumavs was determined to have a caspase activation and recruitment domain at n-terminal, followed by a proline-rich domain and a transmembrane domain at c-terminal. quantitative real-time pcr indicated that dumavs was exp ... | 2016 | 27708647 |
| immune responses of ducks infected with duck tembusu virus. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) can cause serious disease in ducks, characterized by reduced egg production. although the virus has been isolated and detection methods developed, the host immune responses to dtmuv infection are unclear. therefore, we systematically examined the expression of immune-related genes and the viral distribution in dtmuv-infected ducks, using quantitative real-time pcr. our results show that dtmuv replicates quickly in many tissues early in infection, with the highest viral ... | 2015 | 26005441 |
| a panel of stably expressed reference genes for real-time qpcr gene expression studies of mallards (anas platyrhynchos). | determining which reference genes have the highest stability, and are therefore appropriate for normalising data, is a crucial step in the design of real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr) gene expression studies. this is particularly warranted in non-model and ecologically important species for which appropriate reference genes are lacking, such as the mallard--a key reservoir of many diseases with relevance for human and livestock health. previous studies assessing gene expression changes as a conse ... | 2016 | 26886224 |
| efficient strategy to generate a vectored duck enteritis virus delivering envelope of duck tembusu virus. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) is a recently emerging pathogenic flavivirus that has resulted in a huge economic loss in the duck industry. however, no vaccine is currently available to control this pathogen. consequently, a practical strategy to construct a vaccine against this pathogen should be determined. in this study, duck enteritis virus (dev) was examined as a candidate vaccine vector to deliver the envelope (e) of dtmuv. a modified mini-f vector was inserted into the sorf3 and us2 gene junc ... | 2014 | 24956180 |
| complete genome sequence of goose tembusu virus, isolated from jiangnan white geese in jiangsu, china. | avian tembusu virus (tmuv), which was first identified in eastern china, is an emerging virus causing serious economic losses in the chinese poultry industry. here, we report the complete genome sequence of goose tembusu virus strain js804, isolated from jiangnan white geese with severe neurological signs. the genome of js804 is 10,990 nucleotides (nt) in length and contains a single open reading frame encoding a putative polyprotein of 3,425 amino acids. research of the whole sequence of tembus ... | 2013 | 23516233 |
| complete genomic sequence of duck flavivirus from china. | we report here the complete genomic sequence of the chinese duck flavivirus ta strain. this work is the first to document the complete genomic sequence of this previously unknown duck flavivirus strain. the sequence will help further relevant epidemiological studies and extend our general knowledge of flaviviruses. | 0 | 22354941 |
| tembusu-related flavivirus in ducks, thailand. | since 2013, outbreaks of disease caused by duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) have been observed in layer and broiler duck farms in thailand. the virus is closely related to chinese dtmuvs and belongs to the ntaya group of mosquitoborne flaviviruses. these findings represent the emergence of dtmuv in ducks in thailand. | 0 | 26584133 |
| airborne transmission of a novel tembusu virus in ducks. | the routes of transmission of a newly emerged tembusu virus (tmuv, flavivirus) in ducks in china remain unclear. our epidemiological data show that tmuv is spread in winter, when mosquitos are inactive, which suggests that nonvector transmission routes are involved in the spread of tmuv. furthermore, in vivo studies indicate that tmuv can be transmitted efficiently among ducks by both direct contact and aerosol transmission. this finding has important implications for the control of infection wi ... | 2015 | 26063866 |
| live attenuated vaccine based on duck enteritis virus against duck hepatitis a virus types 1 and 3. | as causative agents of duck viral hepatitis, duck hepatitis a virus type 1 (dhav-1) and type 3 (dhav-3) causes significant economic losses in the duck industry. however, a licensed commercial vaccine that simultaneously controls both pathogens is currently unavailable. here, we generated duck enteritis virus recombinants (rc-kce-2vp1) containing both vp1 from dhav-1 (vp1/dhav-1) and vp1 from dhav-3 (vp1/dhav-3) between ul27 and ul26. a self-cleaving 2a-element of fmdv was inserted between the tw ... | 2016 | 27777571 |
| antigen distribution of tmuv and gpv are coincident with the expression profiles of cd8α-positive cells and goose ifnγ. | both tembusu virus (tmuv) and goose parvovirus (gpv) are causative agents of goose disease. however, the host immune response of the goose against these two different categories of virus has not been well documented. here, we compared the clinical symptoms and pathological characteristics, antigen distribution and intensity, and expression of immune-related genes in tmuv- and gpv- infected goose. the immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated that gpv was primarily located in the liver, lung, sm ... | 2016 | 27150912 |
| complete genome sequence of duck tembusu virus isolated from pekin ducks in shanghai, china. | we report here the complete genomic sequence of the duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) sh001 strain, isolated from pekin ducks in shanghai, china, in 2013. the genome of sh001 is 10,990 nucleotides (nt) in length and contains a single open reading frame encoding a putative polyprotein of 3,425 amino acids. | 2015 | 25908131 |
| identification and whole-genome sequence analysis of tembusu virus gx2013g, isolated from a cherry valley duckling in southern china. | a duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) was isolated from the brain of a cherry valley duckling that showed neurological signs by using a specific-pathogen-free chicken embryo. the isolate was named gx2013g (genbank accession no. km275941). the strain gx2013g was identified with reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr), and the amplicon was sequenced. the genome that was obtained is 10,990 nucleotides in length and contains a single open reading frame encoding a putative polyprotein of 3,425 amino acids. this st ... | 2015 | 25700393 |
| the sequential tissue distribution of duck tembusu virus in adult ducks. | in 2010, a novel tembusu virus (tmuv) that caused a severe decrease in the egg production of ducks was isolated in southeast china. given the novelty of this duck pathogen, little information is available regarding its pathogenesis. here, we systematically investigated the replication kinetics of tmuv ptd2010 in adult male and female ducks. we found that ptd2010 was detectable in most of the parenchymatous organs as well as the oviduct and intestinal tract from days 1 to 7 after inoculation. vir ... | 2014 | 25215289 |
| genome analysis of a tembusu virus, gx2013h, isolated from a cheery valley duck in guangxi, china. | we report here the complete genome sequence of a duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) strain, gx2013h, isolated from a duck from cheery valley in the guangxi province of southern china in 2013. we obtained the strain gx2013h from a cheery valley duck with severely decreased egg production and neurological signs. the genome of gx2013h is 10,990 nucleotides (nt) in length and contains a single open reading frame encoding a putative polyprotein of 3,425 amino acids (aa). a comparison of the complete sequence ... | 2014 | 25013132 |
| development and evaluation of a das-elisa for rapid detection of tembusu virus using monoclonal antibodies against the envelope protein. | since april 2010, tembusu virus (tmuv) which is a contagious pathogen of waterfowls, causing symptoms of high fever, loss of appetite and fall in egg production, has been reported in east of china. a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (das-elisa) which detects for tmuv was developed, using two monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the tmuv envelope (e) protein. balb/c mice were immunized with purified recombinant e protein expressed in e. coli. three hybridoma cell lines d ... | 2014 | 24797141 |
| complete genome sequence of duck tembusu virus, isolated from muscovy ducks in southern china. | we report here the complete genomic sequence of the duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) wj-1 strain, isolated from muscovy ducks. this is the first complete genome sequence of dtmuv reported in southern china. compared with the other strains (ta, gh-2, yy5, and zj-407) that were previously found in eastern china, wj-1 bears a few differences in the nucleotide and amino acid sequences. we found that there are 47 mutations of amino acids encoded by the whole open reading frame (orf) among these five strain ... | 0 | 23118450 |
| adapted tembusu-like virus in chickens and geese in china. | an outbreak of egg drop disease occurred in many chicken and goose farms in china in 2011. by using an ns5-specific reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr), we found that 56% of chicken and 38% of goose samples were positive for tembusu-like virus (tmuv). isolates showed high sequence homology to duck tmuvs, and chickens and geese showed signs of egg drop disease after experimental infection with duck tmuv. our data suggest tmuv has adapted in domestic birds. | 2012 | 22692734 |
| [when some flaviviruses are throwing our certainties]. | during the past two decades, a number of mosquito-borne flaviviruses, mainly of african origin, have invaded new geographical areas where they have never been active. this was the case for the japanese encephalitis virus which reached the northeastern part of australia (1995) and, above all, for the west nile virus which, since 1999, entirely colonized the american continent. then, the usutu virus invaded a large part of the western europe (2001) while the zika virus caused a large epidemic in a ... | 2012 | 22923343 |
| duck egg drop syndrome virus: an emerging tembusu-related flavivirus in china. | duck egg drop syndrome virus (dedsv) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus isolated from ducks in china. dedsv infection mainly results in severe egg drop syndrome in domestic poultry, which leads to huge economic losses. thus, the discovery of ways and means to combat dedsv is urgent. since 2010, a remarkable amount of progress concerning dedsv research has been achieved. here, we review current knowledge on the epidemiology, symptomatology, and pathology of dedsv. a detailed dissection of ... | 2013 | 23917842 |
| genomic and antigenic characterization of the newly emerging chinese duck egg-drop syndrome flavivirus: genomic comparison with tembusu and sitiawan viruses. | duck egg-drop syndrome virus (dedsv) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus causing avian diseases in china. the infection occurs in laying ducks characterized by a severe drop in egg production with a fatality rate of 5-15 %. the virus was found to be most closely related to tembusu virus (tmuv), an isolate from mosquitoes in south-east asia. here, we have sequenced and characterized the full-length genomes of seven dedsv strains, including the 5'- and 3'-non-coding regions (ncrs). we also r ... | 2012 | 22764316 |
| gexp analyzer-based multiplex reverse-transcription pcr assay for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of eleven duck viruses. | duck viral pathogens primarily include the avian influenza virus (aiv) subtypes h5, h7, and h9; duck hepatitis virus (dhv); duck tembusu virus (dtmuv); egg drop syndrome virus (edsv); duck enteritis virus (dev); newcastle disease virus (ndv); duck circovirus (ducv); muscovy duck reovirus (mdrv); and muscovy duck parvovirus (mdpv). these pathogens cause great economic losses to china's duck breeding industry. | 2015 | 26518004 |
| an infectious full-length cdna clone of duck tembusu virus, a newly emerging flavivirus causing duck egg drop syndrome in china. | duck tembusu virus (tmuv) is a recently identified pathogenic flavivirus that causes severe egg drop and encephalitis in chinese ducks and geese. it has been found to be most closely related to the mosquito-origin tembusu virus and chicken sitiawan virus reported in malaysia. however, the ecological characteristics and the pathogenesis of duck tmuv are largely unknown. we report the construction of full-length cdna clone of duck tmuv strain jxsp. the virus genome was reverse transcribed, amplifi ... | 2013 | 23116594 |
| protective immune response against newly emerging goose tembusu virus infection induced by immunization with a recombinant envelope protein. | flavivirus envelope protein locates at the outermost surface of viral particle and mediates virus entry and fusion infection, and plays an important role in eliciting neutralizing antibody. in this study, goose tembusu virus (gtv) e protein was expressed and purified from escherichia coli. the immunological changes and protection efficiency of this protein serving as recombinant subunit vaccine were then tested. in ducks, recombinant e protein markedly elicited specific neutralizing antibody, st ... | 2015 | 26108865 |
| domain i and ii from newly emerging goose tembusu virus envelope protein functions as a dominant-negative inhibitor of virus infectivity. | flavivirus envelope protein locates at the outermost surface of viral particle and mediates virus entry and fusion infection, and domains i and ii of e protein play an important role in this process. in this study, we have expressed and purified goose tembusu virus (gtv) e protein domains i and ii (di/ii) from e. coli, and tested conceptual approach that purified protein serves as anti-viral reagent. we found that di/ii inhibited gtv js804 infection in bhk-21 cells in a dose-dependent manner, an ... | 2015 | 25481678 |
| development of a taqman-based real-time pcr assay for the detection of novel gpv. | the newly emerged disease, duck beak atrophy and dwarfism syndrome (bads), is caused by novel goose parovirus (n-gpv). although n-gpv infection has severe consequences, few methods for detecting this virus have been developed. therefore, the availability of rapid and reliable molecular diagnostic methods would aid future studies of this novel virus. clinical specimens from 138 suspected cases of n-gpv infection and 120 cloacal swabs from breeding ducks were used in this study. the targeted seque ... | 2016 | 27523295 |
| efficient strategy for constructing duck enteritis virus-based live attenuated vaccine against homologous and heterologous h5n1 avian influenza virus and duck enteritis virus infection. | duck is susceptible to many pathogens, such as duck hepatitis virus, duck enteritis virus (dev), duck tembusu virus, h5n1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (hpaiv) in particular. with the significant role of duck in the evolution of h5n1 hpaiv, control and eradication of h5n1 hpaiv in duck through vaccine immunization is considered an effective method in minimizing the threat of a pandemic outbreak. consequently, a practical strategy to construct a vaccine against these pathogens should be ... | 2015 | 25889564 |
| identification of 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase-like gene in goose: gene structure, expression patterns, and antiviral activity against newcastle disease virus. | 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase-like (oasl) is a kind of antiviral protein induced by interferons (ifns), which plays an important role in the ifns-mediated antiviral signaling pathway. in this study, we cloned and identified oasl in the chinese goose for the first time. goose 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase-like (gooasl), including an orf of 1527bp, encoding a protein of 508 amino acids. gooasl protein contains 3 conserved motifs: nucleotidyltransferase (ntase) domain, 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synt ... | 2016 | 27576097 |
| identification of ifitm1 and ifitm3 in goose: gene structure, expression patterns, and immune reponses against tembusu virus infection. | as interferon-stimulated genes (isgs), interferon-inducible transmembrane proteins 1 and 3 (ifitm1 and ifitm3) can effectively inhibit the replication of multiple viruses. here, goose ifitm1 and ifitm3 were cloned and identified for the first time. the two proteins share the same topological structure and several important sites critical for the antiviral functions in other species are conserved in the goose. goose ifitm1 and ifitm3 are most closely related to their respective orthologs in ducks ... | 2017 | 28386554 |
| the genetic characteristics and evolution of tembusu virus. | since the turn of the 21st century, there have been several epidemic outbreaks of poultry diseases caused by tembusu virus (tmuv). although multiple mosquito and poultry-derived strains of tmuv have been isolated, no data exist about their comparative study, origin, evolution, and dissemination. | 2017 | 28284620 |
| efficacy assessment of an inactivated tembusu virus vaccine candidate in ducks. | duck tembusu virus (tmuv) is a recently identified pathogen that causes severe egg drop and neurological disease in domestic duck and goose flocks. the infection has spread across the china mainland since its outbreak in 2010. effective vaccines are needed to fight the disease. in this work, we describe the development and laboratory assessment of a cell culture-derived, inactivated duck tmuv vaccine. the tmuv-jxsp strain was successfully propagated on a baby hamster kidney cell line (bhk-21), i ... | 2017 | 28159240 |
| generation and characterization of a monoclonal antibody against duck tembusu virus envelope protein. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus that has caused massive economic losses to the duck industry in china. envelope (e) protein of dtmuv is an important structural protein, which is able to induce protective immune response in target animals and can be used as specific serological diagnosis tool. in this study, a novel monoclonal antibody, designated mab 3e9, was generated against dtmuv e protein. it is positive in indirect elisa against both his-e protein and th ... | 2016 | 28092616 |
| duck tembusu virus nonstructural protein 1 antagonizes ifn-β signaling pathways by targeting visa. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) is an emergent infectious pathogen that has caused severe disease in ducks and huge economic losses to the poultry industry in china since 2009. previously, we showed that dtmuv inhibits ifn-β induction early in infection; however, the mechanisms of the inhibition of innate immune responses remain poorly understood. in this study, we screened dtmuv-encoded structural and nonstructural proteins using reporter assays and found that dtmuv ns1 markedly suppressed virus-tri ... | 2016 | 27821666 |
| identification of heat shock protein a9 as a tembusu virus binding protein on df-1 cells. | this study attempts to identify receptor elements for tembusu virus (tmuv) on df-1 cells. using co-immunoprecipitation and virus overlay protein binding assays, we identified a tmuv-binding protein of approximately 70-kda on df-1 cell membranes. mass spectroscopy identified the protein to be heat shock protein (hsp) a9, which was reconfirmed by an anti-hspa9 antibody. indirect immunofluorescence demonstrated a significant degree of colocalization between hspa9 and tmuv on cell surface. additiona ... | 2017 | 27693918 |
| the effect of tembusu virus infection in different week-old cherry valley breeding ducks. | to study the effect of tembusu virus (tmuv) infection on cherry valley breeding ducks of different ages, 350 five-week-old ducks were divided into 14 groups. ducks in seven experimental group were respectively infected with 1.265×10(5) mean embryo lethal dose (eld50) of tmuv-ahqy strain (in 4.2ml) by intravenous route. ducks in control groups were inoculated with phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) in the same way. clinical symptoms, gross and microscopic lesions, viral loads and serum antibodies we ... | 2016 | 27527779 |
| pathogenicity and genetic characterization of a duck tembusu virus associated with egg-dropping in muscovy ducks. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) has spread to the major duck-farming region in china, causing acute egg-production drop in chinese duck population. in this study, we characterized a dtmuv strain (named gd2014) isolated from an egg-production drop duck farm in guangdong province, south china. the virus was pathogenic to muscovy duck embryos and caused severe egg production drop for laying muscovy ducks. the genome sequence of gd2014 shared 97-99% homologies with other waterfowl-origin tembusu viruses, ... | 2016 | 27354303 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel tembusu virus circulating in muscovy ducks in south china. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) is an infectious pathogen that can cause epidemics in egg-laying ducks. here, we isolated and characterized a dtmuv, designated gdlh01, thought to be responsible for the noticeable egg drop in muscovy duck flocks in south china since 2011. the genome sequence of gdlh01 shared 97-99% homology with other avian-origin tembusu viruses, and 99.5% homology with the mosquito-borne strain sdms recently reported in china. phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequence o ... | 2016 | 27291976 |
| in vitro and in vivo characterization of chimeric duck tembusu virus based on japanese encephalitis live vaccine strain sa14-14-2. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv), a newly identified flavivirus, has rapidly spread to china, malaysia and thailand. the potential threats to public health have been well-highlighted; however its virulence and pathogenesis remain largely unknown. here, by using reverse genetics, a recombinant chimeric dtmuv based on japanese encephalitis live vaccine strain sa14-14-2 was obtained by substituting the corresponding prm and e genes (named chindtmuv). in vitro characterization demonstrated that chindtmuv ... | 2016 | 27100268 |
| liposomes containing recombinant e protein vaccine against duck tembusu virus in ducks. | to obtain an effective vaccine candidate against duck tembusu viral (dtmuv) disease which causes egg-drop and great economical loss in the chinese duck industry, liposome vaccines containing recombinant e protein were prepared and assessed in this study. the recombinant plasmid (pet28a-e) was constructed and transformed into bl21 (de3) cells to produce e proteins. the recombinant e proteins were purified and entrapped by liposomes through reverse-phase evaporation. eighty-four cherry valley duck ... | 2016 | 27016654 |
| development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against ns1 protein of duck tembusu virus. | to produce monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against ns1 protein of duck tembusu virus (tmuv), the ns1 gene sequence was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pet-28a(+). the prokaryotic protein ns1 was successfully expressed in bl21 (de3) and used as the immunogen in mice. six mabs against ns1 protein were obtained by using the standard hybridoma technique. all mabs can react with the denatured ns1 protein in the western blot assay and the native ns1 protein from the tmuv-infected bhk-21 cel ... | 2016 | 26871513 |
| design and evaluation of a polytope construct with multiple b and t epitopes against tembusu virus infection in ducks. | tembusu virus (tmuv) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus that is causing massive economic loss in chinese poultry industry; until now, there is no effective vaccine or drug for its prevention. epitope-based vaccination is a promising approach to achieve protective immunity and to avoid immunopathology. in present study, based on in silico epitope selection, we optimized and proposed a polytope dna vaccine (pvax1-rtem) consisting b-cell and t cell epitopes from the tmuv envelope (e) protein ... | 2016 | 26850557 |
| whole-genome sequence of duck tembusu virus strain dtmuv/ch/2014, isolated in china. | the whole-complete genome sequence of a strain of duck tembusu virus (dtmuv), dtmuv/ch/2014, affecting layer ducks in china, was determined and characterized. compared with dtmuv sequences available in genbank, dtmuv/ch/2014 has 3 amino acid mutations located in the capsid, prm, and ns3 genes of dtmuv/ch/2014. | 2016 | 26823592 |
| construction of an infectious cdna clone of tembusu virus isolated from breeder peking ducks. | | 2016 | 26786771 |
| generation of a reliable full-length cdna of infectioustembusu virus using a pcr-based protocol. | full-length cdna of tembusu virus (tmuv) cloned in a plasmid has been found instable in bacterial hosts. using a pcr-based protocol, we generated a stable full-length cdna of tmuv. different cdna fragments of tmuv were amplified by reverse transcription (rt)-pcr, and cloned into plasmids. fragmented cdnas were amplified and assembled by fusion pcr to produce a full-length cdna using the recombinant plasmids as templates. subsequently, a full-length rna was transcribed from the full-length cdna i ... | 2016 | 26739428 |
| development of a nano-particle-assisted pcr assay for detection of duck tembusu virus. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) has caused significant economic losses to the poultry industry in china since the spring of 2010. in this study, a nano-pcr assay targeting e gene of dtmuv was developed and their sensitivities and specificities were investigated. under the optimized conditions of nano-pcr assay for detection of dtmuv, the nano-pcr assay was 10-fold more sensitive than a conventional pcr assay. the lower detection limit of the nano-pcr assay was 1·8 × 10(2) copies μl(-1) of dtmuv rna, ... | 2016 | 26482546 |
| effect of age and inoculation route on the infection of duck tembusu virus in goslings. | duck tembusu virus (tmuv) is an emerging flavivirus that has caused variable levels of outbreaks in poultry in recent years. in order to study the effect of age and inoculation routes on the tmuv infection, one hundred healthy domestic 5-day-old and 20-day-old goslings were equally divided into five groups and four experimental groups of goslings were infected with the tmuv-sdsg strain by intravenous and intranasal routes, respectively. severe clinical signs were observed in goslings infected at ... | 2015 | 26476564 |
| efficacy evaluation of an inactivated duck tembusu virus vaccine. | to evaluate the potential use of an inactivated virus-based vaccine for the control and prevention of the newly emerged duck tembusu virus infection in china, a duck tembusu virus isolate, tembusu-hb, was propagated in 12-day-old duck embryos and inactivated by treatment with formaldehyde. the inactivated viral antigen was emulsified with mineral oil, and five batches of the vaccine were manufactured. the immunogenicity and protection efficacy of the vaccine were evaluated in beijing ducks and b ... | 2015 | 26473674 |
| comparison of four molecular assays for the detection of tembusu virus. | tembusu virus (tmuv) belongs to the genus flavivirus that may cause severe egg drop in ducks. in order to evaluate the most efficient tmuv detection method, the performances of a conventional rt-pcr (c-rt-pcr), a semi-nested pcr (sn-rt-pcr), a reverse-transcriptase real-time quantitative pcr (q-rt-pcr), and a reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) targeting the tmuv virus-specific ns5 gene were examined. in order to compare the sensitivity of these four techniques ... | 2015 | 26443062 |
| comparative analysis of transcriptional profiles of retinoic-acid-induced gene i-like receptors and interferons in seven tissues from ducks infected with avian tembusu virus. | avian tembusu virus (atv), an emerging virus that mainly infects laying and breeding ducks in china, has caused severe economic loss in duck industry. however, there have been no reports about host innate immune responses during atv infection and its correlation with clinical signs or pathology. to identify the roles of these immune factors in the innate host response to atv infection, quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) was used to analyze the transcriptional profiles on the genes encoding two re ... | 2016 | 26427380 |
| development of a solid-phase competition elisa to detect antibodies against newly emerged duck tembusu virus. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) was first isolated in northern china in 2010, and is an emerging viral pathogen that is now rapidly spreading to most chinese provinces causing a severe disease and economic losses for the duck breeding industry. the virus can affect ducks, chickens and geese, but currently there are no commercial elisa methods for detecting antibodies against dtmuv from different species, or for assessing antibody titers in infected birds. in the present study, a solid-phase competiti ... | 2015 | 26320577 |
| identification and molecular characterization of a novel duck tembusu virus isolate from southwest china. | tembusu virus (tmuv) has caused significant economic losses in the chinese duck industry and may have been overlooked regarding its zoonotic transmission potential. a novel tmuv isolate (named cqw1) was separated from the liver tissue of a young duck in southwest china. the cqw1 isolate proliferated in embryonated duck eggs and led to death within 3-4 days post-inoculation. furthermore, cqw1 replicated in duck embryo fibroblast (def) cells and caused a cytopathic effect (cpe). the disease emerge ... | 2015 | 26303137 |
| evolutionary characterization of tembusu virus infection through identification of codon usage patterns. | tembusu virus (tmuv) is a single-stranded, positive-sense rna virus. as reported, tmuv infection has resulted in significant poultry losses, and the virus may also pose a threat to public health. to characterize tmuv evolutionarily and to understand the factors accounting for codon usage properties, we performed, for the first time, a comprehensive analysis of codon usage bias for the genomes of 60 tmuv strains. the most recently published tmuv strains were found to be widely distributed in coas ... | 2015 | 26205688 |
| evidence of possible vertical transmission of tembusu virus in ducks. | in 2013, tembusu virus (tmuv) infection was successively observed on several breeding duck farms in shandong province, china. affected ducks showed consistently acute anorexia, diarrhea and egg production drop. 125 hatching eggs produced by tmuv infected breeding ducks from four duck farms were collected. among them, 35 hatching eggs were selected randomly from all before incubation for vitelline membrane samples collection. the rest of 90 hatching eggs were incubated routinely. as a result, 16 ... | 2015 | 26187679 |
| duck tembusu virus and its envelope protein induce programmed cell death. | the cytopathic effect produced in cells infected with duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) suggests that this emerging virus may induce apoptosis in primary cultures of duck embryo fibroblasts (def). here, we present evidence that dtmuv infection of cultured cells activates apoptosis and that the ability of dtmuv to induce apoptosis is not restricted to cell type because dtmuv-induced apoptosis in duck and mammalian host cells. we further investigated which viral components induce apoptosis in dtmuv-infec ... | 2015 | 26056013 |
| evolutionary analysis of tembusu virus: evidence for the emergence of a dominant genotype. | we recently identified tembusu virus (tmuv) as a causative agent of duck infectious disease, which has spread in china since 2010. a recent study has indicated a potential case of human infection by tmuv, highlighting the need for further study of tmuv, especially its evolution. because no information exists regarding the evolution of tmuv, we conducted comprehensive phylogenetic analyses using the largest collection of complete open reading frame (orf) sequences of tmuv. our results indicated t ... | 2015 | 25770418 |
| isolation and identification of duck tembusu virus strain lh and development of latex-agglutination diagnostic method for rapid detection of antibodies. | summary. an outbreak of egg-drop syndrome occurred on a sheldrake duck farm in longhai in fujian province, china, in 2012. the main clinical symptoms were sharply reduced egg production, crooked necks, and death. we isolated the virus from the sick ducks, identified it, and observed the histopathologic changes after viral infection. we detected viral rna in the blood and feces of the infected ducks and developed a latex-agglutination diagnostic method to detect anti-tembusu-virus antibodies. our ... | 2014 | 25619007 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies against duck tembusu virus e protein: an antigen-capture elisa for the detection of tembusu virus infection. | the e protein of flaviviruses is the primary antigen that induces protective immunity, but a monoclonal antibody (mab) against the e protein of duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) has never been characterized. six hybridoma cell lines secreting dtmuv anti-e mabs were prepared and designated 2a5, 1f3, 1g2, 1b11, 3b6, and 4f9, respectively. an immunofluorescence assay indicated that the mabs could specifically bind to duck embryo fibroblast (def) cells infected with dtmuv and that the e protein was distrib ... | 2015 | 25588821 |
| isolation and genome characterization of a novel duck tembusu virus with a 74 nucleotide insertion in the 3' non-translated region. | during investigations into the outbreak of duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) infection in 2011 in china, a dtmuv strain (dtmuv-ah2011) was isolated from the affected ducks. the length of the genome of the dtmuv-ah2011 strain was found to be 11,064 nucleotides and to possess 10,278 nucleotides of one open reading frame (orf), flanked by 94 nucleotides of the 5' non-translated region (ntr) and 692 nucleotides of the 3' ntr. in comparison with five fully sequenced tmuv genomes, the genome of dtmuv-ah2011 ... | 2015 | 25582834 |
| tembusu-like flavivirus (perak virus) as the cause of neurological disease outbreaks in young pekin ducks. | a neurological disease of young pekin ducks characterized by ataxia, lameness, and paralysis was observed at several duck farms in malaysia in 2012. gross pathological lesions were absent or inconsistent in most of the cases, but severe and consistent microscopic lesions were found in the brain and spinal cord, characterized by non-purulent panencephalomyelitis. several virus isolates were obtained in embryonated duck eggs and in cell cultures (vero and df-1) inoculated with the brain homogenate ... | 2014 | 25299764 |
| the vaccine efficacy of recombinant duck enteritis virus expressing secreted e with or without prm proteins of duck tembusu virus. | a newly emerged tembusu virus that causes egg-drop has been affecting ducks in china since 2010. currently, no vaccine is available for this disease. a live attenuated duck enteritis virus (dev; a herpesvirus) vaccine has been used routinely to control lethal dev in ducks since the 1960s. here, we constructed two recombinant devs by transfecting overlapping fosmid dnas. one virus, rdev-te, expresses the truncated form of the envelope glycoprotein (te) of duck tembusu virus (dtmuv), and the other ... | 2014 | 25087676 |
| development of a live attenuated vaccine candidate against duck tembusu viral disease. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus that is causing massive economic loss in the chinese duck industry. to obtain a live vaccine candidate against the disease, the dtmuv isolate fx2010 was passaged serially in chicken embryo fibroblasts (cefs). characterization of fx2010-180p revealed that it was unable to replicate efficiently in chicken embryonated eggs, nor intranasally infect mice or shelducks at high doses of 5.5log10 tissue culture infectious doses (tcid50) ... | 2014 | 24503086 |