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[occurence of an outbreak of horse dermatophytosis caused by the fungus trichophyton equinum].there is a description of equine dermatophytosis enzootic, caused by the microscopic fungus trichophyton equinum. the disease affected 32 horses, mostly young, all in the same herd (74.4%). the diseased horses were successfully treated with the preparation fenoform forte, applied superficially at the concentration of 0.5% of the active substance. the authors made an attempt to determine the criteria for clinical differentiation of fully developed trichophytosis and microsporosis of horses. trich ...197896566
[mycological picture index. 91. endogenous variations in dermatophytes on various culture media. trichophyton equinum and trichophyton tonsurans var epilans on glucose peptone agar as well as trichophyton violaceum on kimmig agar]. 19725080489
an epizootic of trichophyton equinum infection on horses in brazil. 19635896182
experimental infections of trichophyton equinum in calves. 19734712322
recognition of trichophyton equinum var. equinum infection of horses. 19846743149
a report on generalized equine ringworm (trichophyton equinum) complicated by tick infestation (boophilus decoloratus) and besnoitiosis. 19724666915
[disinfection for dermatomycoses in veterinary practice].sporulating cultures of two strains of trichophyton equinum, two strains of trich. mentagrophytes and one strain of microsporum canis were tested by a simple dipping technique for their sensitivity to ten currently used disinfectants. antifungal effects on all cultures of dermatophytes were observed already after one-minute treatment with 0.5%-4% peracetic acid, 4% formaldehyde solution and concentrated solution of lastanox super. the above strains were inactivated after five-minute treatment wi ...19853919486
temperature-dependent dimorphism and growth rate of trichophyton equinum mutants. 19882977895
hypersensitivity to trichophytin in small animals experimentally infected with trichophyton equinum.typical lesions resulting from experimental trichophyton equinum infection in laboratory animals persisted for 3-4 weeks. lesions in rabbits were slightly less severe than those in guinea pigs. in experimentally infected dogs lesions persisted for longer and developed in the form of a deep, crusty dermatophytosis. in skin tests with three trichophytins it was shown that specific hypersensitivity resulting from infection of laboratory animals persists for at least 6 months. stronger local reactio ...19892628557
[biochemical properties of polish and standard strains of trichophyton equinum].it was found that strains of t. equinum which were tested, produced in vitro urease, gelatinase, protease for bovine serum, hemolysins for horse and sheep red blood cells, and keratinase for horse, bovine and canine hair. the ability to produce elastase and caseinase was not recorded. in urease test, it was noticed that after three passages on media with urea the time of appearance of positive reactions was shortened and all strains of t. equinum reacted positively during three days. in these st ...19892562078
onychomycosis caused by trichophyton equinum.a case of onychomycosis caused by trichophyton equinum affecting the right thumbnail of a 13-year-old girl is described. trichophyton equinum appears to be an extremely rare cause of nail infection.19892532575
[studies of the antigenic structure of trichophyton equinum].in the studies on antigenic structure of t. equinum double diffusion precipitation test in agar gel and immunoelectrophoresis were used. while preparing precipitation sera in rabbits it was manifested that the best results are achieved by immunization with live antigen. in the group of metabolic antigens and water extracts of the strains of t. equinum which were tested, 10-11 serologically+ active fractions were found whereas in protein component only l1 fraction. in comparative studies based on ...19892518619
[morphological and tissue-culture properties of trichophyton equinum].in the studies it was revealed that the content of the medium determines growth and appearance of t. equinum colony. on solid sabouraud media two types of colonies were observed, however, colonies with characteristic radial folds and grooves in the paracentral zone and umbilical elevation in the centre dominated. as typical features of t. equinum one can accept dark red pigmentation of the reverse side of colony in the culture on solid sabouraud medium with glucose and yellow and orange pigmenta ...19892486274
[experimental trichophytosis in calves caused by cultures of trichophyton verrucosum and trichophyton equinum].tests were performed on 130 one-month-old calves. in 16 animals, treatment with a suspension of trichophyton verrucosum culture at the dosage of 5 mil. conidia for an area of 10 x 10 of the clipped skin caused clinical trichophytic changes. the length of the incubation time was shorter in the calves scarified before inoculation of the infecting culture (10 to 13 days), as compared with the group of calves without scarification of the skin (11 to 19 days). only 3 in 6 calves, infected by the same ...19902102571
studies on the prevalence of ringworm among horses in racing and breeding stables.a survey of 568 horses in training and 2,535 horses on breeding farms has shown 32 percent of the horses in training to be clinically affected while only 1.1 percent of breeding horses were affected with pathogenic dermatophytes. the majority of lesions on racing horses were located on the girth areas. trichophyton equinum var. autotrophicum, m. canis and m. equinum were found to be restricted to racing horses only. m. gypseum occurred in racing, riding and breeding horses.19761016167
[cummulative occurrence of dermatophytosis in cattle due to trichophyton equinum (matruchet et dassonville)]. 1978696078
equine ringworm with special reference to trichophyton equinum. 195713470237
the epidemiology of ringworm in racehorses caused by trichophyton equinum var autotrophicum.the epidemiology of dermatomycocis due to trichophyton equinum var autotrophicum was studied in a number of thoroughbred stables in south-east queensland. the significant factors in the epidemiology were defined. the infection was readily transmitted, particularly by infected saddle-girths, on which the fungus could survive for 12 months. mild abrasion from the saddle during work favoured the development of lesions and prolonged the recovery period. a pronounced age and seasonal incidence of the ...1979543830
[occurrence of anthropozoonotic trichophytosis (trichophyton equinum, matruchot et dassonville, gedoelst, 1902) in slovakia (author's transl)]. 1979455105
treatment of ringworm in horses with natamycin.a suspension based on the antibiotic, natamycin, was applied by sponging to 83 horses of various breeds and ages with signs of clinical ringworm. a number of different causative agents were involved of which trichophyton equinum was the most common. treatment successfully eliminated the disease within 4 weeks. after treatment the recovered animals did not show any evidence of re-infection for up to 6 months. the mycological clearance rate was 97 per cent and apart from the efficacy against ringw ...1979311734
experimental medication of equine ringworm due to trichophyton equinum var. autotrophicum.twelve medicaments were tested for their efficacy in the treatment of trichophyton equinum var. autotrophicum; povidone iodine, thiabendazole ointment, captan ointment and burroughs wellcome ringworm ointment gave satisfactory results but their usefulness may be limited for treatment of large numbers of horses. aqueous washes containing 0.5% hexetidine or 0.3% chloramine-t did not prevent fungi being isolated from lesions for up to 7 days after treatment. similarly neither etisazole nor thiabend ...19846497809
conversion of tryptophane to nicotinic acid by trichophyton equinum. 194915400826
nutritional requirements of keratinophilic fungi and dermatophytes for conidial germination.germination of spores of chrysosporium crassitunicatum, nannizzia fulva (+), nannizzia fulva (-) and trichophyton equinum was studied in the presence of various carbon and nitrogen sources. effect of different temperatures on spore germination was also determined. maximum spore germination within 24 hours was recorded when glucose was used as a carbon source for all the test fungi. except sodium nitrate all the inorganic nitrogen sources enhanced the spore germination at 0.05% concentration. mos ...19826184619
[observation on human and animal hairs invaded by trichophyton equinum in vitro (author's transl)]. 1979574905
[enzootic diseases caused by trichophyton equinum in horses]. 19655891295
[differentiation of trichophyton mentagrophytes, trichophyton quinckeanum and trichophyton equinum by means of the nicotinic acid test]. 19705493709
in vitro antifungal drug susceptibilities of dermatophytes microconidia and arthroconidia.arthroconidia have been considered as the primary cause of infection by dermatophytes. however, the in vitro antifungal testing evaluates the responses mainly of microconidia or hyphae, and dermatophytes in vivo often produce arthroconidia, a cellular structure presumably more resistant to antifungals. the aim of this study was to compare the in vitro susceptibility of microconidia and arthroconidia of trichophyton rubrum, trichophyton tonsurans and trichophyton equinum to griseofulvin, itracona ...200818552341
an epizootic in horses in the netherlands caused by trichophyton equinum var. equinum. 19734749612
experimental immunity to microsporum canis and cross reactions with other dermatophytes of veterinary importance.an inactivated, broad-spectrum dermatophyte vaccine was used to produce an active immunity in guinea-pigs against microsporum canis. none of the vaccinates developed infection from a contact exposure challenge that produced clinical infections in 70% of the unvaccinated controls. infection with m. canis induced antibody titres (elisa) and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (dch) reactions to itself as well as cross-reacting titres to trichophyton equinum and t. mentagrophytes and dch reactions t ...19957658308
human trichophyton equinum infection treated with terbinafine.a case of tinea capitis caused by trichophyton equinum is described. this responded to a 6-week course of treatment with the allyl amine antifungal agent, terbinafine.19947955486
human dermatophytosis caused by trichophyton equinum.a case of dermatophytosis caused by trichophyton equinum is reported. a 25-year-old man employed at a breeding center of a horse racing course was infected on the left arm in august, 1981. the lesion had a vesicle or a small pustule accompanied by severe itching. the fungal elements of the scale were identified by microscopic observation. griseofulvin administration was found to be very effective for treating this infection. in a mycological examination, t. equinum was isolated mainly on cyclohe ...19854000242
trichophyton equinum from riding bareback: first reported u.s. case. 19948176020
diagnostic results in animal dermatophytoses.superficial mycoses caused by dermatophytes, as well as asymptomatic carriership of dermatophytes, have a high prevalence among domestic animals and pets. we examined 606 clinical specimens from skin lesions of animals with a significant tendency towards superficial mycosis due to their clinical features. samples were obtained from horses, dogs, cats, small rodents, birds, and rabbits. the specimens were examined by microscopic and cultural techniques. microscopically, there was no significant d ...19968976618
mutants of trichophyton equinum. 19882977474
epidemiological aspects of dermatophyte infections in horses and cattle.ringworm infections in the principal domestic animals are a major public and veterinary health problem. the aetiology, epidemiology and symptomatology of these mycoses are quite heterogeneous and complex. in this context, the aa carried out an epidemiological study to investigate the prevalence of dermatophytes in two different animal species, horses (n = 200) belonging to 10 private stables and cattle (n = 1900) belonging to farms with different breeding purposes and management. with regard to ...19989640100
[tinea caused by trichophyton equinum].we report on the first human infection with trichophyton equinum in germany, which was transmitted from an infected pony to a 12-year old girl. trichophyton equinum was identified by its morphology, dependency on nicotinic acid, hair perforation, and enzyme production. a noteworthy new observation was the development of white pleomorphic tufts on the surface of thalli grown on potatoe-dextrose agar. the girl's tinea was non-inflammatory and responded promptly to topical treatment, whereas the po ...19989642562
human onychomycosis caused by trichophyton equinum transmitted from a racehorse.we report fingernail onychomycosis caused by trichophyton equinum in a farmer who breeds racehorses. in addition to the thumbnail, t. equinum had infected one of the racehorses. oral terbinafine cured the infection in the farmer.19989747381
[dermatophytes from animals].dermatophytes from animal dermatophytoses were investigated, especially for their teleomorphs and molecular characteristics. microsporum canis, m. equinum, m. gypseum, m. nanum, trichophyton equinum, t. mentagrophytes complex, t. rubrum and t. verrucosum were isolated as the etiological agents of animal ringworm in japan. they were morphologically and biochemically identified and their perfect states were examined. the teleomorph of m. canis was first obtained and reported as nanizzia otae in 19 ...200010660635
chitin synthase 1 (chs1) gene sequences of microsporum equinum and trichophyton equinum.chitin synthase 1 (chs1) genes from microsporum equinum and trichophyton equinum were compared with those of the other dermatophytes. the chs1 nucleotide sequences of these dermatophytes from horses showed more than 80% similarity to those of arthroderma benhamiae, a. fulvum, a. grubyi, a. gypseum, a. incruvatum, a. otae, a. simii, a. vanbreuseghemii, epidermophyton floccosum, t. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale (t. interdigitale), t. rubrum and t. violaceum. especially high degree of nucleotid ...200111118744
evaluation of the dermatophyte test medium rapidvet-d.the performance of the dermatophyte test medium (dtm) rapidvet-d was assessed using hair samples collected from experimentally infected guinea pigs. three dermatophyte species were included in the study: microsporum canis, trichophyton mentagrophytes and trichophyton equinum. dtm substrates were inoculated with infected hairs and scales, incubated at 18, 21, 24, 27 or 37 degrees c and examined daily for 15 days. the rapidity of colour change was clearly related to the incubation temperature and ...200111420927
terbinafine treatment of trichophyton equinum infection in a child.a case of tinea faciae caused by trichophyton equinum affecting a 5-year-old boy is described. the boy had ridden a pony a month earlier and responded to a 6-week course of treatment with oral and topical terbinafine.200111422175
trichophyton equinum; a re-evaluation of its taxonomic status. 195713475942
trichophyton equinum var. autotrophicum; its characteristics and geographical distribution. 19685749854
human infections due to trichophyton equinum var. autotrophicum in victoria. 19846466240
the curious adventures of trichophyton equinum in the realm of molecular biology: a modern fairy tale.sequence analysis of the highly variable internal transcribed spacer (its) regions 1 and 2 of the ribosomal dna (rdna) of the nuclear dna has been used to explore the phylogeny of the dermatophytes. results have led some investigators to recommend that a number of dermatophyte species be reduced to synonymy with other established species. one such recommendation is that both varieties of the zoophilic dermatophyte trichophyton equinum be reduced to synonymy with the anthropophilic species t. ton ...200415552641
closely related dermatophyte species produce different patterns of secreted proteins.dermatophytes are the most common infectious agents responsible for superficial mycosis in humans and animals. various species in this group of fungi show overlapping characteristics. we investigated the possibility that closely related dermatophyte species with different behaviours secrete distinct proteins when grown in the same culture medium. protein patterns from culture filtrates of several strains of the same species were very similar. in contrast, secreted protein profiles from various s ...200717156126
its barcodes for trichophyton tonsurans and t. equinum.early molecular biosystematic studies of dermatophytes created considerable confusion about the taxonomic status of the horse-associated trichophyton equinum vis-à-vis the anthropophilic t. tonsurans. though this matter has recently been clarified, routine identification of these species based on the commonly used ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (its) sequence has been impractical. this is because, in the available sequences attributed to the species in genbank, a clear species-level disti ...200717464840
dermatophytoses in animals.dermatophytoses are one of the most frequent skin diseases of pets and livestock. contagiousness among animal communities, high cost of treatment, difficulty of control measures, and the public health consequences of animal ringworm explain their great importance. a wide variety of dermatophytes have been isolated from animals, but a few zoophilic species are responsible for the majority of the cases, viz. microsporum canis, trichophyton mentagrophytes, trichophyton equinum and trichophyton verr ...200818478363
tinea capitis caused by trichophyton equinum. 200919326019
antifungal activity of tea tree oil from melaleuca alternifolia against trichophyton equinum: an in vivo assay.dermatophytes are a group of keratinophilic and keratinolytic molds, some of which are responsible for ringworm. among them trichophyton equinum, which mostly infects equids, can cause extensive outbreaks in stud farms. the conventional treatment of equine trichophytosis is topic, based upon medicated shampoos to reduce the spread of infection among the animals. nevertheless the popularity of phytotherapy is at an all-time peak, and the interest for natural alternatives or complements to convent ...200919403294
organization and evolutionary trajectory of the mating type (mat) locus in dermatophyte and dimorphic fungal pathogens.sexual reproduction in fungi is governed by a specialized genomic region, the mating type (mat) locus, whose gene identity, organization, and complexity are diverse. we identified the mat locus of five dermatophyte fungal pathogens (microsporum gypseum, microsporum canis, trichophyton equinum, trichophyton rubrum, and trichophyton tonsurans) and a dimorphic fungus, paracoccidioides brasiliensis, and performed phylogenetic analyses. the identified mat locus idiomorphs of m. gypseum control cell t ...201019880755
comparative analysis of secreted enzymes between the anthropophilic-zoophilic sister species trichophyton tonsurans and trichophyton equinum.trichophyton tonsurans (tt) and trichophyton equinum (te) are two closely related dermatophytes with very different host preferences. this study was designed to examine the genetic and transcript level variations of secreted enzymes between tt and te. thirty-one genes representing 10 gene families were selected for comparison and complete genomic and cdna sequences were elucidated. sequence analyses of the selected genes identified 104 polymorphisms between the two dermatophytes, 37 of which are ...201020943153
toward a novel multilocus phylogenetic taxonomy for the dermatophytes.type and reference strains of members of the onygenalean family arthrodermataceae have been sequenced for rdna its and partial lsu, the ribosomal 60s protein, and fragments of β-tubulin and translation elongation factor 3. the resulting phylogenetic trees showed a large degree of correspondence, and topologies matched those of earlier published phylogenies demonstrating that the phylogenetic representation of dermatophytes and dermatophyte-like fungi has reached an acceptable level of stability. ...201727783317
[trichophyton equinum--morphological and biochemical studies]. 19675630145
[rare incidence of infection in man caused by trichophyton equinum (matruchot et dassonville 1898, gedoelst 1902)]. 196514318543
a human case of trichophyton equinum infection. 196313932749
[the 1st epizootic of trichophytosis among horses in slovakia, caused by trichophyton equinum]. 196414192996
dermatophytes activate skin keratinocytes via mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and induce immune responses.dermatophytes cause superficial and cutaneous fungal infections in immunocompetent hosts and invasive disease in immunocompromised hosts. however, the host mechanisms that regulate innate immune responses against these fungi are largely unknown. here, we utilized commercially available epidermal tissues and primary keratinocytes to assess (i) damage induction by anthropophilic, geophilic, and zoophilic dermatophyte strains and (ii) the keratinocyte signaling pathways, transcription factors, and ...201525667269
[isolation of trichophyton equinum (matruchot and dassonville geodelst 1902 from human lesions in mexico)]. 196414259741
[2 findings of trichophyton equinum (matruchot et dassonville) gedoelst 1902 in human lesions]. 196414193775
comparative genome analysis of trichophyton rubrum and related dermatophytes reveals candidate genes involved in infection.the major cause of athlete's foot is trichophyton rubrum, a dermatophyte or fungal pathogen of human skin. to facilitate molecular analyses of the dermatophytes, we sequenced t. rubrum and four related species, trichophyton tonsurans, trichophyton equinum, microsporum canis, and microsporum gypseum. these species differ in host range, mating, and disease progression. the dermatophyte genomes are highly colinear yet contain gene family expansions not found in other human-associated fungi. dermato ...201222951933
discrimination of trichophyton tonsurans and trichophyton equinum by pcr-rflp and by β-tubulin and translation elongation factor 1-α sequencing.trichophyton tonsurans and t. equinum are two closely related sister species of dermatophytes, but differ in their preferred hosts, i.e., humans or horses, respectively. routine procedures for their identification depend on studies of their phenotypic, physiological and biochemical characteristics, which are laborious and may yield ambiguous results. molecular methods using rdna its also had been judged to be insufficiently discriminatory. in the present study two genetic markers were sequenced ...201222369622
dermatophytosis in farmed mink (mustela vison) caused by trichophyton equinum.this report details 2 outbreaks of dermatophytosis in 2 different mink ranches. on the first farm, only kits were affected, while on the second farm, small numbers of adults were infected. affected mink were otherwise clinically healthy and in good body condition. three animals were euthanized and submitted for autopsy. grossly, mink exhibited locally extensive to coalescing areas of crusting alopecia but no other significant gross lesions in internal organs. microscopically, skin lesions were c ...201526223793
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