| translocations of acrocentric chromosomes and their implications in the evolution of sheep (ovis). | cytogenetic evidence suggests that the caprids (sheep and goats) evolved from a common ancestor with a 2n=60 karyotype. although goats (capra) retained the primitive 2n=60 karyotype, sheep (ovis) underwent a sequential reduction in the number of chromosomes by means of acrocentric translocation. the formation of the first metacentric autosome (m1) occurred in the aoudad (ammotragus) and urial (o. vignei), resulting in a 2n=58 karyotype. the g-bands are homologous, which implies both genotypes ar ... | 1976 | 991654 |
| analysis of mitochondrial dna indicates that domestic sheep are derived from two different ancestral maternal sources: no evidence for contributions from urial and argali sheep. | to investigate the origins and phylogenetic relationships of domestic sheep, mitochondrial dna (mtdna) from 243 sheep of five european, one african, and four asian breeds and several mouflon (ovis musimon), urial (o. vignei bochariensis), and argali (o. ammon nigrimontana, o. a. collium) were assayed for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp). twenty haplotypes were identified which occurred in three major phlogenetic groups: urial/argali, mouflon/domestic, and domestic sheep. from the ... | 1998 | 9542158 |
| chromosome number of severtzov's sheep (ovis ammon severtzovi): g-banded karyotype comparisons within ovis. | severtzov's sheep (ovis ammon severtzovi; nasonov 1914) has a 2n = 56 diploid chromosome number and a karyotype consisting of two pairs of biarmed and 25 pairs of acrocentric autosomes, a large acrocentric x, and a minute biarmed y. the g-banding patterns of the largest pair of biarmed chromosomes were identical to those of the largest biarmed chromosomes in all wild and domestic sheep of the genus ovis. the banding patterns of the second pair of biarmed chromosomes were identical to the third p ... | 1998 | 9656470 |
| molecular analysis of wild and domestic sheep questions current nomenclature and provides evidence for domestication from two different subspecies. | complete mitochondrial dna (mtdna) control regions (cr) were sequenced and analysed in order to investigate wild sheep taxonomy and the origin of domestic sheep (ovis aries). the dataset for phylogenetic analyses includes 63 unique cr sequences from wild sheep of the mouflon (o. musimon, o. orientalis), urial (o. vignei), argali (o. ammon) and bighorn (o. canadensis) groups, and from domestic sheep of asia, europe and new zealand. domestic sheep occurred in two clearly separated branches with mo ... | 2002 | 12028771 |
| five ovine mitochondrial lineages identified from sheep breeds of the near east. | archaeozoological evidence indicates that sheep were first domesticated in the fertile crescent. to search for dna sequence diversity arising from previously undetected domestication events, this survey examined nine breeds of sheep from modern-day turkey and israel. a total of 2027 bp of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) sequence from 197 sheep revealed a total of 85 haplotypes and a high level of genetic diversity. six individuals carried three haplotypes, which clustered separately from the known ovi ... | 2007 | 17194773 |
| re-sequencing regions of the ovine y chromosome in domestic and wild sheep reveals novel paternal haplotypes. | the male-specific region of the ovine y chromosome (msy) remains poorly characterized, yet sequence variants from this region have the potential to reveal the wild progenitor of domestic sheep or examples of domestic and wild paternal introgression. the 5' promoter region of the sex-determining gene sry was re-sequenced using a subset of wild sheep including bighorn (ovis canadensis), thinhorn (ovis dalli spp.), urial (ovis vignei), argali (ovis ammon), mouflon (ovis musimon) and domestic sheep ... | 2009 | 19016675 |
| evolution and taxonomy of the wild species of the genus ovis (mammalia, artiodactyla, bovidae). | new insights for the systematic and evolution of the wild sheep are provided by molecular phylogenies inferred from maximum parsimony, bayesian, maximum likelihood, and neighbor-joining methods. the phylogeny of the wild sheep was based on cytochrome b sequences of 290 samples representative of most of the sub-species described in the genus ovis. the result was confirmed by a combined tree based on cytochrome b and nuclear sequences for 79 ovis samples representative of the robust clades establi ... | 2010 | 19897045 |
| the first mitogenome of the cyprus mouflon (ovis gmelini ophion): new insights into the phylogeny of the genus ovis. | sheep are thought to have been one of the first livestock to be domesticated in the near east, thus playing an important role in human history. the current whole mitochondrial genome phylogeny for the genus ovis is based on: the five main domestic haplogroups occurring among sheep (o. aries), along with molecular data from two wild european mouflons, three urials, and one argali. with the aim to shed some further light on the phylogenetic relationship within this genus, the first complete mitoch ... | 2015 | 26636977 |
| comparative in silico study of sex-determining region y (sry) protein sequences involved in sex-determining. | the sry gene (sry) provides instructions for making a transcription factor called the sex-determining region y protein. the sex-determining region y protein causes a fetus to develop as a male. in this study, sry of 15 spices included of human, chimpanzee, dog, pig, rat, cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep, horse, zebra, frog, urial, dolphin and killer whale were used for determine of bioinformatic differences. | 0 | 27536700 |
| infection levels of protostrongylid nematodes in definitive caprine and intermediate gastropod hosts from uzbekistan. | morphological analysis of lungworms collected among caprinae from uzbekistan resulted in the identification of four species of protostrongylidae: protostrongylus rufescens, protostrongylus hobmaieri, spiculocaulus leuckarti and cystocaulus ocreatus. the following species were recorded as definitive hosts: ovis aries, ovis ammon, ovis vignei, capra hircus, capra falconeri and capra sibirica. the prevalence of p. rufescens reached 45.3%, followed by s. leuckarti and c. ocreatus with 31.7% and p. h ... | 2017 | 27018914 |
| meta-analysis evidence of maternal lineages in chinese tibetan sheep using mtdna d-loop panel. | the tibetan sheep is an indigenous breed living in the entire tibetan plateau, and its origin and phylogenic relationships are still uncertain and controversial. in this study, we analyzed partial mtdna d-loop sequences of 156 chinese tibetan sheep individuals from 12 distributed geographic ecotype populations. phylogenetic analysis indicated that three maternal lineages (haplogroups a, b and c) were found in this breed and that ovis vignei and ovis ammon have possibly contributed to the origina ... | 2017 | 27159711 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome sequence analysis of tibetan argali (ovis ammon hodgsoni): implications of tibetan argali and gansu argali as the same subspecies. | the genus ovis (bovidae, artiodactyla) includes six species, i.e. ovis ammon, ovis aries, ovis canadensis, ovis dalli, ovis nivicola and ovis vignei. based on morphology, geographical location, habitat, etc., the species o. ammon is divided into nine subspecies. the near threatened tibetan argali is distributed across the tibetan plateau and its peripheral mountains, and believed to be one of the o. ammon subspecies (o. a. hodgsoni). however, considering its morphological features and distributi ... | 2013 | 23542075 |
| evaluation of tris-citric acid, skim milk and sodium citrate extenders for liquid storage of punjab urial (ovis vignei punjabiensis) spermatozoa. | the punjab urial (ovis vignei punjabiensis) is an endangered subspecie of ovidae, distributed as small scattered populations in the forest belt of the himalayan foothills of pakistan and in the areas enclosed by the indus and the jhelum rivers. the present study was conducted to evaluate the liquid storage of punjab urial spermatozoa in different extenders for use in future in situ conservation activities. semen was collected by electro-ejaculation from three captive punjab urial rams. suitable ... | 2013 | 24011195 |
| parasites of markhor, urial and chiltan wild goat in pakistan | parasites are transferred between domestic and wild animals, when host animals come in contact with each other, particularly while grazing the same pastures, or when using same water bodies for drinking. chances of parasite transmission and adaptation are high when hosts are genetically related. afghan urial (ovis vignei blanfordi), suleiman markhor (capra falconeri jerdoni) and chiltan wild goat (c. aegagrus chialtanensis) are wild kin of domestic sheep and goats, sharing numerous parasitic dis ... | 2020 | 32198990 |
| historical introgression from wild relatives enhanced climatic adaptation and resistance to pneumonia in sheep. | how animals, particularly livestock, adapt to various climates and environments over short evolutionary time is of fundamental biological interest. further, understanding the genetic mechanisms of adaptation in indigenous livestock populations is important for designing appropriate breeding programs to cope with the impacts of changing climate. here we conducted a comprehensive genomic analysis of diversity, interspecies introgression and climate-mediated selective signatures in a global sample ... | 2020 | 32941615 |
| development and implementation of baseline welfare assessment protocol for captive breeding of wild ungulate-punjab urial (ovis vignei punjabiensis, lydekker 1913). | to ensure that captive breeding and other associated programs are more robust and sustainable, it is of utmost importance to ensure optimum welfare. although it is well known that standard welfare is crucial for successful captive breeding, there is still a lack of welfare assessment protocols for wild species. the current study aimed to develop a leading baseline welfare assessment protocol for assessing welfare in captive punjab urial. this protocol is based on the welfare protocol for domesti ... | 2019 | 31835388 |
| determining optimal stock density of punjab urial (<i>ovis vignei punjabiensis</i>) in captivity for breeding, population growth and reintroduction potential. | the punjab urial (ovis vignei punjabiensis) is an endangered wild sheep of pakistan, raised in captivity with the aim of re-introduction. to date, no information is available about population trends of this species in captivity. the current study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the population trend to better guide captive breeding for improved productivity and conservation value. | 2020 | 32981254 |
| emerging from tabloid scandal: dr. u.k. mayo's vegetable vapor extends nitrous oxide's anesthetic duration. | urial k. mayo (1816-1900) was a successful boston dentist who was plagued by personal scandal. in 1883 he patented extending the duration of nitrous-oxide anesthesia with an alcoholic tincture of hops and poppies. | 2020 | 32921490 |
| the perfect and famous anesthetic known as methyl in boston in 1895. | extravagant claims were made for proprietary dental anesthetics in boston, ma, in the late 1800s. for instance, in 1883, urial k. mayo introduced an inhaled vegetable anaesthetic comprised of nitrous oxide that had been uselessly pretreated with botanical material. this misguided concept may have been inspired by homeopathy, but it was also in line with the earlier false belief of elton r. smilie, charles t. jackson, and william t.g. morton that sulfuric ether could volatilize opium at room temp ... | 2018 | 29960674 |