| guild structure and coexistence mechanisms in the parasitoid assemblage associated with a leafminer, coptotriche japoniella (lepidoptera, tischeriidae), on an evergreen tree, eurya japonica (theaceae). | the parasitoid assemblage associated with a lepidopteran leafminer, coptotriche japoniella (tischeriidae), on an evergreen tree, eurya japonica (theaceae), was studied in the center of japan to explore parasitoid coexistence mechanisms. the leafminer supported 12 parasitoid species. eight abundant or common species were classified into five guilds according to their koinobiont/idiobiont mode and host-instar utilization pattern: early larval koinobiont, mid-larval idiobiont, mid-larval-late larva ... | 2008 | 19036202 |
| high male fertility in males of a subdioecious shrub in hand-pollinated crosses. | female reproductive success in females versus hermaphrodites has been well documented. however, documenting a potential advantage in male fertility of male versus hermaphrodite individuals in subdioecious species is also essential for understanding the evolutionary pathway toward dioecy from hermaphroditism via gynodioecy. siring success in terms of fruit set, fruit mass, number of seeds and mean seed mass was compared by hand-pollinated crosses in the subdioecious shrub eurya japonica the polle ... | 2016 | 27658818 |
| sexual differences in chemical composition and aroma-active compounds of essential oil from flower buds of eurya japonica. | this study was conducted to determine the composition of essential oil from buds of male and female eurya japonica flowers and to determine the aroma-active compounds of this plant by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms), sensory evaluation, and odor activity values (oav). the oils contained eighty-five compounds. we identified for the first time forty-four compounds in e. japonica. through sensory evaluation, nineteen aroma-active compounds were identified by gas chromatography-olfactom ... | 2016 | 26972466 |
| characteristic odor components of essential oils from eurya japonica. | the chemical compositions of essential oils from the flower and aerial parts (i.e., leaf and branch) of eurya japonica were determined and quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). a total of 87 and 50 compounds were detected in the oils from the flower and aerial parts, respectively. the main compounds of the flower oil were linalool (14.0%), (9z)-tricosene (12.0%), and nonanal (7.4%). in the oil from the aerial parts, linalool (37.7%), α-terpineol (13.5%), and geraniol (9. ... | 2015 | 25843279 |
| seeds recovered from the droppings at latrines of the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus): the possibility of seed dispersal. | medium-sized carnivorous mammals are important seed dispersers of fleshy fruits. the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) often feeds on fleshy fruits and forms latrines. this behavior may potentially lead to seed dispersal. to determine if this is the case, we studied 1) seed recovery in the droppings of raccoon dogs, and 2) the transportation of seeds between habitats using plastic markers in a western suburb of tokyo, japan. in total, 32,473 seeds of 50 plant taxa were recovered ... | 2015 | 25826064 |
| differences in female reproductive success between female and hermaphrodite individuals in the subdioecious shrub eurya japonica (theaceae). | subdioecy is thought to occupy a transitional position in the gynodioecy-dioecy pathway, explaining one of the evolutionary routes from hermaphroditism to dioecy. quantifying any female reproductive advantage of females versus hermaphrodites is fundamental to examining the spectrum between subdioecy and dioecy; however, this is challenging, as multiple interacting factors, such as pollen limitation and resource availability, affect plant reproduction. we compared the female reproductive success ... | 2015 | 24841823 |
| antiangiogenic activity and pharmacogenomics of medicinal plants from traditional korean medicine. | aim. in the present study, we investigated the antiangiogenic properties of 59 plants used in traditional korean medicine. selected phytochemicals were investigated in more detail for their modes of action. methods. a modified chicken-chorioallantoic-membrane (cam) assay using quail eggs was applied to test for antiangiogenic effects of plant extracts. a molecular docking in silico approached the binding of plant constituents to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2 (vegfr1, v ... | 2013 | 23970927 |
| antioxidant lignans and chromone glycosides from eurya japonica. | four new 8,8',7,2'-lignans, (+)-ovafolinin b-9'-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), (-)-ovafolinin b-9'-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), (+)-ovafolinin e-9'-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), and (-)-ovafolinin e-9'-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (4), two neolignans, eusiderin n (5) and (7s,8r)-3,5,5'-trimethoxy-4',7-epoxy-8,3'-neolignan-9,9'-diol-4-o-β-d-xylopyranoside (6), and two new chromone glycosides, 5,7-dihydroxy-4h-chromen-4-one-3-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (7) and 5,7-dihydroxy-4h-chromen-4-one-3-o-β-d-xylopyranoside (8), ... | 2013 | 23540981 |
| a comparison of fungal endophytic community diversity in tree leaves of rural and urban temperate forests of kanto district, eastern japan. | to clarify the effects of forest fragmentation and a change in tree species composition following urbanization on endophytic fungal communities, we isolated fungal endophytes from the foliage of nine tree species in suburban (kashiwa city, chiba) and rural (mt. wagakuni, ibaraki; mt. takao, tokyo) forests and compared the fungal communities between sites and host tree species. host specificity was evaluated using the index of host specificity (si), and the number of isolated species, total isola ... | 2013 | 23537876 |
| inhibition of premature leaf abscission by a leafminer and its adaptive significance. | we tested the possibility that a lepidopteran leafminer, coptotriche japoniella puplesis and diskus, inhibits the host plant eurya japonica thunberg from abscising mined leaves prematurely to increase its survivorship in immature stage. we monitored abscission patterns of mined leaves with sacrificed larvae, mined leaves with living larvae, and unmined leaves from april to july 2004 and 2005 until leafminers emerged as adults. unmined leaves rarely abscised before july. mined leaves with sacrifi ... | 2007 | 18284779 |
| reproductive investment in male and female eurya japonica (theaceae) at tree and branch levels. | intersexual differences in reproductive investments (ris) (dry mass of reproductive tissue) at tree and branch levels in eurya japonica were examined during two successive years. mean total ris per tree for males and females (adjusted for the mean trunk diameter in the combined sample trees, 25.7 mm) were 3.47 and 5.67 g dry mass. females generally allocated about 1.6 times more biomass per tree to reproduction than males. on the other hand, male total ri per terminal branch averaged 51.6 mg dry ... | 2005 | 21646119 |
| changes in understory species occurrence of a secondary broadleaved forest after mass mortality of oak trees under deer foraging pressure. | the epidemic of mass mortality of oak trees by japanese oak wilt has affected secondary deciduous broadleaved forests that have been used as coppices in japan. the dieback of oak trees formed gaps in the crown that would be expected to enhance the regeneration of shade-intolerant pioneer species. however, foraging by sika deer cervus nippon has also affected forest vegetation, and the compound effects of both on forest regeneration should be considered when they simultaneously occur. a field stu ... | 2016 | 28028480 |
| seasonal variations in water relations in current-year leaves of evergreen trees with delayed greening. | we investigated seasonal patterns of water relations in current-year leaves of three evergreen broad-leaved trees (ilex pedunculosa miq., ligustrum japonicum thunb., and eurya japonica thunb.) with delayed greening in a warm-temperate forest in japan. we used the pressure-volume method to: (1) assess the extent to which seasonal variation in leaf water relations is attributable to leaf development processes in delayed greening leaves versus seasonal variation in environmental variables; and (2) ... | 2006 | 16651252 |