| genetic duplication in fusarium oxysporum. | genomic clones hybridizing to anonymous, single-copy sequences were used to probe chromosome-sized dnas of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense separated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. as expected, most clones hybridized to single chromosome bands. however, two of eight "single-copy" clones hybridized to two chromosomes in some, but not all, of 14 isolates examined. this observation suggests a degree of genetic duplication in the fungus and is consistent with recent electrophoretic karyotype ... | 1995 | 8590469 |
| multiple evolutionary origins of the fungus causing panama disease of banana: concordant evidence from nuclear and mitochondrial gene genealogies. | panama disease of banana, caused by the fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, is a serious constraint both to the commercial production of banana and cultivation for subsistence agriculture. previous work has indicated that f. oxysporum f. sp. cubense consists of several clonal lineages that may be genetically distant. in this study we tested whether lineages of the panama disease pathogen have a monophyletic origin by comparing dna sequences of nuclear and mitochondrial genes. dna sequences ... | 1998 | 9482835 |
| sensitivity of fusarium strains to chelidonium majus l. extracts. | ten fusarium strains were tested for their sensitivity to extracts of chelidonium majus l. growth inhibition was measured either in solid or in liquid media. aqueous extracts had considerable inhibitory action but methanolic extracts showed the best results. root extracts were more inhibitory than shoot extracts. on the basis of growth inhibition the fusarium strains were aggregated into five classes, the extremes being fusarium culmorum plus fusarium graminearum (quite resistant) and fusarium o ... | 1999 | 10433471 |
| steroid transformations with fusarium oxysporum var. cubense and colletotrichum musae. | the utility of two locally isolated fungi, pathogenic to banana, for steroid biotransformation has been studied. the deuteromycetes fusarium oxysporum var. cubense (imi 326069, uamh 9013) and colletotrichum musae (imi 374528, uamh 8929) had not been examined previously for this potential. in general, f. oxysporum var. cubense effected 7alpha hydroxylation on 3beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroids, 6beta, 12beta, and 15alpha hydroxylation on steroidal-4-ene-3-ones, side-chain degradation on 17alpha,21-dih ... | 1999 | 10576218 |
| antagonistic effects of streptomyces violaceusniger strain g10 on fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense race 4: indirect evidence for the role of antibiosis in the antagonistic process. | fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense is the causal pathogen of wilt disease of banana. a cost-effective measure of control for this disease is still not available. streptomyces violaceusniger strain g10 acts as an antifungal agent antagonistic towards many different phytopathogenic fungi, including different pathogenic races of the fusarium wilt pathogen. in an attempt to understand the mode of action of this antagonist in nature, the interaction between s. violaceusniger strain g10 and f. oxysporum ... | 2002 | 12032802 |
| soluble and wall-bound phenolics and phenolic polymers in musa acuminata roots exposed to elicitors from fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense. | the accumulation of soluble and wall-bound phenolics and phenolic polymers in musa acuminata roots exposed to cell wall-derived elicitor from the pathogen, fusarium oxysporum, f.sp. cubense, race four, was investigated. the root tissue from the banana cultivar "goldfinger" was found to respond strongly and rapidly towards the elicitor through the increased synthesis of phenolic compounds. following elicitation, the conjugated and non-conjugated phenolic metabolites in the induced root tissue wer ... | 2003 | 12842140 |
| effect of menadione sodium bisulfite, an inducer of plant defenses, on the dynamic of banana phytoalexin accumulation during pathogenesis. | using an authentic sample of 2-hydroxy-9-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-phenalen-1-one, a banana phenalenone-type phytoalexin, we studied its dynamic of accumulation during pathogenesis of banana plants (musa acuminata (aaa), grand nain) inoculated with fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (foc), race 4, the causal agent of panama disease. the results obtained demonstrate that banana plants treated prior inoculation with menadione sodium bisulfite (msb), an inducer of plant defenses, are capable of changing the ... | 2003 | 12926878 |
| localization of enzymes in the mycelium and microconidia of fusarium oxysporum. | maruyama, yoshiharu (cornell university, ithaca, n.y.) and martin alexander. localization of enzymes in the mycelium and microconidia of fusarium oxysporum. j. bacteriol. 84:307-312. 1962-extracts prepared from mycelium and microconidia of fusarium oxysporum f. cubense were fractionated into a soluble and four particulate fractions by differential centrifugation, and the distribution of several enzymes in the isolated cell constituents was examined. succinic dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase, an ... | 1962 | 14470662 |
| effect of auxins on the mycelial growth of fusarium oxysporum var. cubense. | | 1952 | 14941055 |
| improved technique for rapid and non-destructive in vitro differentiation between resistant and susceptible banana clones of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. | culture filtrates of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense were applied to field-grown banana leaves of susceptible and resistant clones. the difference in leaf lesions, measured after 48 h, varied from 13 to 51 mm2 depending on the composition of the growth medium. | 2004 | 15049365 |
| evaluation of streptomyces sp. strain g10 for suppression of fusarium wilt and rhizosphere colonization in pot-grown banana plantlets. | streptomyces sp. strain g10 exhibited strong antagonism towards fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (foc) races 1, 2 and 4 in plate assays by producing extracellular antifungal metabolites. treating the planting hole and roots of 4-week-old tissue-culture-derived 'novaria' banana plantlets with strain g10 suspension (10(8) cfu/ml), significantly (p < 0.05) reduced wilt severity when the plantlets were inoculated with 10(4) spores/ml foc race 4. the final disease severity index for leaf symptom (lsi ... | 2005 | 15650871 |
| isolation and characterization of endophytic streptomycete antagonists of fusarium wilt pathogen from surface-sterilized banana roots. | a total of 131 endophytic actinomycete strains were successfully isolated from surface-sterilized banana roots. these isolates belonged to streptomyces (n=99), streptoverticillium (n=28), and streptosporangium (n=2) spp. the remaining 2 isolates were not identified. about 18.3% of the isolates inhibited the growth of pathogenic fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense on banana tissue extract medium. the most frequently isolated streptomyces sp. strain s96 was similar to streptomyces griseorubiginosus. ... | 2005 | 15935565 |
| the application of high-throughput aflp's in assessing genetic diversity in fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. | fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (foc) is responsible for fusarium wilt of bananas. the pathogen consists of several variants that are divided into three races and 21 vegetative compatibility groups (vcgs). several dna-based techniques have previously been used to analyse the worldwide population of foc, sometimes yielding results that were not always consistent. in this study, the high-resolution genotyping method of aflp is introduced as a potentially effective molecular tool to investigate d ... | 2006 | 16483757 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel banana rhizosphere bacterium as fungal antagonist and microbial adjuvant in micropropagation of banana. | isolation and characterization of a bacterial isolate (strain fp10) from banana rhizosphere with innate potential as fungal antagonist and microbial adjuvant in micropropagation of banana. | 2006 | 16629993 |
| identification and characterization of non-pathogenic fusarium oxysporum capable of increasing and decreasing fusarium wilt severity. | fusarium wilt of banana is a potentially devastating disease throughout the world. options for control of the causal organism, fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (foc) are limited. suppressive soil sites have previously been identified where, despite the presence of foc, fusarium wilt does not develop. in order to understand some aspects of this disease suppression, endophytic fusarium oxysporum isolates were obtained from banana roots. these isolates were genetically characterized and compared wi ... | 2006 | 16891106 |
| cloning and expression of resistance gene analogs (rgas) from wild banana resistant to banana fusarium wilt. | wild banana species are essential natural gene pools for banana improvement. in this study, six rgas about 500 bp were obtained from leaves of musa acuminata, a wild banana shown to be resistant to banana fusarium wilt race 4, by pcr amplification with degenerate primers designed according to the conserved nbs motif and serine/threonine kinase domain of plant resistance (r) genes. among these rgas, the deduced amino acids of wnb1 and wnb2 contain nb-arc domain and wnb1 can be translated into pol ... | 2007 | 18349511 |
| response of endophytic bacterial communities in banana tissue culture plantlets to fusarium wilt pathogen infection. | endophytic bacteria reside within plant hosts without having pathogenic effects, and various endophytes have been found to functionally benefit plant disease suppressive ability. in this study, the influence of banana plant stress on the endophytic bacterial communities, which was achieved by infection with the wilt pathogen fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, was examined by cultivation-independent denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of 16s ribosomal dna directly amplified from plan ... | 2008 | 18497482 |
| fusarium wilt of banana is caused by several pathogens referred to as fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. | abstract fusarium wilt of banana (also known as panama disease) is caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. where susceptible cultivars are grown, management is limited to the use of pathogen-free planting stock and clean soils. resistant genotypes exist for some applications, but resistance is still needed in other situations. progress has been made with this recalcitrant crop by traditional and nontraditional improvement programs. the disease was first reported in australia in 1876, but di ... | 2006 | 18943184 |
| panama disease: cell wall reinforcement in banana roots in response to elicitors from fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race four. | abstract the biochemical basis of tolerance in banana to fusarium wilt, caused by the pathogen fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race four, was investigated. tissue culture banana plants from tolerant cv. goldfinger and susceptible cv. williams were maintained in a hydroponic system and inoculated with conidial suspensions to evaluate the degree of tolerance to susceptibility between the two clones and to investigate the effectiveness of this technique as a potential tool for early screening for ... | 2000 | 18944483 |
| genetic variation among vegetative compatibility groups of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense analyzed by dna fingerprinting. | abstract genetic variation within a worldwide collection of 208 isolates of fu-sarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, representing physiological races 1, 2, 3, and 4 and the 20 reported vegetative compatibility groups (vcgs), was analyzed using modified dna amplification fingerprinting. also characterized were 133 isolates that did not belong to any of the reported vcgs of f. oxysporum f. sp. cubense including race 3 isolates from a heliconia species and isolates from a symptomatic wild banana species ... | 1998 | 18944830 |
| fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense consists of a small number of divergent and globally distributed clonal lineages. | abstract a worldwide collection of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense was analyzed using anonymous, single-copy, restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) loci. several lines of evidence indicated that this pathogen has a clonal population structure. of the 165 isolates examined, only 72 rflp haplotypes were identified, and nearly half the isolates were represented by the five most common haplotypes. individuals with identical haplotypes were geographically dispersed, and clone-corrected te ... | 1997 | 18945062 |
| a novel antibiotic produced by streptomyces noursei da07210. | a novel antibiotic 210-a, named as (6s,8as,9s,11s,12ar)-6-hydroxy-9,10-dimethyldecahydrobenzo[d]azecine-2,4,12(3h)-trione, was isolated from the fermentation broth of streptomyces noursei da07210, its structure was unambiguously established by spectral analyses and chemical comparison with related cycloheximide. experiments demonstrated that 210-a bore strong activity against fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race four (foc race four), which also showed antitumor activity against smmc-7721 human ... | 2009 | 19340602 |
| evolutionary relationships among the fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense vegetative compatibility groups. | fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, the causal agent of fusarium wilt of banana (musa spp.), is one of the most destructive strains of the vascular wilt fungus f. oxysporum. genetic relatedness among and within vegetative compatibility groups (vcgs) of f. oxysporum f. sp. cubense was studied by sequencing two nuclear and two mitochondrial dna regions in a collection of 70 f. oxysporum isolates that include representatives of 20 vcgs of f. oxysporum f. sp. cubense, other formae speciales, and nonp ... | 2009 | 19482953 |
| characterization of a novel plantain asr gene, mpasr, that is regulated in response to infection of fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense and abiotic stresses. | asr (abscisic acid, stress, ripening induced) genes are typically upregulated by a wide range of factors, including drought, cold, salt, abscisic acid (aba) and injury; in addition to plant responses to developmental and environmental signals. we isolated an asr gene, mpasr, from a suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) cdna library of cold induced plantain (musa paradisiaca) leaves. mpasr expression was upregulated in fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense infected plantain leaves, peels and ro ... | 2010 | 20377692 |
| the need for culture collections to support plant pathogen diagnostic networks. | plant-pathogenic microorganisms, by virtue of their size, similarity in disease symptoms and closely related morphologies, are notoriously difficult to diagnose and detect. diagnosis gives proof as to the causal agent of disease and is important for developing appropriate control measures. detection shows the presence of a microorganism and is of importance for safeguarding national and international trade. live reference collections are required to characterize the taxonomy and function of micr ... | 2010 | 20457251 |
| tolerance in banana to fusarium wilt is associated with early up-regulation of cell wall-strengthening genes in the roots. | summary fusarium wilt, caused by the fungal pathogen fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (foc), is one of the most destructive diseases of bananas. in the tropics and subtropics, cavendish banana varieties are highly susceptible to foc race 4 (vcg 0120). cavendish selection gctcv-218 was shown to have significantly lower disease severity and incidence compared with susceptible cultivar williams in replicated greenhouse and field trials. suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) was previously ca ... | 2007 | 20507503 |
| identification and evaluation of two diagnostic markers linked to fusarium wilt resistance (race 4) in banana (musa spp.). | fusarium wilt caused by the fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (foc4) results in vascular tissue damage and ultimately death of banana (musa spp.) plants. somaclonal variants of in vitro micropropagated banana can hamper success in propagation of genotypes resistant to foc4. early identification of foc4 resistance in micropropagated banana plantlets is difficult, however. in this study, we identified sequence-characterized amplified region (scar) markers of banana associated with re ... | 2011 | 21547366 |
| hydroxylation of steroids by fusarium oxysporum, exophiala jeanselmei and ceratocystis paradoxa. | the potential of fusarium oxysporum var. cubense uamh 9013 to perform steroid biotransformations was reinvestigated using single phase and pulse feed conditions. the following natural steroids served as substrates: dehydroepiandrosterone (1), pregnenolone (2), testosterone (3), progesterone (4), cortisone (5), prednisone (6), estrone (7) and sarsasapogenin (8). the results showed the possible presence of c-7 and c-15 hydroxylase enzymes. this hypothesis was explored using three synthetic androst ... | 2011 | 21763336 |
| apoptosis-related genes confer resistance to fusarium wilt in transgenic 'lady finger' bananas. | fusarium wilt, caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (foc), is one of the most devastating diseases of banana (musa spp.). apart from resistant cultivars, there are no effective control measures for the disease. we investigated whether the transgenic expression of apoptosis-inhibition-related genes in banana could be used to confer disease resistance. embryogenic cell suspensions of the banana cultivar, 'lady finger', were stably transformed with animal genes that negatively regulate apopt ... | 2011 | 21819535 |
| genetic diversity of fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense isolates (foc) of india by inter simple sequence repeats (issr) analysis. | to find out the genetic diversity of indian foc isolates of banana, a total of 107 isolates of fusarium which includes 98 foc isolates obtained from different banana growing regions of india and seven foc isolates belong to all known vcgs obtained from australia and two non-pathogenic fusarium oxysporum (npfo) isolates were subjected to issr analysis. in the initial screening of issr primers, out of 34, 10 primers which generated more polymorphic bands were selected for further analysis. the phy ... | 2011 | 21983913 |
| Three new compounds from soil actinomycete Streptomyces albospinus 15-4-2. | Three new compounds, 2-methyl-2,5,6-bornantriol (1), 4,4'-(3-hydroxypropane-1,1-diyl)diphenol (2), and 7-(4-methoxybenzyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-oxazepine-5,6-diol (3), were isolated from the fermentation broth of the soil actinomycete Streptomyces albospinus 15-4-2. Their structures were completely elucidated using the combination of 1D, 2D NMR techniques (COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and ROESY), and HR-ESI-MS analysis. None of the compounds 1-3 showed any inhibitory effect on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cu ... | 2011 | 21972804 |
| isolation and characterization of an exopolygalacturonase from fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense race 1 and race 4. | fusarium wilt is an economically devastating disease that affects banana production. although cavendish banana cultivars are resistant to fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense race 1 (foc1) and maitain banana production after gros michel was destructed by race 1, a new race race 4 (foc4) was found to infect cavendish. | 2011 | 21920035 |