| effects of chemotherapeutics on bacterial ecology in the water of ponds and the intestinal tracts of cultured fish, ayu (plecoglossus altivelis). | drug-resistant gram-negative bacilli conferred with r factors were isolated with high frequencies from the intestinal tracts of ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) cultured in ponds, in which chemotherapeutics had often been used, and with relatively low frequencies from ayu which received no administration of chemotherapeutics. drug-resistant bacteria were also isolated at low frequencies from the intestinal tracts of wild ayu in rivers, as well as from the water of ayu-culturing ponds and some of the ... | 1975 | 1160204 |
| vibrio cholerae non-o1 isolated from ayu fish (plecoglossus altivelis) in japan. | a fish pathogen, vibrio cholerae non-o1, was isolated from diseased ayu fish (plecoglossus altivelis) collected from rivers in eight prefectural districts of japan. this organism was found to have biochemical characteristics similar to those of v. cholerae non-o1, except that our isolates were negative for ornithine decarboxylase. antiserum against an ayu isolate did not agglutinate with the majority of environmental v. cholerae non-o1 isolates, but a major o antigen was common among the ayu iso ... | 1992 | 1280062 |
| [antigenic localities in the tissues of metagonimus yokogawai in the period of growth]. | in order to observe the antigenic localization in the tissues of metagonimus yokogawai in growth stages, immunogoldlabeling method was applied to using serum of the cat which infected with isolated metacercariae from plecoglossus altivelis. the sectioned worm tissues from each growth stages were embedded in lowicryl hm 20 medium, stained with infected serum igg and protein a gold complex (particle size: 12 nm) and observed by electron microscopy. in the worm tissues of all experimental groups, t ... | 1992 | 1297422 |
| cortisol content of eggs and larvae of teleosts. | the whole-animal content of the cortisol was measured in embryos and larvae of tilapia (oreochromis mossambicus), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), ayu (plecoglossus altivelis), milkfish (chanos chanos), and yellowfin bream (acanthropagrus latus) by radioimmunoassay following the validation of an extraction method. the total cortisol content in tilapia was 50.3 +/- 19.1 pg immediately following fertilization, then decreased abruptly and maintained a lower level of 10-17 pg until larval hatchi ... | 1992 | 1601267 |
| [antigenic localities in the tissues of metagonimus yokogawai observed by immunogoldlabeling method]. | in order to determine the antigenic localization in the tissues of the adult metagonimus yokogawai, immunogoldlabeling method was applied using serum immunoglobulins(igg) of cats which were infected with isolated metacercariae from plecoglossus altivelis. the sectioned worm tissue was embedded in lowicryl hm 20 medium and stained with infected serum igg and protein a gold complex(particle size: 12 nm). it was observed by electron microscopy at each tissue of the worm. the gold particles were obs ... | 1991 | 1786251 |
| bacterial action of fertilization envelope extract from eggs of the fish cyprinus carpio and plecoglossus altivelis. | the vitelline envelope (ve) and fertilization envelope (fe) in eggs of the fish cyprinus carpio and plecoglossus altivelis were purified by homogenization of eggs or embryos in 5 mm tris-hcl buffer, ph 7.0, containing 2 mm ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt (edta), except for processing of ves in plecoglossus eggs, and by repeated washing wih the same buffer. to extract the outermost layer material, the purified ves and fes were processed overnight at 4 degrees c in 5 mm tris-hcl buf ... | 1989 | 2661718 |
| new tetracycline resistance determinant on r plasmids from vibrio anguillarum. | two classes of tetracycline resistance determinants on r plasmids were detected in vibrio anguillarum strains isolated from ayu (sweat fish; plecoglossus altivelis) farms in japan. tetracycline resistance genes categorized as class b were prevalent from 1973 to 1977; however, a new tetracycline resistance gene, which was not classified into tetracycline resistance determinant class a, b, c, or d, has been prevalent since 1981. | 1987 | 2823701 |
| comparative studies of the haemagglutination of adult and umbilical cord erythrocytes by animal lectins. | 1. the sugar specificities of four lactose-binding lectins were studied through the agglutination of adult and/or umbilical cord human erythrocytes (ahrbc and/or chrbc). 2. rana catesbeiana egg lectin specifically agglutinated both intact blood group a-ahrbc and intact blood group a-chrbc. 3. rana catesbeiana liver lectin agglutinated intact a-ahrbc much more strongly than intact a-chrbc. 4. xenopus laevis skin lectin nonspecifically agglutinated ahrbc and chrbc. 5. plecoglossus altivelis egg le ... | 1988 | 3265660 |
| environmental risk assessment of surfactants: fate and environmental effects in lake biwa basin. | environmental risk incurred with the use of synthetic surfactants is dealt with in this paper. the background and necessity of risk management related to surfactant usage in the lake biwa basin are introduced, as well as a research scheme that acknowledges risks in three sub-processes--consumption and discharge, fate in aquatic environment, and ecotoxicological response of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (las). the ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) has been selected as the significant biological target ... | 1988 | 3368585 |
| sodium-retaining activity of chum salmon prolactin in some euryhaline teleosts. | sodium-retaining activity of chum salmon prolactin (prl) was examined in several euryhaline teleosts. chum prl was 100 times more potent than ovine prl in maintaining plasma sodium levels in the hypophysectomized killifish, fundulus heteroclitus, transferred from 50% seawater to fresh water. the effects of prls were parabolic, high doses of the hormones being less effective than low doses. when injected into seawater-adapted fry of the ayu, plecoglossus altivelis, or into juvenile rainbow trout, ... | 1986 | 3781235 |
| urotensin ii-immunoreactive neurons in the caudal neurosecretory system of freshwater and seawater fish. | antiserum generated against synthetic urotensin ii of the goby, gillichthys mirabilis, was used to localize urotensin ii in the caudal neurosecretory system in six species of freshwater teleosts: cyprinus carpio, carassius auratus, oreochromis mossambicus, oreochromis niloticus, salmo gairdneri and plecoglossus altivelis, and six species of seawater teleosts: acanthogobius flavimanus, pagrus major, parapristipoma trilineatum, trachurus japonicus, seriola dumerili and seriola quinqueradiata. in t ... | 1985 | 3884162 |
| blood group b-specific lectin of plecoglossus altivelis (ayu fish) eggs. | a lectin that agglutinates human blood group b erythrocytes but not blood group a and o erythrocytes was isolated from eggs of ayu sweet fish (plecoglossus altivelis). the lectin also agglutinates ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells but not rat ascites hepatoma ah109 or rat sarcoma 150 cells tested. the lectin agglutination was most effectively inhibited by monosaccharides with the first type of configuration, i.e., l-rhamnose, l-mannose and l-lyxose at a concentration of 0.03 mm. the lectin aggluti ... | 1985 | 4040398 |
| studies on the endocrine glands of a salmonoid fish, the ayu, plecoglossus altivelis temminck et schlegel-ix. seasonal changes in the cells of the adenohypophysis, especially the prolactin producing cells. | | 1974 | 4857455 |
| metagonimiasis in korea. | of the intestinal trematode infections in korea, metagonimiasis is the most important under public health aspects. in a nationwide survey in 1981, at least 450,000 people (1.2%) were found infected. the endemic areas are scattered along rivers which run to the southern and eastern coast, where more than 20% of villagers are commonly infected. the snail hosts of metagonimus yokogawai are either semisulcospira spp. or koreanomelania spp. the fish hosts are sweetfish (plecoglossus altivelis) and ma ... | 1984 | 6542397 |
| drug resistance and r plasmids in vibrio anguillarum isolated in cultured ayu (plecoglossus altivelis). | two hundred twenty-six strains of vibrio anguillarum collected from cultured ayu ( plecoglossus altivelis ) between 1978 and 1980 were studied for their sensitivities to 10 chemotherapeutics. in order to determine whether the drug-resistant strains possessed transferable r plasmids, they were conjugated with escherichia coli. almost all the strains isolated during the 3 years showed resistance to nalidixic acid (na) and/or furazolidone (nf). na and nf resistance were not transferred to escherich ... | 1984 | 6727708 |
| tissue reaction to glugea plecoglossi infection in its natural host, plecoglussus altivelis. | the microsporidian glugea plecoglossi induces in its fish host plecoglossus altivelis a hypertrophic growth of the infected cells, resulting in formation of large xenomas. early thin-walled xenomas did not elicit any reaction of the surrounding tissue. later, however, coinciding with the mature xenoma being filled up with a growing mass of spores, proliferative inflammatory reaction sets in, changing gradually the xenoma into a granuloma. the granulation tissue grows into the spore mass. the spo ... | 1980 | 6774933 |
| mycotic gastritis of juvenile ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) caused by saprolegnia diclina type 1. | histopathological and mycological studies were made on mycotic gastritis in juvenile ayu, plecoglossus altivelis. the disease occurred 5 days after the transportation of fish from a hatchery pond to two rearing ponds of tochigi prefectural fisheries experiment station, tochigi, japan. the pyloric region of the stomach was red. numerous fungal hyphae penetrated into the stomach wall. seven fungal isolates were obtained from the lesions. three isolates were identified as saprolegnia diclina type 1 ... | 1993 | 8258859 |
| [intestinal flukes of genus metagonimus and their second intermediate hosts in kangwon-do]. | this study investigate the epidemiological feature of metagonimus infection in kangwon-do (province). the average infection rate of the surveyed inhabitants was 7.8% (83 positives out of 1, 067 examinees) by stool examination; male, 11.4% and female, 3.2%, respectively. the egg positive rate in residents in the som river area was 7.3%, that of the chuchon river area 6.3%, the pyongchang river area 12.8%, the tong river area 3.8%, the hongchon river area 9.8%, and the ohsip stream area of samchok ... | 1993 | 8297890 |
| effects of gamma-irradiation on the survival and development of metagonimus yokogawai metacercariae in rats. | to evaluate the feasibility of irradiation as a control measure for metagonimiasis, the metacercariae of metagonimus yokogawai were irradiated with gamma ray, either after isolation from the sweetfish (plecoglossus altivelis) or in situ of the fish, and their survival and development in rats were observed at 7 days post-infection. the radiation dose varied from 5 to 100 gy for the metacercaria-irradiation group and from 5 to 500 gy for fish-irradiation group. the results showed that the worm rec ... | 1995 | 8591007 |
| isolation and structures of glycoprotein-derived free oligosaccharides from the unfertilized eggs of scyliorhinus caniculus. characterization of the sequences galactose(alpha 1-4)galactose(beta 1-3)-n-acetylglucosamine and n-acetylneuraminic acid(alpha 2-6)galactose(beta 1-3)-n-acetylglucosamine. | as previously reported [ishii, k., iwasaki, m., inoue, s., kenny, p. t. m., komura, h. & inoue, y. (1989) j. biol. chem. 264, 1623-1630; inoue, s., iwasaki, m., ishii, k., kitajima, k. & inoue, y. (1989) j. biol. chem. 264, 18520-185261, the unfertilized eggs of two different species of fresh-water fish, plecoglossus altivelis and tribodolon hakonensis, contain relatively large amounts of free sialooligosaccharides. these oligosaccharides were found to derive from glycophosphoproteins, owing to ... | 1996 | 8631330 |
| classification and host specificity of metagonimus spp. from korean freshwater fish. | taxonomic problems of metagonimus spp. in korea were investigated. metacercariae of various freshwater fish species -- plecoglossus altivelis, carassius auratus, zacco platypus, zacco temmincki, opsariichthys bidens -- were collected from different localities in korea and experimentally fed to golden hamsters. observation of recovered adult worms showed that plecoglossus altivelis was infected with metacercariae of both m. yokogawai and m. takahashii. c. auratus was infected with metacercariae o ... | 1996 | 8820736 |
| disease problems of salmonid fish in japan caused by international trade. | the author details the connection between disease outbreaks in salmonid fish and imports of salmonid eggs into japan since the 1950s. the following diseases and species are involved: -infectious pancreatic necrosis in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) -infectious haematopoietic necrosis in sockeye ( of 'kokanee') salmon (o. nerka) and masu salmon (o. masu) -cold water disease, erythrocyte inclusion body syndrome, and bacterial kidney disease (caused by renibacterium salmoninarum) in coho salmo ... | 1996 | 8890379 |
| production of amylase by the intestinal microflora in cultured freshwater fish. | the amylase-producing ability of the intestinal microflora in cultured specimens of ayu, carp, channel catfish, japanese eel and tilapia was determined. mean viable counts of aerobes and anaerobes ranged from 1.1 x 10(6) to 3.7 x 10(8) cfu g-1 and from 1.3 x 10(3) to 1.6 x 10(8) cfu g-1, respectively. aeromonas spp. and bacteroidaceae were predominant in four to five fish species. of 206 strains examined, 65 (31.6%) produced > or = 0.01 u amylase ml-1. the percentage of producers differed among ... | 1997 | 9081303 |
| metagonimus miyatai sp. nov. (digenea: heterophyidae), a new intestinal trematode transmitted by freshwater fishes in japan and korea. | metagonimus miyatai n. sp. (digenea: heterophyidae) is described based on adult flukes collected from experimental dogs and hamsters fed with metacercariae encysted in the sweetfish, plecoglossus altivelis, dace, tribolodon hakonensis and t. taczanowskii, common fat-minnow, morocco steindachneri, pale chub, zacco platypus, and dark chub, zacco temmincki, and on those collected from naturally infected humans. the new species was morphologically compared with m. yokogawai and m. takahashii obtaine ... | 1997 | 9446902 |
| expression patterns of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the small intestine of mice infected with metagonimus yokogawai and metagonimus miyata type. | genus metagonimus has been a subject of taxonomic debates for several years. in morphological aspects, m. yokogawai has been thought to have three subtypes, namely yokogawa type (m. yokogawai in strict sense), miyata type and koga type, but differences in the intestinal pathology induced by these subtypes have not been studied yet. in this study we compared the pathological reactions induced by m. yokogawai and metagonimus miyata type using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) index. metace ... | 1997 | 9446904 |
| isolation of different types of birnavirus from ayu plecoglossus altivelis and amago salmon oncorhynchus rhodurus cultured in the same geographic area. | a birnavirus was recently isolated from cultured ayu plecoglossus altivelis on shikoku island, japan. the diseased fish displayed vertebral or vertical curvature and mild haemorrhage around the brain. cytopathic effects (cpe) of the virus, including cell roundness, filamentous change and cell lysis, were observed in chse-214, rtg-2 and rsbk-2 cells. the virus isolated from ayu, designated the ay-98 strain, was found to be antigenically related to the marine birnavirus (mabv) y-6 strain that orig ... | 1999 | 10598281 |
| isolation of bacteriophages specific to a fish pathogen, pseudomonas plecoglossicida, as a candidate for disease control. | two types of bacteriophage specific to pseudomonas plecoglossicida, the causative agent of bacterial hemorrhagic ascites disease in cultured ayu fish (plecoglossus altivelis), were isolated from diseased ayu and the rearing pond water. one type of phage, which formed small plaques, was tentatively classified as a member of the family myoviridae, and the other type, which formed large plaques, was classified as a member of the family podoviridae. all 27 strains of p. plecoglossicida examined, whi ... | 2000 | 10742221 |
| pseudomonas plecoglossicida sp. nov., the causative agent of bacterial haemorrhagic ascites of ayu, plecoglossus altivelis. | a new pseudomonas species, for which the name pseudomonas plecoglossicida is proposed, was isolated from cultured ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) with bacterial haemorrhagic ascites. the causative agent was similar to pseudomonas putida biovar a in its phenotypic characteristics and on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, but it reduced nitrate to nitrite. furthermore, it was distinguished phenotypically from pseudomonas putida biovar a by utilization of d-malate, l-(+)-tartrate, m-tartrat ... | 2000 | 10826790 |
| the toxr gene of vibrio (listonella) anguillarum controls expression of the major outer membrane proteins but not virulence in a natural host model. | to examine the hypothesis that the ancestral role of the toxr gene in the family vibrionaceae is control of the expression of outer membrane protein (omp)-encoding genes for adaptation to environmental change, we investigated the role of the toxr gene in vibrio anguillarum, an important fish pathogen. the toxr gene of v. angullarum (va-toxr) was cloned from strain pt-87050 isolated from diseased ayu (plecoglossus altivelis), and the sequence was analyzed. the toxr sequence was 63 to 51% identica ... | 2001 | 11553547 |
| changes in the cell structure of flavobacterium psychrophilum with length of culture. | flavobacterium psychrophilum, the pathogen of bacterial cold-water disease, causes serious problems in ayu plecoglossus altivelis culture. this study investigated the effect of the culture period of f. psychrophilum and on the structure of its cells. from the sds-page of total proteins of cellular components, much difference was found between the 36 hr culture and the 48 and 72 hr cultures. a sem observation of the cells showed many fragments, especially on the cell surface of the 36 hr culture. ... | 2001 | 11838898 |
| expression of ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) pit-1 in escherichia coli: its purification and immunohistochemical detection using monoclonal antibody. | the pituitary-specific transcription factor pit-1 belongs to the family of pou-domain proteins and is known to play an important role in the differentiation of pituitary cells. here we report the complete nucleotide sequence of cdna encoding pit-1 from the brackish water fish, ayu (plecoglossus altivelis). nucleotide sequence analysis of 1910 bp of ayu pit-1 cdna revealed an open reading frame of 1074 bp that encodes a protein of 358 amino acids containing a pou-specific domain, pou homeodomain, ... | 2002 | 11858725 |
| adherence of flavobacterium psychrophilum on the body surface of the ayu plecoglossus altivelis. | bacterial cold water disease in the ayu plecoglossus altivelis caused by flavobacterium psychrophilum is a serious problem in the japanese freshwater culture industry. the distribution and activity of this bacterium on the body surface of the ayu in the infection process was investigated. the survival of f. psychrophilum in tap water showed that this bacterium might sustain its infectivity for 24 h. in an experimental infection, juvenile ayu were immersed in water containing 10(8.9) cfu/ml f. ps ... | 2002 | 11909737 |
| the outer membrane fraction of flavobacterium psychrophilum induces protective immunity in rainbow trout and ayu. | flavobacterium psychrophilum is the causative agent of coldwater disease, which is responsible for serious losses in fish aquaculture in several parts of the world. no commercial vaccines are currently available for the prevention of coldwater disease. the present study sought to assess the efficacy of a f. psychrophilum vaccine based on the antigenic outer membrane fraction (omf). this fraction induced significantly higher protection against coldwater disease in both rainbow trout (oncorhynchus ... | 2002 | 11911677 |
| teleost ovarian carbonyl reductase-like 20beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: potential role in the production of maturation-inducing hormone during final oocyte maturation. | 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one is the major oocyte maturation-inducing hormone of several teleost species. gonadotropin-induced increase in ovarian 20beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity is essential for the synthesis of maturation-inducing hormone. cloning and expression studies suggest that ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) ovarian carbonyl reductase can function as 20beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. the amino acid sequence deduced from the isolated cdna had 276 amino acid residue ... | 2002 | 11967216 |
| structural restoration of inactive recombinant fish growth hormones by chemical chaperonin and solvent restraint approaches. | recombinant proteins may undergo conformational distortion, leading to aggregation and loss of function, when they are expressed in heterologous systems. the structural and functional restoration of such inactive proteins is highly desirable. we have over-expressed recombinant growth hormones from the fish ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) and yellow grouper (epinephelus awoara) by a pet expression system. both recombinant proteins accumulate as insoluble form in escherichia coli. we refolded these i ... | 2002 | 12034864 |
| a proposed serotyping system for flavobacterium psychrophilum. | to develop a common serological system for rapid and routine identification of the fish pathogen flavobacterium psychrophilum. | 2002 | 12100595 |
| characterization of transactivation domain and developmental expression of pituitary specific transcription factor, pit-1 of ayu (plecoglossus altivelis). | pit-1 is a pituitary-specific transcription factor, which regulates the expression of growth hormone, prolactin, and thyroid stimulating hormone-beta genes. we previously reported the expression of a pit-1 gene from ayu (plecoglossus altivelis), which is an important cultivated food fish in taiwan and japan. comparison of ayu pit-1 with that of salmon, turkey, and rodent, revealed that the pit-1 structure is highly conserved through vertebrates, especially in pou-specific and pou-homeo domains. ... | 2002 | 12225774 |
| bacteriophage control of pseudomonas plecoglossicida infection in ayu plecoglossus altivelis. | two previously isolated phages were used to examine the therapeutic effects against pseudomonas plecoglossicida infection in ayu plecoglossus altivelis. phage ppp-w4 (podoviridae) inhibited the in vitro growth of p. plecoglossicida more effectively than phage pppw-3 (myoviridae), and a mixture (pppw-3/w-4) of the 2 phages exhibited the highest inhibitory activity. in phage therapy experiments, ayu were fed p. plecoglossicida-impregnated feed (10(7) cfu fish(-1)) and then fed phage-impregnated fe ... | 2003 | 12608566 |
| flow cytometric analysis of the neutrophil respiratory burst of ayu, plecoglossus altivelis: comparison with other fresh water fish. | neutrophils of vertebrates undergo respiratory burst activity (rba) as a defense mechanism against bacterial infections. we report here that ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) have unusually high rbas even when they are in a healthy condition. kidney and blood leukocytes were obtained from ayu, rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), carp (cyprinus carpio), eel (anguilla japonica), and pond smelt (hypomesus nipponensis). neutrophil rba was measured by flow cytometry using dihydrorhodamine after stimulati ... | 2003 | 12787685 |
| changing patterns of infection with digenetic larval trematodes from fresh-water fish in river taewha, kyongnam province. | recent patterns of infection with digenetic larval trematodes in fresh-water and brackish-water fish were studied in three locations of the river taewha during the period from april to october 1988, and compared with the data reported previously in the same river. of 16 species of fish examined, the encysted larvae of cyathocotyle orientalis were found most frequently from 9 species of fresh-water fish. the metacercariae of echinochasmus sp., metacercaria hasegawai and metagonimus yokogawai were ... | 1988 | 12811040 |
| [epidemiological survey on metagonimus yokogawai infection in the eastern coast area of kangwon-province, korea] | an epidemiological survey on metagonimus yokogawai infection was performed in the eastern coast area of kangwon province. formalin-ether concentration technique and stoll's dilution egg counting method were employed to figure out the prevalence and intensity of m. yokogawai infection and eating habits of inhabitants with raw freshwater fish. the results are summarized as follows: the prevalence rate of m. yokogawai infection was 6.6% among a total of 2,357 examinees; 8.6% (115 out of 1,345) in m ... | 1987 | 12886083 |
| [studies on the intestinal fluke, metagonimus yokogawai katsurada, 1912 in korea geographical distribution of sweetfish and infection status with metagonimus metacercaria in south-eastern area of korea] | the present survey was undertaken to observe the geographical distribution of metacercaria among the sweetfish, plecoglossus altivelis, the most important second intermediate host of metagonimus yokogawai, which were collected during the period from 1983 to 1984 in south-eastern coastal areas of korea. the results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. a total of 668 sweetfish collected from 70 chons (=streams) in the above coasta1 areas was examined for the metacercariae, and 432(64.7 percent) ... | 1985 | 12888694 |
| plecoglossus altivelis as a new fish intermediate host of heterophyopsis continua. | p. altivelis from korea republic is recorded as a new host for h. continua which is described and figured. | 1985 | 12888699 |
| [epidemiological studies on metagonimus yokogawai infection in samcheok-gun, kangwon-do, korea] | an epidemiological study on metagonimus yokogawai infection was performed in samcheok-gun, kangwon province during the period from november 1983 to october 1984. formalin-ether concentration technique and stoll's dilution egg counting method were employed to figure out the prevalence and infection intensity of m. yokogawai infection. the results are summarized as follows: the prevalence of m. yokogawai infection was 13.3 % among 1,172 examined; 18.0 % (114 out of 632) in male and 7.8 % (42 out o ... | 1984 | 12891009 |
| [infestation of larval trematodes from fresh-water fish and brackish-water fish in river hyungsan, kyungpook province, korea] | in order to determine the infestation patterns for metacercaria of digenetic trematodes, several kinds of fresh-water and brackish-water fish were caught in river hyungsan, kyungpook province, korea and examined from march to october in 1983. they were collected by netting, fishig with rod and line, or using the bait of crushed oil cake in transparent plastic bowls, and were dissected into the flesh, scales and fins with tail, and then examined for the presence and infestation density of larval ... | 1984 | 12891035 |
| [infestation of larval trematodes from fresh-water fish and brackish-water fish in river taechong, kyungpook province, korea] | a study of infestation patterns for larval trematodes from fresh-water fish and brackish-water fish was carried out during the period from june to october in 1982. they were collected by netting, fishing with rod and line, and using the bait of crushed oil cake in a transparent plastic bowls at the three localities, daebon-dong, kugil-dong, and hoam-dong in the river taechong, kyungpook province, korea. five species of fresh-water fish, the crussian carp, carassius carassius linnaeus, the bullhe ... | 1983 | 12902663 |
| [study on metagonimus yokogawai (katsurada, 1912) in korea: vi.the geographical distribution of metacercarial infection in sweetfish along the east and south coast] | this study was carried out to outline the geographical distribution of the sweetfish which were infected by the metacercariae of metagonimus yokogawai from august to october in 1979. the infection status was examined both by the muscle compression method and by digestion technique. the result was summarized as follows: 1. a total of 197 sweetfish, plecoglossus altivelis was collected, 125 fish from 5 streams along the east coast and 72 fish from 4 streams along the south coast. 2. total 125(63.5 ... | 1982 | 12902696 |
| study on the pathology of metagonimiasis in experimentally infected cat intestine. | to study the basic pathological changes of small intestine in metagonimiasis, light- and electron microscopic studies were made, using a total of 21 cats which were experimentally infected with metacercariae of metagonimus yokogawai. the metacercariae were obtained from naturally infected sweetfish (plecoglossus altivelis) by digestion technique. the cats were divided in control, light-infection(10,000 metacercariae infected) and heavy-infection(50,000 metacercariae infected) groups. cats were k ... | 1981 | 12902706 |
| demonstration of metagonimus yokogawai metacercariae from plecoglossus altivelis in river ahnseong, kyungpook province, korea. | there are a number of eating-houses in the basin of river ahnseong that sell rawsweetfish, plecoglossus altivelis, to local residents and visitors. these facts called attention to the possibility of wide spread of metagonimiasis in that area. in an attempt to determine whether the metacercaria of metagonimus yokogawai does present in the sweetfish caught in the river ahnseong, a total of 77 fish were examined in the period from april to september 1978. all the fish were infected with the encyste ... | 1979 | 12902759 |
| [epidemiological conditions of metagonimus yokogawai infection in hadong gun, gyeongsang nam do] | an epidemiological investigation was conducted on metagonimus yokogawai infection in hadong gun (county), gyeongsang nam do, korea, and following findings were obtained. 1. overall prevalence rate of metagonimus yokogawai infection was 29.1% from a total of 1,163 inhabitants examined. by area of river and stream, seomjin-gang r.: 9.5% (out of 95 inhabitants examined) in jeondo ri in the lower river, 19.9% (156) at dugog ri near hadong town, and 90.8% (65) in tab ri of hwagae myeon where hwagae-c ... | 1979 | 12902760 |
| [epidemiological study on metagonimus yokogawai infection along boseong river in jeonra nam do, korea] | prevalence study of metagonimus yokogawai infection, survey of intermediate hosts of metagonimus yokogawai and food habits of raw sweetfish among inhabitants along boseong river (120 km), jeonra nam do (province) were carried out. the results are summarized as follows: 1. among 360 examined, the egg positive case were 128(35.6%); male 112(46.7%), female 16(13.3%). 2. the prevalence rates were different by geographical areas; 42.4% in down stream, 49.4% in middle stream and 13.3% in upper stream. ... | 1978 | 12902778 |
| study on metagonimus yokogawai(katsurada, 1912) in korea: iv. an epidemiological investigation along tamjin river basin, south cholla do, korea. | a status survey on metagonimus yokogawai infection along the tamjin river basin, south cholla do, korea was conducted from september to november 1977. the snail intermediate host, semisulcospira sp., the fish host, plecoglossus altivelis and the inhabitants in three villages in jangheung and kangjin guns were examined for detection of this trematode infection respectively. the results could be summarized as follows: 1. out of 452 snails, semisulcospira sp., 105 (23.2%) were found positive for re ... | 1977 | 12913425 |
| metacercarial density of metagonimus yokogawai in plecoglossus altivelis in kyungpook province, korea. | in order to determine the intensity of infection with the encysted larvae of metagonimus yokogawai among plecoglossus altivelis, sweetfish, caught at the rivers in kyungpook province, korea were examined in the period from july to october, 1976. the data were compared with the results obtained from tribolodon hakonensis, the sea-run dace, caught at the river hyungsan in the province. a total of 128 plecoglossus altivelis were examined. all the fish were infected with the metacercaria of metagoni ... | 1977 | 12913432 |
| study on metagonimus yokogawai (katsurada, 1912) in korea: ii. the in vitro excystation of metacercariae. | a series of experiments on various factors which induce optimal in vitro excystation of the metacercariae of metagonimus yokogawai isolated from the fish, plecoglossus altivelis was conducted and the following results were obtained. 1)the metacercariae used in this experiment were isolated by the digestion technique therefore all of them were pretreated with the acid-pepsin solution before being applied to the various tests. 2)no excystation occurred when the metacercariae were placed in a salt ... | 1970 | 12913512 |
| study on metagonimus yokogawai(katsurada, 1912) in korea: i. on the metacercaria, its distribution in the second intermediate host and the development in the final host. | 1)the metacercariae of metagonimus yokogawai were isolated from the sweetfish plecoglossus altivelis, clollected at hwagae, south kyongsang do, one of the newly known endemic foci of metagonimiasis in korea. the body structure of metacercaria of m.yokogawai was described and the measurements of the excysted metacercaria were also made. 2)in order to know the distribution of metacercariae within the host, the rate of infection and the intensity of infection, a total of 10 sweet fishes was examine ... | 1969 | 12913526 |
| establishment of cell lines from a tropical grouper, epinephelus awoara (temminck & schlegel), and their susceptibility to grouper irido- and nodaviruses. | four tropical marine fish cell lines have been established from the eye, fin, heart and swim bladder of grouper, epinephelus awoara (temminck & schlegel). optimum media and temperature conditions for maximum growth were standardized. the eye and swim bladder cells were mostly epithelial, but the fin and heart cells were mostly fibroblastic. the viability of cells was 95% after 1 year of storage in liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees c). besides these four cell lines, previously established grouper bra ... | 2003 | 12962209 |
| efficacy of oral vaccine against bacterial coldwater disease in ayu plecoglossus altivelis. | the development of a practical vaccination method against bacterial coldwater disease (bcwd) in ayu plecoglossus altivelis and the efficacy of oral administration of formalin-killed cells (fkcs) of flavobacterium psychrophilum was investigated. the fkc was administrated at a dose of 0.1-0.2 g kg(-1) body weight to juvenile ayu (0.5 g body weight) every day for 2 wk or on 5 days over 2 wk. experimental immersion challenge at 3 and 7 wk after vaccination showed significantly higher survival rates ... | 2003 | 13677514 |
| genotyping of flavobacterium psychrophilum using pcr-rflp analysis. | genetic variability among 242 strains of flavobacterium psychrophilum was characterized using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. universal primers gyr-1 and gyr-1r, which were designed to amplify the gyrase subunit b gene (gyrb), yielded a 1178 bp pcr product encoding gyrb and a 290 bp pcr product of anonymous dna from all f. psychrophilum strains tested. in the rflp analysis of the anonymous 290 bp dna marker, the restriction en ... | 2003 | 14667032 |
| histopathological studies of bacterial haemorrhagic ascites of ayu, plecoglossus altivelis (temminck & schlegel). | a histopathological study was carried out on ayu, plecoglossus altivelis, with bacterial haemorrhagic ascites. the fish were obtained from culture ponds in wakayama prefecture in 2003. the causative agent was identified as pseudomonas plecoglossicida by a slide agglutination test using anti-p. plecoglossicida fpc941 serum. histopathological studies revealed lesions in spleen, kidney, liver, intestine, heart and gills. lesions in the spleen and haematopoietic tissue were prominent and invaded by ... | 2004 | 15291787 |
| simultaneous detection of linkage disequilibrium and genetic differentiation of subdivided populations. | we propose a new method for simultaneously detecting linkage disequilibrium and genetic structure in subdivided populations. taking subpopulation structure into account with a hierarchical model, we estimate the magnitude of genetic differentiation and linkage disequilibrium in a metapopulation on the basis of geographical samples, rather than decompose a population into a finite number of random-mating subpopulations. we assume that hardy-weinberg equilibrium is satisfied in each locality, but ... | 2004 | 15342536 |
| detection of r factors in naturally occurring vibrio anguillarum strains. | r factors were detected in vibrio anguillarum strains from vibrio-diseased freshwater fish, ayu (plecoglossus altivelis), in japan. it was found that 65 out of the 68 random isolates from epidemics of vibrio disease in 1973 carried transferable drug resistance factors. the most common type determined resistance to sulfonamides, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline and belong to the fi(-) type. the high incidence of r factors in vibrio anguillarum from cultured fish is assumed to be du ... | 1974 | 15825300 |
| unexpected ceiling of genetic differentiation in the control region of the mitochondrial dna between different subspecies of the ayu plecoglossus altivelis. | sequence analyses of the non-coding, control region (cr) and coding region of the nd4-trna(ser) genes in the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) were conducted for populations of the ayu plecoglossus altivelis altivelis and the ryukyu-ayu p. a. ryukyuensis. the level of genetic differentiation between the two subspecies evaluated from the cr data was substantially low, when comparing with that estimated from nd4-trna(ser) gene region data, as well as those from nuclear genome data sets. by contrast, the d ... | 2005 | 15846049 |
| bacillus alveayuensis sp. nov., a thermophilic bacterium isolated from deep-sea sediments of the ayu trough. | two thermophilic, spore-forming strains, tm1(t) and tm5, were isolated from deep-sea sediment (4000 m below sea level) of the ayu trough in the western pacific ocean. cells of the two strains were gram-positive, motile and rod-shaped. their spores were ellipsoidal, subterminal to terminal and occurred in swollen sporangia. the two strains grew at temperatures up to 65 degrees c and in the ph range 6.5-9.0. the nacl concentration for optimal growth was 3.0 % (w/v) and growth was inhibited by 5 % ... | 2005 | 15879257 |
| pathogenesis of experimentally induced bacterial cold water disease in ayu plecoglossus altivelis. | ayu plecoglossus altivelis were experimentally infected with flavobacterium psychrophilum, which is the causative agent of bacterial cold water disease (cwd). the fish infected by immersion usually died within an hour after they became moribund. the blood volume and haematocrit values of moribund fish were low, while those values of many infected fish that were not moribund were in the range of controls. most of the affected fish in the immersion-infected groups had ulcerative lesions on their l ... | 2005 | 16385814 |
| geographical distribution of metagonimus yokogawai and m. miyatai in shizuoka prefecture, japan, and their site preferences in the sweetfish, plecoglossus altivelis, and hamsters. | sweetfish, plecoglossus altivelis, obtained from 18 rivers in shizuoka prefecture were examined for metacercarial infection of 2 flukes, metagonimus yokogawai and metagonimus miyatai. the infection rate and density of metacercariae in the fish were higher in eastern and western regions than in central region of the prefecture. after infection of hamsters with metacercariae derived from the scale, 98.7% of the adult worms obtained from the intestine was found to be m. miyatai. conversely, from in ... | 2006 | 16807078 |
| rapid direct determination using combined separation by prepared immunomagnetic and flow cytometry of flavobacterium psychrophilum. | flavobacterium psychrophilum, the causative agent of bacterial cold-water disease (bcwd), was originally isolated from coho salmon oncorhychus kisutch in the usa. bacterial cold-water disease has since been spreading throughout japan and has caused serious damage to populations of ayu plecoglossus altivel in many farms and rivers. the rapid method of detecting for f. psuchrophilum is requested, however, traditional methods are laborious because of complicated assay procedures. in this study, a r ... | 2007 | 16996256 |
| stationary phase culture supernatant containing membrane vesicles induced immunity to rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss fry syndrome. | flavobacterium psychrophilum is the causative agent of bacterial cold water disease (bcwd) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) fry syndrome (rtfs). logarithmic phase formalin-killed cells (fkc) of f. psychrophilum induced immunity to bcwd in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) by using an oral administration. in this study, we investigated the effective antigens of logarithmic phase cells in rainbow trout. rainbow trout fry immunized with logarithmic phase fkc resulted in near complete protection, ... | 2007 | 17095127 |
| pcr-rflp genotypes associated with quinolone resistance in isolates of flavobacterium psychrophilum. | a novel genotyping method for epizootiological studies of bacterial cold-water disease caused by flavobacterium psychrophilum and associated with quinolone resistance was developed. polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) was performed on 244 f. psychrophilum isolates from various fish species. pcr was performed with primer pair gyra-fp1f and gyra-fp1r amplifying the a subunit of the dna gyrase (gyra) gene, which contained the quinolone resistanc ... | 2007 | 17352789 |
| molecular typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates derived from japanese fish. | sixty-four isolates of flavobacterium psychrophilum from ayu, plecoglossus altivelis altivelis (temminck & schlegel), and other fish (n=16) in japan and the type strain (ncimb 1947(t)) were typed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) with endonuclease blni and xhoi. these isolates were classified into 20 clusters and 42 genotypes by pfge analysis. the most predominant cluster of isolates from ayu was cluster xii (n=20), followed by clusters xvii, xvi, xx, xi, ix, x, xiii and xv; the rema ... | 2007 | 17498178 |
| identification and detection of pseudomonas plecoglossicida isolates with pcr primers targeting the gyrb region. | pseudomonas plecoglossicida is the agent of bacterial haemorrhagic ascites (bha) in freshwater fish farming in japan. to develop a rapid identification and detection method for p. plecoglossicida, a pcr amplification technique targeting the chromosomal dna region coding the b subunit of the dna gyrase (gyrb) was used. the nucleotide sequences of gyrb were determined in nine isolates of p. plecoglossicida and two other pseudomonas species. on the basis of these determined sequences and the gyrb s ... | 2007 | 17584436 |
| lack of circadian regulation of in vitro melatonin release from the pineal organ of salmonid teleosts. | in many teleost species, the photoreceptive pineal organ harbors the circadian clock that regulates melatonin release in the pineal organ itself. however, the pineal organ of three salmonids (rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss, masu salmon oncorhynchus masou, and sockeye salmon oncorhynchus nerka) did not exhibit circadian rhythms in melatonin release when maintained under constant darkness (dd) in vitro, suggesting that the pineal organs of all salmonids lack the circadian regulation of melatoni ... | 2007 | 17681505 |
| molecular cloning of liver angiotensinogen gene in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) and mrna expression changes upon aeromonas hydrophila infection. | angiotensinogen (agt) is thought to be an acute phase protein, because in mammals its plasma concentrations increase during inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides (lps). a full-length cdna clone of the agt gene, 1828bp in size, was isolated from the fish ayu (plecoglossus altivelis). its deduced amino acid sequence of 462 residues had 57.7-68.6%, 30.2% and 23.3-27.4% identity to those sequenced from other fish, chicken and mammals, respectively. ayu-agt is most closely related to that of si ... | 2008 | 18337123 |
| assessing carcinogenic risks associated with ingesting arsenic in farmed smeltfish (ayu, plecoglossus altirelis) in aseniasis-endemic area of taiwan. | this study spatially analyzed potential carcinogenic risks associated with ingesting arsenic (as) contents in aquacultural smeltfish (plecoglossus altirelis) from the lanyang plain of northeastern taiwan. sequential indicator simulation (sis) was adopted to reproduce as exposure distributions in groundwater based on their three-dimensional variability. a target cancer risk (tr) associated with ingesting as in aquacultural smeltfish was employed to evaluate the potential risk to human health. the ... | 2008 | 18584852 |
| [polymorphisms of mitochondrial cyt b gene and d-loop region in sweetfish (plecoglossus altivelis temminck et schlegel) from zhejiang and fujian provinces]. | we reported here the molecular analysis of mitochondrial genomes in sweetfish (plecoglossus altivelis). thirty-one specimens were recruited from ruian, zhejiang province, ningde, fujian province, and dongzhang reservoir, fujian province. dna segments spanning cytochrome b gene and d-loop region derived from these specimens were pcr-amplified and subsequently characterized by direct dna sequence analysis. the resultant sequence data were compared with the consensus sequence and further analyzed f ... | 2008 | 18779137 |
| apolipoprotein a-i, a hyperosmotic adaptation-related protein in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis). | apolipoprotein a-i (apoa-i) is the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (hdl) particles in serum and participates in the reverse transport of cholesterol from tissues to the liver for excretion. 2de gel and protein identification by maldi-tof-ms revealed that an apoa-i-like molecule was significantly decreased in the liver of ayu transferred from freshwater (fw) to brackish water (bw). a full-length cdna clone of this protein was subsequently isolated. it contains 1209 bp with an ... | 2009 | 19095077 |
| rapid determination of arsenic species in freshwater organisms from the arsenic-rich hayakawa river in japan using hplc-icp-ms. | speciation analyses of water-soluble arsenicals from freshwater and biological samples collected from the hayakawa river (kanagawa, japan), which contains a high concentration of arsenic, were performed using high performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (hplc-icp-ms). river water contained only arsenate, which is a pentavalent inorganic arsenical. the water bug stenopsyche marmorata contained inorganic arsenicals accounting for 77% of the water-soluble arse ... | 2009 | 19203781 |
| an interaction between leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 and transferrin of ayu, plecoglossus altivelis. | yeast two-hybrid (y2h) screens were used to test for interactions between leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (lect2) and a liver cdna expression library of ayu, plecoglossus altivelis. of the 9 independent interacting clones identified, 7 were identical and closely related to transferrin (tf) genes of fish, while the other two were related to c-type lectin genes. the interaction between ayu tf (atf) and ayu lect2 (alect2) was confirmed by in vitro co-immunoprecipitation of the two proteins. y2h ... | 2009 | 19223015 |
| increased liver protein and mrna expression of natural killer cell-enhancing factor b (nkef-b) in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) after aeromonas hydrophila infection. | natural killer cell-enhancing factor (nkef) may mediate cellular responses to proinflammatory molecules. the liver proteins of aeromonas hydrophila-infected ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) and healthy control fish were analyzed by 2de. a protein, which increased significantly in diseased fish, was identified as nkef-b by maldi-tof-ms. a full-length cdna clone of this proteinwas subsequently isolated. it contains 1092 bp with an open reading frame of 591 bp, coding for 197 amino acids with mw 21.9 k ... | 2009 | 19340957 |
| molecular cloning of liver wap65 cdna in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) and mrna expression changes following listonella anguillarum infection. | the teleost warm temperature acclimation related 65 kda protein (wap65) is a plasma glycoprotein with the potential roles in heat adaptation, heme recycling, immune response and copper metabolism. it is most homologous to the mammalian hemopexin, which is the plasma transporter of heme. a full-length cdna clone of the wap65 gene, 1,534 bp in size, was isolated from the fish ayu (plecoglossus altivelis). its deduced amino acid sequence of 439 residues had 60.4-65.4% and 38.3-47.3% identical to fi ... | 2010 | 19434513 |
| isolation and identification of bacteriophages infecting ayu plecoglossus altivelis altivelis specific flavobacterium psychrophilum. | in order to investigate methods for controlling systemic bacterial coldwater disease (cwd), bacteriophages that infect flavobacterium psychrophilum were isolated by the enrichment method from pond water collected from japanese ayu farms. the five phages isolated were classified as members of myoviridae (pfpw-3, pfpc-y), podoviridae (pfpw-6, pfpw-7), and siphoviridae (pfpw-8) and had highly variable patterns of infectivity for different f. psychrophilum isolates (n=128). the stability tests of th ... | 2010 | 19647377 |
| genotyping of edwardsiella ictaluri isolates in japan using amplified-fragment length polymorphism analysis. | the major objective of the present study was to clarify genetic relationship of isolates of edwardsiella ictaluri in japan, which was first found from ayu plecoglossus altivelis in japanese rivers in 2007. | 2009 | 19674293 |
| ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) in a contact zone between amphidromous and landlocked forms: genetic analyses of populations in the yodo river system. | the migratory fish ayu, plecoglossus altivelis, has two forms: an amphidromous form found throughout the japanese islands and a landlocked form found in lake biwa. because lake biwa is one of the sources of the yodo river, which flows into osaka bay, it is likely that there has been contact between the two forms within the yodo river system. to examine the effects of such contact, 573 ayu were collected from the yodo river system and several other rivers and compared through an extensive investi ... | 2009 | 19719405 |
| an interaction between a c-type lectin receptor and leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 of ayu, plecoglossus altivelis. | yeast two-hybrid (y2h) screens were used to test for interactions between leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (lect2) and a liver cdna expression library of ayu, plecoglossus altivelis. of the 9 independent interacting clones identified, 2 were identical and closely related to c-type lectin receptor (clr) genes of fish, while the other 7 were partial sequences from transferrin genes. ayu clr (aclr) showed similarity to immune-relevant mammalian receptors in terms of amino acid sequence and overa ... | 2010 | 19835961 |
| [characterization of listonella anguillarum as the aetiological agent of vibriosis occurred in cultured ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) in ninghai country, china]. | ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) vibriosis threatens ayu aquaculture seriously caused by mass mortality due to severe infections. we characterized the vibriosis pathogen of ayu in ninghai country. | 2009 | 19873758 |
| protection against flavobacterium psychrophilum infection (cold water disease) in ayu fish (plecoglossus altivelis) by oral administration of humus extract. | humic substances are formed during the decomposition of organic matter in humus, and are found in many natural environments in which organic materials and microorganisms have been present. in the present study, oral administration of humus extract to ayu fish (plecoglossus altivelis) induced effective protection against experimental flavobacterium psychrophilum infection (cold water disease). mortality of fish and development of skin lesions, such as erosion and hemorrhages on the skin, gill cov ... | 2009 | 19959900 |
| amoebic gill disease in hatchery-reared ayu, plecoglossus altivelis (temminck & schlegel), in japan is caused by neoparamoeba perurans. | | 2010 | 20158576 |
| plasmid profiling of flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates from ayu (plecoglossus altivelis altivelis) and other fish species in japan. | in order to evaluate the genetic variability of the causative agent of cold water disease (cwd), plasmid profiling was used to characterize flavobacterium (f.) psychrophilum isolates (n = 169). size analysis of plasmids in f. psychrophilum isolates (n = 128) from several fish species demonstrated that six kinds of plasmids were harbored, and ayu isolates had different profiles compared to other isolates. moreover, multiple isolates (n = 41) from cwd outbreaks in 2002 to 2003 at a single ayu farm ... | 2010 | 20195070 |
| comparison of the bacterial community structures of ayu-narezushi produced by two different manufacturers. | we analyzed and compared the bacterial communities in ayu-narezushi (narezushi made using the sweetfish) produced by two different manufacturers in mie prefecture, japan, with the 16s ribosomal rna gene clone library method. the bacterial diversity of ayu-narezushi 1 (library 1) was higher than that of ayu-narezushi 2 (library 2). the predominant lactic acid bacteria were lactobacillus fuchuensis, lactococcus piscium, and leuconostoc gelidum in library 1 and lactobacillus sakei in library 2, sug ... | 2010 | 20616434 |
| [molecular cloning, sequence analysis and expression pattern of hepcidin gene in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis)]. | hepcidin, a member of cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides, plays an important role in both fish adaptive immunity and the regulation of iron metabolism. in this paper, the nucleotide sequence of a full-length cdna clone for ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) hepcidin gene, 763 nucleotides in length, was determined. ayu hepcidin gene contained a complete open reading frame (orf) encoding an 85-amino-acid peptide with a molecular weight of 9.7 k. a signal peptide of 24 residues existed in hepcidin n-te ... | 2010 | 21174348 |
| the establishment of a library screening method based on yeast two-hybrid system and its use to determine the potential interactions of liver proteins in ayu, plecoglossus altivelis. | knowledge of specific protein-protein interaction (ppi) is an important component in understanding biological processes and regulatory mechanisms. a library to library screening method (lls) was established based on yeast two-hybrid (yth) system in this research, and applied to study the ppis in ayu liver. in total, 23 out of 55 interaction pairs were found positive through phenotypic identification, with a positive rate of 41.8%. of the 11 unique ppis, 9 interactions including fgb/fgg, cam/spna ... | 2011 | 21352921 |
| growth of flavobacterium psychrophilum in fish serum correlates with pathogenicity. | flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates, obtained from ayu, plecoglossus altivelis, three species of salmonids and two species of cyprinids in japan, were used in this study. bacteria were inoculated to serum prepared from ayu or red spotted masu trout (rsmt), oncorhynchus masou ishikawae, and incubated at 18 -¦c for 24 h. all isolates (n = 19) from ayu grew well with a 9- to 116-fold increase of cfu in ayu serum, while cfu decreased markedly in rsmt serum. in contrast, isolates (n = 17) from fish ... | 2011 | 21382051 |
| identification and characterization of a novel cathelicidin from ayu, plecoglossus altivelis. | cathelicidins, one family of antimicrobial peptides, play important roles against infections in animals. in this study, a cdna sequence coding for cathelicidin was cloned from constructed liver cdna library of ayu, plecoglossus altivelis. the deduced ayu cathelicidin (acath) has a 20 amino acid residue signal peptide, a conserved cathelin domain of 110 amino acid residues and a mature antimicrobial peptide of 61 amino acid residues. sequence comparison and phylogenetic tree analysis confirmed ac ... | 2011 | 21397030 |
| determination of in vitro bioaccessibility of pb, as, cd and hg in selected traditional indian medicines. | in vitro bioaccessibility of pb, as, cd and hg in five traditional indian medicine samples was measured as a determinant of bioavailability. the method is based on simulation of human digestion in the passage of material from the gastric to intestinal portions of the gastrointestinal tract. total concentration and concentration in extracts from gastric and intestinal phases were analyzed for pb, as and cd by dynamic reaction cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (drc-icp-ms) and for ... | 2010 | 21643429 |
| use of suppressive subtractive hybridization to identify differentially expressed genes in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) associated with listonella anguillarum infection. | suppressive subtractive hybridization (ssh) was employed to identify differentially expressed genes in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) associated with listonella anguillarum infection. 800 random clones were selected from forward and reverse subtractive libraries and 787 were successfully sequenced. after assembling, 105 contigs and 414 singletons were finally obtained, some of which were immune-related genes. a real-time quantitative pcr (rt-qpcr) analysis of the expression patterns of 28 transcri ... | 2011 | 21712095 |
| prevalence of metagonimus metacercariae in sweetfish, plecoglossus altivelis, from eastern and southern coastal areas in korea. | the present study was performed to determine the current infecion status of metagonimus yokogawai metacercariae in sweetfish, plecoglossus altivelis, collected from several streams in eastern and southern coastal areas of korea. the sweetfish collected were artificially digested with pepsin-hcl solution and examined under a stereomicroscope in august and september, 2007. out of 145 sweetfish collected from 10 streams in eastern coasts (gangwon-do and gye-ongsangbuk-do), 88 (60.7%) were infected ... | 2011 | 21738272 |
| [alteration on the expression of ayu coagulation factor x gene upon listonella anguillarum infection]. | coagulation factor x (fx) plays an important role in the immune response of mammals. in this study, the full length cdna sequence of the ayu fx gene, 1817 bp in length excluding 3'-polya tail, was determined for the first time. the sequence contained an open reading frame, which encoded a protein of 453 amino acids with a molecular weight of 5.07×10(4). the predicted protein had motifs typical of animal fx, and its n-terminal 24 residues were the signal peptides. sequence comparison showed that ... | 2011 | 22006800 |
| the use of warmed water treatment to induce protective immunity against the bacterial cold-water disease pathogen flavobacterium psychrophilum in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis). | we investigated the induction of protective immunity against bacterial cold-water disease (bcwd) caused by flavobacterium psychrophilum by warmed water treatment in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis). fish were immersed in a live bacterial suspension (10(7) cfu ml(-1)) for 30 min and placed in 700 l concrete tanks. the 28 °c warmed water treatment lasted 3 days and began 1, 6, and 24 h after immersion in the live bacterial suspension. a naïve control fish group was immersed in a sterilized modified cy ... | 2011 | 22209763 |
| efficacy of vasadi syrup and shwasaghna dhuma in the patients of copd (shwasa roga). | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) threatens as emerging public health crisis. the two major drivers for this are the ageing of the world's population and the impressive, if deplorable, success of the multinational tobacco companies at forcing open world markets. one of the most striking aspect of copd is that it is heterogenous. there are many different presentations with differing intensities of symptoms and even differing responses to the medication. sorting out, what accounts for t ... | 2010 | 22131684 |
| identification of α1-antitrypsin as a positive acute phase protein in ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) associated with listonella anguillarum infection. | α1-antitrypsin (aat) is implicated in the regulation of a variety of mammalian immune responses and was recently identified as a major serpin in blood plasma of some fish. however, aat expression following bacterial infection in fish has not been well described. in this study, we cloned the full-length ayu (plecoglossus altivelis) aat gene cdna. it contained a 1368-bp coding region, which encodes a 19-amino acids (aa) signal peptide and a 437-aa mature aat containing the serpin's signature seque ... | 2012 | 22100612 |
| a new method for random mutagenesis by error-prone polymerase chain reaction using heavy water. | error-prone polymerase chain reactions (eppcrs) are often used to introduce mutations in random mutagenesis, which has been used as a tool in protein engineering. here, we developed a new method of eppcr using heavy water as a solvent instead of normal water (h(2)o). rhodopsin cdna of the ayu fish (plecoglossus altivelis) was used as a template and was amplified using five different conditions: (a) 100% h(2)o with no mn(2+), (b) 100% h(2)o/0.6mm mn(2+), (c) 99% d(2)o with no mn(2+), (d) 99% d(2) ... | 2012 | 21963598 |