| digoxin-specific fab fragments in the treatment of oleander toxicity in a canine model. | to examine the efficacy of digoxin-specific fab fragments (dsfab) in the treatment of experimentally induced nerium oleander cardiac glycoside toxicity in a dog model. | 1991 | 1928877 |
| detection of poisoning by plant-origin cardiac glycoside with the abbott tdx analyzer. | cardiac glycoside poisoning caused by ingestion of plant material is common in tropical and sub-tropical areas. in evaluating the use of the abbott tdx digoxin ii assay to detect such cases of poisoning, we found it a rapid and convenient method for confirming the ingestion of glycosides from the plants nerium oleander, thevetia peruviana, and adonis microcarpa, and from the toad bufo marinus. here we report some clinical cases illustrating our experience with the use of this assay, and describe ... | 1989 | 2914377 |
| oleander poisoning: treatment with digoxin-specific fab antibody fragments. | a 37-year-old man presented two hours after the ingestion of "a handful" of oleander leaves (probably nerium oleander) in a suicide attempt. cardiotoxicity was evidenced by the presence of bradycardia (rate, 30 to 45) with sinoatrial nodal arrest and junctional escape consistent with a cardiac glycoside effect. the patient was treated empirically with a single dose of five vials (200 mg) of digoxin-specific fab antibody fragments (digibind). the pretreatment digoxin level was 1.5 ng/ml. after tr ... | 1988 | 3382077 |
| regulation of 3-indoleacetic acid production in pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi. purification and properties of tryptophan 2-monooxygenase. | the oxidative decarboxylation of l-tryptophan to yield 3-indoleacetamide, catalyzed by tryptophan 2-monooxygenase, represents a controlling reaction in the synthesis of indoleacetic acid by pseudomonas savastanoi (pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi), a gall-forming pathogen of olive (olea europea l.) and oleander (nerium oleander l.). production of indoleacetic acid is essential for virulence of the bacterium in its hosts. tryptophan 2-monooxygenase was characterized to determine its role in in ... | 1985 | 3997822 |
| toxicity of nerium oleander in the monkey (cebus apella). | | 1974 | 4219089 |
| [studies on poisoning with nerium oleander l]. | | 1971 | 5168850 |
| a case report of nerium oleander poisoning in cattle. | nerium oleander leaves caused the death within 36 hours of 7 of 17 cattle which had access to boughs of the plant. arrhythmia and auriculo-ventricular block at ecg were found in three cattle surviving on day 4. in one animal which died on day 4, postmortem examination revealed subendocardial and abomasal hemorrhages. epidermic tissues of the leaves of n oleander were found in the rumen content. recovery occurred in the three animals with marked cardiac signs. | 1984 | 6540502 |
| transitory complete atrioventricular block associated to ingestion of nerium oleander. | self-medication with plants can lead to severe poisoning. oleander (nerium oleander) is an ornamental plant whose toxicity to man is due to a mixture of nondigitalis cardiac glycosides. the clinical manifestations of oleander poisoning combine cardiac and gastrointestinal symptoms, and are similar to those of a digitalis overdose. | 1995 | 7550418 |
| beneficial effect of digoxin-specific fab antibody fragments in oleander intoxication. | a 24-year-old man presented to the emergency department with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and an acute confusional state of 6 hours' duration. ten hours before admission, he had ingested a mixture of orange juice and six ground leaves, later identified as nerium oleander (common pink oleander) leaves. his blood pressure was 100/80 mm hg, and his pulse rate was irregular at 40/min. he was disoriented and his speech was dysarthric. twelve-lead electrocardiography revealed a complete atriovent ... | 1995 | 7575073 |
| oleander toxicity: an examination of human and animal toxic exposures. | the oleander is an attractive and hardy shrub that thrives in tropical and subtropical regions. the common pink oleander, nerium oleander, and the yellow oleander, thevetia peruviana, are the principle oleander representatives of the family apocynaceae. oleanders contain within their tissues cardenolides that are capable of exerting positive inotropic effects on the hearts of animals and humans. the cardiotonic properties of oleanders have been exploited therapeutically and as an instrument of s ... | 1996 | 8619248 |
| [serious plant poisonings in switzerland 1966-1994. case analysis from the swiss toxicology information center]. | to analyze the types, frequency and severity of plant poisonings in switzerland over 29 years. | 1996 | 8711457 |
| toxic effect of ethanolic extract of nerium oleander (apocynaceae) leaves against different developmental stages of muscina stabulans (diptera-muscidae). | nerium oleander (apocynaceae) is evergreen shrubs widely used for ornamental purpose in mediterranean region. the present investigation, revealed for the first time the insecticidal effect of ethanolic extract from leaves of this plant against 2nd instar larvae of the medically important false stable fly muscina stabulans (diptera: muscidae). lc50 of the extract was 113.66 ppm. this dose delayed larval and pupal duration suppressed oviposition and decreased adult longevity of the survivors. morp ... | 1996 | 8754654 |
| [acute glycoside intoxication from the intake of oleander (nerium oleander) leaves in a guinea pig]. | a guinea pig that had eaten dried leaves from nerium oleander was presented in the clinic. at this time the animal had well developed neurologic symptoms (seizures), but also gastrointestinal (tympanism) and cardiac symptoms were present. after intensive care for 24 hours the patient was discharged from the clinic in a good state of health. | 1997 | 9312902 |
| characterisation of acyl-acp desaturases from macadamia integrifolia maiden & betche and nerium oleander l. | the seed oil in macadamia integrifolia contains about 30% palmitoleic acid (16:1(delta9)) and nerium oleander about 12% isoricinoleic acid (delta9-hydroxy-18:1(delta12)). it has been shown that palmitoleic acid can be produced by acyl-acyl carrier protein (acp) desaturases and it has also been shown that fatty acid hydroxylation can occur via direct substitution of a hydrogen atom. therefore it seemed possible that the enzymes responsible for the making of these unusual fatty acids in m. integri ... | 2000 | 10725558 |
| oleandrin suppresses activation of nuclear transcription factor-kappab, activator protein-1, and c-jun nh2-terminal kinase. | agents that can suppress the activation of nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab) and activator protein-1 (ap-1) may be able to block tumorigenesis and inflammation. oleandrin, a polyphenolic cardiac glycoside derived from the leaves of nerium oleander, is a candidate nf-kappab and ap-1 modulator. we investigated the effect of oleandrin on nf-kappab activation induced by inflammatory agents. oleandrin blocked tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-induced activation of nf-kappab in a concentration- and time-dep ... | 2000 | 10919658 |
| preliminary toxicity study on the individual and combined effects of citrullus colocynthis and nerium oleander in rats. | the toxicity of diet containing 10% of citrullus colocynthis fruits or 10% of nerium oleander leaves or their 1:1 mixture (5%+5%) for rats treated for 6 weeks was determined. dullness, ruffled hair, decreased body weight gains and feed efficiency, and enterohepatonephropathy characterised treatment with c. colocynthis and n. oleander given alone. diarrhoea was a prominent sign of c. colocynthis poisoning. organ lesions were accompanied by leucopenia, anaemia and alterations in serum ast, alt and ... | 2000 | 10925008 |
| lc/ms/ms analyses of an oleander extract for cancer treatment. | an hplc/ms/ms method has been developed for the characterization and quantification of the cardiac glycosides oleandrin, odoroside, neritaloside and the aglycone oleandrigenin, all contained in a patented-hot-water extract of nerium oleander l (anvirzel). qualitative analysis of such extracts was achieved using a hybrid tandem quadrupole time-of-flight (qqtof) mass spectrometer. collision-induced dissociation (cid) mass spectra of oleandrin, oleandrigenin, odoroside, and neritaloside were obtain ... | 2000 | 10952541 |
| anvirzel, an extract of nerium oleander, induces cell death in human but not murine cancer cells. | the purpose of this study was to examine the mechanism(s) and differential cell-killing effects of anvirzel, an extract of oleander (nerium oleander; family-apocynaceae), and its derivative compound oleandrin on human, canine and murine tumor cells. cells received different concentrations of anvirzel (1.0 ng/ml to 500 microg/ml) or oleandrin (0.01 ng/ml to 50 microg/ml) in both continuously treated and pulse-treated/recovery cultures. the cytotoxicity of these compounds was then determined. both ... | 2000 | 11001386 |
| evidence from action and fluorescence spectra that uv-induced violet-blue-green fluorescence enhances leaf photosynthesis. | we assessed the contribution of uv-induced violet-blue-green leaf fluorescence to photosynthesis in poa annua, sorghum halepense and nerium oleander by measuring uv-induced fluorescence spectra (280-380 nm excitation, 400-550 nm emission) from leaf surfaces and determining the monochromatic uv action spectra for leaf photosynthetic o2-evolution. peak fluorescence emission wavelengths from leaf surfaces ranged from violet (408 nm) to blue (448 nm), while excitation peaks for these maxima ranged f ... | 2001 | 11281021 |
| response of najdi sheep to oral administration of citrullus colocynthis fruits, nerium oleander leaves or their mixture. | susceptibility of sheep to oral administration of citrullus colocynthis fruits, nerium oleander leaves or their mixture is described in 12 sheep assigned as untreated controls, c. colocynthis-treated at 0.25g/kg/day, n. oleander-treated at 0.25g/kg and plant mixture-treated at 0.25g of c. colocynthis/kg plus 0.25g of n. oleander/kg. the daily use of 0.25g of c. colocynthis/kg for 42 days was not fatal to sheep and caused slight diarrhoea, catarrhal enteritis, centrilobular hepatocellular fatty c ... | 2001 | 11323208 |
| inhibition of export of fibroblast growth factor-2 (fgf-2) from the prostate cancer cell lines pc3 and du145 by anvirzel and its cardiac glycoside component, oleandrin. | anvirzel is an extract of nerium oleander currently undergoing phase i clinical evaluation as a potential treatment for cancer. two of the active components of anvirzel are the cardiac glycosides oleandrin and oleandrigenin. previous studies have demonstrated that, in vitro, cardiac glycosides may inhibit fibroblast growth factor-2 (fgf-2) export through membrane interaction with the na(+),k(+)-atpase pump. in continuing research on the antitumor activity of this novel plant extract, the relativ ... | 2001 | 11448457 |
| effect of selected insecticides on homalodisca coagulata (homoptera: cicadellidae) and transmission of oleander leaf scorch in a greenhouse study. | homalodisca coagulata (say) is a recent introduction to california. it is known to spread a strain of the bacterium xylella fastidiosa wells, raju, hung, weisberg, mandelco-paul & brenner that induces oleander leaf scorch disease in oleander, nerium oleander l. oleander leaf scorch is lethal to oleander and threatens to decimate one of the most important landscape shrubs in california. towards developing a management strategy for h. coagulata-spread oleander leaf scorch, we documented the affect ... | 2001 | 11681662 |
| acute toxicity of various oral doses of dried nerium oleander leaves in sheep. | the acute toxicity of dried nerium oleander leaves to najdi sheep is described in 12 sheep assigned as untreated controls, n. oleander-treated once at 1 and 0.25 g/kg body weight and n. oleander-treated daily at 0.06 g/kg body weight by drench. single oral doses of 1 or 0.25 g of dried n. oleander leaves/kg body weight caused restlessness, chewing movements of the jaws, dyspnea, ruminal bloat, incoordination of movements, limb paresis, recumbency and death 4-24 hr after dosing. lesions were wide ... | 2001 | 11789596 |
| suspected nerium oleander (oleander) poisoning in a horse. | | 2002 | 12222602 |
| toxicity of nerium oleander and rhazya stricta in najdi sheep: hematologic and clinicopathologic alterations. | the toxic effects of oral administration of 0.25 g/kg nerium oleander leaves, 0.25 g/kg rhazya stricta leaves or their mixture at 0.25 g/kg n. oleander leaves plus 0.25 g/kg r. stricta leaves on najdi sheep were investigated. daily oral dosing of r. stricta leaves for 42 days was not fatal to sheep while single oral doses of either n. oleander leaves or the mixture with r. stricta leaves proved fatal to animals within 24 hours with dyspnea, grunting, salivation, grinding of the teeth, ruminal bl ... | 2002 | 12230014 |
| toxicological interactions of cassia senna and nerium oleander in the diet of rats. | the toxic effects of diet containing 10% of c. senna l. fruits or 10% of n. oleander l. leaves or their 1:1 mixture (5% + 5%) on male wistar rats treated for 6 weeks were investigated. diarrhea was a prominent sign of c. senna l. toxicosis. in both phytotoxicities, there were decreases in body weight gains, inefficiency of feed utilization, dullness and enterohepatonephropathy. these findings accompanied by leukopenia and anemia were correlated with alterations of serum aspartate aminotransferas ... | 2002 | 12568285 |
| the cardiotonic effect of the crude ethanolic extract of nerium oleander in the isolated guinea pig hearts. | cardiovascular diseases are increasingly becoming one of the leading diseases causing morbidity and mortality in uganda. ethnographic evidence suggests that these diseases are often first managed by indigenous and related herbs before patients are referred for allopathic forms of management. one such herb of interest is nerium oleander. therefore the crude ethanolic extracts of the dried leaves of this herb were tested against the following parameters in the isolated guinea pig hearts: force of ... | 2003 | 12913798 |
| anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity assessment of plants used as remedy in turkish folk medicine. | ethanolic and aqueous extracts from seven plant species used in turkish traditional medicine were evaluated for in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities; helleborus orientalis lam. roots and herbs, juglans regia l. leaves, laurocerasus officinalis roemer leaves, nerium oleander l. dried and fresh flowers and leaves, rhododendron ponticum l. leaves, rubus hirtus walds. et kit aerial parts and rubus sanctus schreber aerial parts and roots. all the plant extracts, except the aqueous ... | 2003 | 14522443 |
| the effects of anthropogenic particulate emissions on roadway dust and nerium oleander leaves in messina (sicily, italy). | complementary studies on the inorganic chemical composition of nerium oleander leaves collected in the town of messina (sicily, italy) and seven grain-size fractions of local roadway dust have been carried out. data and maps are presented to show that the particulate matter present in the air of messina contains trace elements significantly in excess with respect to the average continental earth crust. the anomalies follow the outline of the urban area, the highest concentrations of trace elemen ... | 2003 | 14587847 |
| oleandrin suppresses activation of nuclear transcription factor-kappa b and activator protein-1 and potentiates apoptosis induced by ceramide. | ceramide (n-acetyl-d-sphingosine), a second messenger for cell signaling induces transcription factors, like nuclear factor-kappa b (nf-kappa b), and activator protein-1 (ap-1) and is involved in inflammation and apoptosis. agents that can suppress these transcription factors may be able to block tumorigenesis and inflammation. oleandrin (trans-3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene), a polyphenolic cardiac glycoside derived from the leaves of nerium oleander, has been used in the treatment of cardiac abnorm ... | 2003 | 14609747 |
| inhibition of 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced tumor promotion markers in cd-1 mouse skin by oleandrin. | oleandrin, derived from the leaves of nerium oleander, has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and tumor cell growth-inhibitory effects. here, we provide evidence that oleandrin could possess anti-tumor promoting effects. we determined the effect of topical application of oleandrin to cd-1 mice against l2-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa), a widely studied skin tumor promoter, -induced conventional and novel markers of skin tumor promotion. topical application of oleandrin (2 mg per mo ... | 2004 | 15020199 |
| clinical and pathological aspects of experimental oleander (nerium oleander) toxicosis in sheep. | dried nerium oleander leaves at single lethal dose of 110 mg/kg body weight were administered orally to six native male sheep. clinical signs of toxicosis in sheep began to appear about 30 min after receiving the oleander and included decrease of the heart rate followed by cardiac pauses and tachyarrhythmias; ruminal atony, mild to moderate tympany, abdominal pain, polyuria and polakiuria. electrocardiography revealed bradycardia, atrio-ventricular blocks, depression of s-t segments, ventricular ... | 2004 | 15563108 |
| a rare cause of complete heart block after transdermal botanical treatment for psoriasis. | we report the case of a 59-year-old man with a new 3 degrees av block with a history of psoriasis. after implantation of a definitive dddr pacemaker, the patient reported a transdermal self-medication with an extract of nerium oleander for the treatment of his psoriasis. the pharmacological, epidemiological, and clinical features are discussed in brief. | 2004 | 15613134 |
| three new triterpenes from nerium oleander and biological activity of the isolated compounds. | new ursane-type triterpene 1, oleanane-type triterpene 2, and dammarane-type triterpene 15 were isolated from the leaves of nerium oleander together with 12 known triterpenes, 3beta-hydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid (ursolic acid, 3), 3beta,27-dihydroxy-12-ursen-28-oic acid (4), 3beta,13beta-dihydroxyurs-11-en-28-oic acid (5), 3beta-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-aldehyde (6), 28-norurs-12-en-3beta-ol (7), urs-12-en-3beta-ol (8), urs-12-ene-3beta,28-diol (9), 3beta-hydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid (oleanolic acid ... | 2005 | 15730243 |
| determination of oleandrin in tissues and biological fluids by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. | a rapid lc-ms/ms method, using a triple-quadrupole/linear ion trap mass spectrometer, was developed for the quantitative determination of oleandrin in serum, urine, and tissue samples. oleandrin, the major cardiac glycoside of oleander (nerium oleander l.), was extracted from serum and urine samples with methylene chloride and from tissues with acetonitrile. the tissue extracts were cleaned up using florisil solid-phase extraction columns. six replicate fortifications of serum and urine at 0.001 ... | 2005 | 15913289 |
| [nerium oleander self poisoning treated with digoxin-specific antibodies]. | a chronically depressed 44-year-old man was rescued by the french medicalised ambulance service four hours after the ingestion of nerium oleander leaves in a suicide attempt. cardiotoxicity was evidenced by the presence of bradycardia with mental confusion and vomiting. the patient was empirically treated in the prehospital phase with a single dose of digoxin-specific fab antibody fragments (digidot). in spite of this treatment, the patient presented a new episode of important bradycardia (25 b/ ... | 2005 | 15921882 |
| higher plants as bioindicators of sulphur dioxide emissions in urban environments. | the evaluation of certain vascular plants that grow in the city of madrid as biomonitors of so(2) air pollution in urban environments has been carried out. total concentration of sulphur in leaves of the chosen higher plants as well as other parameters in close relation to this contaminant (visible injury symptoms, chlorophyll a- and b-content and peroxidase activity) have been determined in order to study the spatial distribution and temporal changes in so(2) deposition. results obtained show t ... | 2005 | 16311823 |
| assessment of airborne heavy metal pollution by aboveground plant parts. | italian stone pine (pinus pinea l.) and oleander (nerium oleander l.) leaves, bark and wood samples were collected at different sites around an industrial area (huelva, sw spain) and compared with samples of the same species from a background site. samples were analysed with respect to the following pollutants: al, ba, cr, cu, fe and pb by icp-aes. the suitability of different plant parts as biomonitors of pollution was investigated. in pine samples from the polluted sites the ratio of concentra ... | 2006 | 16624374 |
| phase transitions in thylakoid polar lipids of chilling-sensitive plants: a comparison of detection methods. | the phase behavior of thylakoid polar lipids from plants sensitive to chilling injury was investigated by calorimetry, electron spin resonance spectroscopy of spin labels, and fluorescence intensity after labeling with trans-parinaric acid. the plants used were oleander (nerium oleander), mung bean (vigna radiata l. var mungo), and tomato (lycopersicon esculentum cv grosse lisse). for all plants the initiation temperature for the calorimetric exotherm was coincident (+/-1 degrees c) with the tra ... | 1986 | 16664677 |
| heavy metals content in n. oleander leaves as urban pollution assessment. | nerium oleander l. (oleander) leaves grown in palermo city (sicily, italy) were collected from six sampling sites representing either areas of high traffic and urbanisation density or areas far away from traffic (e.g. city gardens). concentration of al, ba, cr, cu, fe, pb, mg, mn, and zn were determined in leaf samples during two years. multivariate analysis classified the sampling sites in four groups based on the metal content in vegetal leaves in agreement with traffic and human activity site ... | 2006 | 16738782 |
| taraxasterane- and ursane-type triterpenes from nerium oleander and their biological activities. | two new taraxasterane-type triterpenes, 20beta,28-epoxy-28alpha-methoxytaraxasteran-3beta-ol (1) and 20beta,28-epoxytaraxaster-21-en-3beta-ol (2), were isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of nerium oleander, together with ursane-type triterpenes, 28-nor-urs-12-ene-3beta,17beta-diol (3) and 3beta-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-aldehyde (4). the structures of 1 and 2 were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data. anti-inflammatory activity of 1-4 was examined on the basis of inhi ... | 2006 | 16933868 |
| contribution to the knowledge of the veterinary science and of the ethnobotany in calabria region (southern italy). | a series of preliminary research projects on plants used in calabria (southern italy) in veterinary science and in other ethno-botanical fields (minor nourishment, domestic and handicraft sector) was carried out in the last twenty years. from the ethno-botanical point of view, calabria is one of the most interesting region, since in the ancient times it was subject to the dominant cultures of several people (greeks, romans, byzantines, arabs, normans etc.). until some decades ago the road networ ... | 2006 | 17156472 |
| cytotoxic effects of leaf, stem and root extracts of nerium oleander on leukemia cell lines and role of the p-glycoprotein in this effect. | nerium oleander (no), is a toxic plant. in recent studies, it was determined that the extracts of this plant are effective to treat some types of cancer, but these studies are limited and do not include human leukemia. in the present study, firstly we aimed to investigate in vitro the cytotoxic effects of no on the hl60 and k562 leukemia cell lines. the cells were incubated with six different concentrations of each three extracts. mtt assay was employed as a cytotoxicity test. it was observed th ... | 2006 | 17228522 |
| acute cattle intoxication from nerium oleander pods. | seven outbreaks of acute intoxication from oleander (nerium oleander) in cattle were reported in northeast of brazil. a total of 92 cattle were poisoned by oleander in 7 different herds; 57 animals died (67% of affected cattle). all cases reported here occurred during dry season. two of the outbreaks resulted from offering oleander triturated and mixed with fodder. in the other cases, accidental ingestion of residual parts of oleander derived from pruning or cutting plants on grazing land were r ... | 2006 | 17243471 |
| bioactive pregnanes from nerium oleander. | three new pregnanes, 21-hydroxypregna-4,6-diene-3,12,20-trione (1), 20r-hydroxypregna-4,6-diene-3,12-dione (2), and 16beta,17beta-epoxy-12beta-hydroxypregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione (3), were isolated from nerium oleander, together with two known compounds, 12beta-hydroxypregna-4,6,16-triene-3,20-dione (neridienone a, 4) and 20s,21-dihydroxypregna-4,6-diene-3,12-dione (neridienone b, 5). the structures of compounds 1-3 were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data. the anti-inflammatory ... | 2007 | 17253842 |
| strategies of heavy metal uptake by plants growing under industrial emissions. | total concentrations of al, ba, ca, cr, cu, fe, k, mg, mn, pb and zn have been estimated in soil (a-horizon) and in leaves and stem samples of two mediterranean species (nerium oleander l. and pinus pinea l.) growing in an industrial area in spain (huelva). both species showed a different behaviour for the elements studied. bark and leaves of both species acted as excluders of al, ba, cr, fe and pb, n. oleander acted as indicator of cu and zn and, needles and bark of p. pinea behaved as accumula ... | 2007 | 17363057 |
| bioactive cardenolides from the stems and twigs of nerium oleander. | four new cardenolide monoglycosides, cardenolides n-1 (1), n-2 (2), n-3 (3), and n-4 (4), were isolated from nerium oleander, together with two known cardenolides, 5 and 12, and seven cardenolide monoglycosides, 6-11 and 13. the structures of compounds 1-4 were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data. the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of compounds 1-13 was examined on the basis of inhibitory activity against the induction of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1). comp ... | 2007 | 17595134 |
| toxicity in goats caused by oleander (nerium oleander). | cases of poisoning by oleander (nerium oleander) were observed in several species, except in goats. this study aimed to evaluate the pathological effects of oleander in goats. the experimental design used three goats per group: the control group, which did not receive oleander and the experimental group, which received leaves of oleander (50 mg/kg/day) for six consecutive days. on the seventh day, goats received 110 mg/kg of oleander leaves four times at one-hourly interval. a last dose of 330 m ... | 2008 | 18031775 |
| autophagic cell death of human pancreatic tumor cells mediated by oleandrin, a lipid-soluble cardiac glycoside. | lipid-soluble cardiac glycosides such as bufalin, oleandrin, and digitoxin have been suggested as potent agents that might be useful as anticancer agents. past research with oleandrin, a principle cardiac glycoside in nerium oleander l. (apocynaceae), has been shown to induce cell death through induction of apoptosis. in panc-1 cells, a human pancreatic cancer cell line, cell death occurs not through apoptosis but rather through autophagy. oleandrin at low nanomolar concentrations potently inhib ... | 2007 | 18048883 |
| microbial metabolism of biologically active secondary metabolites from nerium oleander l. | ursolic acid (1) and kaempferol (3) are two major constituents of the mediterranean plant nerium oleander l. microbial metabolism of (1) with aspergillus flavus (atcc 9170) resulted in the formation of 3-oxo-ursolic acid derivative, ursonic acid (2). on the other hand, cunninghamella blakesleeana (atcc 8688a) was able to convert (3) into kaempferol 3-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside (4) as well as the new natural product kaempferol 4'-sulfate (5). incubation of kaempferol with mucor ramannianus (atcc 96 ... | 2008 | 18758096 |
| causal role of xylella fastidiosa in oleander leaf scorch disease. | abstract a lethal leaf scorch disease of oleander (nerium oleander) appeared in southern california in 1993. a bacterium, xylella fastidiosa, was detected by culturing, enzyme-linked immunoassay, and polymerase chain reaction in most symptomatic plants but not in symptomless plants or negative controls. inoculating oleanders mechanically with x. fastidiosa cultures from diseased oleanders caused oleander leaf scorch (ols) disease. the bacterium was reisolated from inoculated plants that became d ... | 1999 | 18944803 |
| determinants of human and mouse melanoma cell sensitivities to oleandrin. | oleandrin, a cardiac glycoside component of nerium oleander, has been shown to induce apoptosis in malignant cells. while human tumor cells are very sensitive to growth inhibition by oleandrin, murine tumor cells are extremely resistant. using human bro and mouse b16 melanoma cell lines, we explored several possible determinants of cell sensitivity to oleandrin and compared with ouabain. the studies include na+, k(+)-atpase activity and its isoforms as well as the cellular uptake of these cardia ... | 2008 | 19066128 |
| plant sources of chinese herbal remedies: laboratory efficacy, suppression of meloidogyne javanica in soil, and phytotoxicity assays. | extracts of chinese herbal medicines from plants representing 13 families were tested for their ability to suppress plant-parasitic nematodes. effective concentration (ec(50) and ec(90)) levels for 18 of the extracts were determined in laboratory assays with meloidogyne javanica juveniles and all stages of pratylenchus vulnus. efficacy of 17 extracts was tested against m. javanica in soil. generally, ec(50) and ec(90) values determined in the laboratory were useful indicators for application rat ... | 2002 | 19265919 |
| applicability of leachates originating from solid-waste landfills for irrigation in landfill restoration projects. | since, landfill areas are still the most widely used solid waste disposal method across the world, leachate generated from landfills should be given importance. leachate of landfills exerts environmental risks mostly on surface and groundwater with its high pollutant content, which may cause unbearable water quality. this leads to the obligation for decontamination and remediation program to be taken into progress for the landfill area. among a number of alternatives to cope with leachate, one i ... | 2008 | 19295082 |
| ethnopharmacological survey of wild medicinal plants in showbak, jordan. | two main research questions are framing this investigation: (1) the main taxa of the medicinal importance value altered the showbak forest stand and species composition? (2) the most safe species and what are the toxic ones (unsafe). these two research questions are the vital ones to draw a clear image about the wild medicinal plants of this investigated area of showbak region in jordan. 79 wild medicinal plant species were investigated in this study which are used in traditional medication for ... | 2009 | 19429338 |
| antifungal activity of nettle (urtica dioica l.), colocynth (citrullus colocynthis l. schrad), oleander (nerium oleander l.) and konar (ziziphus spina-christi l.) extracts on plants pathogenic fungi. | anti-mycotic activity of the ethanol extracts from nettle (urtica dioica l.), colocynth (citrullus colocynthis l. schrad), konar (ziziphus spina-christi l.) and oleander (nerium oleander l.) floral parts were screened in vitro against four important plant pathogenic fungi viz.; alternaria alternate, fusarium oxysporum, fusarium solani and rizoctonia solani using agar dilution bioassay. extracts showed antifungal activity against all the tested fungi. among the plants, nettle and colocynth were t ... | 2009 | 19579919 |
| platinum and rhodium associated with the leaves of nerium oleander l.; analytical method using voltammetry; assessment of air quality in the palermo (italy) area. | a rapid accumulation of the catalytic active noble metals in the environmental and biological matrices was observed and concern arose about potential environmental and health risks. the development of reliable analytic methods to measure very low pt and rh concentrations is required. the main purpose of this work was to develop a reliable method for the determination of pt and rh in environmental matrices because of inherent difficulties in using conventional techniques used, in particular, the ... | 2010 | 19846253 |
| biomonitoring of chemical elements in an urban environment using arboreal and bush plant species. | the aim of this work was to investigate the possibility of using several bush and arboreal plant species, usually present as ornamental plants in street and parks, as environmental indicators of pollution. this is a research paper that evaluates the real possibility of using a fast and low-cost procedure to evaluate the pollution degree through data obtained from plant species growing within an urban environment. | 2011 | 20559747 |
| cardioprotective effect of nerium oleander flower against isoproterenol-induced myocardial oxidative stress in experimental rats. | nerium oleander linn (nol) an evergreen shrub belonging to the apocynaceae family has been reported to have a wide spectrum of bioactivities. in in vitro study, the free radical scavenging potential of the hydroethanolic extract of n oleander linn (eno) flower and its fractions (glycosidic and nonglycosidic) were studied using 2, 2(')-azino-di [3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulphonate] (abts(*+) ) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph*) scavenging assay. eno exhibited better radical scavenging activi ... | 2010 | 21191138 |
| potent α-amylase inhibitory activity of indian ayurvedic medicinal plants. | indian medicinal plants used in the ayurvedic traditional system to treat diabetes are a valuable source of novel anti-diabetic agents. pancreatic α-amylase inhibitors offer an effective strategy to lower the levels of post-prandial hyperglycemia via control of starch breakdown. in this study, seventeen indian medicinal plants with known hypoglycemic properties were subjected to sequential solvent extraction and tested for α-amylase inhibition, in order to assess and evaluate their inhibitory po ... | 2011 | 21251279 |
| characterization of the anticancer properties of monoglycosidic cardenolides isolated from nerium oleander and streptocaulon tomentosum. | for identification of the active constituents we investigated the anticancer activity of cardenolides from streptocaulon tomentosum wight & arn. (asclepiadaceae) and from nerium oleander l. (apocynaceae) which are both used against cancer in the traditional medicine in their region of origin. | 2011 | 21291990 |
| the structure of a new cardenolide diglycoside and the biological activities of eleven cardenolide diglycosides from nerium oleander. | a new cardenolide diglycoside (1) was isolated from nerium oleander together with ten known cardenolide diglycosides 2-11. the structure of compound 1 was established on the basis of their spectroscopic data. the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of compounds 1-11 was examined on the basis of inhibitory activity against the induction of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1). compounds 2-5 were active at an ic(50) value of less than 0.8 µm. the cytotoxicity of compounds 1-11 was evalua ... | 2011 | 21372420 |
| experimental oleander (nerium oleander) intoxication in broiler chickens (gallus gallus). | dried leaves of oleander were orally given at a single dose of 500 mg/kg body weight to 20 clinically healthy male chickens. clinical signs of toxicosis began to appear about 1 h after receiving the oleander and included hypersalivation, vomiting, diarrhea, deep depression, and sudden death. also, hyperemia in the combs and wattles was obviously seen. electrocardiograms (ecg) were repeatedly recorded at 30 min intervals. ecgs findings included increasing the qrs duration in some birds and variou ... | 2011 | 21576188 |
| antiproliferative and phytochemical analyses of leaf extracts of ten apocynaceae species. | the anticancer properties of apocynaceae species are well known in barks and roots but less so in leaves. | 2011 | 21772753 |
| Hypolipidemic potential of flowers of Nerium oleander in high fat diet-fed Sprague Dawley rats. | Nerium oleander Linn. (NO), an evergreen shrub, is used in folklore medicine as a cardiotonic and exhibits a wide spectrum of bioactivities. Herein, the hypolipidemic potential of the ethanolic extract of flowers of Nerium oleander (ENO) in a minimal dose was assessed. A high fat diet (HFD) resulted in a significant increase in cardiac lipids and lipoproteins and an increase in body weight gain. Simultaneous treatment with ENO significantly lowered the increase in body weight gain, lipid and lip ... | 2011 | 21726133 |
| Acromyrmex octospinosus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) management. Part 1: Effects of TRAMIL's insecticidal plant extracts. | BACKGROUND: Leaf-cutting ants are considered to be one of the most important pest species of the New World. Until now, control strategies against these leaf-cutting ants have mainly been synthetic chemicals. The aim of the present study was to test the action of several plant extracts quoted as an example by TRAMIL participative surveys for their insecticidal properties on adult major workers of Acromyrmex octospinosus. Three tests were used to that end: contact toxicity, repellent test and inge ... | 2011 | 21858911 |
| unexpected double lethal oleander poisoning. | nerium oleander is a very popular urban ornamental plant in europe, but it is also extremely dangerous because it contains several types of glycosides, accidental ingestion of which can cause cardiac arrhythmias and even deaths.the rarity of such cases makes it difficult to think of oleander poisoning without evidences that suggest this possibility as the cause of the unexpected death.this report concerns the discovery of the bodies of 2 young people, a man and a woman, in a forest in conditions ... | 2011 | 21926903 |
| poisonous plants in new zealand: a review of those that are most commonly enquired about to the national poisons centre. | new zealand has a number of plants, both native and introduced, contact with which can lead to poisoning. the new zealand national poisons centre (nznpc) frequently receives enquiries regarding exposures to poisonous plants. poisonous plants can cause harm following inadvertent ingestion, via skin contact, eye exposures or inhalation of sawdust or smoked plant matter. | 2012 | 23321887 |
| oleander poisoning. | the two common oleanders, thevetia peruviana and nerium oleander, contain a mixture of poisons including cardiac glycosides, and are extremely toxic. they are cultivated universally throughout australia, and rank equally with mushrooms as the major cause of children's admission to hospital after accidental plant ingestions. a seven-year total population survey from south-east queensland has revealed that, in practice, the rate of clinical poisoning due to oleander is inconsequential, and mortali ... | 2001 | 92752 |
| arthrobacter siccitolerans sp. nov., a highly desiccation-tolerant, xeroprotectant-producing strain isolated from dry soil. | a novel desiccation-tolerant, xeroprotectant-producing bacterium, designated strain 4j27(t), was isolated from a nerium oleander rhizosphere subjected to seasonal drought in granada, spain. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequencing placed the isolate within the genus arthrobacter, its closest relative being arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans shep3 dsm 18606(t), with which it showed 99.23 % 16s rrna gene sequence similarity. dna-dna hybridization measurements showed less than 25 % rela ... | 2013 | 23771623 |
| larvicidal activity of nerium oleander against larvae west nile vector mosquito culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). | background. outbreaks of the west nile virus infection were reported in morocco in 1996, 2003, and 2010. culex pipiens was strongly suspected as the vector responsible for transmission. in the north center of morocco, this species has developed resistance to synthetic insecticides. there is an urgent need to find alternatives to the insecticides as natural biocides. objective. in this work, the insecticidal activity of the extract of the local plant nerium oleander, which has never been tested b ... | 2015 | 26640701 |
| larvicidal, biological and genotoxic effects, and temperature-toxicity relationship of some leaf extracts of nerium oleander (apocynaceae) on culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). | the present study was undertaken to study the larvicidal activity of different extracts of nerium oleander leaves, and post-treatment temperature- toxicity relationship of these extracts against culex pipiens. further, the most potent extract was used to evaluate its biological and genotoxic activities. | 2015 | 27047967 |
| an evidence-based review on medicinal plants used as insecticide and insect repellent in traditional iranian medicine. | insects can be the cause of major ecological problems; they can transmit microbes and parasites that affect humans, and damage food crops, trees, and homes. the total economic cost of insect-related damage and disease is immeasurable. in traditional iranian medicine (tim), several medicinal plants have been identified as insecticides or insect repellents, but many of them are still unknown. therefore, the aim of this study was to review the insecticidal or insect repellent activity of certain me ... | 2016 | 27186389 |
| ephedra alte (joint pine): an invasive, problematic weedy species in forestry and fruit tree orchards in jordan. | a field survey was carried out to record plant species climbed by ephedra alte in certain parts of jordan during 2008-2010. forty species of shrubs, ornamental, fruit, and forest trees belonging to 24 plant families suffered from the climbing habit of e. alte. growth of host plants was adversely affected by e. alte growth that extended over their vegetation. in addition to its possible competition for water and nutrients, the extensive growth it forms over host species prevents photosynthesis, s ... | 2012 | 22645486 |
| genome sequence of arthrobacter koreensis 5j12a, a plant growth-promoting and desiccation-tolerant strain. | arthrobacter koreensis 5j12a is a desiccation-tolerant organism isolated from the nerium oleander rhizosphere. here, we report its genome sequence, which may shed light on its role in plant growth promotion. this is believed to be the first published genome of a desiccation-tolerant plant growth promoter from the genus arthrobacter. | 2015 | 26067978 |
| biosurfactants prevent in vitro candida albicans biofilm formation on resins and silicon materials for prosthetic devices. | the aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the preventive antiadhesion activity of biosurfactants against candida albicans biofilm. | 2012 | 22668702 |
| acute death associated with citrobacter freundii infection in an african elephant (loxodonta africana). | a 21-year-old male african elephant (loxodonta africana) died suddenly with no previous medical history. grossly, there were severe multifocal epicardial and endocardial hemorrhages of the atria and ventricles, hydropericardium, multifocal pleural hemorrhages, and severe pulmonary congestion and edema. histologically, there was fibrinoid vasculitis and thrombosis in the heart and lung and myocardial necrosis. citrobacter freundii was isolated in abundance in pure culture from liver and heart sam ... | 2015 | 26179092 |
| pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi: some like it knot. | pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi is the causal agent of olive (olea europaea) knot disease and an unorthodox member of the p. syringae complex, causing aerial tumours instead of the foliar necroses and cankers characteristic of most members of this complex. olive knot is present wherever olive is grown; although losses are difficult to assess, it is assumed that olive knot is one of the most important diseases of the olive crop. the last century witnessed a large number of scientific articl ... | 2012 | 22805238 |
| in vitro antifugal activity of medicinal plant extract against fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 3 the causal agent of tomato wilt. | medicinal plant extracts of five plants; adhatoda vasica, eucalyptus globulus, lantana camara, nerium oleander and ocimum basilicum collected from cairo, egypt were evaluated against fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 3 in vitro conditions using water and certain organic solvents. the results revealed that cold distilled water extracts of o. basilicum and e. globulus were the most effective ones for inhibiting the growth of f. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. butanolic and ethanolic extract ... | 2014 | 24561899 |
| nerium oleander derived cardiac glycoside oleandrin is a novel inhibitor of hiv infectivity. | we evaluated the effectiveness of anvirzel™, an aqueous extract of nerium oleander on hiv infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. oleandrin, the principle cardiac glycoside (cg) in anvirzel™ has been shown to exhibit anti-cancer properties but its efficacy against hiv is unknown. treatment with anvirzel™ significantly reduced the infectivity of virus produced from infected cells without any change in the total amount of virus produced. this is in contrast to treatment with azt, a ... | 2013 | 23127567 |
| phytochemical analysis & antibacterial activity of nerium oleander. | nerium indicum [family:apocynaceae] is commonly known as arali [tam] found throughout india, and has been used in the treatment of cancer, cardiotonic, leprosy and skin diseases. plant parts such as root, bark and leaves are used. the present study is therefore undertaken to analyse its phyto chemical constituents in solvents like benene, chloroform and alcohol and to screen its antibacterial activity. the dried leaf sample is extracted with solvents by cold maceration. the phytochemical analysi ... | 2007 | 22557246 |
| indole-3-acetic acid in plant-pathogen interactions: a key molecule for in planta bacterial virulence and fitness. | the plant pathogenic bacterium pseudomonas savastanoi, the causal agent of olive and oleander knot disease, uses the so-called "indole-3-acetamide pathway" to convert tryptophan to indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) via a two-step pathway catalyzed by enzymes encoded by the genes in the iaam/iaah operon. moreover, pathovar nerii of p. savastanoi is able to conjugate iaa to lysine to generate the less biologically active compound iaa-lys via the enzyme iaa-lysine synthase encoded by the iaal gene. intere ... | 2017 | 27637152 |
| xylella fastidiosa codiro strain associated with the olive quick decline syndrome in southern italy belongs to a clonal complex of the subspecies pauca that evolved in central america. | xylella fastidiosa, a xylem-limited bacterium transmitted by xylem-fluid-feeding hemiptera insects, causes economic losses of both woody and herbaceous plant species. a xyl. fastidiosa subsp. pauca strain, namely codiro, was recently found to be associated with the 'olive quick decline syndrome' in southern italy (i.e. apulia region). recently, some xyl. fastidiosa strains intercepted in france from coffea spp. plant cuttings imported from central and south america were characterized. the introd ... | 2016 | 27902416 |
| [effect of several extracts derived from plants on the survival of larvae of aedes fluviatilis (lutz) (diptera: culicidae) in the laboratory]. | the larvicidal properties of 34 plant extracts were tested against aedes fluviatilis (lutz) (diptera: culicidae) larvae, at 100, 10 and 1 ppm concentrations; 26.6% of the extracts enhanced larval mortality (alpha = 0.05) at 100 ppm (anacardium occidentale, agave americana, allium sativum, coriandrum sativum, nerium oleander, spatodea campanulata, tibouchina scrobiculata and vernonia salzmanni). anacardic acid (a. occidentale) was effective at 10 ppm and a. sativum (crude extract) at 1 ppm. | 2006 | 3249563 |
| fungal planet description sheets: 214-280. | novel species of microfungi described in the present study include the following from south africa: cercosporella dolichandrae from dolichandra unguiscati, seiridium podocarpi from podocarpus latifolius, pseudocercospora parapseudarthriae from pseudarthria hookeri, neodevriesia coryneliae from corynelia uberata on leaves of afrocarpus falcatus, ramichloridium eucleae from euclea undulata and stachybotrys aloeticola from aloe sp. (south africa), as novel member of the stachybotriaceae fam. nov. s ... | 2014 | 25264390 |
| ethnopharmacological survey of plants used in the traditional treatment of hypertension and diabetes in south-eastern morocco (errachidia province). | this survey was undertaken in the errachidia province in south-eastern morocco in order to inventory the main medicinal plants used in folk medicine to treat arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus. four hundred individuals who knew about and/or had used the medicinal plants for the indicated diseases, including some herbal healers, were interviewed throughout different regions of the province. the inventory of medicinal plants is summarized in a synoptic table, which contains the scientific ... | 2007 | 17052873 |
| prophylactic and therapeutic effects of garlic extract on nerium oleander-induced arrhythmia: a new approach to antiarrhythmic therapy in an ovine model. | oleander is a potent cardiotoxic plant and is a common cause of poisoning in human and animals. there is no affordable and cost-effective treatment for oleander poisoning. objective. to evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of garlic extract (allium sativum) on nerium oleander (a potent cardiotoxic plant) intoxication in sheep. | 2013 | 23944745 |
| water-soluble egg membrane enhances the immunoactivating properties of an aloe vera-based extract of nerium oleander leaves. | to evaluate a blend of two natural ingredients on immune parameters relevant for their current topical use and potential support of microcirculation in skin tissue. | 2016 | 27843333 |
| antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and skin regenerative properties of an aloe vera-based extract of nerium oleander leaves (nae-8(®)). | the goal for this study was to evaluate the effects of an aloe vera-based nerium oleander extract (nae-8(®)), compared to an extract of a. vera gel alone (aloe), and to an aqueous extract of n. oleander (aq-noe) in bioassays pertaining to dermatologic potential with respect to antioxidant protection, anti-inflammatory effects, and cytokine profiles in vitro. | 2015 | 26005354 |
| effect of medicinal and aromatic plants on rumen fermentation, protozoa population and methanogenesis in vitro. | the potential of tannins from 21 medicinal and aromatic plant leaves as antimethanogenic additives in ruminant feeds was investigated. the effect of tannin from these leaves on rumen fermentation parameters, protozoa population and methanogenesis was studied by incubating the samples [200 mg dry matter (dm)] without and with polyethylene glycol (peg)-6000 (400 mg dm) as a tannin binder during 24-h incubation in the in vitro hohenheim gas method. based on the methane percentage estimated in the t ... | 2013 | 22385477 |
| evaluation of leaf aqueous extract and synthesized silver nanoparticles using nerium oleander against anopheles stephensi (diptera: culicidae). | green nanoparticle synthesis has been achieved using environmentally acceptable plant extract and ecofriendly reducing and capping agents. the present study was carried out to establish the larvicidal activity of synthesized silver nanoparticles (agnps) using leaf extract of nerium oleander (apocynaceae) against the first to fourth instar larvae and pupae of malaria vector, anopheles stephensi (diptera: culicidae). nanoparticles are being used in many commercial applications. it was found that a ... | 2013 | 23239092 |
| larvicidal activity of a few plant extracts against culex quinquefasciatus and anopheles stephensi. | larvicidal activity of partially purified extracts of leaves of vitex negundo, nerium oleander and seeds of syzygium jambolanum on different instars of culex quinquefasciatus and anopheles stephensi was estimated. petroleum ether (pe): ethyl acetate (ea) 3:1 fraction of v. negundo, 1:1 fractions of n. oleander and s. jambolanum inflicted considerable larval mortality and interfered with pupal-adult metamorphosis. at very low concentration the active fractions of these plant extracts extended the ... | 1995 | 8549835 |
| the responses of stomata and leaf gas exchange to vapour pressure deficits and soil water content : i. species comparisons at high soil water contents. | the responses of photosynthesis, transpiration and leaf conductance to changes in vapour pressure deficit were followed in well-watered plants of the herbaceous species, helianthus annuus, helianthus nuttallii, pisum sativum and vigna unguiculata, and in the woody species having either sclerophyllous leaves, arbutus unedo, nerium oleander and pistacia vera, or mesomorphic leaves, corylus avellana, gossypium hirsutum and prunus dulcis. when the vapour pressure deficit of the air around a single l ... | 1984 | 28311208 |
| naturally occurring cardiac glycosides. | cardiac glycoside poisoning from the ingestion of plants, particularly of oleanders, occurs with reasonable frequency in tropical and subtropical areas. we have assessed a variety of plant specimens for their cardiac glycoside content by means of radioimmunoassays with antibodies that differ in their specificity for cardiac glycosides. significant amounts of immunoreactive cardiac glycoside were found to be present in the ornamental shrubs: yellow oleander (thevetia peruviana); oleander (nerium ... | 1986 | 3086679 |
| the effect of host plant phenology on reproduction of the milkweed bug, oncopeltus fasciatus, in tropical florida. | a field study of the relationship between host plant phenology and the reproductive pattern of the large milkweed bug, oncopeltus fasciatus, was conducted in south florida. since o. fasciatus need seeds of either milkweed or nerium oleander plants to reproduce, reproduction takes place on only those host plants that are producing seed pods.two of four major host plants, asclepias incarnata and sarcostemma clausa fruit seasonally, producing pods in early autumn and early winter, respectively. the ... | 1982 | 28310113 |
| digoxin overdose: clinical features and managementvanessa bara discusses the risk factors, antidotal therapy, and management of digoxin toxicity. | digoxin is a digitalis glycoside extracted front the leaves of the plant digitalis lanata. more commonly known as grecian foxglove. the digitalis glycosides are present in many plants including digitalis purpura (foxglove), nerium oleander (oleander) and convallaria majalis (lily-of-the-valley). they are also found in some toads, such as bufo bufo-bufo (european toad). digitalis glycosides are believed to have been used for therapeutic benefit in the first century ad. more recently, detailed des ... | 2001 | 27731735 |
| the traditional medical uses and cytotoxic activities of sixty-one egyptian plants: discovery of an active cardiac glycoside from urginea maritima. | medicinal plants from the sinai desert are widely used in traditional bedouin medicine to treat a range of conditions including, cancers, and may thus be useful sources of novel anti-tumor compounds. information on plants used in this way was obtained through collaboration with bedouin herbalists. | 2013 | 23228916 |
| mistletoes and mutant albino shoots on woody plants as mineral nutrient traps. | potassium, sulphur and zinc contents of mistletoe leaves are generally higher than in their hosts. this is attributed to the fact that chemical elements which are cycled between xylem and phloem in the process of phloem loading of sugars are trapped in the mistletoe, because these parasites do not feed their hosts. here it is hypothesized that mutant albino shoots on otherwise green plants should behave similarly, because they lack photosynthesis and thus cannot recycle elements involved in suga ... | 2012 | 22442343 |
| comparison of water potentials measured by in situ psychrometry and pressure chamber in morphologically different species. | leaf water potentials measured by in situ psychrometry were compared with leaf water potentials measured by the pressure chamber technique at various values of water potential in helianthus annuus, helianthus nuttallii, vigna unguiculata, nerium oleander, pistacia vera, and corylus avellana. in v. unguiculata, the leaf water potentials measured by the in situ psychrometer oscillated at the same periodicity as, and proportional to, the leaf conductance. in all species, potentials measured by in s ... | 1984 | 16663415 |
| lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity in relation to photoinhibition induced by chilling in moderate light. | the effect of a chilling stress, at a moderate photon flux density for a few hours, on the peroxidation of membrane lipids and on superoxide dismutase (sod) activity was compared in leaf slices of chilling-sensitive and chilling-insensitive plants. the aim was to determine if susceptibility to chill-temperature photoinhibition could be related to either damage to membrane lipids by superoxide and-or a decrease in activity of chloroplast sod. plants used were nerium oleander l., grown at 45° c, a ... | 1991 | 24186344 |