| toxicity of parasporal crystals of bacillus thuringiensis to the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella. | toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis parasporal crystals to the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella, is described. the numbers of insects killed were in relation to crystal dry weight. mortality was determined by comparing adult emergence in diets treated with crystals to emergence in untreated diets. there was only a 30% survival at an application of 0.414 microgram/cm2, and the mean 50% lethal concentration value was found to be 0.299 microgram/cm2. the use of emergence data has provided a r ... | 1979 | 485134 |
| effect of natural or artificial preirradiated food on the life history of two unirradiated insects: mealy bugs (pseudaulacaspis pentagona targ.) and indian meal moths (plodia interpunctella hübner). | | 1976 | 940925 |
| commercial formulations of bacillus thuringiensis for control of indian meal moth. | doses of four commercial formulations and one experimental formulation of bacillus thuringiensis berliner were mixed with the diet used to rear colonies of the indian meal moth plodia interpunctella (hübner). indian meal moth eggs were introduced to the treated diet, and the resultant adult emergence was tabulated. the experimental formulations ranked as follows in efficacy in controlling the indian meal moth: dipel (50% lethal concentration [lc50], 25 mg/kg) greater than bactospeine wp (lc50, 1 ... | 1976 | 984828 |
| the solubility of inclusion proteins from bacillus thuringiensis is dependent upon protoxin composition and is a factor in toxicity to insects. | bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai hd133 is one of several strains particularly effective against plodia interpunctella selected for resistance to b. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd1 (dipel). b. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai hd133 produces inclusions containing three protoxins, cryia(b), cryic, and cryid, and the cryic protoxin has been shown to be active on resistant p. interpunctella as well as on spodoptera larvae. the cryia(b) protoxin is very similar to the major one in b. thuringiensis ... | 1991 | 2059054 |
| resistance to bacillus thuringiensis by the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella: comparison of midgut proteinases from susceptible and resistant larvae. | midgut homogenates from susceptible and resistant strains of the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella, were compared for their ability to activate the entomocidal parasporal crystal protein from bacillus thuringiensis. the properties of midgut proteinases from both types of larvae were also examined. electrophoretic patterns of crystal protein from b. thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki (hd-1) and aizawai (hd-133 and hd-144) were virtually unchanged following digestion by either type of midgut ... | 1990 | 2181026 |
| mechanism of insect resistance to the microbial insecticide bacillus thuringiensis. | receptor binding studies show that resistance of a laboratory-selected plodia interpunctella strain to a bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal protein (icp) is correlated with a 50-fold reduction in affinity of the membrane receptor for this protein. the strain is sensitive to a second type of icp that apparently recognizes a different receptor. understanding the mechanism of resistance will provide strategies to prevent or delay resistance and hence prolong the usefulness of b. thuringien ... | 1990 | 2294593 |
| effect of food preirradiation on the fecundity of two insects: mealy bugs (pseudaulacaspis pentagona targ.) and indian-meal moths (plodia interpunctella hübn.). | | 1971 | 5539707 |
| specificity of cultured insect tissue cells for bioassay of entomocidal protein from bacillus thuringiensis. | cultured tissue cells from lepidopteran and dipteran sources displayed an order-specific response to entomocidal protein from crystals of bacillus thuringiensis. protein isolated from crystals of b. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki was effective against cells of the spruce budworm (choristoneura fumiferana) and the tobacco hornworm (manduca sexta), but was inactive against both mosquito cell lines tested (aedes aegypti and anopheles gambiae). conversely, protein from inclusion bodies of b. thuringi ... | 1984 | 6321329 |
| histone variants of the insect plodia interpunctella during metamorphosis. | the pattern of histone variants from the meal moth plodia interpunctella was compared to the mouse histone variant pattern. plodia contains histones which comigrate on two dimensional gels with h3.2, h3.3, h4 and h2a.z in mouse. plodia h2a.1 and h2b.1 migrate somewhat differently from the respective mouse histones. comparison of the iodinated tryptic peptides of h2a.1 and h2a.z from mouse and plodia showed that the h2a.z proteins have two iodinated peptides that comigrate in the two species and ... | 1984 | 6734151 |
| agglutination of vertebrate erythrocytes by the granulosis virus of plodia interpunctella. | | 1981 | 7269241 |
| altered protoxin activation by midgut enzymes from a bacillus thuringiensis resistant strain of plodia interpunctella. | processing of bacillus thuringiensis protoxins to toxins by midgut proteinases from a strain of the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella (hubner), resistant to b. thuringiensis subspecies entomocidus (hd-198) was slower than that by midgut proteinases from the susceptible parent strain or a strain resistant to b. thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki (hd-1, dipel). midgut extracts from entomocidus-resistant insects exhibited five-fold lower activity toward the synthetic substrate alpha-n-benzoyl-d ... | 1994 | 8117300 |
| cellular toxicities and membrane binding characteristics of insecticidal crystal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis toward cultured insect cells. | the pattern of in vitro toxicity of activated toxins from several classes of entomocidal inclusion genes from bacillus thuringiensis was measured using eight established cell lines from lepidopteran insects. protoxins representing cryia(b), cryia(c), and a mixture of all three cryia toxins (subtypes a, b, and c; from b. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd-1) were compared with the protoxin representing cryic in a bioassay which measured the viability of cultured insect cells upon exposure to entomo ... | 1994 | 8176242 |
| toxicity of the venom from nasonia vitripennis (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) toward fly hosts, nontarget insects, different developmental stages, and cultured insect cells. | a venom preparation from nasonia vitripennis, a wasp ectoparasitoid of fly pupae, was assayed for lethality in different stages of insects representing ten different orders and in cultured insect cells. in most cases, the motor activity of the injected insects remained completely normal for 1-2 days after the injection and displayed none of the symptoms of paralysis commonly reported for venoms of the hymenoptera. a natural host, the flesh fly sarcophaga bullata, was highly sensitive in the pupa ... | 1993 | 8342173 |
| the protoxin composition of bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal inclusions affects solubility and toxicity. | most bacillus thuringiensis strains producing toxins active on lepidoptera contain several plasmid-encoded delta-endotoxin genes and package related protoxins into a single inclusion. it was previously found that in b. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai hd133, which produces an inclusion comprising the cryiab, cryic, and cryid protoxins, there is a spontaneous loss in about 1% of the cells of a 45-mda plasmid containing the cryiab gene. as a result, inclusions produced by the cured strain were less re ... | 1995 | 8526519 |
| transmission dynamics of bacillus thuringiensis infecting plodia interpunctella: a test of the mass action assumption with an insect pathogen. | central to theoretical studies of host-pathogen population dynamics is a term describing transmission of the pathogen. this usually assumes that transmission is proportional to the density of infectious hosts or particles and of susceptible individuals. we tested this assumption with the bacterial pathogen bacillus thuringiensis infecting larvae of plodia interpunctella, the indian meal moth. transmission was found to increase in a more than linear way with host density in fourth and fifth insta ... | 1996 | 8587898 |
| contribution of bacillus thuringiensis spores to toxicity of purified cry proteins towards indianmeal moth larvae | the influence of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd-1 spores upon the toxicity of purified cry1ab and cry1c crystal proteins toward susceptible and bt-resistant indianmeal moth (imm, plodia interpunctella) larvae was investigated. with susceptible larvae, hd-1 spores were toxic in the absence of crystal protein and highly synergistic (approximately 35- to 50-fold) with either cry1ab or cry1c protein. with bt-resistant imm larvae, hd-1 spores were synergistic with cry1ab and cry1c protein ... | 1996 | 8661690 |
| altered binding of the cry1ac toxin to larval membranes but not to the toxin-binding protein in plodia interpunctella selected for resistance to different bacillus thuringiensis isolates. | immunoblotting and cytochemical procedures were used to determine whether toxin binding was altered in strains of the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella, selected for resistance to various strains of bacillus thuringiensis. each of these b. thuringiensis subspecies produces a mixture of protoxins, primarily cry1 types, and the greatest insect resistance is to the cry1a protoxins. in several cases, however, there was also resistance to toxins not present in the b. thuringiensis strains used f ... | 1996 | 8900008 |
| luminal proteinases from plodia interpunctella and the hydrolysis of bacillus thuringiensis cryia(c) protoxin. | the ability of proteinases in gut extracts of the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella, to hydrolyze bacillus thuringiensis (bt) protoxin, casein, and rho-nitroanilide substrates was investigated. a polyclonal antiserum to protoxin cryia(c) was used in western blots to demonstrate slower protoxin processing by gut enzymes from bt subspecies entomocidus-resistant larvae than enzymes from susceptible or kurstaki-resistant strains. enzymes from all three strains hydrolyzed n-alpha-benzoyl-l-argin ... | 1996 | 8969468 |
| proteinase-mediated insect resistance to bacillus thuringiensis toxins. | two bacillus thuringiensis (bt)-resistant strains of the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella, lack a major gut proteinase that activates bt protoxins. the absence of this enzyme is genetically linked to larval survival on bt-treated diets. when considered with previous data supporting the existence of receptor-mediated insect resistance to bt, these results provide evidence that insect adaptation to these toxins occurs through multiple physiological mechanisms, which complicate efforts to pre ... | 1997 | 9295279 |
| spore coat protein synergizes bacillus thuringiensis crystal toxicity for the indianmeal moth | spores from bacillus thuringiensis serovars kurstaki and entomocidus synergized crystal protein toxicity for larvae of the indianmeal moth (plodia interpunctella). preparations of spore-crystal mixtures of either serovar were more toxic for the larvae than either purified spores or crystals alone (based on dry weight). spores lost 53% of their toxicity for the indianmeal moth after 2 h of uv-irradiation, but remained partially toxic (28%) even after 4 h of irradiation. spore coat protein was tox ... | 1998 | 9541564 |
| cdnas for a chymotrypsinogen-like protein from two strains of plodia interpunctella. | gut proteinases are involved in the solubilization and activation of insecticidal toxins produced by bacillus thuringiensis and may also be involved in resistance development. approximately threefold lower chymotrypsin-like enzyme activity was observed in a bt(entomocidus)-resistant strain of the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella, than that in the bt-susceptible strain. because chymotrypsin-like proteinases are involved in bt protoxin activation in p. interpunctella, we compared cdna sequen ... | 1997 | 9569643 |
| cdna sequence, mrna expression and genomic dna of trypsinogen from the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella. | trypsin-like enzymes are major insect gut enzymes that digest dietary proteins and proteolytically activate insecticidal proteins produced by the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt). resistance to bt in a strain of the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella, was linked to the absence of a major trypsin-like proteinase (oppert et al., 1997). in this study, trypsin-like proteinases, cdna sequences, mrna expression levels and genomic dnas from bt-susceptible and -resistant strains of the indianme ... | 2000 | 10672067 |
| cdnas of aminopeptidase-like protein genes from plodia interpunctella strains with different susceptibilities to bacillus thuringiensis toxins. | aminopeptidase n has been reported to be a bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cry1a toxin-binding protein in several lepidopteran insects. cdnas of aminopeptidase-like proteins from both bt-susceptible rc688s and bt-resistant hd198r strains of the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella, were cloned and sequenced. they contain 3345 and 3358 nucleotides, respectively, and each has a 3048 bp open reading frame that encodes 1016 amino acids. putative protein sequences include 10 potential glycosylation sit ... | 2000 | 10732989 |
| effects of transgenic bacillus thuringiensis maize grain on b. thuringiensis-susceptible plodia interpunctella (lepidoptera: pyralidae). | percentage survivorship, developmental time, adult body length, and sex ratio of plodia interpunctella (hübner) reared on field-produced grain from sixteen cultivars of maize, zea mays l., including several transgenic bacillus thuringiensis (bt) berliner hybrids and selected non-bt isolines, were evaluated under laboratory conditions. compared with isolines, development was delayed and survivorship reduced for p. interpunctella reared on grain from transgenic hybrids with the camv/35s promoter t ... | 2000 | 10902364 |
| trypsinogen-like cdnas and quantitative analysis of mrna levels from the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella. | two cdna fragments encoding full-length trypsinogen-like proteins were cloned from larvae of two strains (rc688s and hd198r) of the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella (hübner), which differed in their sensitivity to bacillus thuringiensis protoxins. one cdna fragment contained 874 nucleotides, including a 780-nucleotide open reading frame that encoded a trypsinogen-like protein (pit2b). another cdna fragment amplified from both p. interpunctella strains contained 864 nucleotides including a ... | 2000 | 10989289 |
| action of amorphous diatomaceous earth against different stages of the stored product pests tribolium confusum, tenebrio molitor, sitophilus granarius and plodia interpunctella. | environmental and human health problems associated with the use of synthetic pesticides have prompted the demand for non-polluting, biologically specific insecticides. the current study tested the use and action of diatomaceous earth against several stored product pests. fossil shield(r) applied to wooden plates was lethal to adult tenebrio molitor and tribolium confusum, but larvae of the mealworm were unaffected. beetles died within 14 days exposure in the absence of food to a dose of 2 and 4 ... | 2001 | 11124378 |
| different mechanisms of resistance to bacillus thuringiensis toxins in the indianmeal moth. | susceptibility to protoxin and toxin forms of cry1ab and the binding of (125)i-labeled cry1ab and cry1ac has been examined in three plodia interpunctella colonies, one susceptible (688(s)) and two resistant (198(r) and dpl(r)) to bacillus thuringiensis. toxicological studies showed that the 198(r) colony was 11-fold more resistant to cry1ab protoxin than to cry1ab activated toxin, whereas the dpl(r) colony was 4-fold more resistant to protoxin versus toxin. binding results with (125)i-labeled to ... | 2001 | 11229895 |
| life history attributes of indian meal moth (lepidoptera: pyralidae) and angoumois grain moth (lepidoptera: gelechiidae) reared on transgenic corn kernels. | the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella (hübner), and angoumois grain moth, sitotroga cerealella (olivier), are two globally distributed stored-grain pests. laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the impact that corn (zea mays l.) kernels (i.e., grain) of some bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bt) corn hybrids containing crylab bt delta-endotoxin have on life history attributes of indian meal moth and angoumois grain moth. stored grain is at risk to damage from indian meal moth and ... | 2001 | 11332858 |
| infestation of a bird and two cats by larvae of plodia interpunctella (lepidoptera: pyralidae). | the larvae of plodia interpunctella (hübner), commonly known as the indian meal moth, often cause enormous losses in stored food supplies. we present three clinical case reports of accidental infestation by p. interpunctella larvae in two domestic cats and one parakeet. a larva gained entry into the avian host and subsequently migrated to the brain. it was alive, covered with "silk-like" fibers and confirmed to be a fourth instar. plodia interpunctella larvae were excised with forceps from the s ... | 2001 | 11580046 |
| insect resistance to bacillus thuringiensis: alterations in the indianmeal moth larval gut proteome. | insect resistance to the cry toxins of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) has been examined previously using a number of traditional biochemical and molecular techniques. in this study, we utilized a proteomic approach involving two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and function-based activity profiling to examine changes in the gut proteins from the larvae of an indianmeal moth (imm, plodia interpunctella) colony exhibiting resistance to bt. we found a number of changes ... | 2003 | 12601079 |
| cdna cloning, purification, properties, and function of a beta-1,3-glucan recognition protein from a pyralid moth, plodia interpunctella. | microorganisms possess distinctive biochemical or molecular patterns on their cell surfaces, such as those formed by the lipopolysaccharides, lipoteichoic acids, and/or peptidoglycans of bacteria and the beta-1,3-glucans of fungi. pattern recognition proteins that bind to these surface moieties have been implicated in the activation of the innate immune response in insects and other invertebrates. we report the purification and cloning of a cdna for a 53-kda beta-1,3-glucan recognition protein ( ... | 2003 | 12770576 |
| binding of bacillus thuringiensis toxins in resistant and susceptible strains of pink bollworm (pectinophora gossypiella). | evolution of resistance by pests could cut short the success of transgenic plants producing toxins from bacillus thuringiensis, such as bt cotton. the most common mechanism of insect resistance to b. thuringiensis is reduced binding of toxins to target sites in the brush border membrane of the larval midgut. we compared toxin binding in resistant and susceptible strains of pectinophora gossypiella, a major pest of cotton worldwide. using cry1ab and cry1ac labeled with (125)i and brush border mem ... | 2003 | 12915184 |
| effects of juvenile hormone on 20-hydroxyecdysone-inducible ecr, hr3, e75 gene expression in imaginal wing cells of plodia interpunctella lepidoptera. | the ial-pid2 cells derived from imaginal wing discs of the last larval instar of plodia interpunctella were responsive to 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e). these imaginal cells respond to 20e by proliferative arrest followed by a morphological differentiation. these 20e-induced late responses were inhibited in presence of juvenile hormone (jh ii). from these imaginal wing cells, we have cloned a cdna sequence encoding a p. interpunctella ecdysone receptor-b1 isoform (piecr-b1). the amino acid sequence o ... | 2004 | 15233798 |
| cdna cloning and heterologous expression of a wheat proteinase inhibitor of subtilisin and chymotrypsin (wsci) that interferes with digestive enzymes of insect pests. | a cdna encoding the proteinase inhibitor wsci (wheat subtilisin/chymotrypsin inhibitor) was isolated by rt-pcr. degenerate oligonucleotide primers were designed based on the amino acid sequence of wsci and on the nucleotide sequence of the two homologous inhibitors (ci-2a and ci-2b) isolated from barley. for large-scale production, wsci cdna was cloned into the e. coli vector pgex-2t. the fusion protein gst-wsci was efficiently produced in the bacterial expression system and, as the native inhib ... | 2005 | 15899701 |
| cloning and characterization of a novel gene cry9ec1 encoding lepidopteran-specific parasporal inclusion protein from a bacillus thuringiensis serovar galleriae strain. | a novel delta-endotoxin gene from a lepidopteran-specific bacillus thuringiensis serovar galleriae strain was cloned, and the full sequence of the cry gene was determined. the cloned 6.5-kb dna fragment included the full sequence of the cry gene and three open reading frames located upstream of the cry gene. the gene, designated cry9ec1, encodes a polypeptide of 1154 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight of 130 237. the deduced amino acid sequence of the cry9ec1 protein had the h ... | 2005 | 16333339 |
| txp40, a ubiquitous insecticidal toxin protein from xenorhabdus and photorhabdus bacteria. | xenorhabdus and photorhabdus are gram-negative bacteria that produce a range of proteins that are toxic to insects. we recently identified a novel 42-kda protein from xenorhabdus nematophila that was lethal to the larvae of insects such as galleria mellonella and helicoverpa armigera when it was injected at doses of 30 to 40 ng/g larvae. in the present work, the toxin gene txp40 was identified in another 59 strains of xenorhabdus and photorhabdus, indicating that it is both highly conserved and ... | 2006 | 16461722 |
| the diversity of bt resistance genes in species of lepidoptera. | although the mode of action of cry1a toxins produced by bacillus thuringiensis is fairly well understood, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which lepidopteran species have evolved resistance to them is still in its infancy. the most common type of resistance has been called "mode 1" and is characterized by recessive inheritance, >500-fold resistance to and reduced binding by at least one cry1a toxin, and negligible cross-resistance to cry1c. in three lepidopteran species, heliothis viresc ... | 2007 | 17482643 |
| diversity of detoxification pathways of ingested ecdysteroids among phytophagous insects. | the metabolic pathways of ingested ecdysteroids have been investigated in three insect species, the aphid myzus persicae and two lepidoptera, plodia interpunctella and ostrinia nubilalis. m. persicae produces mainly a 22-glucoside conjugate, whereas p. interpunctella eliminates a mixture of 20e and its 3-oxo and 3-epi derivatives, both in free form and as conjugates with various fatty acids. o. nubilalis only produces fatty acyl ester conjugates. these data point out the great diversity of detox ... | 2007 | 17523174 |
| insect resistance to the biological insecticide bacillus thuringiensis. | resistance to the spore-crystal protein complex of bacillus thuringiensis, the most widely used and intensively studied microbial insecticide, has been presumed to be unlikely to occur. in this study it was found that plodia interpunctella, a major lepidopteran pest of stored grain products, can develop resistance to the insecticide within a few generations. resistance increased nearly 30-fold in two generations in a strain reared on diet treated with bacillus thuringiensis and after 15 generati ... | 1985 | 17746291 |
| the 20-hydroxyecdysone-induced signalling pathway in g2/m arrest of plodia interpunctella imaginal wing cells. | the mechanisms involved in the control of cellular proliferation by the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e) in insects are not known. we dissected the 20e signalling pathway responsible for g2/m arrest of imaginal cells from the ial-pid2 cells of the indian meal moth plodia interpunctella. we first used a 5'-3' race-based strategy to clone a 4479bp cdna encoding a putative p. interpunctella hr3 transcription factor named pihr3. the deduced amino acid sequence of pihr3 was highly similar to ... | 2008 | 18405831 |
| two kunitz-type inhibitors with activity against trypsin and papain from pithecellobium dumosum seeds: purification, characterization, and activity towards pest insect digestive enzyme. | two trypsin inhibitors (called pdki-3.1 and pdki-3.2) were purified from the seeds of the pithecellobium dumosum tree. inhibitors were obtained by tca precipitation, affinity chromatography on trypsin-sepharose and reversed-phase-hplc. sds-page analysis with or without reducing agent showed that they are a single polypeptide chain, and maldi-tof analysis determined molecular masses of 19696.96 and 19696.36 da, respectively. the n-terminal sequence of both inhibitors showed strong identity to the ... | 2009 | 20001901 |
| complex of digestive proteinases of galleria mellonella caterpillars. composition, properties, and limited proteolysis of bacillus thuringiensis endotoxins. | the complex of digestive proteinases in caterpillars of the greater wax moth galleria mellonella was studied. using chromogenic substrates and inhibitor analysis, it was found that serine proteinases play a key role in this complex. three anionic and two cationic forms of trypsin and one anionic and one cationic form of chymotrypsin were identified by zymography in the midgut extract of g. mellonella. the most active trypsin was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity, and its n-terminal amino a ... | 2011 | 21639838 |
| comparative evaluation of phenoloxidase activity in different larval stages of four lepidopteran pests after exposure to bacillus thuringiensis. | microbial entomopathogen-based bioinsecticides are recognized as alternatives to synthetic pesticides. insects defend themselves against microbial pathogens by innate mechanisms, including increased phenoloxidase (po) activity, but its relationship with microbial bioinsecticides efficacy is little known. this study evaluated the differences in po activity at different developmental stages of the tobacco budworm heliothis virescens fabricius (lepidoptera: noctuidae), indian meal moth plodia inter ... | 2012 | 23414117 |
| development and fecundity of the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella (hübner), reared on diets of irradiated nutmeats. | | 2001 | 4723519 |
| effect of varying light and temperature cycles on the ovipositional response of malathion-treated indian meal moth adults. | | 2015 | 4690262 |
| ecdysone and the cell cycle: investigations in a mosquito cell line. | cell lines provide a tool for investigating basic biological processes that underlie the complex interactions among the tissues and organs of an intact organism. we compare the evolution of insect and mammalian populations as they progress from diploid cell strains to continuous cell lines, and review the history of the well-characterized aedes albopictus mosquito cell line, c7-10. like kc and s3 cells from drosophila melanogaster, c7-10 cells are sensitive to the insect steroid hormone, 20-hydr ... | 2010 | 20303973 |
| within and transgenerational immune priming in an insect to a dna virus. | invertebrates mount a sophisticated immune response with the potential to exhibit a form of immune memory through 'priming'. increased immune protection following early exposure to bacteria has been found both later in life (within generation priming) and in the next generation (transgeneration priming) in a number of invertebrates. however, it is unclear how general immune priming is and whether immune priming occurs in response to different parasites, including viruses. here, using plodia inte ... | 2010 | 20861049 |
| regulation by gut bacteria of immune response, bacillus thuringiensis susceptibility and hemolin expression in plodia interpunctella. | plodia interpunctella (hübner) is an important stored grain insect pest worldwide, and the first lepidopteran with reported resistance to bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxins. since gut bacteria may affect bt insecticidal activity, we evaluated whether p. interpunctella lacking gut bacteria had differences in immune responses and susceptibility to the bt formulation, bactospeine. in order to clear gut bacteria, third instar larvae were reared on artificial diet containing antibiotics, or were obta ... | 2017 | 28167070 |
| individual and combined effects of bacillus thuringiensis and azadirachtin on plodia interpunctella hübner (lepidoptera: pyralidae). | the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella hübner (lepidoptera: pyralidae), is a major stored product pest that is found throughout the world. in this study, the effect of oral exposure to bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) subsp. kurstaki (bacillales: bacillaceae) and azadirachtin was evaluated in third instar p. interpunctella under laboratory conditions. the median lethal concentration (lc50) of bt and azadirachtin on third instars was 490 and 241 μg a.i./ml, respectively. the median lethal ti ... | 2016 | 27638953 |
| expression of cry1ab gene from a novel bacillus thuringiensis strain sy49-1 active on pest insects. | in this study, the cry1ab gene of previously characterized and lepidoptera-, diptera-, and coleoptera-active bacillus thuringiensis sy49-1 strain was cloned, expressed and individually tested on ephestia kuehniella (lepidoptera: pyralidae) and plodia interpunctella (lepidoptera: pyralidae) larvae. pet-cry1ab plasmids were constructed by ligating the cry1ab into pet28a (+) expression vector. constructed plasmids were transferred to an escherichia coli bl21 (de3) strain rendered competent with cac ... | 2017 | 27143037 |
| effects of two varieties of bacillus thuringiensis maize on the biology of plodia interpunctella. | on the market since 1996, genetically modified plants expressing an insecticidal toxin (cry toxin stemmed from bacillus thuringiensis) target several lepidopteran and coleopteran pests. in this study, we assessed the impact of two varieties of bt maize producing different toxins (cry1ab or cry1fa, respectively) on the biology of a storage pest: plodia interpunctella (hübner) (lepidoptera: pyralidae). the indianmeal moths were susceptible to both toxins but showed an escape behavior only from cry ... | 2012 | 22778907 |
| evidence of polyethylene biodegradation by bacterial strains from the guts of plastic-eating waxworms. | polyethylene (pe) has been considered nonbiodegradable for decades. although the biodegradation of pe by bacterial cultures has been occasionally described, valid evidence of pe biodegradation has remained limited in the literature. we found that waxworms, or indian mealmoths (the larvae of plodia interpunctella), were capable of chewing and eating pe films. two bacterial strains capable of degrading pe were isolated from this worm's gut, enterobacter asburiae yt1 and bacillus sp. yp1. over a 28 ... | 2014 | 25384056 |
| oxidative stress induced by chlorine dioxide as an insecticidal factor to the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella. | a novel fumigant, chlorine dioxide (clo2) is a commercial bleaching and disinfection agent. recent study indicates its insecticidal activity. however, its mode of action to kill insects is yet to be understood. this study set up a hypothesis that an oxidative stress induced by clo2 is a main factor to kill insects. the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella, is a lepidopteran insect pest infesting various stored grains. larvae of p. interpunctella were highly susceptible to clo2 gas, which exhi ... | 2015 | 26453230 |
| draft whole-genome sequence of bacillus altitudinis strain b-388, a producer of extracellular rnase. | here, we present a draft genome sequence of bacillus altitudinis strain b-388, including a putative plasmid. the strain was isolated from the intestine of indian meal moth, a common pest of stored grains, and it is characterized by the production of extracellular rnase, similar to binase, which is of interest for comparative studies and biotechnology. | 2015 | 25635022 |
| rnai-induced silencing of embryonic tryptophan oxygenase in the pyralid moth, plodia interpunctella. | gene silencing through the introduction of double-stranded rna (rna interference, rnai) provides a powerful tool for the elucidation of gene function in many systems, including those where genomics and proteomics are incomplete. the use of rnai technology for gene silencing in lepidoptera has lacked significant attention compared to other systems. to demonstrate that rnai can be utilized in the lepidopteran, plodia interpunctella, we cloned a cdna for tryptophan oxygenase, and showed that silenc ... | 2005 | 15861231 |
| novel insights into the insect trancriptome response to a natural dna virus. | little is known about invertebrate responses to dna viruses. here, we infect a commercially important pest moth species plodia interpunctella with its naturally infecting dna virus. we sequenced, assembled and annotated the complete transcriptome of the moth, and a partial transcriptome of the virus. we then tested for differential gene expression between moths that were exposed to the virus and controls. | 2015 | 25924671 |
| exposure to an environment containing the aromatic red cedar, juniperus virginiana: procarcinogenic, enzyme-inducing and insecticidal effects. | (1) shavings from the eastern red cedar (juniperus virginiana) were examined for three diverse biological properties, i.e. enzyme induction, procarcinogenicity and insecticidal activity. (2) the ability of a cedar environment to stimulate liver drug-metabolizing enzymes in mice was confirmed by lowered values for barbiturate sleeping time. (3) in susceptible strains of mice (c3h-avy, c3h-avyfb and cba/j) the use of cedar shavings as bedding increased significantly the incidence of spontaneous tu ... | 1996 | 174251 |
| supercoiled circular dna of an insect granulosis virus. | the dna of the granulosis virus of the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella, was characterized by physical chemical and electron microscopic techniques. twenty-five percent of the dna extracted from purified virus was isolated as supercoiled circular molecules. the remaining 75% consisted of relaxed circular molecules. these molecular forms were indicated by the production of two radioactive bands during sedimentation of (3)h-labeled granulosis virus dna in alkaline sucrose gradients or in eq ... | 1977 | 198791 |
| genome organization of the dna-binding protein gene region of cryptophlebia leucotreta granulosis virus is closely related to that of nuclear polyhedrosis viruses. | the nucleotide sequence and genomic organization of a conserved genome region within the ecori g fragment of cryptophlebia leucotreta granulosis virus (clgv) is presented. five open reading frames (orfs) were identified which were homologous to those of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv), located upstream of the helicase gene (p143) at 63.6 to 65.6 map units. the orfs of clgv and acmnpv share nucleotide sequence homologies of about 47 to 53% and are very similarly arrange ... | 1994 | 8021613 |
| an alpha-crystallin protein cognate in germ cells of the moth, plodia interpunctella. | previously we had reported the production of an antiserum to an antigen found primarily in germ cells of the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella (zimowska et al., 1991). the antigen, molecular weight 25,000 kda, and a related protein, molecular weight 21,000 kda, co-purified with the follicular epithelium yolk protein. antisera to the two proteins were raised, and they both reacted with the same four small polypeptides, which had molecular weights of 20,000, 21,000, 25,000 and 28,000 kda, tha ... | 1997 | 9066124 |
| cdna of yp4, a follicular epithelium yolk protein subunit, in the moth, plodia interpunctella. | yp4, a subunit of the follicular epithelium yolk protein in the moth, plodia interpunctella, is produced in the follicle cells during vitellogenesis and after secretion is taken up into the oocyte and stored in the yolk spheres for utilization during embryogenesis. in order to identify the cdna clones for yp4, a degenerate pcr primer was designed to six amino acid residues identified in the nh2-terminal sequence of mature yp4. the yp4 degenerate primer plus t7 reverse pcr primer produced a pcr p ... | 1999 | 10207993 |
| efficacy and fumigation characteristics of ozone in stored maize. | this study evaluated the efficacy of ozone as a fumigant to disinfest stored maize. treatment of 8.9tonnes (350bu) of maize with 50ppm ozone for 3d resulted in 92-100% mortality of adult red flour beetle, tribolium castaneum (herbst), adult maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais (motsch.), and larval indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella (hübner) and reduced by 63% the contamination level of the fungus aspergillus parasiticus speare on the kernel surface. ozone fumigation of maize had two distinct p ... | 2001 | 11463399 |
| molecular and immunological characterization of arginine kinase from the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella, a novel cross-reactive invertebrate pan-allergen. | ige recognition of indoor allergens represents a major cause of allergic asthma in atopic individuals. we found that 52 of 102 patients suffering from allergic symptoms indoors contained ige abs against allergens from the indianmeal moth (plodia interpunctella), a ubiquitous food pest. using serum ige from a moth-sensitized patient we screened an expression cdna library constructed from p. interpunctella larvae. cdnas coding for arginine kinase (ec 2.7.3.3), a 40-kda enzyme commonly occurring in ... | 2001 | 11673567 |
| stored-product insects associated with a retail pet store chain in kansas. | the types and numbers of insect species associated with eight kansas retail stores belonging to a pet store chain were surveyed during february to august 2001. insects were monitored at 1-3-wk intervals using food- and pheromone-baited pitfall traps for beetles and pheromone-baited sticky traps for moths. thirty traps of each type were placed within a store. thirty insect species belonging to 20 families in four orders were recorded from the eight stores. the weevils, sitophilus spp.; indianmeal ... | 2003 | 14977139 |
| evaluation of thiamethoxam and imidacloprid as seed treatments to control european corn borer and indianmeal moth (lepidoptera: pyralidae) larvae. | efficacy of thiamethoxam (cruiser) and imidacloprid (gaucho) were evaluated as seed treatments for controlling european corn borer, ostrinia nubilalis (hübner) and indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella (hübner) larvae in stored grain. at approximately 22-26 degrees c, all fifth instar european corn borers died after two or 4 d of exposure to corn treated with 250 and 500 ppm thiamethoxam, respectively, while mortality of larvae exposed for two and 4 d on corn treated with 6.3-937.5 ppm imidaclo ... | 2003 | 14994821 |
| innate immunity in a pyralid moth: functional evaluation of domains from a beta-1,3-glucan recognition protein. | invertebrates, like vertebrates, utilize pattern recognition proteins for detection of microbes and subsequent activation of innate immune responses. we report structural and functional properties of two domains from a beta-1,3-glucan recognition protein present in the hemolymph of a pyralid moth, plodia interpunctella. a recombinant protein corresponding to the first 181 amino-terminal residues bound to beta-1,3-glucan, lipopolysaccharide, and lipoteichoic acid, polysaccharides found on cell su ... | 2004 | 15084591 |
| cell cycle profiles of ecr, usp, hr3 and b cyclin mrnas associated to 20e-induced g2 arrest of plodia interpunctella imaginal wing cells. | using the ial-pid2 cell line established from pupally committed imaginal wing discs of plodia interpunctella, we have investigated the dynamics of cellular and molecular events involved in the g2/m arrest. we have first cloned a cdna sequence named piusp-2 that likely encodes a homologue of the ultraspiracle-2 isoform of manduca sexta. when the ial-pid2 cells were exposed to a 8 h 20e treatment applied at different times of the cell cycle, an optimal period of sensitivity of cells to 20e, in ind ... | 2005 | 15796748 |
| characterization of an extremely basic protein derived from granulosis virus nucleocapsids. | nucleocapsids were isolated from purified enveloped nucleocapsids of plodia interpunctella granulosis virus by treatment with nonidet p-40. when analyzed on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels, the nucleocapsids consisted of eight polypeptides. one of these, a major component with a molecular weight of 12,500 (vp12), was selectively extracted from the nucleocapsids with 0.25 m sulfuric acid. its electrophoretic mobility on acetic acid-urea gels was intermediate to that of cellular histone ... | 1980 | 16789190 |
| insect-attracting and antimicrobial properties of antifreeze for monitoring insect pests and natural enemies in stored corn. | insect infestations in stored grain cause extensive damage worldwide. storage insect pests, including the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella (hübner) (lepidoptera: pyralidae); sitophilus spp. (coleoptera: curculionidae); and their natural enemies [e.g., cephalonomia tarsalis (ashmead) (hymenoptera: bethylidae), and anisopteromalus calandrae (howard) (hymenoptera: pteromalidae)] inhabit a temporary, but stable ecosystem with constant environmental conditions. the objective of the present expe ... | 2008 | 18459433 |
| suitability of different lepidopteran host species for development of bracon hebetor (hymenoptera: braconidae). | bracon hebetor say (hymenoptera: braconidae) is a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid of several species of lepidoptera that are associated with stored products. the suitability of 12 potential lepidopteran host species representing four families was studied in this study for the development and reproduction of b. hebetor. the lepidoptera species used were the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella (hübner), mediterranean flour moth, ephestia kuehniella (zeller), almond moth, e. cautella (walker), ... | 2010 | 20388274 |
| insecticidal activity of the essential oils from different plants against three stored-product insects. | this study was conducted to determine the insecticidal activity of essential oils from oregano, origanum onites l. (lamiales: lamiaceae), savory, satureja thymbra l. (lamiales: lamiaceae), and myrtle, myrtus communis l. (rosales: myrtaceae) against three stored-product insects. essential oils from three species of plants were obtained by clevenger-type water distillation. the major compounds in these essential oils were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and their insecticidal ... | 2010 | 20578885 |
| effects of rearing conditions, geographical origin, and selection on larval diapause in the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella. | the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella (hübner) (lepidoptera: pyralidae), is a serious insect pest of stored products, and its late-instar larvae diapause as pre-pupae. diapause induction in p. interpunctella was investigated for four populations obtained from modesto, california, u.s.a.; vancouver, british columbia, canada; and two locations from winnipeg, manitoba, canada. insects were reared at 25° c and 16:8 l:d for 9 days. the larvae were then either continuously maintained under those ... | 2012 | 23451807 |
| performance of pre-commercial release formulations of spinosad against five stored-product insect species on four stored commodities. | two liquid and one dry pre-commercial release spinosad formulations were evaluated at the labeled rate of 1 ppm against five stored-grain insect species on wheat, short-grain rice, long-grain rice, and maize. except on maize, efficacy of spinosad was compared with a currently registered grain protectant, chlorpyrifos-methyl (3 ppm) plus deltamethrin (0.5 ppm). the 7- and 14-day mortalities of the lesser grain borer, rhyzopertha dominica, were 99.0-100.0% on spinosad and chlorpyrifos-methyl plus ... | 2011 | 22962550 |
| essential oil yield pattern and antibacterial and insecticidal activities of trachyspermum ammi and myristica fragrans. | two indian spices, trachyspermum ammi and myristica fragrans, were studied for their essential oil (eo) yielding pattern, insecticidal activity, antibacterial activity, and composition. the essential oils (eos) of t. ammi (1.94 ± 30 ml/100 gm) and m. fragrans (5.93 ± 90 ml/100 gm) were extracted using hydrodistillation method. in gas chromatography analysis, the beta-pinene, alpha-pinene, alpha-p-menth-1-en-4-ol, limonene, and elemicin were found as major constituents of t. ammi essential oil wh ... | 2016 | 27190677 |
| thioredoxin from the indianmeal moth plodia interpunctella: cloning and test of the allergenic potential in mice. | the indianmeal moth plodia interpunctella is a highly prevalent food pest in human dwellings, and has been shown to contain a number of allergens. so far, only one of these, the arginine kinase (plo i 1) has been identified. | 2012 | 22844539 |
| the threats for human health induced by food pests of plodia interpunctella as reservoirs of infectious microbiota | world-wide distributed pests of plodia interpunctella occur with increasing frequency also in poland, in areas where food is prepared and stored, in dwellings, buildings of public use, hospitals. larvae damage various products causing economic losses. there were no data about microbiota transmission by pests. the aim of our systematic studies firstly conducted in poland was to explain a role of pests as reservoirs of microbiota and assess health risk induced by them in human environments. | 2016 | 28233964 |
| incomplete sex chromosome dosage compensation in the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella, based on de novo transcriptome assembly. | males and females experience differences in gene dose for loci in the nonrecombining region of heteromorphic sex chromosomes. if not compensated, this leads to expression imbalances, with the homogametic sex on average exhibiting greater expression due to the doubled gene dose. many organisms with heteromorphic sex chromosomes display global dosage compensation mechanisms, which equalize gene expression levels between the sexes. however, birds and schistosoma have been previously shown to lack c ... | 2012 | 23034217 |
| genes encoding small heat shock proteins of the silkworm, bombyx mori. | small heat shock protein (shsp) is a family of ubiquitous polypeptides involved in a variety of physiological phenomena. from the silkworm, bombyx mori, we isolated and sequenced the following cdnas encoding shsps: shsp19.9, shsp20.1, shsp20.4, shsp20.8, shsp21.4, and shsp23.7. shsp21.4 was nearly twice as large in size as other shsps. the deduced amino acid sequence of shsp21.4 was similar to that of drosophila melanogaster cg14207-pa. other shsps were highly similar to each other and, in a phy ... | 2006 | 17031055 |
| 5' coding region of the follicular epithelium yolk polypeptide 2 cdna in the moth, plodia interpunctella, contains an extended coding region. | the 5' region of yp2 cdna, a follicular epithelium yolk protein subunit in the moth, plodia interpunctella, shows that the polypeptide contains an extended internal coding region. partial cdna clones for yp2 were isolated from a pharate adult female ovarian cdna expression library in lambda zap ii by screening with antigen selected yp2 antiserum. the 5' sequence of the yp2 transcript was determined by 5' race pcr of ovarian mrna using yp2 sequence-specific nested primers. the combined cdna and 5 ... | 1998 | 9880901 |
| determining host suitability of pecan for stored-product insects. | a no-choice test was performed to determine survival and reproductive capacity of stored-product insect pests on pecan, carya illinoensis (wangenheim) koch. insects used were indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella (hübner) (lepidoptera: pyralidae); sawtoothed grain beetle, oryzaephilus surinamensis (l.) (coleoptera: cucujidae); red flour beetle, tribolium castaneum (herbst) (coleoptera: tenebrionidae); lesser grain borer, rhyzopertha dominica (f.) (coleoptera: bostrichidae); and rusty grain beet ... | 2013 | 23786103 |
| a scar-based method for rapid identification of four major lepidopterous stored-product pests. | since taiwan became a world trade organization member in 2002, large quantities of grain have been imported from different countries, and insect pests are frequently intercepted from these imported commodities in quarantine inspection. because most insects are intercepted as immature forms, morphological identification is problematic; therefore, we developed a dna identification method based on a sequence-characterized amplified region- polymerase chain reaction (scar-pcr). three sets of multipl ... | 2012 | 22812153 |
| identification of 86 kda protein as methionine rich hexamerin in the rice moth, corcyra cephalonica. | we cloned the complete cdna of methionine rich hexamerin from rice moth, corcyra cephalonica using race strategy. the amplicon size was 2.5 kb with an orf of 2.31 kb. the cdna clone showed high percentage of methionine (4.8%), which is consistent with the previously reported sequences in other insects. the southern and northern analysis carried out showed that methionine rich hexamerin in rice moth is a single copy gene. multiple alignment analysis of amino acid sequence revealed that the cdna c ... | 2010 | 20452452 |
| response of postharvest tree nut lepidopteran pests to vacuum treatments. | industry concerns over insect resistance, regulatory action, and the needs of organic processors have renewed interest in nonchemical alternative postharvest treatments to fumigants used for california tree nuts. the development of inexpensive polyvinyl chloride containers capable of holding low pressures has increased the practicality of vacuum treatments for durable commodities such as tree nuts. to develop vacuum treatment protocols, we determined the relative tolerance to vacuum (50 mmhg) at ... | 2009 | 19886468 |
| the effect of combinations of food insects for continuous rearing of the wing polymorphic water strider limnogonus fossarum fossarum (hemiptera: gerridae). | the water strider limnogonus fossarum fossarum (f.) (hemiptera: gerridae) shows a macropterous, micropterous, and apterous polymorphism. although a long photoperiod condition induces winged morphs, preliminary studies have revealed that crossing between winged morphs increased the proportion of macropterous individuals, suggesting that the genetic factors also affect wing-morph determination in this species. assessing the genetic backgrounds of wing polymorphism requires constant and repeatable ... | 2016 | 27620554 |
| regulation of junonia coenia densovirus p9 promoter expression. | transcriptional activity of the junonia coenia densovirus (jcdnv) p9 promoter depends on a 557-bp sequence located within the overlapping 3' sequences for viral capsid and nonstructural genes. utilizing a somatic transformation assay to assess jcdnv promoter activity in drosophila melanogaster and plodia interpunctella, viral sequences were subjected to deletional analysis. removal of a 685-bp fragment reduced p9-driven expression to background levels. inclusion of a second expression cassette d ... | 2007 | 17714462 |
| somatic transformation efficiencies and expression patterns using the jcdnv and piggybac transposon gene vectors in insects. | a somatic transformation gene vector that exploits the genomic integration properties of junonia coenia lepidopteran densovirus (jcdnv) sequences in vivo has been developed. jcdnv somatic transformation vectors are derivatives of plasmids containing an interrupted genome of jcdnv that provide efficient, robust vectors that can be used to examine regulation of chromosomally integrated transgenes in insects. microinjection of jcdnv plasmids into syncytial embryos of drosophila melanogaster or the ... | 2007 | 17257207 |
| alpha-crystallin protein cognates in eggs of the moth, plodia interpunctella: possible chaperones for the follicular epithelium yolk protein. | alpha-crystallin protein cognates were found in germ cells of the indianmeal moth, plodia interpunctella (shirk and zimowska, 1997). a cdna clone of 674 bp with a single open reading frame was isolated for a 25,000 molecular weight polypeptide member of this family, alpha cp25, and a single transcript of approximately 700 bp was found in the ovary of vitellogenic females. both the dna sequence and predicted amino acid sequence showed considerable homology with the embryonic lethal gene, l(2)efl, ... | 1998 | 9654738 |
| encapsulated essential oils as an alternative to insecticides in funnel traps. | pheromone-lured funnel traps are widely used for pest monitoring and mass trapping in agricultural fields and stores. ddvp vapona (dichlorvos), the insecticide of choice as a killing agent inside traps, has been banned, and research on new products is being pursued. essential oils (eo) could be an alternative if properly formulated. to test their potential, beads of encapsulated coriander and basil eo were tested in funnel traps in stores of almonds and pet foods during 2 mo. the number of adult ... | 2015 | 26470359 |
| fumigant toxicity of essential oils from basil and spearmint against two major pyralid pests of stored products. | the fumigant activity of essential oil vapors distilled from sweet basil ocimum basilicum l. and spearmint mentha spicata l. (lamiaceae) were tested against two major stored products pests ephestia kuehniella (zeller) and plodia interpunctella (hübner) (lepidoptera: pyralidae). various oil doses (0.5, 2.5, 5, 50, 250, 500, 1,000, and 1,500 µl/liter air), for an exposure period of 24 h, were tested. the essential oils were subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and revealed th ... | 2015 | 26470193 |
| host switching in a generalist parasitoid: contrasting transient and transgenerational costs associated with novel and original host species. | parasitoids face challenges by switching between host species that influence survival and fitness, determine their role in structuring communities, influence species invasions, and affect their importance as biocontrol agents. in the generalist parasitoid, venturia canescens (gravenhorst) (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae), we investigated the costs in encapsulation, survival, and body size on juveniles when adult parasitoids switched from their original host, plodia interpunctella (hübner) (lepidoter ... | 2015 | 25691971 |
| is the sex communication of two pyralid moths, plodia interpunctella and ephestia kuehniella, under circadian clock regulation? | females of the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella, and females of the mediterranean flour month, ephestia kuehniella (both lepidoptera: pyralidae), exhibit daily rhythms in calling behavior. the peak in p. interpunctella calling occurs at dusk, whereas e. kuehniella calls preferentially at dawn. this behavior turned arrhythmic in p. interpunctella females in constant darkness (dd) and remained arrhythmic in constant light (ll), whereas e. kuehniella females showed a persistent rhythm in dd ... | 2012 | 22653889 |
| lethal doses of ozone for control of all stages of internal and external feeders in stored products. | gaseous ozone (o(3)) has potential for control of insects in stored grain. previous studies have focused on freely exposed insects. immatures of internal pests (e.g. sitophilus spp. and most stages of rhyzopertha dominica f.) are protected within kernels and probably require higher doses and/or longer treatment times for full control. a laboratory study determined the doses of ozone necessary for full control of freely exposed and internal stages of eleven stored-product pest species. test insec ... | 2012 | 22566141 |
| galactolipase, phospholipase and triacylglycerol lipase activities in the midgut of six species of lepidopteran larvae feeding on different lipid diets. | galactolipase, phospholipase and triacylglycerol lipase activities were measured from the midgut of six species of lepidopteran larvae, two folivores, epiphyas postvittana (tortricidae) and helicoverpa armigera (noctuidae); two granivores, plodia interpunctella (pyralidae) and ephestia kuehniella (pyrallidae); a presumptive carnivore, galleria mellonella (pyralidae); and a keratinophage, tineola bisselliella (tineidae). galactolipase has not been previously reported in insects. galactolipase and ... | 2011 | 21704634 |
| demography and life history of the egg parasitoid, trichogramma brassicae, on two moths anagasta kuehniella and plodia interpunctella in the laboratory. | the egg parasitoid, trichogramma brassicae bezdenko (hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae) is the most important and widely distributed species of trichogramma in iran. it attacks eggs of several lepidopterous pests, and is a major biological control agent. rearing parasitoids is necessary for experimental work, and, potentially, for mass release in the field. selecting a suitable host is critical for developing a successful rearing method. if other conditions are the same, the rate of population incr ... | 2009 | 20050771 |
| life tables of habrobracon hebetor (hymenoptera: braconidae) parasitizing anagasta kuehniella and plodia interpunctella (lepidoptera: pyralidae): effect of host density. | the reproductive performance of the parasitoid habrobracon hebetor (say) (hymenoptera: braconidae) against the moths anagasta kuehniella zeller and plodia interpunctella (hübner) (lepidoptera: pyralidae) was studied in the laboratory. the analysis was based on the comparison of parasitoid's life table parameters related to those of its hosts at various conditions of host density (daily supply of 1, 5, 15, and 30 full-grown host larvae). the estimated parameters were the intrinsic rate of natural ... | 2008 | 18613603 |
| molecular divergence of the w chromosomes in pyralid moths (lepidoptera). | most lepidoptera have a wz/zz sex chromosome system. we compared structure of w chromosomes in four representatives of the family pyralidae--ephestia kuehniella, cadra cautella, plodia interpunctella, and galleria mellonella--tracing pachytene bivalents which provide much higher resolution than metaphase chromosomes. in each species, we prepared a w-chromosome painting probe from laser-microdissected w-chromatin of female polyploid nuclei. the ephestia w-probe was cross-hybridized to chromosomes ... | 2007 | 17985203 |
| evaluation of long-term mating disruption of ephestia kuehniella and plodia interpunctella (lepidoptera: pyralidae) in indoor storage facilities by pheromone traps and monitoring of relative aerial concentrations of pheromone. | the potential for pheromone-based mating disruption (md) of ephestia kuehniella (walker) and plodia interpunctella (hübner) (lepidoptera: pyralidae) was investigated in two flour mills and a pet food distributor. plastic sachets emitting 2-3 mg per d (z,e)-9,12-tetradecadienyl acetate, the major pheromone component of both moth species, were used as md dispensers, which were applied in grid systems resulting in one dispenser per 100 m(3) of air volume. pheromone traps with sticky inserts were us ... | 2007 | 17598569 |
| correlation between fibroin amino acid sequence and physical silk properties. | the fiber properties of lepidopteran silk depend on the amino acid repeats that interact during h-fibroin polymerization. the aim of our research was to relate repeat composition to insect biology and fiber strength. representative regions of the h-fibroin genes were sequenced and analyzed in three pyralid species: wax moth (galleria mellonella), european flour moth (ephestia kuehniella), and indian meal moth (plodia interpunctella). the amino acid repeats are species-specific, evidently a diver ... | 2003 | 12816957 |
| population dynamics of apparent competition in a host-parasitoid assemblage. | the population dynamics of two moth species, plodia interpunctella (hübner) and ephestia kuehniella zeller in the presence of their shared parasitoid, venturia canescens (gravenhorst), were studied in well replicated time series experiments. moths were prevented from competing for resources and could therefore only interact via the shared parasitoid. this study examines the consequences of apparent competition on the population dynamics of a simple laboratory insect assemblage. ephestia kuehniel ... | 1998 | 26412371 |
| linoleic acid, vitamin e and other fat-soluble substances in the nutrition of certain insects, ephestia kuehniella, e. elutella, e. cautella and plodia interpunctella (lep.). | | 1946 | 20988222 |