| phylogenetic reconstruction of south american felids defined by protein electrophoresis. | phylogenetic associations among six closely related south american felid species were defined by changes in protein-encoding gene loci. we analyzed proteins isolated from skin fibroblasts using two-dimensional electrophoresis and allozymes extracted from blood cells. genotypes were determined for multiple individuals of ocelot, margay, tigrina, geoffroy's cat, kodkod, and pampas cat at 548 loci resolved by two-dimensional electrophoresis and 44 allozyme loci. phenograms were constructed using th ... | 1994 | 7932791 |
| molecular phylogeny of mitochondrial cytochrome b and 12s rrna sequences in the felidae: ocelot and domestic cat lineages. | molecular phylogeny of the cat family felidae is derived using two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome b and 12s rrna. phylogenetic methods of weighted maximum parsimony and minimum evolution estimated by neighbor-joining are employed to reconstruct topologies among 20 extant felid species. sequence analyses of 363 bp of cytochrome b and 376 bp of the 12s rrna genes yielded average pair-wise similarity values between felids ranging from 94 to 99% and from 85 to 99%, respectively. phylogenetic recons ... | 1996 | 8975691 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus infection in free-ranging guignas (leopardus guigna) and sympatric domestic cats in human perturbed landscapes on chiloé island, chile. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline leukemia virus (felv) are two of the most common viruses affecting domestic cats (felis catus). during the last two decades, reports show that both viruses also infect or affect other species of the family felidae. human landscape perturbation is one of the main causes of emerging diseases in wild animals, facilitating contact and transmission of pathogens between domestic and wild animals. we investigated fiv and felv infection in free-ranging guig ... | 2015 | 25380363 |
| fleas and ticks in carnivores from a domestic-wildlife interface: implications for public health and wildlife. | fleas and ticks are parasites of wild and domestic mammals, and can be vectors of several pathogens. in rural areas, domestic carnivores such as the domestic dog (canis lupus familiaris l.), may act as a "bridge" between natural areas and human settlements where ectoparasites can be used as a metric of such link. the aim of this study was to identify fleas, ticks, and rickettsia spp., collected from domestic and wild carnivores in a natural reserve and surrounding human settlements in central ch ... | 2016 | 27539151 |
| providing habitat for native mammals through understory enhancement in forestry plantations. | the convention on biological diversity (cbd) expects forestry plantations to contribute to biodiversity conservation. a well-developed understory in forestry plantations might serve as a surrogate habitat for native species and mitigate the negative effect of plantations on species richness. we experimentally tested this hypothesis by removing the understory in monterey pine (pinus radiata) plantations in central chile and assessing changes in species richness and abundance of medium-sized mamma ... | 2013 | 24033701 |
| cell cycle synchronization and analysis of apoptosis-related gene in skin fibroblasts from domestic cat (felis silvestris catus) and kodkod (leopardus guigna). | the kodkod population is in constant decrease and the somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt) might help to preserve the genetic pool of this species. the cell cycle synchronization of donor cells plays a crucial role in scnt. the objective of this research was to evaluate two different methods for quiescence induction, serum starvation (ss) and contact inhibition (ci), both for 1, 3 and 5 days, on skin fibroblast from domestic cat and kodkod. flow cytometry analysis revealed that in domestic cat, ... | 2017 | 28544240 |
| recurrent evolution of melanism in south american felids. | morphological variation in natural populations is a genomic test bed for studying the interface between molecular evolution and population genetics, but some of the most interesting questions involve non-model organisms that lack well annotated reference genomes. many felid species exhibit polymorphism for melanism but the relative roles played by genetic drift, natural selection, and interspecies hybridization remain uncertain. we identify mutations of agouti signaling protein (asip) or the mel ... | 2015 | 25695801 |
| diurnal human activity and introduced species affect occurrence of carnivores in a human-dominated landscape. | diurnal human activity and domestic dogs in agro-forestry mosaics should theoretically modify the diurnal habitat use patterns of native carnivores, with these effects being scale-dependent. we combined intensive camera trapping data with bayesian occurrence probability models to evaluate both diurnal and nocturnal patterns of space use by carnivores in a mosaic of land-use types in southern chile. a total of eight carnivores species were recorded, including human-introduced dogs. during the day ... | 2015 | 26368395 |
| reduced genetic diversity and increased dispersal in guigna (leopardus guigna) in chilean fragmented landscapes. | landscape fragmentation is often a major cause of species extinction as it can affect a wide variety of ecological processes. the impact of fragmentation varies among species depending on many factors, including their life-history traits and dispersal abilities. felids are one of the groups most threatened by fragmented landscapes because of their large home ranges, territorial behavior, and low population densities. here, we model the impacts of habitat fragmentation on patterns of genetic dive ... | 2015 | 26245787 |
| values, animal symbolism, and human-animal relationships associated to two threatened felids in mapuche and chilean local narratives. | the chilean temperate rainforest has been subjected to dramatic fragmentation for agriculture and forestry exploitation. carnivore species are particularly affected by fragmentation and the resulting resource use conflicts with humans. this study aimed at understanding values and human-animal relationships with negatively perceived threatened carnivores through the disclosure of local stories and mapuche traditional folktales. | 2013 | 23764186 |
| characterization of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue of a cougar (puma concolor). | adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (amscs) have been isolated from domestic and wild cats. for wild cats, the isolation of amscs has been reported in the black-footed cats (felis nigripes) and guigna (leopardus guigna). stromal vascular fraction (svf) isolated from cougar adipose tissue have been used to restore elbow functionality in the cougar (puma concolor) but multipotent characteristics of these cells have not been described. the present study describes for the first time the isolation ... | 2020 | 32714450 |
| assessing cross-species transmission of hemoplasmas at the wild-domestic felid interface in chile using genetic and landscape variables analysis. | the co-occurrence of domestic cats (felis silvestris catus) and wild felids in rural landscapes can facilitate pathogen transmission. however, in the relatively-isolated regions of southern south america there have been no comprehensive studies to assess disease transmission risks between domestic cats and forest-dwelling wild felids such as guigna (leopardus guigna). we evaluated hemoplasma infection and the possibility of transmission between domestic cats and guignas by comparing spatial and ... | 2019 | 31727935 |
| toxoplasma gondii infection in wild mustelids and cats across an urban-rural gradient. | the increase in human population and domestic pets, such as cats, are generating important consequences in terms of habitat loss and pathogen pollution of coastal ecosystems with potential to generate negative impacts in marine biodiversity. toxoplasma gondii is the etiological agent of zoonotic disease toxoplasmosis, and is associated with cat abundance and anthropogenic disturbance. the presence of t. gondii oocysts in the ocean has negatively affected the health status of the threatened south ... | 2018 | 29924844 |
| embryo aggregation allows the production of kodkod (leopardus guigna) blastocysts after interspecific scnt. | the kodkod (leopardus guigna) is a small felid endemic of chile and is considered a vulnerable species. domestic cat oocytes have been successfully used as recipient cytoplast to reprogram somatic cells from different felids by interspecific somatic cell nuclear transfer (iscnt). the developmental competence of felid embryos generated by iscnt can be improved by the aggregation method using a zona-free culture system. the objective of this research was to evaluate the developmental competence of ... | 2020 | 32961350 |
| gastrointestinal and cardiorespiratory endoparasites in the wild felid guigna (leopardus guigna) in chile: richness increases with latitude and first records for the host species. | guignas (leopardus guigna) are small felids closely associated with native forest habitats. in fragmented landscapes, they use vegetation corridors and forest remnants to move across the landscape. in these contexts, guignas may increase contact probabilities with domestic animals, being therefore relevant to assess their pathogens and parasites. the aim of this study was to characterize the helminth fauna in the gastrointestinal tract and cardiorespiratory system of guignas from central and sou ... | 2020 | 32793412 |
| urban wildlife in times of covid-19: what can we infer from novel carnivore records in urban areas? | the onset of the covid-19 pandemic brought an unusual decrease in human activity associated with partial and total lockdowns. simultaneously, a series of wildlife sightings-mainly in urban areas-have been brought to public attention and often attributed to lockdown measures. here we report on a series of wild carnivore records, including threatened species, obtained through camera traps set in urban forests, campuses, suburbs, and peri-urban areas of two cities in chile, during partial lockdown ... | 2020 | 33077221 |
| domestic dog origin of carnivore protoparvovirus 1 infection in a rescued free-ranging guiña (leopardus guigna) in chile. | carnivore protoparvovirus 1 is one of the most important pathogens affecting both wild and domestic carnivores. here, we reported the genetic characterization of canine parvovirus (cpv-2) strains from a rescued guiña (leopardus guigna) and domestic dogs from chile. guiña strain was classified as cpv-2c, and phylogenetic analysis of the complete coding genome showed that the guiña cpv-2c strain shares a recent common ancestor with chilean domestic dogs' strains. these viruses showed >99% identity ... | 2020 | 32815299 |
| antibiotic resistance genes as landscape anthropization indicators: using a wild felid as sentinel in chile. | antimicrobial resistance is a global emerging public health issue whose presence and impact in wildlife are widely unknown. antimicrobial resistance genes (args) are considered environmental contaminants, suitable to evaluate the degree of anthropic impact on wildlife and the environment. we used a wild felid, the guigna (leopardus guigna), as a sentinel for the presence of args in anthropized and pristine areas across their entire distribution range in chile. we evaluated fecal samples from 51 ... | 2020 | 31757538 |
| a spatially integrated framework for assessing socioecological drivers of carnivore decline. | habitat loss, fragmentation and degradation are key threats to the long-term persistence of carnivores, which are also susceptible to direct persecution by people. integrating natural and social science methods to examine how habitat configuration/quality and human-predator relations may interact in space and time to effect carnivore populations within human-dominated landscapes will help prioritise conservation investment and action effectively.we propose a socioecological modelling framework t ... | 2018 | 29780172 |
| identification of novel feline paramyxoviruses in guignas (leopardus guigna) from chile. | the family of paramyxoviruses has received growing attention as several new species have been identified recently, notably two different clusters in domestic cats, designated as feline morbillivirus (femv) and feline paramyxovirus (fpav). their phylogenetic origin and whether wild felids also harbor these viruses are currently unknown. kidney samples from 35 guignas (leopardus guigna), a wild felid from chile, were investigated for paramyxoviruses using consensus-rt-pcr. in addition, thirteen se ... | 2020 | 33291219 |
| epidemiology and molecular characterization of carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection in the wild felid leopardus guigna in chile. | landscape anthropization has been identified as one of the main drivers of pathogen emergence worldwide, facilitating pathogen spillover between domestic species and wildlife. the present study investigated carnivore protoparvovirus-1 infection using molecular methods in 98 free-ranging wild guignas (leopardus guigna) and 262 co-occurring owned, free-roaming rural domestic cats. we also assessed landscape anthropization variables as potential drivers of infection. protoparvovirus dna was detecte ... | 2020 | 33238057 |
| cross-species transmission of retroviruses among domestic and wild felids in human-occupied landscapes in chile. | human transformation of natural habitats facilitates pathogen transmission between domestic and wild species. the guigna (leopardus guigna), a small felid found in chile, has experienced habitat loss and an increased probability of contact with domestic cats. here, we describe the interspecific transmission of feline leukemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) between domestic cats and guignas and assess its correlation with human landscape perturbation. blood and tissue sample ... | 2021 | 33897821 |