| the population structure of an australian reptile tick, aponomma hydrosauri (acari: ixodidae). i. evidence from an esterase polymorphism. | | 1976 | 978684 |
| interspecific differences in the movements of female ticks on reptiles. | movements of females of two reptile ticks, amblyomma limbatum and aponomma hydrosauri were studied to determine whether the behaviour of the species on hosts was similar or different. experiments were conducted to determine if the movement of females on hosts prior to mating was influenced by the delayed attachment of conspecific males. a field experiment was also undertaken to determine whether data obtained during laboratory experiments reflected the behaviour of females on hosts in the field. ... | 1992 | 1587690 |
| a comparison of the reproductive parameters of females of two reptile tick species. | in comparisons of females of two reptile tick species aponomma hydrosauri and amblyomma limbatum, ap. hydrosauri was initially larger, and after mating on the host engorged faster and remained attached for a shorter time before completing engorgement and detaching. amb. limbatum had a longer period of engorgement, and achieved a greater engorged weight. engorged amb. limbatum females laid significantly more eggs than equivalent sized ap. hydrosauri. although the two species are ecologically simi ... | 1991 | 1787031 |
| reproductive interactions between two australian reptile tick species. | in south australia the two tick species amblyomma limbatum and aponomma hydrosauri share the same common reptile host species, but have allopatric distributions which abut along a narrow parapatric boundary. reproductive interference is a mechanism that has previously been suggested could contribute to maintaining the boundary. populations of each species were established in pens within the range of aponomma hydrosauri. pens held either each species alone, or the two species together. the perfor ... | 1994 | 7628259 |
| host-seeking behaviour by australian ticks (acari: ixodidae) with differing host specificities. | ticks generally detach from their hosts into sites where they are later exposed to host species which may or may not be suitable for infestation. the question of how four species of ixodid ticks, with differing specificities, behave towards such potential host species was examined. observations of the generalists, aponomma hydrosauri and amblyomma limbatum and the specialists, aponomma fimbriatum and aponomma concolor, showed that the generalists were attracted to a wider range of potential host ... | 1995 | 7641569 |
| influence of environmental factors on oviposition and egg development in amblyomma limbatum and aponomma hydrosauri (acari: ixodidae). | this study examined the influence of temperature and light on the length of the pre-oviposition period of engorged females of two australian ixodid ticks, amblyomma limbatum and aponomma hydrosauri. the hatching success and development time of eggs of both species were also compared at different temperatures and relative humidities. darkness was found to have no effect on the duration of the pre-oviposition time or reproductive output of females of either species. in contrast, the preoviposition ... | 1994 | 8021110 |
| transmission of the blood parasite hemolivia mariae between its lizard and tick hosts. | the haemogregarine hemolivia mariae is found in the erythrocytes of a natural population of the lizard tiliqua rugosa. it infects two tick species, amblyomma limbatum and aponomma hydrosauri, which parasitise lizards. in laboratory experiments, engorged amb. limbatum nymphs from infected lizards transmitted the haemogregarine to uninfected lizards significantly more often than engorged ap. hydrosauri nymphs. dissections of larvae and nymphs of both species fed on the same infected hosts showed t ... | 1999 | 10494815 |
| influence of temperature and relative humidity on the moulting success of amblyomma limbatum and aponomma hydrosauri (acari: ixodidae) larvae and nymphs. | this study compared the duration of the moulting periods of engorged larvae and nymphs of the ixodid ticks, amblyomma limbatum and aponomma hydrosauri, at different temperature/relative humidity regimes, and examined the relationships between the engorged weight of ticks and their weights after moulting. the results showed that for each species, there was a significant relationship between the weights of unfed nymphs and engorged larvae, and the weights of unfed adults and engorged nymphs. the w ... | 2000 | 10980285 |
| temporal and spatial dynamics of a parapatric boundary between two australian reptile ticks. | two tick species aponomma hydrosauri and amblyomma limbatum that infest large reptiles have an abrupt parapatric boundary near mt mary in south australia. a previous model has suggested that the boundary is maintained at population density troughs resulting from habitat heterogeneity along a gradual environmental gradient. this paper describes the dynamics of the boundary on three transects over 17 years, 1982-98. over the last seven years of that period there has been a significant increase in ... | 2001 | 11298975 |
| rickettsia honei: a spotted fever group rickettsia on three continents. | rickettsia honei (also known as strain tt-118) has been detected on three continents. originally isolated in thailand in 1962 (and confirmed in 2001), it has also been detected on flinders island (australia) in 1993 and in texas (usa) in 1998. on each continent it has been associated with a different species of tick. the original isolate (thai tick typhus strain tt-118) was from a pool of larval ixodes and rhipicephalus ticks. later it was detected in i. granulatus from rattus rattus. its pathog ... | 2003 | 12860601 |
| ultrastructural and genetic evidence of a reptilian tick, aponomma hydrosauri, as a host of rickettsia honei in australia: possible transovarial transmission. | in 1993, a novel rickettsia was isolated from the blood of inhabitants of flinders island, australia, with acute febrile illnesses. this rickettsia was found to be a new species of spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsia, eventually named rickettsia honei. the suspected ectoparasite vector of this rickettsia has yet to be identified. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of this rickettsial species in a suspected tick vector, aponomma hydrosauri, by dna sequencing and electron micr ... | 2003 | 12860602 |
| aponomma hydrosauri, the reptile-associated tick reservoir of rickettsia honei on flinders island, australia. | rickettsia honei is the etiologic agent of flinders island (australia) spotted fever. the tick aponomma hydrosauri is associated with reptiles and is the arthropod reservoir for this rickettsia on flinders island. the rickettsia appears to be maintained in the tick via vertical transmission. of 46 ticks examined, 29 (63%) were positive for spotted fever group rickettsiae by detection of the citrate synthase gene by a polymerase chain reaction (pcr). from the positive tick samples, seven were seq ... | 2003 | 14628950 |
| a new focus of rickettsia honei spotted fever in south australia. | we recently diagnosed rickettsial spotted fever in four patients from the south-eastern coastal region of south australia near adelaide, an area not known to be endemic for this infection. all infections were acquired within the geographic range of aponomma hydrosauri, the tick vector of rickettsia honei. infection by r. honei was confirmed in two patients. this extension of the known geographic range of r. honei infection may be explained, in part, by alterations in host-parasite ecology. | 2005 | 15748134 |
| not only 'flinders island' spotted fever. | to demonstrate that flinders island spotted fever (fisf), a spotted fever group rickettsial infection caused by rickettsia honei, is found not only on flinders island (bass strait), tasmania, but elsewhere in south-east australia. | 2005 | 16175900 |
| tick-borne rickettsioses around the world: emerging diseases challenging old concepts. | during most of the 20th century, the epidemiology of tick-borne rickettsioses could be summarized as the occurrence of a single pathogenic rickettsia on each continent. an element of this paradigm suggested that the many other characterized and noncharacterized rickettsiae isolated from ticks were not pathogenic to humans. in this context, it was considered that relatively few tick-borne rickettsiae caused human disease. this concept was modified extensively from 1984 through 2005 by the identif ... | 2005 | 16223955 |
| "candidatus rickettsia kellyi," india. | we report the first laboratory-confirmed human infection due to a new rickettsial genotype in india, "candidatus rickettsia kellyi," in a 1-year-old boy with fever and maculopapular rash. the diagnosis was made by serologic testing, polymerase chain reaction detection, and immunohistochemical testing of the organism from a skin biopsy specimen. | 2006 | 16704788 |
| flinders island spotted fever rickettsioses caused by "marmionii" strain of rickettsia honei, eastern australia. | australia has 4 rickettsial diseases: murine typhus, queensland tick typhus, flinders island spotted fever, and scrub typhus. we describe 7 cases of a rickettsiosis with an acute onset and symptoms of fever (100%), headache (71%), arthralgia (43%), myalgia (43%), cough (43%), maculopapular/petechial rash (43%), nausea (29%), pharyngitis (29%), lymphadenopathy (29%), and eschar (29%). cases were most prevalent in autumn and from eastern australia, including queensland, tasmania, and south austral ... | 2007 | 17553271 |
| rickettsia sp. in ixodes granulatus ticks, japan. | | 2008 | 19046539 |
| unique biological rhythm in the reproductive behaviour of female ticks of reptiles. | we report the discovery of a biological rhythm in the reproductive behaviour of the tick bothriocroton hydrosauri that was absent in amblyomma limbatum, a species that occurs on the same species of reptile host. female b. hydrosauri mated in autumn or winter delayed oviposition until the following spring, while there was no diapause in conspecific females mated in spring or early summer. initiation of ovipositional diapause in ticks is usually related to photoperiodic stimuli, but this was not t ... | 2009 | 19126271 |
| the relationship between spotted fever group rickettsiae and ixodid ticks. | spotted fever group rickettsiae are predominantly transmitted by ticks. rickettsiae have developed many strategies to adapt to different environmental conditions, including those within their arthropod vectors and vertebrate hosts. the tick-rickettsiae relationship has been a point of interest for many researchers, with most studies concentrating on the role of ticks as vectors. unfortunately, less attention has been directed towards the relationship of rickettsiae with tick cells, tissues, and ... | 2009 | 19358804 |
| Rickettsia honei infection in human, Nepal, 2009. | We report a case of Rickettsia honei infection in a human in Nepal. The patient had severe illness and many clinical features typical of Flinders Island spotted fever. Diagnosis was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescent assay with serum and molecular biological techniques. Flinders Island spotted fever may be an endemic rickettsiosis in Nepal. | 2011 | 22000356 |
| locomotor performance of sand lizards (lacerta agilis): effects of predatory pressure and parasite load. | locomotor performance affects foraging efficiency, predator avoidance and consequently fitness. agility and speed determine the animal's social status and reflect its condition. in this study, we test how predatory pressure and parasite load influences locomotor performance of wild specimens of the sand lizard lacerta agilis. animals were chased on a 2-metre racetrack. lizards with autotomy ran significantly faster than lizards with an intact tail, but there was no significant difference in runn ... | 2013 | 24052686 |
| novel borrelia species detected in echidna ticks, bothriocroton concolor, in australia. | to date, little has been documented about microorganisms harboured within australian native ticks or their pathogenic potential. recently, a borrelia sp. related to the relapsing fever (rf) group was identified in a single tick removed from a wild echidna (tachyglossus aculeatus). the present study investigated the presence of borrelia in 97 bothriocroton concolor ticks parasitizing echidnas in queensland, new south wales, and victoria, australia, using nested pcr with borrelia-specific primers ... | 2016 | 27301754 |
| update on tick-borne rickettsioses around the world: a geographic approach. | tick-borne rickettsioses are caused by obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the spotted fever group of the genus rickettsia. these zoonoses are among the oldest known vector-borne diseases. however, in the past 25 years, the scope and importance of the recognized tick-associated rickettsial pathogens have increased dramatically, making this complex of diseases an ideal paradigm for the understanding of emerging and reemerging infections. several species of tick-borne rickettsiae that wer ... | 0 | 24092850 |
| a survey of ticks (acari: ixodidae) of companion animals in australia. | ticks are among the most important vectors of pathogens affecting companion animals, and also cause health problems such as tick paralysis, anaemia, dermatitis, and secondary infections. twenty ixodid species have previously been recorded on dogs, cats, and horses in australia, including rhipicephalus sanguineus, ixodes holocyclus and haemaphysalis longicornis, which transmit tick-borne diseases. a survey of hard ticks (acari: ixodidae) was conducted during 2012-2015 to investigate tick species ... | 2016 | 27160149 |
| detection of rickettsia and ehrlichia spp. in ticks associated with exotic reptiles and amphibians imported into japan. | one of the major routes of transmission of rickettsial and ehrlichial diseases is via ticks that infest numerous host species, including humans. besides mammals, reptiles and amphibians also carry ticks that may harbor rickettsia and ehrlichia strains that are pathogenic to humans. furthermore, reptiles and amphibians are exempt from quarantine in japan, thus facilitating the entry of parasites and pathogens to the country through import. accordingly, in the current study, we examined the presen ... | 2015 | 26207382 |
| molecular evidence of potential novel spotted fever group rickettsiae, anaplasma and ehrlichia species in amblyomma ticks parasitizing wild snakes. | amblyomma ticks parasitize a wide range of animals in tropical regions. this study describes the identification of amblyomma ticks from wild snakes in malaysia and the detection of potential human pathogens such as rickettsia, anaplasma, ehrlichia and bartonellae in the ticks. | 2015 | 25889376 |
| detection of theileria orientalis genotypes in haemaphysalis longicornis ticks from southern australia. | theileria are blood-borne intracellular protozoal parasites belonging to the phylum apicomplexa. previously considered a benign parasite in australia, outbreaks of clinical disease resulting from theileria orientalis genotypes have been reported in australia since 2006. since this time, outbreaks have become widespread in south-eastern australia, resulting in significant adverse impacts on local dairy and beef industries. this paper provides the first investigation into the possible biological a ... | 2015 | 25889204 |
| modelling transmission of vector-borne pathogens shows complex dynamics when vector feeding sites are limited. | the relationship between species richness and the prevalence of vector-borne disease has been widely studied with a range of outcomes. increasing the number of host species for a pathogen may decrease infection prevalence (dilution effect), increase it (amplification), or have no effect. we derive a general model, and a specific implementation, which show that when the number of vector feeding sites on each host is limiting, the effects on pathogen dynamics of host population size are more compl ... | 2012 | 22590597 |
| rickettsia detected in the reptile tick bothriocroton hydrosauri from the lizard tiliqua rugosa in south australia. | rickettsiosis is a potentially fatal tick borne disease. it is caused by the obligate intracellular bacteria rickettsia, which is transferred to humans through salivary excretions of ticks during the biting process. globally, the incidence of tick-borne diseases is increasing; as such, there is a need for a greater understanding of tick-host interactions to create more informed risk management strategies. flinders island spotted fever rickettsioses has been identified throughout australia (tasma ... | 2016 | 27338482 |
| tick infestation patterns in free ranging african buffalo (syncercus caffer): effects of host innate immunity and niche segregation among tick species. | ticks are of vast importance to livestock health, and contribute to conflicts between wildlife conservation and agricultural interests; but factors driving tick infestation patterns on wild hosts are not well understood. we studied tick infestation patterns on free-ranging african buffalo (syncercus caffer), asking (i) is there evidence for niche segregation among tick species?; and (ii) how do host characteristics affect variation in tick abundance among hosts? we identified ticks and estimated ... | 2012 | 24533310 |
| experimental infection of cotton rats and bobwhite quail with rickettsia parkeri. | amblyomma maculatum is the primary vector for rickettsia parkeri, a spotted fever group rickettsia (sfgr) and human pathogen. cotton rats and quail are known hosts for larval and nymphal a. maculatum; however, the role of these hosts in the ecology of r. parkeri is unknown. | 2013 | 23497681 |
| testing the robustness of transmission network models to predict ectoparasite loads. one lizard, two ticks and four years. | we investigated transmission pathways for two tick species, bothriocroton hydrosauri and amblyomma limbatum, among their sleepy lizard (tiliqua rugosa) hosts in a natural population in south australia. our aim was to determine whether a transmission network model continued to predict parasite load patterns effectively under varying ecological conditions. using gps loggers we identified the refuge sites used by each lizard on each day. we estimated infectious time windows for ticks that detached ... | 2013 | 24533346 |
| widespread horizontal transfer of retrotransposons. | in higher organisms such as vertebrates, it is generally believed that lateral transfer of genetic information does not readily occur, with the exception of retroviral infection. however, horizontal transfer (ht) of protein coding repetitive elements is the simplest way to explain the patchy distribution of bovb, a long interspersed element (line) about 3.2 kb long, that has been found in ruminants, marsupials, squamates, monotremes, and african mammals. bovb sequences are a major component of s ... | 2012 | 23277587 |
| breakdown of phylogenetic signal: a survey of microsatellite densities in 454 shotgun sequences from 154 non model eukaryote species. | microsatellites are ubiquitous in eukaryotic genomes. a more complete understanding of their origin and spread can be gained from a comparison of their distribution within a phylogenetic context. although information for model species is accumulating rapidly, it is insufficient due to a lack of species depth, thus intragroup variation is necessarily ignored. as such, apparent differences between groups may be overinflated and generalizations cannot be inferred until an analysis of the variation ... | 2012 | 22815847 |
| the use of body condition and haematology to detect widespread threatening processes in sleepy lizards (tiliqua rugosa) in two agricultural environments. | agricultural practices, including habitat alteration and application of agricultural chemicals, can impact wildlife resulting in their decline. determining which of these practices are contributing to declines is essential if the declines are to be reversed. in this study, the health of two geographically separated sleepy lizard (tiliqua rugosa) populations was compared between a rangeland environment and cropping environment using linear body size index (lbsi) and haematology. animals in the cr ... | 2014 | 26064571 |
| genomic comparison of rickettsia honei strain rbt and other rickettsia species. | rickettsia honei strain rb(t) was isolated from a febrile patient on flinders island, australia, in 1991 and has been demonstrated to be the agent of flinders island spotted fever, a disease transmitted to humans by ticks. the comparison of this 1.27-mb genome with other rickettsia genomes provides additional insight into the mechanisms of evolution in rickettsia species. | 0 | 22815457 |
| the impact of tick parasites on the behaviour of the lizard tiliqua rugosa. | populations of the australian sleepy lizard, tiliqua rugosa, near mt. mary, south australia carry natural infestations of two tick species aponomma hydrosauri and amblyomma limbatum. in field experiments at two sites, 18 km apart, lizards with experimentally increased tick loads had smaller home ranges, moved shorter distances in a day, and were found basking more but moving less often than lizards from which ticks were experimentally removed. the results were consistent for adult lizards in two ... | 2000 | 28308351 |
| the impact of tick load on the fitness of their lizard hosts. | a survey was conducted of natural populations of the sleepy lizard tiliqua rugosa in south australia to determine whether infestation by ectoparasitic ticks reduced their fitness. between 1982 and 1990, 2183 captures of 824 individual lizards were made in an area where they were infested by the tick aponomma hydrosauri, and 3668 captures of 586 individual lizards were made in an area where they were infested with the tick amblyomma limbatum. lizards with high tick loads in one year tended to hav ... | 1993 | 28313658 |
| niche segregation in reptile ticks: attachment sites and reproductive success of females. | this study examined whether the mating or feeding success of females of two tick species, amblyomma limbatum and aponomma hydrosauri, is influenced by their site of attachment on a host. marked interspecific differences were detected in the preferred sites of attachment of females to their common host, the sleepy lizard tiliqua rugosa, with amb. limbatum found predominantly in the ears and on the lower back, while ap. hydrosauri preferred to attach under the forelimbs and on the midback. data fr ... | 1992 | 28313721 |
| no competition for resources between two tick species at their parapatric boundary. | aponomma hydrosauri and amblyomma limbatum are tick species with the same major host species, the sleepy lizard trachydosaurus rugosus, but parapatric distributions in south australia. near mt. mary one species is abruptly replaced by the other over one kilometre. there is substantial overlap in feeding sites on the hosts. this suggested that interspecific competition, during feeding, may be an important mechanism preventing further overlap of the distributions of the two species. however, in th ... | 1989 | 28313492 |
| mating behaviour and parapatry in two species of australian reptile tick. | few quantitative studies have examined the ecological consequences of similarities and/or differences in mating behaviour of parapatric species. reproductive interference occurs between several parapatric species of australian reptile tick, due to similarities in their mating behaviour (andrews et al. 1982a). attempts to determine whether reproductive interference serves to maintain parapatry between amblyomma limbatum and aponomma hydrosauri have been hindered because of difficulties in providi ... | 1988 | 28311848 |
| the influence of similar aggregation pheromones on the microhabitat choice of two parapatric species of reptile tick (acari: ixodidae). | non-specificity of part of the sex pheromone system of three species of reptile tick has previously been suggested to result in reproductive interference between the species when they attach to the same host (andrews et al. 1982). two of the species, aponomma hydrosauri and amblyomma limbatum, have common aggregation pheromones which act when the ticks are detached from their hosts. as each species tends to occupy spatially separated microhabitats, the similarity of the aggregation pheromone cou ... | 1982 | 28309977 |
| using social networks to deduce whether residents or dispersers spread parasites in a lizard population. | 1. heterogeneity of host behaviour can play an important role in the spread of parasites and pathogens around wildlife populations. social networks have previously been suggested to represent transmission pathways within a population, but where the dynamics of host-parasite interactions are difficult to observe, networks may also be used to provide insights into transmission processes. 2. pygmy bluetongue lizards, tiliqua adelaidensis, occupy individual territories, live exclusively in burrows c ... | 2011 | 21644975 |
| molecular genetic data provide support for a model of transmission dynamics in an australian reptile tick, bothriocroton hydrosauri. | bothriocroton hydrosauri is a three-host ixodid tick that infests large reptiles in southeastern australia, where its most common host is a large scincid lizard tiliqua rugosa. based on previous ecological and behavioural studies of this system, we propose a 'ripple' model of tick population dynamics, where only a few female ticks succeed in producing surviving offspring. these females then are the centres of ripples of their progeny spreading into the broader landscape. the model predicts highe ... | 2009 | 19192177 |
| permanent genetic resources: development of microsatellite markers and analysis of their inheritance in the australian reptile tick, bothriocroton hydrosauri. | despite long-term study, the mechanism explaining the parapatric distribution of two australian reptile tick species is not understood. we describe the development of primers amplifying 10 microsatellite bothriocroton hydrosauri loci, for the study of population structure and dispersal patterns of this tick. the numbers of alleles per locus ranged from two to seven in ticks from the study site, and the observed heterozygosity between 0.28 and 0.69. pedigree analysis indicates that one locus is i ... | 2008 | 21585816 |
| tick-borne infectious diseases in australia. | tick bites in australia can lead to a variety of illnesses in patients. these include infection, allergies, paralysis, autoimmune disease, post-infection fatigue and australian multisystem disorder. rickettsial (rickettsia spp.) infections (queensland tick typhus, flinders island spotted fever and australian spotted fever) and q fever (coxiella burnetii) are the only systemic bacterial infections that are known to be transmitted by tick bites in australia. three species of local ticks transmit b ... | 2017 | 28403767 |
| lizards, ticks and contributions to australian parasitology: c. michael bull (1947-2016). | professor c. michael bull was a great scientist and mentor, and an associate editor of this journal. while his research career spanned the fields of behavioural ecology, conservation biology and herpetology, in this article, we pay tribute to his major contribution to australian parasitology. mike authored more than eighty articles on host-parasite ecology, and revealed major insights into the biology and ecology of ticks from his long term study of the parapatric boundary of two tick species (a ... | 2017 | 28971015 |
| niche changes between parasite populations: an example from ticks on reptiles. | two australian tick species aponomma hydrosauri and amblyomma albolimbatum have the same major host species, the lizard trachydosaurus rugosus. while females of amb. albolimbatum are most often attached in the ears and on the neck of their hosts, ap. hydrosauri females prefer to attach further back, under the forearms and on the back. males show the same interspecific difference but there is also a difference between populations. ap. hydrosauri males from populations in contact with amb. albolim ... | 1982 | 28309905 |
| reproductive interference between three parapatric species of reptile tick. | reproductive interference between three species of reptile tick, aponomma hydrosauri, amblyomma albolimbatum and amb. limbatum was investigated. adults of two species attach together on the same lizard hosts in narrow overlap zones at parapatric boundaries between species, providing opportunities for interference. the possibility of reproductive interference was suggested because of similarities in the sexual communication systems.three forms of interference were found in laboratory experiments. ... | 1982 | 28310522 |
| competition for sites of attachment to hosts in three parapatric species of reptile tick. | competition for sites of attachment to hosts by three species of reptile tick, aponomma hydrosauri, amblyomma albolimbatum and amb. limbatum was investigated as a possible cause for the parapatric distributions found in these species throughout southern australia. two localities were chosen for detailed study; a boundary between ap. hydrosauri and amb. limbatum near mt. mary in the mid-north of south australia and a boundary between ap. hydrosauri and amb. albolimbatum near arno bay on the eyre ... | 1981 | 28310087 |