| avian arboviruses of the witless bay seabird sanctuary, newfoundland, canada. | a virologic and serologic survey of arbovirus infections among seabirds and seabird ticks, ixodes uriae, on great island. witless bay, newfoundland, canada, was conducted during 1971 and 1972. kermerovo (great island, bauline) and sakhalin (avalon) group viruses previously reported from birds and/or ticks on great island were prevalent among avian populations, while conclusive evidence of known nonindigenous serotypes was lacking. circumstantial evidence-hemagglutination inhibiting antibody-of a ... | 1976 | 180301 |
| cape wrath: a new kemerovo group orbivirus from ixodes uriae (acari: ixodidae) in scotland. | | 1976 | 189034 |
| pasteurella multocida infections in rockhopper penguins (eudyptes chrysocome) from campbell island, new zealand. | during an investigation into the population decline of rockhopper penguins (eudyptes chrysocome) on campbell island, new zealand, avian cholera (pasteurella multocida) was found in dead adults and chicks. an rna enveloped virus was isolated from ixodes uriae, a tick which commonly parasitizes rockhopper penguins on the island. it is not known whether this virus is virulent for penguins. no evidence was obtained to suggest that avian cholera was the principal cause for the decline in the rockhopp ... | 1990 | 2338734 |
| tick-borne kemerovo group orbiviruses in a newfoundland seabird colony. | five new isolates of kemerovo group viruses were recovered from ixodes uriae collected on great island, witless bay seabird sanctuary, newfoundland, canada, during july 1985. this brings the total number of orbivirus isolates on great island to 18 isolates including the 7 from 1971 and 6 from 1972. genomic segments of several strains were compared by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the degree of variation in each segment of these viruses was calculated. great island and bauline viruses exhib ... | 1988 | 2849499 |
| the isolation of kemerovo group orbiviruses and uukuniemi group viruses of the family bunyaviridae from ixodes uriae ticks from the isle of may, scotland. | viruses isolated from ticks (ixodes uriae) from a seabird colony on the isle of may, scotland, were shown by complement fixation tests to be related to the uukuniemi and kemerovo serogroups. electron microscopic studies on the uukuniemi viruses showed them to have a morphology characteristic of the bunyaviridae, and the kemerovo group to be characteristic of orbiviruses. separate isolates from the two serogroups were distinguished from each other by neutralization tests. | 1985 | 2860796 |
| isolation of orbiviruses and uukuviruses from puffin ticks. | two viruses were isolated from a pool of three female ixodes uriae ticks found on a dead puffin (fratercula arctica) on a beach at arbroath, scotland. complement fixation tests showed that one of the viruses was an orbivirus belonging to the kemerovo serogroup and was related to cape wrath virus. cross-reactions did not occur in neutralisation tests with 4 kemerovo group viruses previously isolated from i. uriae collected in british seabird colonies. the orbivirus was therefore named arbroath vi ... | 1985 | 2860801 |
| a comparison of the induced polypeptides and rnas of three orbiviruses isolated from ticks (ixodes uriae) collected in seabird colonies on the isle of may, scotland. | three orbiviruses of the kemerovo serogroup, isolated from ticks from two sites on the isle of may in scotland, were plaque purified and the proteins and rna induced in vero cells compared. two viruses (mill door/79 and mill door/81) from the same site differed in the migration of at least 7 segments of dsrna. the third virus (north clett/81) was clearly distinguished from mill door/79 and mill door/81 viruses in the migration of 6 dsrna segments. analysis of virus-induced polypeptides demonstra ... | 1986 | 2871729 |
| characterisation of orbiviruses of the kemerovo serogroup: comparison of protein and rna profiles. | nine viruses of the kemerovo serogroup (orbivirus genus; family, reoviridae) isolated from seabird ticks (ixodes uriae and ornithodoros maritimus) from eight different geographical locations (four from scotland, two from morocco, one from eire, one from england, one from the faeroes islands) were examined. all nine viruses produced unique rna electropherotypes but showed a 2 : 4 : 3 : 1 grouping of the ten double-stranded rna segments. the virus-induced proteins were labelled with 35s-methionine ... | 1986 | 2876612 |
| avalon virus, sakhalin group (nairovirus, bunyaviridae) from the seabird tick ixodes (ceratixodes) uriae white 1852 in france. | nine strains of avalon virus were isolated from ixodes uriae ticks collected in the cape sizun seabird reserve, brittany, from 1979 to 1985, during a longitudinal study of consequences of tick-borne infections for kittiwakes (rissa tridactyla). avalon virus strains isolated in france proved difficult to study owing to the weak infectious titres they exhibited in suckling mice or cultured cells. however, some interesting data concerning the ecology of virus infection and the morphology of the vir ... | 1986 | 2878589 |
| the proteins expressed in vivo and in vitro by an orbivirus of the kemerovo serogroup isolated from ixodes uriae ticks from st. abb's head, scotland. | the genome of ft363 virus, a member of the kemerovo serogroup of orbiviruses, was shown to consist of 10 segments of dsrna. examination of the intracellular proteins expressed by this virus in vero cells showed the presence of 9 major and several minor products. similar results were obtained by translation of the virus dsrna in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate. comparison of in vivo and in vitro products by immunoprecipitation using polyclonal ft363 ascitic fluid showed a difference in the numbers o ... | 1985 | 2990388 |
| proteins expressed by mill door/79 virus, a kemerovo serogroup orbivirus transmitted by the ticks ixodes uriae. | mill door/79 virus, an orbivirus of the kemerovo serogroup, great island complex, was shown to induce in infected cells 10 segments of double-stranded rna with a total molecular weight of 11.46 x 10(6) daltons. using methyl mercuric hydroxide as a denaturing agent the double-stranded rna was translated in a cell-free system producing 11 polypeptides, 10 of which co-migrated with those produced in mill door/79 virus infected vero cells. the segments were separated and individually translated in a ... | 1986 | 3015079 |
| characterization of orbiviruses of the kemerovo serogroup: isolations and serological comparisons. | nine orbiviruses of the kemerovo serogroup were isolated from ticks collected in seabird colonies situated in the u.k., faeroe islands, norway, morocco and california, u.s.a. comparison by serological tests with previously reported members of the kemerovo serogroup demonstrated that viruses isolated from the hard tick, ixodes uriae, were members of the great island subgroup, whereas viruses from soft ticks, argas monolakensis and ornithodoros maritimus, belonged to the chenuda subgroup. members ... | 1986 | 3753199 |
| great island and bauline: two new kemerovo group orbiviruses from ixodes uriae in eastern canada. | | 1973 | 4719284 |
| isolation of a group b arbovirus from ixodes uriae collected on three arch rocks national wildlife refuge, oregon. | | 1971 | 5088395 |
| studies on bunyaviridae including zaliv terpeniya virus isolated from ixodes uriae ticks (acarina: ixodidae) in brittany, france. | three viruses were isolated from ticks parasitizing nesting seabirds on cape sizun, brittany, france, during the spring of 1979: soldado like virus (bunyaviridae, nairovirus genus) from ornithodoros (alectorobius) maritimus (argasidae), zaliv terpeniya (zt) virus (bunyaviridae, uukuvirus genus) from ixodes (ceratixodes) uriae (ixodidae) parasitizing chicks of the kittiwake (rissa tridactyla), and a virus of the sakhalin group from i. (c.) uriae. certain virological and ultrastructural properties ... | 1981 | 6173027 |
| mixed infections with tick-borne viruses in a seabird colony in eire. | viruses were isolated from 2 tick species collected from the nesting areas of seabirds on great saltee island, eire. bunyaviruses of the uukuniemi serogroup were isolated from hard ticks (ixodes uriae and i. rothschildi), bunyaviruses of the hughes serogroup from soft ticks (ornithodoros maritimus), and orbiviruses of the kemerovo serogroup from i. uriae and o. maritimus. the results indicate that the bunyaviruses, but not the orbiviruses, show "tick specificity". neutralising activity against m ... | 1984 | 6421266 |
| orbiviruses and bunyaviruses from a seabird colony in scotland. | viruses isolated from ticks (ixodes uriae) and a kittiwake (rissa tridactyla) from a seabird colony at st. abb's head, scotland, were shown by complement fixation tests (cft) to be antigenically related to the uukuniemi and kemerovo serogroups. electron microscopic examination of cell cultures infected with the kemerovo group viruses revealed particles characteristic of orbiviruses, 72 +/- 3 nm in diam., with an inner core 37 +/- 3 nm in diam., in association with intracytoplasmic, densely stain ... | 1981 | 7320703 |
| [tick-borne arboviruses associated with marine birds; a general review (author's transl)]. | about forty different arboviruses have been isolated from ticks associated with marine birds along all the coast of the world. the majority of these viruses belongs to 8 serogroups: hughes, b, kemerovo, quaranfil, nyamanini, sakhalin, unkuniemi and upolu, while some others are non-grouped arboviruses. two kinds of specialized ticks chiefly harbour these arboviruses: 1. the ticks of ornitbodoros capensis complex from tropical, subtropical and temperate zones - 2. the ticks ixodes uriae (= i. putu ... | 1980 | 7442512 |
| a rickettsia-like organism from ixodes uriae ticks collected on the kerguelen islands (french subantarctic territories). | a rickettsia-like microorganism was isolated in suckling mice from ixodes uriae ticks collected from penguins breeding on mayes island, kerguelen archipelago, french subantarctic territories. at isolation, this agent mimicked a tick-borne arbovirus. finally, electron microscopy studies of infected suckling mouse livers showed the presence of inclusions filled with pleomorphic microorganism in the cytoplasm of some hepatocytes, sometimes dividing by binary fission and thus of obviously non-viral ... | 1993 | 8105647 |
| geographical distribution, host associations, and vector roles of ticks (acari: ixodidae, argasidae) in sweden. | this review covers the geographic distribution and host relationships of the tick species in sweden. ixodes uriae white, i. caledonicus nuttall, i. unicavatus neumann, i. arboricola schulze & schlottke, and i. lividus koch are ornithophagous species. i. trianguliceps birula, i. canisuga johnston, i. hexagonus leach, and argas vespertilionis (latreille) are mammalophagous. i. ricinus (l.) and haemaphysalis punctata canestrini & fanzago feed on both birds and mammals. all these tick species may be ... | 1994 | 8189415 |
| a lyme borreliosis cycle in seabirds and ixodes uriae ticks. | the lyme disease spirochaete, borrelia burgdorferi s.l., is the only borrelia known to infect both mammals and birds. the main vertebrate reservoirs of b. burgdorferi are thought to be various small and intermediate size mammals, but the importance of birds as a reservoir has not been thoroughly explored. in the northern and southern hemispheres the seabird tick, ixodes uriae, is prevalent and closely associated with many species of colony-nesting marine birds. here we report the presence of spi ... | 1993 | 8455718 |
| transhemispheric exchange of lyme disease spirochetes by seabirds. | lyme disease is a zoonosis transmitted by ticks and caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. epidemiological and ecological investigations to date have focused on the terrestrial forms of lyme disease. here we show a significant role for seabirds in a global transmission cycle by demonstrating the presence of lyme disease borrelia spirochetes in ixodes uriae ticks from several seabird colonies in both the southern and northern hemispheres. borrelia dna was isolated from i. uriae ... | 1995 | 8586715 |
| molecular polymorphism of the lyme disease agent borrelia garinii in northern europe is influenced by a novel enzootic borrelia focus in the north atlantic. | lyme disease borrelia species are distributed in temperate areas of north america and eurasia. to elucidate the distribution of borreliae in subarctic regions, strains isolated from ixodes ricinus and ixodes uriae ticks found on islands in the northern atlantic and baltic sea were molecularly characterized. all isolates were verified as borrelia garinii by 16s rrna gene analysis and immunoblotting with monoclonal antibodies specific for the outer surface proteins a and c. three ribotypes (rts) o ... | 1996 | 8789017 |
| serum complement sensitivity as a key factor in lyme disease ecology. | the sensitivity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato to animal sera was analyzed. complement-mediated borreliacidal effects were observed with particular combinations of host serum and borrelia genospecies. the species-specific pattern of viability and/or lysis is highly consistent with the pattern of reservoir competence of hosts for b. burgdorferi sensu lato, suggesting a key role of complement in the global ecology of lyme borreliosis. | 1998 | 9488421 |
| a surface-exposed region of a novel outer membrane protein (p66) of borrelia spp. is variable in size and sequence. | a model of the 66-kda outer membrane protein (p66) of lyme disease borrelia spp. predicts a surface-exposed loop near the c terminus. this region contains an antigen commonly recognized by sera from lyme disease patients. in the present study, this region of p66 and homologous proteins of other borrelia spp. were further investigated by using monoclonal antibodies, epitope mapping of p66 of borrelia burgdorferi, and dna sequencing. a monoclonal antibody specific for b. burgdorferi bound to the p ... | 1998 | 9537355 |
| differential transmission of the genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato by game birds and small rodents in england. | the genetic diversity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was assessed in a focus of lyme borreliosis in southern britain dominated by game birds. ticks, rodents, and pheasants were analyzed for spirochete infections by pcr-targeting the 23s-5s rrna genes, followed by genotyping by the reverse line blot method. in questing ixodes ricinus ticks, three genospecies of b. burgdorferi sensu lato were detected, with the highest prevalences found for borrelia garinii and borrelia valaisiana. b. burgdorf ... | 1998 | 9546150 |
| first records of amblyomma americanum, ixodes (ixodes) dentatus, and ixodes (ceratixodes) uriae (acari: ixodidae) from maine. | the first records of 3 ixodid tick species collected in the state of maine are reported. a total of 23 records of the lone star tick, amblyomma americanum (l., 1758), in 11 counties from hosts with no history of travel outside the state demonstrates that this tick is now a resident of maine. ixodes dentatus marx, 1899 is recorded from waldo and lincoln counties, and ixodes uriae white, 1852 is recorded from matinicus rock in knox county. this is the first report of i. uriae from the eastern unit ... | 1998 | 9645873 |
| molecular analysis of sequence heterogeneity among genes encoding decorin binding proteins a and b of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. | immunization of mice with borrelia burgdorferi decorin binding protein a (dbpa), one of two gene products of the dbpba locus, has been shown recently to confer protection against challenge. hyperimmune dbpa antiserum killed a large number of b. burgdorferi sensu lato isolates of diverse phylogeny and origin, suggesting conservation of the protective epitope(s). in order to evaluate the heterogeneity of dbpa and dbpb and to facilitate defining the conserved epitope(s) of these antigens, the seque ... | 1998 | 9784533 |
| isolation of lyme disease borrelia from puffins (fratercula arctica) and seabird ticks (ixodes uriae) on the faeroe islands. | this is the first report on the isolation of lyme disease borrelia from seabirds on the faeroe islands and the characteristics of its enzootic cycle. the major components of the borrelia cycle include the puffin (fratercula arctica) as the reservoir and ixodes uriae as the vector. the importance of this cycle and its impact on the spread of human lyme borreliosis have not yet been established. borrelia spirochetes isolated from 2 of 102 sampled puffins were compared to the borreliae previously o ... | 1999 | 10074497 |
| distribution and abundance of the tick ixodes uriae in a diverse subantarctic seabird community. | at bird island, south georgia, we surveyed the distribution and abundance of ticks on the vertebrate fauna and found only 1 species ixodes uriae. we classified all seabird species into 3 groups: (1) seabirds nesting on the surface of the ground solitarily, in dispersed groups of a few nests, or in colonies with well-spaced nests; (2) seabirds nesting on the surface of the ground in dense colonies; and (3) seabirds nesting in dense colonies in burrows or rock crevices. we detected i. uriae only o ... | 1999 | 10207358 |
| dispersal and distribution of the tick ixodes uriae within and among seabird host populations: the need for a population genetic approach. | the aim of this study was to characterize the spatial distribution of the tick ixodes uriae within and among populations of its seabird hosts and to consider the potential insight that could be gained by a population genetic approach to the issue of dispersal of this tick. analyses of data collected around the avalon peninsula, newfoundland, indicated that both the prevalence and mean abundance of ticks varied significantly among sample locations. whereas ticks were found on all 4 host species e ... | 1999 | 10219295 |
| molecular genetic key for the identification of 17 ixodes species of the united states (acari:ixodidae): a methods model. | a taxonomic key, based on restriction enzyme analysis of the second internal-transcribed spacer (its-2) in the nuclear ribosomal dna gene, was developed for identification of 17 ixodes tick species in the united states. this key includes: ixodes affinis neumann, ixodes angustus neumann, ixodes baergi cooley and kohls, ixodes brunneus koch, ixodes cookei packard, ixodes dentatus marx, ixodes jellisoni cooley and kohls, ixodes kingi bishopp, ixodes minor neumann, ixodes muris bishopp and smith, ix ... | 1999 | 10461941 |
| molecular typing of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato: taxonomic, epidemiological, and clinical implications. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the spirochete that causes human lyme borreliosis (lb), is a genetically and phenotypically divergent species. in the past several years, various molecular approaches have been developed and used to determine the phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity within the lb-related spirochetes and their potential association with distinct clinical syndromes. these methods include serotyping, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, dna-dna reassociation analysis, rrna gene restri ... | 1999 | 10515907 |
| scored antibody reactivity determined by immunoblotting shows an association between clinical manifestations and presence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, b. garinii, b. afzelii, and b. valaisiana in humans. | an immunoglobulin g immunoblot was developed with antigenic extracts of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, b. garinii, b. afzelii, and b. valaisiana genospecies and was reacted with sera from patients with neuroborreliosis, acrodermatitis, and lyme arthritis. a detailed analysis of the reactivities of the protein bands was performed, and a two-step scoring procedure was selected to determine the preferential reactivity of sera to one particular genospecies. the discriminative potential of 5 pro ... | 1999 | 10565936 |
| prevalence of lyme disease borrelia spp. in ticks from migratory birds on the japanese mainland. | borrelia sp. prevalence in ticks on migratory birds was surveyed in central japan. in autumn, a total of 1,733 birds representing 40 species were examined for ticks. a total of 361 ticks were obtained from 173 birds of 15 species, and these ticks were immature haemaphysalis flava (94.4%), haemaphysalis longicornis, ixodes columnae, ixodes persulcatus, ixodes turdus, and an unidentified ixodes species. of these, 27 juveniles of h. flava on turdus pallidus, turdus cardis, or emberiza spodocephala, ... | 2000 | 10698761 |
| genetic diversity of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks from mainland portugal. | to date borrelia lusitaniae is the only genospecies of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolated from ixodes ricinus ticks collected in portugal and tunisia. this suggests that the genospecies diversity of b. burgdorferi sensu lato decreases toward the southwestern margin of its old world subtropical range. in order to further explore the genetic diversity of b. burgdorferi sensu lato from this region, 55 i. ricinus and 27 hyalomma marginatum questing adults, collected during the spring of 1998 f ... | 2000 | 10834965 |
| molecular and pathogenic characterization of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates from spain. | fifteen borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolates from questing ticks and skin biopsy specimens from erythema migrans patients in three different areas of spain were characterized. four different genospecies were found (nine borrelia garinii, including the two human isolates, three b. burgdorferi sensu stricto, two b. valaisiana, and one b. lusitaniae), showing a diverse spectrum of b. burgdorferi sensu lato species. b. garinii isolates were highly variable in terms of pulsed-field gel electropho ... | 2000 | 11060064 |
| arbovirus of marine mammals: a new alphavirus isolated from the elephant seal louse, lepidophthirus macrorhini. | a novel alphavirus was isolated from the louse lepidophthirus macrorhini, collected from southern elephant seals, mirounga leonina, on macquarie island, australia. the virus displayed classic alphavirus ultrastructure and appeared to be serologically different from known australasian alphaviruses. nearly all macquarie island elephant seals tested had neutralizing antibodies against the virus, but no virus-associated pathology has been identified. antarctic division personnel who have worked exte ... | 2001 | 11287559 |
| induced maternal response to the lyme disease spirochaete borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in a colonial seabird, the kittiwake rissa tridactyla. | mothers are predicted to invest in their offspring depending on the quality of their mate, their opportunity to invest in future reproduction and the characteristics of the habitat in which their offspring will be born. recent studies have suggested a transfer of maternal immunity to offspring as an induced response to the local presence of parasites in the environment, but evidence has been indirect. here, we show the presence of antibodies against the lyme disease agent borrelia burgdorferi se ... | 2001 | 11297183 |
| life cycle of the tick ixodes uriae in penguin colonies: relationships with host breeding activity. | a survey of the temporal pattern of population structure and feeding activity of the seabird tick ixodes uriae was conducted for the first time in two host species colonies: king penguin (aptenodytes patagonicus halli) and macaroni penguin (eudyptes chrysolophus chrysolophus). the life cycle of the tick was investigated over 3 years in a king penguin colony and 2 years in a macaroni penguin colony at possession island (crozet archipelago). there was a marked seasonal feeding activity pattern of ... | 2001 | 11429167 |
| phylogeographic relationships of ixodes uriae (acari: ixodidae) and their significance to transequatorial dispersal of borrelia garinii. | the seabird tick ixodes uriae (acari: ixodidae) has a bi- and circumpolar distribution and is commonly infected with lyme disease borrelia. identical borrelia flagellin gene sequences have been detected in i. uriae from both the northern and southern hemispheres, suggesting a transequatorial transport of borrelia. parsimony analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) and a part of 16s rdna of i. uriae from the northern and southern hemispheres indicated that northern and southern i. uri ... | 2001 | 11833281 |
| seasonal correlation of sporadic schizophrenia to ixodes ticks and lyme borreliosis. | background: being born in winter and spring is considered one of the most robust epidemiological risk factors for schizophrenia. the aetiology and exact timing of this birth excess, however, has remained elusive so far. since during phylogeny, borrelia dna has led to multiple germ-line mutations within the cb1 candidate gene for schizophrenia, a meta analysis has been performed of all papers on schizophrenic birth excesses with no less than 3000 cases each. all published numerical data were then ... | 2002 | 12453316 |
| geographical and seasonal correlation of multiple sclerosis to sporadic schizophrenia. | background: clusters by season and locality reveal a striking epidemiological overlap between sporadic schizophrenia and multiple sclerosis (ms). as the birth excesses of those individuals who later in life develop schizophrenia mirror the seasonal distribution of ixodid ticks, a meta analysis has been performed between all neuropsychiatric birth excesses including ms and the epidemiology of spirochaetal infectious diseases. results: the prevalence of ms and schizophrenic birth excesses entirely ... | 2002 | 12537588 |
| host-dependent genetic structure of parasite populations: differential dispersal of seabird tick host races. | despite the fact that parasite dispersal is likely to be one of the most important processes influencing the dynamics and coevolution of host-parasite interactions, little information is available on the factors that affect it. in most cases, opportunities for parasite dispersal should be closely linked to host biology. here we use microsatellite genetic markers to compare the population structure and dispersal of two host races of the seabird tick ixodes uriae at the scale of the north atlantic ... | 2003 | 12683525 |
| birds, migration and emerging zoonoses: west nile virus, lyme disease, influenza a and enteropathogens. | wild birds are important to public health because they carry emerging zoonotic pathogens, either as a reservoir host or by dispersing infected arthropod vectors. in addition, bird migration provides a mechanism for the establishment of new endemic foci of disease at great distances from where an infection was acquired. birds are central to the epidemiology of west nile virus (wnv) because they are the main amplifying host of the virus in nature. the initial spread of wnv in the u.s. along the ea ... | 2003 | 15931279 |
| tick-borne great island virus: (ii) impact of age-related acquired immunity on transmission in a natural seabird host. | tick-borne pathogen transmission is dependent upon tick number per host and the physical and temporal distribution of each feeding stage. age-related acquired immunity to tick and pathogen may also be important but has received less attention. in this study we evaluate which of these parameters has the greatest impact on great island virus (giv) transmission between ixodes uriae ticks and common guillemots (uria aalge). the study system is well suited to investigate age-related effects because t ... | 2006 | 16197591 |
| tick-borne great island virus: (i) identification of seabird host and evidence for co-feeding and viraemic transmission. | great island virus (giv) is an arbovirus present in the tick ixodes uriae, a common ectoparasite of nesting seabirds. common guillemot (uria aalge) and black-legged kittiwake (rissa tridactyla) are the preferred and most abundant hosts of i. uriae on the isle of may, scotland. as part of a study to understand the epidemiology of giv, the ability of guillemot and kittiwake to support tick-borne transmission of giv was examined. giv was present in ticks feeding in isolated guillemot colonies and g ... | 2006 | 16216136 |
| recurrent evolution of host-specialized races in a globally distributed parasite. | the outcome of coevolutionary interactions is predicted to vary across landscapes depending on local conditions and levels of gene flow, with some populations evolving more extreme specializations than others. using a globally distributed parasite of colonial seabirds, the tick ixodes uriae, we examined how host availability and geographic isolation influences this process. in particular, we sampled ticks from 30 populations of six different seabird host species, three in the southern hemisphere ... | 2005 | 16243689 |
| possible ecology and epidemiology of medically important mosquito-borne arboviruses in great britain. | nine different arboviruses are known to be transmitted by, or associated with, mosquitoes in europe, and several (west nile, sindbis and tahyna viruses) are reported to cause outbreaks of human disease. although there have been no reported human cases in great britain (gb), there have been no published in-depth serological surveys for evidence of human infection. this paper investigates the ecological and entomological factors that could influence or restrict transmission of these viruses in gb, ... | 2007 | 16893487 |
| habitat requirements of the seabird tick, ixodes uriae (acari: ixodidae), from the antarctic peninsula in relation to water balance characteristics of eggs, nonfed and engorged stages. | the seabird tick ixodes uriae is exposed to extreme environmental conditions during the off-host phase of its life cycle on the antarctic peninsula. to investigate how this tick resists desiccation, water requirements of each developmental stage were determined. features of i. uriae water balance include a high percentage body water content, low dehydration tolerance limit, and a high water loss rate, which are characteristics that classify this tick as hydrophilic. like other ticks, i. uriae re ... | 2007 | 17115223 |
| borrelia garinii in seabird ticks (ixodes uriae), atlantic coast, north america. | borrelia garinii is the most neurotropic of the genospecies of b. burgdorferi sensu lato that cause lyme disease in europe, where it is transmitted to avian and mammalian reservoir hosts and to humans by ixodes ricinus. b. garinii is also maintained in an enzootic cycle in seabirds by i. uriae, a tick found at high latitudes in both the northern and southern hemispheres. to determine whether b. garinii is present in seabird ticks on the atlantic coast of north america, we examined 261 i. uriae t ... | 2006 | 17326943 |
| fitness increases with partner and neighbour allopreening. | altruism and selfishness are fundamental characteristics of human and animal societies. among colonial biparental species, breeding outcome depends on interactions between mates and neighbours. however, the relationships between cooperation within and among partnerships and fitness have not been fully investigated. we show that in the highly colonial common guillemot (uria aalge), altruistic behaviour (allopreening) towards a mate was positively related to long-term fitness, whereas allopreening ... | 2007 | 17550875 |
| environmental source of candida dubliniensis. | we isolated candida dubliniensis from a nonhuman source, namely, tick samples from an irish seabird colony. the species was unambiguously identifi ed by phenotypic and genotypic means. analysis of the 5.8s rrna gene showed that the environmental isolates belong to c. dubliniensis genotype 1. | 2007 | 17553256 |
| first record of lyme disease borrelia in the arctic. | the epidemiology and ecology of lyme disease is very complex, and its reported geographical distribution is constantly increasing. furthermore, the involvement of birds in long distance dispersal and their role as reservoir hosts is now well established. in this study, we have shown that sea birds in the arctic region of norway carry ixodes uriae ticks infected with lyme disease borrelia garinii spirochetes. interestingly, dna sequencing showed that these isolates are closely related to b. garin ... | 2007 | 17767412 |
| multilocus sequence typing reveals that the population structure of candida dubliniensis is significantly less divergent than that of candida albicans. | the pathogenic yeast candida dubliniensis is phylogenetically very closely related to candida albicans, and both species share many phenotypic and genetic characteristics. dna fingerprinting using the species-specific probe cd25 and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (its) region of the ribosomal gene cluster previously showed that c. dubliniensis is comprised of three major clades comprising four distinct its genotypes. multilocus sequence typing (mlst) has been shown to be ve ... | 2008 | 18057125 |
| interannual dynamics of antibody levels in naturally infected long-lived colonial birds. | little is known about the long-term persistence of specific antibodies (ab) in natural host-parasite systems despite its potential epidemiological and ecological importance. in long-lived species, knowledge of the dynamics of individual immunological profiles can be important not only for interpreting serology results, but also for assessing transmission dynamics and the potential selective pressures acting on parasites. the aim of this paper was to investigate temporal variation in levels of sp ... | 2007 | 18229852 |
| prevalence and diversity of lyme borreliosis bacteria in marine birds. | a potential role of seabirds in spreading lyme disease (lb) spirochetes over large spatial scales was suggested more than 10 years ago when borrelia garinii was observed in marine birds of both hemispheres. since then, there have been few studies examining the diversity of borrelia spp. circulating in seabirds, or the potential interaction between terrestrial and marine disease cycles. to explore these aspects, we tested 402 ixodes uriae ticks collected from five colonial seabird species by ampl ... | 2008 | 18394972 |
| variable exposure and immunological response to lyme disease borrelia among north atlantic seabird species. | colonial seabirds often breed in large aggregations. these individuals can be exposed to parasitism by the tick ixodes uriae, but little is known about the circulation of pathogens carried by this ectoparasite, including lyme disease borrelia. here we investigated the prevalence of antibodies (ab) against borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in seabird species sampled at eight locations across the north atlantic. using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests, we found that the prevalence of anti-borr ... | 2008 | 18577503 |
| ticks associated with macquarie island penguins carry arboviruses from four genera. | macquarie island, a small subantarctic island, is home to rockhopper, royal and king penguins, which are often infested with the globally distributed seabird tick, ixodes uriae. a flavivirus, an orbivirus, a phlebovirus, and a nairovirus were isolated from these ticks and partial sequences obtained. the flavivirus was nearly identical to gadgets gully virus, isolated some 30 year previously, illustrating the remarkable genetic stability of this virus. the nearest relative to the orbivirus (for w ... | 2009 | 19194498 |
| addition of alarm pheromone components improves the effectiveness of desiccant dusts against cimex lectularius. | we demonstrate that the addition of bed bug, cimex lectularius, alarm pheromone to desiccant formulations greatly enhances their effectiveness during short-term exposure. two desiccant formulations, diatomaceous earth (de) and dri-die (silica gel), were applied at the label rate with and without bed bug alarm pheromone components, (e)-2-hexenal, (e)-2-octenal, and a (e)-2-hexenal:(e)-2-octenal blend. first-instar nymphs and adult females were subjected to 10-min exposures, and water loss rates w ... | 2009 | 19496429 |
| complex population structure of lyme borreliosis group spirochete borrelia garinii in subarctic eurasia. | borrelia garinii, a causative agent of lyme borreliosis in europe and asia, is naturally maintained in marine and terrestrial enzootic cycles, which primarily involve birds, including seabirds and migratory passerines. these bird groups associate with, correspondingly, ixodes uriae and ixodes ricinus ticks, of which the latter species may bite and transmit the infection to humans. studies of the overlap between these two natural cycles of b. garinii have been limited, in part due to the absence ... | 2009 | 19513109 |
| genetic differences between avian and human isolates of candida dubliniensis. | when candida dubliniensis isolates obtained from seabird excrement and from humans in ireland were compared by using multilocus sequence typing, 13 of 14 avian isolates were genetically distinct from human isolates. the remaining avian isolate was indistinguishable from a human isolate, suggesting that transmission may occur between humans and birds. | 2009 | 19788816 |
| destruction of spirochete borrelia burgdorferi round-body propagules (rbs) by the antibiotic tigecycline. | persistence of tissue spirochetes of borrelia burgdorferi as helices and round bodies (rbs) explains many erythema-lyme disease symptoms. spirochete rbs (reproductive propagules also called coccoid bodies, globular bodies, spherical bodies, granules, cysts, l-forms, sphaeroplasts, or vesicles) are induced by environmental conditions unfavorable for growth. viable, they grow, move and reversibly convert into motile helices. reversible pleiomorphy was recorded in at least six spirochete genera (>1 ... | 2009 | 19843691 |
| horizontal and vertical movements of host-seeking ixodes pacificus (acari: ixodidae) nymphs in a hardwood forest. | the nymph of the western black-legged tick (ixodes pacificus) is an important bridging vector of the lyme disease spirochete (borrelia burgdorferi) to humans in the far-western united states. the previously unknown dispersal capabilities of this life stage were studied in relation to logs, tree trunks, and adjacent leaf-litter areas in a mixed hardwood forest using mark-release-recapture methods. in two spatially and temporally well-spaced trials involving logs, the estimated mean distances that ... | 2009 | 20352083 |
| wahlund effects and sex-biased dispersal in ixodes ricinus, the european vector of lyme borreliosis: new tools for old data. | population genetics can help us better understand species microevolution and population biology, but inferences made from the genetic polymorphisms of field-collected organisms critically rely on sampling design. the population structure of the tick ixodes ricinus l. (acari, ixodidae), a commonly encountered ectoparasite and the principal vector of human lyme disease in europe, has been the focus of some study, but many ecological aspects of this species remain poorly understood. here, we apply ... | 2010 | 20601167 |
| anaplasma phagocytophilum induces ixodes scapularis ticks to express an antifreeze glycoprotein gene that enhances their survival in the cold. | in the united states, ixodes scapularis ticks overwinter in the northeast and upper midwest and transmit the agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, anaplasma phagocytophilum, among other pathogens. we now show that the presence of a. phagocytophilum in i. scapularis ticks increases their ability to survive in the cold. we identified an i. scapularis antifreeze glycoprotein, designated iafgp, and demonstrated via rnai knockdown studies the importance of iafgp for the survival of i. scapularis ... | 2010 | 20739755 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of the citrus red mite panonychus citri (acari: tetranychidae): high genome rearrangement and extremely truncated trnas. | the family tetranychidae (chelicerata: acari) includes ~1200 species, many of which are of agronomic importance. to date, mitochondrial genomes of only two tetranychidae species have been sequenced, and it has been found that these two mitochondrial genomes are characterized by many unusual features in genome organization and structure such as gene order and nucleotide frequency. the scarcity of available sequence data has greatly impeded evolutionary studies in acari (mites and ticks). informat ... | 2010 | 20969792 |
| peromyscus maniculatus, a possible reservoir host of borrelia garinii, at the gannet islands, newfoundland and labrador. | abstract thirty-five deer mice, peromyscus maniculatus, were trapped on gannet cluster 2 (gc-2), one of a group of islands numbered by convention, of the gannet island archipelago and examined for ectoparasites. one species each of acari (ixodes uriae) and siphonaptera (orchopeas leucopus) were recovered. samples of mice favored males to females (3.4:1). twenty-nine percent (10) of the mice were free of ectoparasites. males were more heavily parasitized than females when both parasites were cons ... | 2011 | 21506809 |
| genetic structure of marine borrelia garinii and population admixture with the terrestrial cycle of lyme borreliosis. | despite the importance of population structure for the epidemiology of pathogenic bacteria, the spatial and ecological heterogeneity of these populations is often poorly characterized. here, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of the lyme borreliosis (lb) spirochaete borrelia garinii in its marine cycle involving colonial seabirds and different host races of the seabird tick ixodes uriae. multilocus sequence analyses (mlsa) on eight chromosomal and two plasmid loci (os ... | 2011 | 21651685 |
| global ecology and epidemiology of borrelia garinii spirochetes. | lyme borreliosis (lb) is a tick-transmitted infectious disease caused by borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s. l.). in europe, three different borrelia species are the main causative agents of lb: b. burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.), borrelia afzelii, and borrelia garinii. the latter depends heavily on birds as its main reservoir hosts. in fact, birds can act both as biological carriers of borrelia and transporters of infected ticks. the seasonal migration of many bird species not only aid in the ... | 2011 | 22957111 |
| tickborne viruses in western north america. ii. yaquina head, a new arbovirus of the kemerovo group isolated from ixodes uriae. | | 2013 | 4719290 |
| larval keys to the genera of ixodidae (acari) and species of ixodes (latreille) ticks established in california. | in california, hard (ixodidae) ticks transmit at least 8 zoonotic disease agents (1 virus, 6 bacteria, 1 protozoan) to humans or other animals. the correct taxonomic identification of all 3 parasitic stages (larvae, nymphs, adults) of ticks is integral to understanding host-tick associations and disease dynamics, but immature ticks, especially the larvae, can be difficult to identify. here, we present larval keys to the 4 genera of ixodidae (dermacentorkoch, 1844; haemaphysaliskoch, 1844; ixodes ... | 2008 | 20027236 |
| cryptic vector divergence masks vector-specific patterns of infection: an example from the marine cycle of lyme borreliosis. | vector organisms are implicated in the transmission of close to a third of all infectious diseases. in many cases, multiple vectors (species or populations) can participate in transmission but may contribute differently to disease ecology and evolution. the presence of cryptic vector populations can be particularly problematic as differences in infection can be difficult to evaluate and may lead to erroneous evolutionary and epidemiological inferences. here, we combine site-occupancy modeling an ... | 2010 | 25567933 |
| meeting the challenges of on-host and off-host water balance in blood-feeding arthropods. | in this review, we describe water balance requirements of blood-feeding arthropods, particularly contrasting dehydration tolerance during the unfed, off-host state and the challenges of excess water that accompany receipt of the bloodmeal. most basic water balance characteristics during the off-host stage are applicable to other terrestrial arthropods, as well. a well-coordinated suite of responses enable arthropods to conserve water resources, enhance their desiccation tolerance, and increase t ... | 2010 | 20206630 |
| it costs to be clean and fit: energetics of comfort behavior in breeding-fasting penguins. | birds may allocate a significant part of time to comfort behavior (e.g., preening, stretching, shaking, etc.) in order to eliminate parasites, maintain plumage integrity, and possibly reduce muscular ankylosis. understanding the adaptive value of comfort behavior would benefit from knowledge on the energy costs animals are willing to pay to maintain it, particularly under situations of energy constraints, e.g., during fasting. we determined time and energy devoted to comfort activities in freely ... | 2011 | 21818253 |
| abiotic and biotic factors associated with tick population dynamics on a mammalian host: ixodes hexagonus infesting otters, lutra lutra. | the eurasian otter, lutra lutra, hosts several parasites with zoonotic potential. as this semiaquatic mammal has large ranges across terrestrial, freshwater and marine habitats, it has the capacity for wide dispersion of pathogens. despite this, parasites of otters have received relatively little attention. here, we examine their ectoparasite load and assess whether this is influenced by abiotic or biotic variables. climatic phenomena such as the north atlantic oscillation (nao) affect weather c ... | 2012 | 23071736 |
| revisiting the clinal concept of evolution and dispersal for the tick-borne flaviviruses by using phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses. | tick-borne flaviviruses (tbf) are widely dispersed across africa, europe, asia, oceania, and north america, and some present a significant threat to human health. seminal studies on tick-borne encephalitis viruses (tbev), based on partial envelope gene sequences, predicted a westward clinal pattern of evolution and dispersal across northern eurasia, terminating in the british isles. we tested this hypothesis using all available full-length open reading frame (orf) tbf sequences. phylogenetic ana ... | 2012 | 22674986 |
| molecular and serological evidence for the circulation of the tick symbiont midichloria (rickettsiales: midichloriaceae) in different mammalian species. | the midichloriaceae is a novel family of the order rickettsiales, that encompasses intracellular bacteria associated with hard ticks (ixodidae) and other arthropods. the most intensively investigated member of this family is midichloria mitochondrii, a symbiotic bacterium of the sheep tick ixodes ricinus, characterized by the capacity of multiplying inside the mitochondria. a recent study suggested that these bacteria might be inoculated into the human host during the tick bite. the purpose of t ... | 2013 | 24330701 |
| borrelia chilensis, a new member of the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex that extends the range of this genospecies in the southern hemisphere. | borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), transmitted by ixodes spp. ticks, is the causative agent of lyme disease. although ixodes spp. ticks are distributed in both northern and southern hemispheres, evidence for the presence of b. burgdorferi s.l. in south america apart from uruguay is lacking. we now report the presence of culturable spirochetes with flat-wave morphology and borrelial dna in endemic ixodes stilesi ticks collected in chile from environmental vegetation and long-tailed rice rats ... | 2013 | 24148079 |
| host specialization in ticks and transmission of tick-borne diseases: a review. | determining patterns of host use, and the frequency at which these patterns change, are of key importance if we are to understand tick population dynamics, the evolution of tick biodiversity, and the circulation and evolution of associated pathogens. the question of whether ticks are typically host specialists or host generalists has been subject to much debate over the last half-century. indeed, early research proposed that morphological diversity in ticks was linked to host specific adaptation ... | 2013 | 24109592 |
| exploring diversity among norwegian borrelia strains originating from ixodes ricinus ticks. | characterisation of borrelia strains from ixodes ricinus ticks is important in the epidemiological surveillance of vector-borne pathogens. multilocus sequences analysis (mlsa) is a molecular genotyping tool with high discriminatory power that has been applied in evolutionary studies and for the characterisation of borrelia genospecies. mlsa was used to study genetic variations in borrelia strains isolated from i. ricinus ticks collected from the woodlands in skodje. the results demonstrate that ... | 2014 | 25243011 |
| population and demographic structure of ixodes scapularis say in the eastern united states. | the most significant vector of tick-borne pathogens in the united states is ixodes scapularis say (the blacklegged tick). previous studies have identified significant genetic, behavioral and morphological differences between northern vs. southern populations of this tick. because tick-borne pathogens are dependent on their vectors for transmission, a baseline understanding of the vector population structure is crucial to determining the risks and epidemiology of pathogen transmission. | 2014 | 25025532 |
| massive infection of seabird ticks with bacterial species related to coxiella burnetii. | seabird ticks are known reservoirs of bacterial pathogens of medical importance; however, ticks parasitizing tropical seabirds have received less attention than their counterparts from temperate and subpolar regions. recently, rickettsia africae was described to infect seabird ticks of the western indian ocean and new caledonia, constituting the only available data on bacterial pathogens associated with tropical seabird tick species. here, we combined a pyrosequencing-based approach with a class ... | 2014 | 24657860 |
| climate change, biodiversity, ticks and tick-borne diseases: the butterfly effect. | we have killed wild animals for obtaining food and decimated forests for many reasons. nowadays, we are burning fossil fuels as never before and even exploring petroleum in deep waters. the impact of these activities on our planet is now visible to the naked eye and the debate on climate change is warming up in scientific meetings and becoming a priority on the agenda of both scientists and policy decision makers. on the occasion of the impact of environmental changes on infectious diseases (iec ... | 2015 | 26835253 |
| comparative population genetics of two invading ticks: evidence of the ecological mechanisms underlying tick range expansions. | two species of ixodid tick, ixodes affinis neumann and amblyomma maculatum koch, are simultaneously expanding their ranges throughout the mid-atlantic region of the us. although we have some understanding of the ecology and life history of these species, the ecological mechanisms governing where and how new populations establish and persist are unclear. to assess population connectivity and ancestry, we sequenced a fragment of the 16s mitochondrial rrna gene from a representative sample of indiv ... | 2015 | 26254575 |
| coxiella detection in ticks from wildlife and livestock in malaysia. | recent studies have shown that ticks harbor coxiella-like bacteria, which are potentially tick-specific endosymbionts. we recently described the detection of coxiella-like bacteria and possibly coxiella burnetii in ticks found from rural areas in malaysia. in the present study, we collected ticks, including haemaphysalis bispinosa, haemaphysalis hystricis, dermacentor compactus, dermacentor steini, and amblyomma sp. from wildlife and domesticated goats from four different locations in malaysia. ... | 2016 | 27763821 |
| the recent evolution of a maternally-inherited endosymbiont of ticks led to the emergence of the q fever pathogen, coxiella burnetii. | q fever is a highly infectious disease with a worldwide distribution. its causative agent, the intracellular bacterium coxiella burnetii, infects a variety of vertebrate species, including humans. its evolutionary origin remains almost entirely unknown and uncertainty persists regarding the identity and lifestyle of its ancestors. a few tick species were recently found to harbor maternally-inherited coxiella-like organisms engaged in symbiotic interactions, but their relationships to the q fever ... | 2015 | 25978383 |
| spatial disaggregation of tick occurrence and ecology at a local scale as a preliminary step for spatial surveillance of tick-borne diseases: general framework and health implications in belgium. | the incidence of tick-borne diseases is increasing in europe. sub national information on tick distribution, ecology and vector status is often lacking. however, precise location of infection risk can lead to better targeted prevention measures, surveillance and control. | 2013 | 23800283 |
| genetic characterization of archived bunyaviruses and their potential for emergence in australia. | to better understand the diversity of bunyaviruses and their circulation in australia, we sequenced 5 viruses (gan gan, trubanaman, kowanyama, yacaaba, and taggert) isolated and serologically identified 4 decades ago as members of the family bunyaviridae. gan gan and trubanaman viruses almost perfectly matched 2 recently isolated, purportedly novel viruses, salt ash and murrumbidgee viruses, respectively. kowanyama and yacaaba viruses were identified as being related to members of a large clade ... | 0 | 27088588 |
| a global genomic characterization of nairoviruses identifies nine discrete genogroups with distinctive structural characteristics and host-vector associations. | nairoviruses are primarily tick-borne bunyaviruses, some of which are known to cause mild-to-severe febrile illness in humans or livestock. we describe the genome sequences of 11 poorly characterized nairoviruses that have ecological associations with either birds (farallon, punta salinas, sapphire ii, zirqa, avalon, clo mor, taggert, and abu hammad viruses), rodents (qalyub and bandia viruses), or camels (dera ghazi khan virus). global phylogenetic analyses of proteins encoded in the l, m, and ... | 2016 | 26903607 |
| a new argasid tick species (acari: argasidae) associated with the rock cavy, kerodon rupestris wied-neuwied (rodentia: caviidae), in a semiarid region of brazil. | the rock cavy kerodon rupestris (wied-neuwied, 1820) is a rodent species endemic to northeastern brazil. earlier studies have associated the argasid tick ornithodoros talaje (guérin-méneville, 1849) with rocky cavy; however, a recent study proposed that o. talaje is not established in brazil, where previous reports of this species were possibly misidentifications of closely related species, yet to be properly determined. here, we describe a new species of ornithodoros koch, 1844 associated with ... | 2016 | 27655282 |
| complete mitochondrial genome sequence data provides genetic evidence that the brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) represents a species complex. | ticks are blood-sucking ectoparasites of great medical and veterinary significance that can transmit bacteria, protozoa, fungi and viruses, and cause a variety of human and animal diseases worldwide. in the present study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of rhipicephalus sanguineus from china (rsc) and compared with that of r. sanguineus from usa (rsu). nucleotide sequence difference in the full mt genome was 11.23% between rsc and rsu. for the 13 protein-coding genes, compari ... | 2013 | 23630448 |
| ornithodoros faccinii n. sp. (acari: ixodida: argasidae) parasitizing the frog thoropa miliaris (amphibia: anura: cycloramphidae) in brazil. | most argasid ticks from the neotropical region are parasites of mammals and birds, with a few records from reptiles. many species of the genus ornithodoros are known only through larval descriptions, and their chaetotaxy and morphological characteristics have been used to separate the taxa. in the present study, we describe the larva and the nymph of first instar of a new species of the genus ornithodoros that was collected from frogs of the species thoropa miliaris. | 2015 | 25963542 |
| tick-box for 3'-end formation of mitochondrial transcripts in ixodida, basal chelicerates and drosophila. | according to the trna punctuation model, the mitochondrial genome (mtdna) of mammals and arthropods is transcribed as large polycistronic precursors that are maturated by endonucleolytic cleavage at trna borders and rna polyadenylation. starting from the newly sequenced mtdna of ixodes ricinus and using a combination of mitogenomics and transcriptional analyses, we found that in all currently-sequenced tick lineages (prostriata, metastriata and argasidae) the 3'-end of the polyadenylated nad1 an ... | 2012 | 23077630 |
| ticks and rickettsiae from wildlife in belize, central america. | the agents of spotted fevers in latin america are rickettsia rickettsii, r. parkeri, rickettsia sp. strain atlantic rainforest, and r. massiliae. in continental central america, r. rickettsii remains the only known pathogenic tick-borne rickettsia. in the present study, ticks were collected from wild mammals in natural areas of belize. besides providing new data of ticks from belize, we investigated rickettsial infection in some of these ticks. our results provide ticks harboring rickettsial age ... | 2016 | 26831147 |
| genomic characterization of the genus nairovirus (family bunyaviridae). | nairovirus, one of five bunyaviral genera, includes seven species. genomic sequence information is limited for members of the dera ghazi khan, hughes, qalyub, sakhalin, and thiafora nairovirus species. we used next-generation sequencing and historical virus-culture samples to determine 14 complete and nine coding-complete nairoviral genome sequences to further characterize these species. previously unsequenced viruses include abu mina, clo mor, great saltee, hughes, raza, sakhalin, soldado, and ... | 2016 | 27294949 |
| babesia ugwidiensis, a new species of avian piroplasm from phalacrocoracidae in south africa. | a new species of haematozoa, babesia ugwidiensis sp. nov. from a cormorant is described. this is the first species of piroplasm to be recorded from the phalacrocoracidae and the relationship of this parasite to other babesia spp. from marine hosts is discussed. | 0 | 23193522 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of pseudocellus pearsei (chelicerata: ricinulei) and a comparison of mitochondrial gene rearrangements in arachnida. | mitochondrial genomes are widely utilized for phylogenetic and population genetic analyses among animals. in addition to sequence data the mitochondrial gene order and rna secondary structure data are used in phylogenetic analyses. arachnid phylogeny is still highly debated and there is a lack of sufficient sequence data for many taxa. ricinulei (hooded tickspiders) are a morphologically distinct clade of arachnids with uncertain phylogenetic affinities. | 2007 | 17961221 |
| characterization of the uukuniemi virus group (phlebovirus: bunyaviridae): evidence for seven distinct species. | evolutionary insights into the phleboviruses are limited because of an imprecise classification scheme based on partial nucleotide sequences and scattered antigenic relationships. in this report, the serologic and phylogenetic relationships of the uukuniemi group viruses and their relationships with other recently characterized tick-borne phleboviruses are described using full-length genome sequences. we propose that the viruses currently included in the uukuniemi virus group be assigned to five ... | 2013 | 23283959 |
| analyses of mitochondrial genes reveal two sympatric but genetically divergent lineages of rhipicephalus appendiculatus in kenya. | the ixodid tick rhipicephalus appendiculatus transmits the apicomplexan protozoan parasite theileria parva, which causes east coast fever (ecf), the most economically important cattle disease in eastern and southern africa. recent analysis of micro- and minisatellite markers showed an absence of geographical and host-associated genetic sub-structuring amongst field populations of r. appendiculatus in kenya. to assess further the phylogenetic relationships between field and laboratory r. appendic ... | 2016 | 27334334 |