| [isolation of ilheus virus in french guyana]. | this is the first case in man of ilheus virus infection in french guyana. we noted the mild febrile illness in this case. this strain of virus was shown to be closely related to ilheus virus. the serological reactions are reported. | 1979 | 535114 |
| the isolation of ilhéus virus from man in panamá. | | 1967 | 4378148 |
| unusual membrane formations in hep-2 cells infected with ilheus virus. | | 1973 | 4734546 |
| isolation of ilhéus virus from man in colombia. | | 1968 | 5637016 |
| ilheus virus (flaviviridae, flavivirus) is closely related to japanese encephalitis virus complex. | the ilheus (ilh) virus has long been known to belong to group b of the arboviruses. previous attempts to relate it to existing serogroups within the flavivirus genus using conventional serological techniques such as hemagglutination inhibition, neutralization and complement fixation tests have been inconclusive. we have first used denaturing gel electrophoresis to estimate the molecular weight of immunoprecipitated radiolabeled viral proteins and the cross-reactivity among ilh proteins and hyper ... | 1997 | 9612722 |
| human disease caused by an arbovirus closely related to ilheus virus: report of five cases. | we report five cases of human disease caused by arbovirus in 5 patients from the state of são paulo, brazil, residing in the municipalities of osasco, atibaia, guarujá, and the capital são paulo, respectively. one of the patients resides in são luis, capital of the state of maranhão. the sites of infection probably were the states of paraná and goiás, both in cave regions, the state of amazonas, and rondônia in two cases. laboratory tests for malaria were negative and 1 patient showed a positive ... | 1997 | 9612726 |
| identification of brazilian flaviviruses by a simplified reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method using flavivirus universal primers. | we report a simplified reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) method for identification of brazilian flaviviruses based on the patterns of electrophoretic separation of the amplicons. the rt-pcr was done on the culture fluids of aedes albopictus c6/36 cells infected with brazilian flaviviruses, without previous extraction of viral rna, using flavivirus universal primers that anneal to highly conserved sequences within the nonstructural protein 5 and 3'- non translated region of ... | 1998 | 9749625 |
| [ilheus arbovirus in wild birds (sporophila caerulescens and molothrus bonariensis)]. | to report the first ilheus arboviruses isolated from wild birds and analyze its public health impact. | 2001 | 11359196 |
| epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of serum antibodies to west nile virus in multiple avian species. | we report the development of epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) for the rapid detection of serum antibodies to west nile virus (wnv) in taxonomically diverse north american avian species. a panel of flavivirus-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) was tested in blocking assays with serum samples from wnv-infected chickens and crows. selected mabs were further tested against serum samples from birds that represented 16 species and 10 families. serum samples were collecte ... | 2003 | 12624027 |
| epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of west nile virus antibodies in domestic mammals. | we evaluated the ability of epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) to detect west nile virus (wnv) antibodies in domestic mammals. sera were collected from experimentally infected horses, cats, and pigs at regular intervals and screened in elisas and plaque reduction neutralization tests. the diagnostic efficacies of these techniques were similar. | 2003 | 12791902 |
| the isolation of ilhéus virus from wild caught forest mosquitoes in trinidad. | | 1956 | 13354883 |
| notes on the epidemiology of ilhéus virus infection in trinidad, b.w.i. | | 1956 | 13413870 |
| isolation of ilhéus virus from sabethes chloropterus captured in guatemala in 1956. | | 1957 | 13458675 |
| isolation of ilheus virus from human beings in trinidad, west indies. | | 1962 | 13990008 |
| duplex reverse transcription-pcr followed by nested pcr assays for detection and identification of brazilian alphaviruses and flaviviruses. | a new approach was developed for the rapid detection and identification of brazilian alphaviruses and flaviviruses. the methodology involves the genus-specific detection of alphavirus and flavivirus by a duplex reverse transcription-pcr (d-rt-pcr), followed by multiplex nested pcr (m-n-pcr) or nested pcr (n-pcr) assays for species-specific identification. by this protocol, 25 arboviruses were specifically detected and identified. detection levels between 10(1.3) and 10(3.5) 50% tissue culture in ... | 2005 | 15695666 |
| in vitro host-cell susceptibility to usutu virus. | we investigated the susceptibility to usutu virus (flavivirus) of 13 permanent cell lines, 3 primary cell cultures, and chicken embryos. vero, pk-15, and goose embryo fibroblast cells developed cytopathic effects; however, viral multiplication was detected in all mammalian cell types by immunohistochemical tests. chicken embryo fibroblast cells and chicken embryos were resistant. | 2005 | 15752450 |
| isolation of viruses from mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) collected in the amazon basin region of peru. | as part of a comprehensive study on the ecology of arthropod-borne viruses in the amazon basin region of peru, we assayed 539,694 mosquitoes captured in loreto department, peru, for arboviruses. mosquitoes were captured either by dry ice-baited miniature light traps or with aspirators while mosquitoes were landing on human collectors, identified to species, and later tested on vero cells for virus. in total, 164 virus isolations were made and included members of the alphavirus (eastern equine en ... | 2005 | 16366001 |
| development of multiplex real-time reverse transcriptase pcr assays for detecting eight medically important flaviviruses in mosquitoes. | a multiplex real-time reverse transcriptase pcr has been developed for the rapid detection and identification of eight medically important flaviviruses from laboratory-reared, virus-infected mosquito pools. the method used involves the gene-specific amplification of yellow fever virus (yfv), japanese encephalitis virus (jev), west nile virus (wnv), st. louis encephalitis virus (slev), and dengue virus (denv) serotypes 1 to 4 (denv-1 to denv-4, respectively) by use of the flavivirus consensus amp ... | 2007 | 17108075 |
| characterization of minaçu virus (reoviridae: orbivirus) and pathological changes in experimentally infected newborn mice. | minaçu virus was isolated from ochlerotatus scapularis (diptera: culicidae) in minaçu, goiás state, brazil, in 1996. in attempting characterization of virus serological (hemagluttination inhibition, hi; indirect immunofluorescence assay, ifa), physicochemical [test for deoxycholate acid (dca) sensitivity; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page)] tests and ultrastructural studies were made. virus was also assayed in suckling mice after intracerebral inoculation of 0.02 ml and in vero and c6/36 ... | 2007 | 17244340 |
| saint louis encephalitis virus, brazil. | | 2007 | 17370543 |
| west nile virus, venezuela. | | 2007 | 17561567 |
| ilheus virus isolate from a human, ecuador. | | 2007 | 17582910 |
| complete genome characterization of rocio virus (flavivirus: flaviviridae), a brazilian flavivirus isolated from a fatal case of encephalitis during an epidemic in sao paulo state. | the flaviviruses of major medical importance in south american countries are yellow fever, dengue, saint louis encephalitis, west nile and rocio viruses. rocio virus (rocv) has been responsible for epidemics of severe encephalitis in brazil with a case-fatality rate of 10 % and development of sequelae in 20 % of the survivors. we have sequenced and characterized the entire genome of rocv for the first time, by determining the general traits of the open reading frame and the characteristics of vi ... | 2007 | 17622628 |
| improved cobas taqman hepatitis c virus test (version 2.0) for use with the high pure system: enhanced genotype inclusivity and performance characteristics in a multisite study. | we have evaluated the cobas taqman hepatitis c virus (hcv) test (version 2.0) for use with the high pure system (hcvhps v2), a new, revised real-time reverse transcription-pcr assay developed to improve the genotype quantitation of version 1.0 (hcvhps v1). revisions were made in the wash buffer and in the reverse transcription temperature. the genotype inclusivity of hcvhps v2 was evaluated at three different sites, using hcvhps v2, hcvhps v1, and the cobas amplicor hcv monitor test (version 2.0 ... | 2007 | 17898157 |
| reliable detection of st. louis encephalitis virus by rt-nested pcr. | st. louis encephalitis virus (slev) is a re-emerging arbovirus in south america, with reported cases in humans in argentina and brazil. this fact indicates that there is an urgent need to increase the current knowledge about this virus in order to control and prevent future cases. exhaustive epidemiological and laboratory investigation is required to ensure fast, accurate identification of the viral agent and allow prompt surveillance action by health authorities. herein, we report the developme ... | 2008 | 18208760 |
| molecular characterization of two rocio flavivirus strains isolated during the encephalitis epidemic in são paulo state, brazil and the development of a one-step rt-pcr assay for diagnosis. | rocio virus (rocv) was responsible for an explosive encephalitis epidemic in the 1970s affecting about 1,000 residents of 20 coastland counties in são paulo state, brazil. rocv was first isolated in 1975 from the cerebellum of a fatal human case of encephalitis. clinical manifestations of the illness are similar to those described for st. louis encephalitis. rocv shows intense antigenic cross-reactivity with japanese encephalitis complex (jec) viruses, particularly with ilheus (ilhv), st. louis ... | 2008 | 18488087 |
| detection of rna from a novel west nile-like virus and high prevalence of an insect-specific flavivirus in mosquitoes in the yucatan peninsula of mexico. | as part of our ongoing surveillance efforts for west nile virus (wnv) in the yucatan peninsula of mexico, 96,687 mosquitoes collected from january through december 2007 were assayed by virus isolation in mammalian cells. three mosquito pools caused cytopathic effect. two isolates were orthobunyaviruses (cache valley virus and kairi virus) and the identity of the third infectious agent was not determined. a subset of mosquitoes was also tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (r ... | 2009 | 19141845 |
| the continuous spread of west nile virus (wnv): seroprevalence in asymptomatic horses. | west nile virus (wnv) was probably introduced in southern and northern mexico from the usa in two independent events. since then, wnv activity has been reported in several mexican states bordering the usa and the gulf of mexico, but disease manifestations seen there in humans and equids are quite different to those observed in the usa. we have analysed wnv seroprevalence in asymptomatic, unvaccinated equids from two mexican states where no data had been previously recorded. wnv igg antibodies we ... | 2009 | 19288961 |
| human febrile illness caused by encephalomyocarditis virus infection, peru. | etiologic studies of acute febrile disease were conducted in sites across south america, including cusco and iquitos, peru. patients' clinical signs and symptoms were recorded, and acute- and convalescent-phase serum samples were obtained for serologic examination and virus isolation in vero e6 and c6/36 cells. virus isolated in vero e6 cells was identified as encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) by electron microscopy and by subsequent molecular diagnostic testing of samples from 2 febrile patient ... | 2009 | 19331761 |
| virus-host coevolution: common patterns of nucleotide motif usage in flaviviridae and their hosts. | virus-host biological interaction is a continuous coevolutionary process involving both host immune system and viral escape mechanisms. flaviviridae family is composed of fast evolving rna viruses that infects vertebrate (mammals and birds) and/or invertebrate (ticks and mosquitoes) organisms. these host groups are very distinct life forms separated by a long evolutionary time, so lineage-specific anti-viral mechanisms are likely to have evolved. flaviviridae viruses which infect a single host l ... | 2009 | 19617912 |
| structure and functionality in flavivirus ns-proteins: perspectives for drug design. | flaviviridae are small enveloped viruses hosting a positive-sense single-stranded rna genome. besides yellow fever virus, a landmark case in the history of virology, members of the flavivirus genus, such as west nile virus and dengue virus, are increasingly gaining attention due to their re-emergence and incidence in different areas of the world. additional environmental and demographic considerations suggest that novel or known flaviviruses will continue to emerge in the future. nevertheless, u ... | 2010 | 19945487 |
| structural and functional analyses of a conserved hydrophobic pocket of flavivirus methyltransferase. | the flavivirus methyltransferase (mtase) sequentially methylates the n7 and 2'-o positions of the viral rna cap (gpppa-rna → m(7)gpppa-rna → m(7)gpppam-rna), using s-adenosyl-l-methionine (adomet) as a methyl donor. we report here that sinefungin (sin), an adomet analog, inhibits several flaviviruses through suppression of viral mtase. the crystal structure of west nile virus mtase in complex with sin inhibitor at 2.0-å resolution revealed a flavivirus-conserved hydrophobic pocket located next t ... | 2010 | 20685660 |
| arboviral etiologies of acute febrile illnesses in western south america, 2000-2007. | arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are among the most common agents of human febrile illness worldwide and the most important emerging pathogens, causing multiple notable epidemics of human disease over recent decades. despite the public health relevance, little is know about the geographic distribution, relative impact, and risk factors for arbovirus infection in many regions of the world. our objectives were to describe the arboviruses associated with acute undifferentiated febrile illness ... | 2010 | 20706628 |
| a microbial detection array (mda) for viral and bacterial detection. | identifying the bacteria and viruses present in a complex sample is useful in disease diagnostics, product safety, environmental characterization, and research. array-based methods have proven utility to detect in a single assay at a reasonable cost any microbe from the thousands that have been sequenced. | 2010 | 21108826 |
| yellow fever virus in haemagogus leucocelaenus and aedes serratus mosquitoes, southern brazil, 2008. | yellow fever virus (yfv) was isolated from haemagogus leucocelaenus mosquitoes during an epizootic in 2001 in the rio grande do sul state in southern brazil. in october 2008, a yellow fever outbreak was reported there, with nonhuman primate deaths and human cases. this latter outbreak led to intensification of surveillance measures for early detection of yfv and support for vaccination programs. we report entomologic surveillance in 2 municipalities that recorded nonhuman primate deaths. mosquit ... | 2010 | 21122222 |
| evaluation of widely used diagnostic tests to detect west nile virus infections in horses previously infected with st. louis encephalitis virus or dengue virus type 2. | primary west nile virus (wnv) infections can be diagnosed using a number of tests that detect infectious particles, nucleic acid, and specific igm and/or igg antibodies. however, serological identification of the infecting agent in secondary or subsequent flavivirus infections is problematic due to the extensive cross-reactivity of flavivirus antibodies. this is particularly difficult in the tropical americas where multiple flaviviruses cocirculate. a study of sequential flavivirus infection in ... | 2011 | 21346058 |
| duck egg-drop syndrome caused by byd virus, a new tembusu-related flavivirus. | since april 2010, a severe outbreak of duck viral infection, with egg drop, feed uptake decline and ovary-oviduct disease, has spread around the major duck-producing regions in china. a new virus, named byd virus, was isolated in different areas, and a similar disease was reproduced in healthy egg-producing ducks, infecting with the isolated virus. the virus was re-isolated from the affected ducks and replicated well in primary duck embryo fibroblasts and vero cells, causing the cytopathic effec ... | 2011 | 21455312 |
| neutralising antibodies for west nile virus in horses from brazilian pantanal. | despite evidence of west nile virus (wnv) activity in colombia, venezuela and argentina, this virus has not been reported in most south american countries. in february 2009, we commenced an investigation for wnv in mosquitoes, horses and caimans from the pantanal, central-west brazil. the sera of 168 horses and 30 caimans were initially tested using a flaviviruses-specific epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (blocking elisa) for the detection of flavivirus-reactive antibodies. the ... | 2011 | 21739036 |
| evaluation of the human host range of bovine and porcine viruses that may contaminate bovine serum and porcine trypsin used in the manufacture of biological products. | current u.s. requirements for testing cell substrates used in production of human biological products for contamination with bovine and porcine viruses are u.s. department of agriculture (usda) 9cfr tests for bovine serum or porcine trypsin. 9cfr requires testing of bovine serum for seven specific viruses in six families (immunofluorescence) and at least 2 additional families non-specifically (cytopathicity and hemadsorption). 9cfr testing of porcine trypsin is for porcine parvovirus. recent con ... | 2011 | 22000165 |
| Tembusu virus in ducks, china. | In China in 2010, a disease outbreak in egg-laying ducks was associated with a flavivirus. The virus was isolated and partially sequenced. The isolate exhibited 87%-91% identity with strains of Tembusu virus, a mosquito-borne flavivirus of the Ntaya virus group. These findings demonstrate emergence of Tembusu virus in ducks. | 2011 | 22000358 |
| surveillance for western equine encephalitis, st. louis encephalitis, and west nile viruses using reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | collection of mosquitoes and testing for vector-borne viruses is a key surveillance activity that directly influences the vector control efforts of public health agencies, including determining when and where to apply insecticides. vector control districts in california routinely monitor for three human pathogenic viruses including west nile virus (wnv), western equine encephalitis virus (weev), and st. louis encephalitis virus (slev). reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction ... | 2016 | 26807734 |
| syndromic approach to arboviral diagnostics for global travelers as a basis for infectious disease surveillance. | arboviruses have overlapping geographical distributions and can cause symptoms that coincide with more common infections. therefore, arbovirus infections are often neglected by travel diagnostics. here, we assessed the potential of syndrome-based approaches for diagnosis and surveillance of neglected arboviral diseases in returning travelers. | 2015 | 26372010 |
| hierarchical cluster analysis of three-dimensional reconstructions of unbiased sampled microglia shows not continuous morphological changes from stage 1 to 2 after multiple dengue infections in callithrix penicillata. | it is known that microglial morphology and function are related, but few studies have explored the subtleties of microglial morphological changes in response to specific pathogens. in the present report we quantitated microglia morphological changes in a monkey model of dengue disease with virus cns invasion. to mimic multiple infections that usually occur in endemic areas, where higher dengue infection incidence and abundant mosquito vectors carrying different serotypes coexist, subjects receiv ... | 2016 | 27047345 |
| diagnosis of arboviruses using indirect sandwich igg elisa in horses from the brazilian amazon. | the amazon as a whole is the largest reservoir of arboviruses worldwide, while the brazilian amazon hosts the largest variety of arboviruses isolated to date. in this study, the results of an indirect sandwich igg elisa, standardized for 19 arbovirustypes circulating among horses in brazilian amazon, were compared to results of the hemagglutination inhibition test. a screening test assessed the conditional probability distribution and a pearson linear correlation test determined the correlation ... | 2014 | 25013410 |
| bat airway epithelial cells: a novel tool for the study of zoonotic viruses. | bats have been increasingly recognized as reservoir of important zoonotic viruses. however, until now many attempts to isolate bat-borne viruses in cell culture have been unsuccessful. further, experimental studies on reservoir host species have been limited by the difficulty of rearing these species. the epithelium of the respiratory tract plays a central role during airborne transmission, as it is the first tissue encountered by viral particles. although several cell lines from bats were estab ... | 2014 | 24454736 |
| serological evidence of flaviviruses and alphaviruses in livestock and wildlife in trinidad. | seroprevalence rates of selected arboviruses in animal populations in trinidad were determined using serum samples collected between 2006 and 2009 from horses (n=506), cattle (n=163), sheep (n=198), goats (n=82), pigs (n=184), birds (n=140), rodents (n=116), and other vertebrates (n=23). the sera were screened for antibodies to west nile virus (wnv), st. louis encephalitis virus (slev), ilheus virus (ilhv), bussuquara virus (bsqv), venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (veev), eastern equine ence ... | 2012 | 22989182 |
| development of a multiplexed polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) assay to identify common members of the subgenera culex (culex) and culex (phenacomyia) in guatemala. | morphological differentiation of mosquitoes in the subgenera culex (culex) and culex (phenacomyia) in guatemala is difficult, with reliable identification ensured only through examination of larval skins from individually reared specimens and associated male genitalia. we developed a multiplexed polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) assay to identify common cx. (cux.) and cx. (phc.). culex (cux.) chidesteri, cx. (cux.) coronator, cx. (cux.) interrogator, c ... | 0 | 20682869 |
| serosurvey of selected arboviral pathogens in free-ranging, two-toed sloths (choloepus hoffmanni) and three-toed sloths (bradypus variegatus) in costa rica, 2005-07. | we screened for antibodies to 16 arboviruses in four populations of free-ranging sloths in costa rica. blood samples were taken from 16 hoffman's two-toed sloths (htss; choloepus hoffmanni ) and 26 brown-throated sloths (btss; bradypus variegatus ) over a 3-yr period. we used serologic assays to detect antibodies against 10 arboviruses previously described in sloths (st. louis encephalitis [slev], changuinola, venezuelan equine encephalitis, ilheus [ilhv], oropouche, mayaro, utinga, murutucu, pu ... | 2016 | 27479900 |
| divergent cerebrospinal fluid cytokine network induced by non-viral and different viral infections on the central nervous system. | meningoencephalitis is one of the most common disorders of the central nervous system (cns) worldwide. viral meningoencephalitis differs from bacterial meningitis in several aspects. in some developing countries, bacterial meningitis has appropriate clinical management and chemotherapy is available. virus-associated and virus not detected meningoencephalitis are treatable, however, they may cause death in a few cases. the knowledge of how mediators of inflammation can induce disease would contri ... | 2015 | 26286516 |
| development, characterization and application of monoclonal antibodies against brazilian dengue virus isolates. | dengue is the most prevalent human arboviral disease. the morbidity related to dengue infection supports the need for an early, quick and effective diagnostic test. brazil is a hotspot for dengue, but no serological diagnostic test has been produced using brazilian dengue virus isolates. this study aims to improve the development of immunodiagnostic methods for dengue virus (denv) detection through the production and characterization of 22 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against brazilian isolates ... | 2014 | 25412181 |
| ilheus virus infection in human, bolivia. | | 0 | 22377378 |
| ecuador paraiso escondido virus, a new flavivirus isolated from new world sand flies in ecuador, is the first representative of a novel clade in the genus flavivirus. | a new flavivirus, ecuador paraiso escondido virus (epev), named after the village where it was discovered, was isolated from sand flies (psathyromyia abonnenci, formerly lutzomyia abonnenci) that are unique to the new world. this represents the first sand fly-borne flavivirus identified in the new world. epev exhibited a typical flavivirus genome organization. nevertheless, the maximum pairwise amino acid sequence identity with currently recognized flaviviruses was 52.8%. phylogenetic analysis o ... | 2015 | 26355096 |
| usutu virus: an emerging flavivirus in europe. | usutu virus (usuv) is an african mosquito-borne flavivirus belonging to the japanese encephalitis virus serocomplex. usuv is closely related to murray valley encephalitis virus, japanese encephalitis virus, and west nile virus. usuv was discovered in south africa in 1959. in europe, the first true demonstration of circulation of usuv was reported in austria in 2001 with a significant die-off of eurasian blackbirds. in the subsequent years, usuv expanded to neighboring countries, including italy, ... | 2015 | 25606971 |
| serological evidence of widespread circulation of west nile virus and other flaviviruses in equines of the pantanal, brazil. | a recent study reported neutralizing antibodies to west nile virus (wnv) in horses from four ranches of southern pantanal. to extend that study, a serosurvey for wnv and 11 brazilian flaviviruses was conducted with 760 equines, 238 sheep and 61 caimans from 17 local cattle ranches. among the tested equines, 32 were collected from a ranch where a neurologic disorder outbreak had been recently reported. the sera were initially screened by using a blocking elisa and then titrated by 90% plaque-redu ... | 2014 | 24551266 |
| evaluation of a field-portable dna microarray platform and nucleic acid amplification strategies for the detection of arboviruses, arthropods, and bloodmeals. | highly multiplexed assays, such as microarrays, can benefit arbovirus surveillance by allowing researchers to screen for hundreds of targets at once. we evaluated amplification strategies and the practicality of a portable dna microarray platform to analyze virus-infected mosquitoes. the prototype microarray design used here targeted the non-structural protein 5, ribosomal rna, and cytochrome b genes for the detection of flaviviruses, mosquitoes, and bloodmeals, respectively. we identified 13 of ... | 2012 | 23249687 |
| rapid evolutionary dynamics of structural disorder as a potential driving force for biological divergence in flaviviruses. | protein structure is commonly regarded to be conserved and to dictate function. most proteins rely on conformational flexibility to some degree. are regions that convey conformational flexibility conserved over evolutionary time? can changes in conformational flexibility alter protein function? here, the evolutionary dynamics of structurally ordered and disordered (flexible) regions are investigated genome-wide in flaviviruses, revealing that the amount and location of structural disorder fluctu ... | 0 | 23418179 |
| ilheus virus isolation in the pantanal, west-central brazil. | the wetlands of the brazilian pantanal host large concentrations of diverse wildlife species and hematophagous arthropods, conditions that favor the circulation of zoonotic arboviruses. a recent study from the nhecolândia sub-region of pantanal reported serological evidence of various flaviviruses, including west nile virus and ilheus virus (ilhv). according to the age of seropositive horses, at least three flaviviruses, including ilhv, circulated in the brazilian pantanal between 2005 and 2009. ... | 2013 | 23875051 |
| approaches for the development of rapid serological assays for surveillance and diagnosis of infections caused by zoonotic flaviviruses of the japanese encephalitis virus serocomplex. | flaviviruses are responsible for a number of important mosquito-borne diseases of man and animals globally. the short vireamic period in infected hosts means that serological assays are often the diagnostic method of choice. this paper will focus on the traditional methods to diagnose flaviviral infections as well as describing the modern rapid platforms and approaches for diagnostic antigen preparation. | 2012 | 22570528 |
| complete genome sequence of a novel flavivirus, duck tembusu virus, isolated from ducks and geese in china. | duck tembusu virus (dtmuv) is an emerging agent that causes a severe disease in ducks. we report herein the first complete genome sequences of duck tembusu virus strains yy5, zj-407, and gh-2, isolated from shaoxing ducks, breeder ducks, and geese, respectively, in china. the genomes of yy5, zj-407, and gh-2 are all 10,990 nucleotides (nt) in length and encode a putative polyprotein of 3,426 amino acids. it is flanked by a 5' and a 3' noncoding region (ncr) of 94 and 618 nt, respectively. knowle ... | 0 | 22354945 |
| mutational analysis of the west nile virus ns4b protein. | west nile virus ns4b is a small hydrophobic nonstructural protein approximately 27 kda in size whose function is poorly understood. amino acid substitutions were introduced into the ns4b protein primarily targeting two distinct regions; the n-terminal domain (residues 35 through 60) and the central hydrophobic domain (residues 95 through 120). only the ns4b p38g substitution was associated with both temperature-sensitive and small-plaque phenotypes. importantly, this mutation was found to attenu ... | 2012 | 22314017 |
| duck tembusu virus exhibits pathogenicity to kunming mice by intracerebral inoculation. | in this study, kunming mice were used as the animal models to study the pathogenicity of tmuv. three groups of 3-week-old female kunming mice (n = 15 mice per group) were infected with the sdsg strain of tmuv in 50 μl allantoic fluid (10(4.8) eld50/0.2 ml) respectively by the intracerebral (i.c.), subcutaneous (s.c.) and intranasal (i.n.) routes. the control group (n = 15 mice) was inoculated with 50 μl sterile phosphate-buffered saline. clinical signs, gross, and microscopic lesions, viral load ... | 2016 | 26925054 |
| flavidb: a data mining system for knowledge discovery in flaviviruses with direct applications in immunology and vaccinology. | the flavivirus genus is unusually large, comprising more than 70 species, of which more than half are known human pathogens. it includes a set of clinically relevant infectious agents such as dengue, west nile, yellow fever, and japanese encephalitis viruses. although these pathogens have been studied extensively, safe and efficient vaccines lack for the majority of the flaviviruses. | 0 | 25544857 |
| dna microarray platform for detection and surveillance of viruses transmitted by small mammals and arthropods. | viruses transmitted by small mammals and arthropods serve as global threats to humans. most emergent and re-emergent viral agents are transmitted by these groups; therefore, the development of high-throughput screening methods for the detection and surveillance of such viruses is of great interest. in this study, we describe a dna microarray platform that can be used for screening all viruses transmitted by small mammals and arthropods (smaviruschip) with nucleotide sequences that have been depo ... | 2016 | 27654806 |
| background review for diagnostic test development for zika virus infection. | to review the state of knowledge about diagnostic testing for zika virus infection and identify areas of research needed to address the current gaps in knowledge. | 0 | 27516635 |
| nhumirim virus, a novel flavivirus isolated from mosquitoes from the pantanal, brazil. | we describe the isolation of a novel flavivirus, isolated from a pool of mosquitoes identified as culex (culex) chidesteri collected in 2010 in the pantanal region of west-central brazil. the virus is herein designated nhumirim virus (nhuv) after the name of the ranch from which the mosquito pool was collected. flavivirus rna was detected by real-time rt-pcr of homogenized mosquitoes and from the corresponding c6/36 culture supernatant. based on full-genome sequencing, the virus isolate was gene ... | 2014 | 25252815 |
| clinical and virological descriptive study in the 2011 outbreak of dengue in the amazonas, brazil. | dengue is a vector-borne disease in the tropical and subtropical region of the world and is transmitted by the mosquito aedes aegypti. in the state of amazonas, brazil during the 2011 outbreak of dengue all the four dengue virus (denv) serotypes circulating simultaneously were observed. the aim of the study was to describe the clinical epidemiology of dengue in manaus, the capital city of the state of the amazonas, where all the four denv serotypes were co-circulating simultaneously. | 2014 | 24978469 |
| seroprevalence of flaviviruses antibodies in water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) in brazilian amazon. | the state of pará encompasses 26% of brazilian amazon where an enormous diversity of arboviruses has been found. this study aimed to assess the prevalence and distribution of hemagglutination-inhibition antibodies against antigens of six flavivirus (yellow fever virus, ilheus virus, saint louis encephalitis virus, cacipacore virus, bussuquara virus and rocio virus) in water buffaloes in pará state, brazil. the prevalence of antibodies in these farm animals is important to determine the circulati ... | 2014 | 24666635 |
| biodiversity and temporal distribution of immature culicidae in the atlantic forest, rio de janeiro state, brazil. | to increase the knowledge of biodiversity and identify larval habitats used by immature mosquitoes in the atlantic forest, we conducted a study in areas with various stages of preservation within the guapiaçu ecological reserve in cachoeiras de macacu, rio de janeiro state. the culicidae fauna were sampled during february, april, june, august, october, and december 2012; february, march, april, may, june, august, october, and december 2013; and january and march 2014. immature mosquitoes were co ... | 2016 | 27404496 |
| a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for detection and quantification of vesiculovirus. | vesiculoviruses (vsv) are zoonotic viruses that cause vesicular stomatitis disease in cattle, horses and pigs, as well as sporadic human cases of acute febrile illness. therefore, diagnosis of vsv infections by reliable laboratory techniques is important to allow a proper case management and implementation of strategies for the containment of virus spread. we show here a sensitive and reproducible real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for detection and quantification ... | 0 | 27276185 |
| detection of the mosquito-borne flaviviruses, west nile, dengue, saint louis encephalitis, ilheus, bussuquara, and yellow fever in free-ranging black howlers (alouatta caraya) of northeastern argentina. | several medically important mosquito-borne flaviviruses have been detected in argentina in recent years: dengue (denv), st. louis encephalitis (slev), west nile (wnv) and yellow fever (yfv) viruses. evidence of bussuquara virus (bsqv) and ilheus virus (ilhv) activity were found, but they have not been associated with human disease. non-human primates can act as important hosts in the natural cycle of flaviviruses and serological studies can lead to improved understanding of virus circulation dyn ... | 2017 | 28187130 |
| waiting in the wings: the potential of mosquito transmitted flaviviruses to emerge. | the sudden dramatic emergence of the mosquito transmitted flavivirus zika virus has bought to the world's attention a relatively obscure virus that was previously only known to specialist researchers. the genus flavivirus of the family flaviviridae contains a number of well-known mosquito transmitted human pathogenic viruses including the dengue, yellow fever, japanese encephalitis and west nile viruses. however, the genus also contains a number of lesser known human pathogenic viruses transmitt ... | 2016 | 27800692 |
| complete genome sequence of t'ho virus, a novel putative flavivirus from the yucatan peninsula of mexico. | we previously reported the discovery of a novel, putative flavivirus designated t'ho virus in culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in the yucatan peninsula of mexico. a 1358-nt region of the ns5 gene was amplified and sequenced but an isolate was not recovered. | 2017 | 28606155 |
| seroprevalence of selected flaviviruses in free-living and captive capuchin monkeys in the state of pernambuco, brazil. | mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue, yellow fever and, more recently, chikungunya virus (chikv) and zika virus (zikv) have a great impact in the public health. in addition, the presence of such viruses might have an impact on wild animal conservation as well as their possible role as animal reservoir. here, we performed a serological survey searching for antibodies against a panel of flaviviruses [zikv, dengue virus (denv), yellow fever virus (yfv), west nile virus (wnv), saint louis encephal ... | 2018 | 29424106 |
| serological evidence of widespread exposure of grenada fruit bats to chikungunya virus. | antibody detection against selected potentially zoonotic vector-borne alphaviruses and flaviviruses was conducted on sera from bats from all six parishes in grenada, west indies. sera were tested for (i) antibodies to flaviviruses west nile virus, st. louis encephalitis virus, ilhéus virus, bussuquara virus (bsqv), rio bravo virus and all four serotypes of dengue virus (denv) by plaque reduction neutralization test (prnt); (ii) antibodies to alphaviruses western equine encephalitis virus, venezu ... | 2018 | 29575672 |
| ilheus and saint louis encephalitis viruses elicit cross-protection against a lethal rocio virus challenge in mice. | rocio virus (rocv) was the causative agent of an unprecedented outbreak of encephalitis during the 1970s in the vale do ribeira, sao paulo state, in the southeast region of brazil. surprisingly, no further cases of rocv infection were identified after this outbreak; however, serological surveys have suggested the circulation of rocv among humans and animals in different regions of brazil. cross-protective immunity among flaviviruses is well documented; consequently, immunity induced by infection ... | 2018 | 29897990 |
| previous dengue or zika virus exposure can drive to infection enhancement or neutralisation of other flaviviruses. | dengue virus (denv) has circulated in brazil for over 30 years. during this time, one serotype has cyclically replaced the other, until recently, when all four distinct serotypes began to circulate together. persistent circulation of denv for long time periods makes sequential infections throughout a person's life possible. after primary denv infection, life-long immunity is developed for the infecting serotype. since denv and zika virus (zikv) are antigenically similar, the possibility of cross ... | 2019 | 31411310 |
| investigation about the occurrence of transmission cycles of arbovirus in the tropical forest, amazon region. | because of its ecological characteristics, the caxiuanã national forest (flona) is a potential area of arbovirus circulation. the present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of arbovirus transmission cycles at flona de caxiuanã. five field trips were performed to capture mosquitoes and sylvatic vertebrates. for these vertebrates, we attempted viral isolation by cell monolayer inoculation from blood, and hemagglutination inhibition and further seroneutralization assays from sera. for mosqui ... | 2019 | 31443500 |
| detection of ilheus virus in mosquitoes from southeast amazon, brazil. | arbovirus surveillance in field-collected mosquitoes is essential in monitoring virus activity to avoid emergence and outbreaks of arboviruses. | 2019 | 31050765 |