| parasite survey of eight wild animals in the ruma national park. | eight game animals representing seven species in the ruma national park in south nyanza, kenya, were examined for the presence of blood protozoa, ectoparasites, and helminthic and coccidian endoparasites using standard parasite-identification methods. haematological parameters were also determined. the oribi was positive for trypanosoma brucei ssp. and the reedbuck for t. congolense. no other blood protozoans were found. strongyle eggs were found in the faeces of all species except the water buc ... | 1989 | 2619384 |
| the helminth parasites of various artiodactylids from some south african nature reserves. | the helminth species composition and helminth burdens of 4 grey duikers, 12 bushbuck, 2 nyala, 2 giraffe, a steenbok, an oribi, a waterbuck and a tsessebe from the kruger national park (knp); of a steenbok and a greater kudu from the farm riekerts laager, transvaal; of a single blue duiker from the tsitsikama forest national park, and of a blue wildebeest, a red hartebeest, a gemsbok and 2 springbok from the kalahari gemsbok national park (kgnp) were collected, counted and identified. new parasi ... | 1986 | 3725333 |
| the helminths of various antelope species from natal. | helminth parasites were collected from 2 bushbuck, tragelaphus scriptus, 2 red duiker, cephalophus natalensis, 1 oribi, ourebia ourebi, and 4 reedbuck, redunca arundinum, that died or were culled in various parts of natal. one trematode genus, 1 cestode genus and 12 nematode species were recovered. haemonchus contortus. ostertagia harrisi, trichostrongylus capricola, trichostrongylus vitrinus, cooperia rotundispiculum and setaria scalprum are new parasite records for the red duiker. trichostrong ... | 1984 | 6241958 |
| the anatomy of the omasum of some zambian game species. | the gross anatomy of the omasum of 11 different zambian game species are described. these include roan antelope, sable antelope, wildebeest, kudu, kafue lechwe, puku, reedbuck, impala, bushbuck, oribi and duiker. lamellar area and papilla density and shape are reported. | 1993 | 8129169 |
| the arterial circle of the brain, its branches and connections in selected representatives of the antilopinae. | the arterial circle of the brain, that is, the circle of willis, and its branches in ruminants have been chiefly described in farm animals and only in selected wild species. in view of the deficit of information about this vascular region in numerous other species of the ruminantia, the arteries of the encephalic base were analyzed in five antelope species representing different genera of the bovidae, antilopinae. specimens of the following species were examined: springbuck (antidorcas marsupial ... | 2015 | 25694115 |
| physiological variation in amethyst sunbirds (chalcomitra amethystina) over an altitudinal gradient: a seasonal comparison. | southern africa is characterised by an unpredictable environment with daily and seasonal temperature fluctuations, thus posing challenging thermal conditions and increased energetic stress for endothermic vertebrates. amethyst sunbirds (chalcomitra amethystina) are relatively large african sunbirds (15 g). they are considered non-migratory and thus have to cope with the temperature changes and physiological stresses a new season brings. this study compared altitudinal subpopulations and the seas ... | 2009 | 19256084 |
| physiological variation in amethyst sunbirds (chalcomitra amethystina) over an altitudinal gradient in winter. | flexibility of metabolic rates within a species allows for the colonization of different habitats along an altitudinal and thus temperature gradient. the distribution range of amethyst sunbirds (chalcomitra amethystina) within southern africa includes an altitudinal gradient from the drakensberg to the coast of kwazulu-natal. we expected that over this altitudinal gradient amethyst sunbirds would exhibit variation in winter metabolic rates, particularly basal metabolic rates (bmr) and resting me ... | 2009 | 19181895 |
| wildlife population dynamics in human-dominated landscapes under community-based conservation: the example of nakuru wildlife conservancy, kenya. | wildlife conservation is facing numerous and mounting challenges on private and communal lands in africa, including in kenya. we analyze the population dynamics of 44 common wildlife species in relation to rainfall variation in the nakuru wildlife conservancy (nwc), located in the nakuru-naivasha region of kenya, based on ground total counts carried out twice each year from march 1996 to may 2015. rainfall in the region was quasi-periodic with cycle periods dependent on the rainfall component an ... | 2017 | 28103269 |
| the relationship between direct predation and antipredator responses: a test with multiple predators and multiple prey. | most species adjust their behavior to reduce the likelihood of predation. many experiments have shown that antipredator responses carry energetic costs that can affect growth, survival, and reproduction, so that the total cost of predation depends on a trade-off between direct predation and risk effects. despite these patterns, few field studies have examined the relationship between direct predation and the strength of antipredator responses, particularly for complete guilds of predators and pr ... | 2017 | 28475209 |
| a novel subspecies of 'candidatus liberibacter africanus' found on native teclea gerrardii (family: rutaceae) from south africa. | the phloem limited bacterium 'candidatus liberibacter africanus' is associated with citrus greening disease in south africa. this bacterium has been identified solely from commercial citrus in africa and the mascarene islands, and its origin may lie within an indigenous rutaceous host from africa. recently, in determining whether alternative hosts of laf exist amongst the indigenous rutaceous hosts of its triozid vector, trioza erytreae, three novel subspecies of laf were identified i.e. 'candid ... | 2017 | 27830472 |
| coexistence between wildlife and livestock is contingent on cattle density and season but not differences in body size. | many studies on the coexistence of wildlife with livestock have focused primarily on similar-sized species. furthermore, many of these studies have used dietary overlap as a measure of potential competition between interacting species and thus lack the important link between dietary overlap and any negative effects on a particular species-a prerequisite for competition. consequently, the mechanisms that drive interspecific interactions between wildlife and cattle are frequently overlooked. to ad ... | 2020 | 32735578 |
| identification of the odor-active volatile compound (z,z)-4,7-tridecadienal as a potential ligand for the transmembrane receptor cd36. | cluster of differentiation 36 (cd36) is a broadly expressed transmembrane protein that has multiple ligands, including oxidized low-density lipoproteins. we found recently that cd36 is expressed in olfactory sensory neurons and postulated that it plays a role in the detection of distinct odorants in the nasal cavity. to date, however, there have been few examples of attempts to identify cd36-recognizable odorants. in this study, by an in vitro assay using a peptide mimic of the receptor, we prov ... | 2016 | 28003580 |
| effect of auxiliary males on territory ownership in the oribi and the attributes of multimale groups. | i observed free-ranging oribi, ourebia ourebi, in serengeti national park, tanzania, to determine whether group formation by males provides evidence for cooperative territory defence, a behaviour that is rare among male vertebrates. socially dominant males that shared territories with subordinate auxiliary males were replaced by rivals less often than males that defended territories without auxiliary males. auxiliary males marked territories with preorbital glands, dung and urine, and territorie ... | 1999 | 10053072 |
| scent marking in a territorial african antelope: ii. the economics of marking with faeces. | faeces may be ideal substances for scent marking because they have a minimal energetic cost to the signaller. however, marking with faeces is also constrained by the animal's ability to produce faeces. this study examined whether limits on the volume of faeces produced by oribi ourebia ourebi, in serengeti national park, tanzania, caused territorial males to regulate their output and prioritize the placement of faecal marks. territorial males marked with faeces more often, and with a smaller vol ... | 1999 | 10053067 |
| scent marking in a territorial african antelope: i. the maintenance of borders between male oribi. | scent marking is ubiquitous among the dwarf antelope and gazelles of africa, but its function has been the subject of debate. this study examined preorbital gland scent marking in the oribi, ourebia ourebi, a territorial african antelope. several hypotheses for the function of scent marking by territorial antelope were tested with observational data. of these, the hypotheses that scent marking is driven by intrasexual competition between neighbouring males, and that marks serve as an honest adve ... | 1999 | 10053066 |
| mammalian exocrine secretions: ix. constituents of preorbital secretion of oribi,ourebia, ourebi. | using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in conjunction with ancillary techniques such as chemical ionization with different reactant gases, determination of the position of double bonds by means of dimethyl disulfide derivatization, and finally gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric comparison with authentic synthetic material, 75 constituents were identified in the preorbital secretion of the male oribi,ourebia ourebi. the secretion contains compounds with long-chain, unbranched structur ... | 1995 | 24234526 |