| a cocktail polymerase chain reaction assay to identify members of the anopheles funestus (diptera: culicidae) group. | anopheles funestus giles is a major malaria vector in africa belonging to a group of species with morphologically similar characteristics. morphological identification of members of the a. funestus group is difficult because of overlap of distinguishing characteristics in adult or immature stages as well as the necessity to rear isofemale lines to examine larval and egg characters. a rapid rdna polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method has been developed to accurately identify five members of the a ... | 2002 | 12224596 |
| indoor collections of the anopheles funestus group (diptera: culicidae) in sprayed houses in northern kwazulu-natal, south africa. | insecticide resistance in malaria vector mosquitoes presents a serious problem for those involved in control of this disease. south africa experienced a severe malaria epidemic during 1999/2000 due to pyrethroid resistance in the major vector anopheles funestus. subsequent monitoring and surveillance of mosquito populations were conducted as part of the malaria vector control programme. | 2007 | 17359529 |
| development of multiplex real-time pcr assays for identification of members of the anopheles funestus species group. | the malaria vector and non-vector species of the anopheles funestus group are morphologically very similar and accurate identification is required as part of effective control strategies. in the past, this has relied on morphological and cytogenetic methods but these have been largely superseded by a robust allele-specific pcr (as-pcr). one disadvantage of as-pcr is the requirement for post-pcr processing by gel electrophoresis of pcr products. in this study, three new high-throughput 'closed-tu ... | 2009 | 20003184 |
| distribution of the main malaria vectors in kenya. | a detailed knowledge of the distribution of the main anopheles malaria vectors in kenya should guide national vector control strategies. however, contemporary spatial distributions of the locally dominant anopheles vectors including anopheles gambiae, anopheles arabiensis, anopheles merus, anopheles funestus, anopheles pharoensis and anopheles nili are lacking. the methods and approaches used to assemble contemporary available data on the present distribution of the dominant malaria vectors in k ... | 2010 | 20202199 |
| simultaneous identification of the anopheles funestus group and anopheles longipalpis type c by pcr-rflp. | anopheles longipalpis is morphologically similar to the major african malaria vector anopheles funestus at the adult stage although it is very different at the larval stage. despite the development of the species-specific multiplex pcr assay for the an. funestus group, the genomic dna of anopheles longipalpis type c specimens can be amplified with the anopheles vaneedeni and anopheles parensis primers from this assay. the standard, species-specific an. funestus group pcr, results in the amplific ... | 2010 | 21054905 |
| transmission indices and microfilariae prevalence in human population prior to mass drug administration with ivermectin and albendazole in the gomoa district of ghana. | the lymphatic filariasis elimination programme in ghana involves annual mass drug administration (mda) of ivermectin and albendazole to persons living in endemic areas. this is repeated annually for 4-6 years to span across the reproductive lifespan of adult worms. in order to stimulate participation of community members in the mda programme, this study was carried out to understand local views on transmission, management and prevention of the disease. the study also presents baseline transmissi ... | 2015 | 26503363 |
| the vector population monitoring tool (vpmt): high-throughput dna-based diagnostics for the monitoring of mosquito vector populations. | regular monitoring of mosquito vector populations is an integral component of most vector control programmes. contemporary data on mosquito species composition, infection status, and resistance to insecticides are a prerequisite for effective intervention. for this purpose we, with funding from the innovative vector control consortium (ivcc), have developed a suite of high-throughput assays based on a single "closed-tube" platform that collectively comprise the "vector population monitoring tool ... | 2010 | 22347668 |
| phylogeny of anopheline (diptera: culicidae) species in southern africa, based on nuclear and mitochondrial genes. | a phylogeny of anthropophilic and zoophilic anopheline mosquito species was constructed, using the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit i (coi) genes. the its2 alignment, typically difficult due to its noncoding nature and large size variations, was aided by using predicted secondary structure, making this phylogenetically useful gene more amenable to investigation. this phylogeny is unique in explicitly including zoophilic, non-vector anophel ... | 0 | 26047180 |
| biting by anopheles funestus in broad daylight after use of long-lasting insecticidal nets: a new challenge to malaria elimination. | malaria control is mainly based on indoor residual spraying and insecticide-treated bed nets. the efficacy of these tools depends on the behaviour of mosquitoes, which varies by species. with resistance to insecticides, mosquitoes adapt their behaviour to ensure their survival and reproduction. the aim of this study was to assess the biting behaviour of anopheles funestus after the implementation of long-lasting insecticidal nets (llins). | 2014 | 24678587 |
| a cohort study of the effectiveness of insecticide-treated bed nets to prevent malaria in an area of moderate pyrethroid resistance, malawi. | insecticide-treated bed nets (itns) are the cornerstone of malaria control in sub-saharan africa but their effectiveness may be compromised by the spread of pyrethroid resistance among malaria vectors. the objective of this investigation was to assess the effectiveness of itns to prevent malaria in an area of malawi with moderate pyrethroid resistance. | 2015 | 25627987 |
| sibling species of the anopheles funestus group, and their infection with malaria and lymphatic filarial parasites, in archived and newly collected specimens from northeastern tanzania. | studies on the east african coast have shown a recent dramatic decline in malaria vector density and change in composition of sibling species of the anopheles gambiae complex, paralleled by a major decline in malaria incidence. in order to better understand the ongoing changes in vector-parasite dynamics in the area, and to allow for appropriate adjustment of control activities, the present study examined the composition, and malaria and lymphatic filarial infection, of sibling species of the an ... | 2015 | 25885457 |
| implications of low-density microfilariae carriers in anopheles transmission areas: molecular forms of anopheles gambiae and anopheles funestus populations in perspective. | previous studies have shown a general reduction in annual transmission potential (atp) of anopheles species after mass drug administration (mda) in lymphatic filariasis endemic communities. whereas results obtained from a monitoring programme after three years of mda revealed a decrease in atp of anopheles funestus this was not the same for an. gambiae s.s. in ghana. in this study, the ability of these vectors in transmitting wuchereria bancrofti in nine lymphatic filariasis endemic communities ... | 2014 | 24690378 |
| cryptic species within anopheles longipalpis from southern africa and phylogenetic comparison with members of the an. funestus group. | house-resting anopheles mosquitoes are targeted for vector control interventions; however, without proper species identification, the importance of these anopheles to malaria transmission is unknown. anopheles longipalpis, a non-vector species, has been found in significant numbers resting indoors in houses in southern zambia, potentially impacting on the utilization of scarce resources for vector control. the identification of an. longipalpis is currently based on classical morphology using min ... | 2008 | 18715522 |
| insights into malaria transmission among anopheles funestus mosquitoes, kenya. | most malaria vectors belong to species complexes. sibling species often exhibit divergent behaviors dictating the measures that can be deployed effectively in their control. despite the importance of the anopheles funestus complex in malaria transmission in sub-saharan africa, sibling species have rarely been identified in the past and their vectoring potential remains understudied. | 2018 | 30400976 |
| anopheles parensis contributes to residual malaria transmission in south africa. | understanding the contribution of outdoor-resting anopheles mosquitoes to residual malaria transmission is important in terms of scaling up vector control towards malaria elimination in south africa. the aim of this project was to assess the potential role of anopheles parensis and other anopheles species in residual malaria transmission, using sentinel surveillance sites in the umkhanyakude district of northern kwazulu-natal province. | 2019 | 31358015 |
| detection of anopheles rivulorum-like, a member of the anopheles funestus group, in south africa. | the anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) and anopheles funestus s.l. species complexes contain the most important malaria vectors in africa. within the an. funestus group of at least 11 african species, the vector status of all but the nominal species an. funestus appears poorly investigated, although evidence exists that anopheles rivulorum and anopheles vaneedeni may play minor roles. a new species, an. rivulorum-like, was described from burkina faso in 2000 and subsequently also found in camer ... | 2018 | 29764433 |