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enzymic and molecular properties of base-plate parts of bacteriophage p22.using 14c-labeled salmonella bacterial cells as the substrate, the enzymic and molecular properties of the base-plate parts of phage p22 were studied. the base-plate part consisted of a single protein species which cleaved extensively the o-antigen of salmonella typhimurium, salmonelly schottmuellerie and with somewhat slower rate that of salmonella typhi, releasing oligo-saccharide products with rhamnose at the reducing end. much less cleavage was observed with a strain of s. typhimurium lysoge ...19766284
effect of ph on the antimicrobial activity of some triphenylmethane dyes.four common dyes were tested as inhibitors of four types of bacteria over the ph range 5.0-9.0. inhibition of the gram-negative types, salmonella anatum and enterobacter aerogenes, was markedly affected by the ph of the medium. these organisms tolerated concentrations of crystal violet and ethyl violet about 100-fold higher at ph 5.0 than at ph 9.0. above ph 7.0 brilliant green (bg) and malachite green (mg) were precipitated as their respective carbinols and lost their inhibitory properties with ...197827297
studies on the initial interactions of bacteriophage epsilon15 with its host cell, salmonella anatum. 197935879
characterization of r-plasmids coding for ampicillin resistance from salmonella species.a sudden increase in the incidence of ampicillin resistance was observed among salmonella species isolated within new zealand in 1973--4. this increase was due mainly to the apperance and proliferation of salmonella newington and salmonella anatum serotypes resistant to ampicillin. the plasmid complements of 14 ampicillin-resistant s. newington and s. anatum isolates obtained from widely separated geographical areas within new zealand between 1973 and 1974 were characterized by agarose gel elect ...1979258658
[lysogeny in escherichia coli isolated from birds and the spectrum of the lytic action of isolated phage].studies was the lysogenicity in a total of 70 strains of escherichia coli isolated from birds. as many as 19 lysogeneic strains were isolated, yielding 19 phages that had the signature of lysogenic strains. two serologic groups of phages were established by means of the neutralization reaction. it was found that phages 30 and 229, representing the two serologic groups of bacteriophages could lyse up to 44 per cent of the e. coli strains isolated from birds, 7 per cent of those isolated from calv ...1977337645
the incidence of salmonella in random-source cats purchased for use in research.in research facilities, cats are routinely ignored as a potential source of salmonella infection. over a period of 18 months, 142 cats received from commercial vendors for use in research were screened for enteric salmonella. salmonella was isolated from 15 animals, an incidence of 10.6%. five (29%) of the 17 shipments contained animals that were positive for salmonella. the serotypes isolated were salmonella derby, salmonella typhimurium, salmonella anatum, salmonella enteritidis, and salmonell ...1979376759
comparative studies of rna polymerase subunits from various bacteria.the molecular structure of rna polymerases from escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, salmonella anatum,serratia marcescens, aerobacter aerogens, proteus mirabilis and bacillus subtilis were compared based on:i) inhibition of the enzyme activity by treatment with antibodies against e. coli rna polymerase subunits;ii) analysis of antibody precipitates by sodium ododecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; and iii) analysis of antibody precipitates by urea-isoelectrofocusing followed by ...1977408600
an outbreak of salmonella anatum infection in a premature nursery at chandigarh. 1979468349
deacetylation reaction catalyzed by salmonella phage c341 and its baseplate parts.phage c341 was shown to cleave off 14c-acetyl groups from a 14c-acetylated polysaccharide, prepared by the enzymatic acetylation of alkali-treated salmonella anatum o-polysaccharide catalyzed by a membrane fraction from s. anatum (o-10 transacetylase). no deacetylation reaction was detected if the substate was prepared from alkali-treated o-polysaccharide of salmonella newington. the structural difference of these o-polysaccharides is the anomeric configuration of the linkage between the common ...1976956188
[synthesis of moraprenylpyrophosphate derivatives of 3-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(4-o-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl)-alpha-d- galactopyranose and 3-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(4-o-beta-d- glucopyranosyl)-alpha-d-galactopyranose and study of their substrate properties in reactions of the biosynthesis of o-antigenic polysaccharides of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella anatum].trisaccharides rha alpha 1----3(glc alpha 1----4)gal (i) and rha alpha 1----3(glc beta 1----4) gal (ii) have been synthesised. acetylation of the trisaccharides followed by the mcdonald reaction gave rise to alpha-glycosyl phosphates. the latter were converted via coupling with moraprenyl phosphoimidazolidate into polyprenyl pyrophosphate derivatives of (i) and (ii), which both serve as substrates for mannosylation and polymerisation reactions with enzymes form the salmonella anatum and s. typhi ...19872445355
[sensitivity of mannosyl transferases from salmonella serotype e1 and b to modification of the donor heterocyclic base].a series of synthetic nucleoside diphosphate mannoses with different heterocyclic bases were tested as gdp-man analogues in enzymatic mannosylation during assembly of o-antigen repeating units of salmonella anatum and salmonella typhimurium. the substrate efficiency was found to depend strongly on oxygen atom presence at c6 of the purine residue, the h2n-c2-n1-h grouping of the heterocyclic nucleus being less important. udp-man proved to be an efficient substrate for the mannosylation reactions.19863535809
a spontaneously produced lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic defect which causes both pleiotropic phage resistance and mucoid colony morphology in salmonella anatum.a spontaneously derived mutant of the smooth bacterial strain, salmonella anatum a1, specifically blocks the dna ejection function of bacteriophage e15 during infection. the mutant, ae15r-5, exhibits mucoid colony morphology but no evidence of colanic acid biosynthesis. it is resistant not only to bacteriophage e15, but also to all other smooth- and rough-specific phages which have been tested. chemical, immunological and gel electrophoretic analyses indicate that its lipopolysaccharide (lps) mo ...19863796302
[partial purification of the polymerase of o-specific polysaccharide in salmonella anatum]. 19854042832
clinical evaluation and prerelease management of american river otters in the second year of a reintroduction study.in the first year (1984) of a reintroduction study, 10 american river otters (lutra canadensis) from louisiana were transported to oklahoma, held for 5 days for clinical evaluation, surgical implantation with intra-abdominal radiotelemetry devices, and then released in oklahoma. four of 10 otters released died within 32 days. clinical evaluation indicated that respiratory tract disease, bacterial and parasitic infections, and inanition may have contributed to the death of these otters. in the se ...19854077627
a phage typing system for salmonella anatum. 19744433301
effect of lysogeny on serum sensitivity.when escherichia coli k-12 was infected with lambda phage and mutants of lambda characterized by the production of temperature-sensitive repressors, the lysogenic bacteria were significantly more resistant to normal serum than the uninfected organisms. infection of e. coli k-12 with a lambdoid phage, phi80, whose prophage attachment site is different from that of lambda, did not result in a detectable change in serum resistance. similarly, infection with certain pseudomonas and shigella phages c ...19684881698
kinetics of thermal death of bacteria.experimental observations on thermal injury and death of bacteria in the stationary phase can be explained by assuming that death results from inactivation of (x(l)) of n critical sites. it is assumed: (i) that inactivation of individual sites occurs at random and follows first-order kinetics, (ii) that the critical sites are identical and of equal heat resistance, and (iii) the bacterial population is homogeneous in heat resistance. a method is described for calculating k (the rate constant for ...19714925119
survival of salmonella anatum heated in various media.survival of salmonella anatum heated at 55 c for 35 min was determined in solutions of various chemical constituents of foods including salts, carbohydrates, amino acids, peptides, nucleic acids, gums, and stabilizers and compared with survival in 0.1 m phosphate buffer (ph 7.0). commercially sterilized whole milk gave the most protection against heat. trypticase soy broth, various peptide mixtures, and some amino acids gave substantial protection. results with carbohydrates were variable, with ...19714928602
effect of rehydration on recovery, repair, and growth of injured freeze-dried salmonella anatum.from 70 to 90% of the salmonella anatum cells that survived freeze-drying in nonfat milk solids were injured. after rehydration, these injured survivors failed to grow on a selective plating medium containing deoxycholate but could form colonies on a nonselective medium. in a suitable environment after rehydration, injury disappeared in most of these cells. the rate of this repair at 25 c was very rapid initially and, in a medium containing milk solids, was completed within 1 hr after rehydratio ...19714938099
transferable resistance to tetracycline in salmonella anatum. 19714947990
effect of brilliant green on the motility of salmonellae and other selected microorganisms.the effect of brilliant green on motility was studied with salmonella anatum, s. derby, s. tennessee, escherichia coli, proteus vulgaris, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. semisolid tryptic soy-agars containing 0, 20, or 40 mg of brilliant green per liter were used as the motility media. both concentrations of brilliant green inhibited the growth of the non-salmonella species through the semisolid agar. for 24 hr, the brilliant green appeared to limit the growth of the salmonellae; however, by 48 hr t ...19694983955
repair of injury in freeze-dried salmonella anatum.repair of injury induced by freeze-drying salmonella anatum in nonfat milk solids occurred rapidly after rehydration. injury in surviving cells was defined as the inability to form colonies on a plating medium containing deoxycholate. death was defined as inability to form colonies in the same medium without this selective agent. the rate of repair of injury was reduced by lowering the temperature from 35 c to 10 c and was extremely low at 1 c. repair was independent of influence of ph between 6 ...19715000867
transduction mechanisms of bacteriophage epsilon 15. 3. a new class of mutations affecting the conversion of salmonella anatum by bacteriophage epsilon 15. 19715140241
[on phage-bacteria relationships in salmonella anatum. i. observations on the isolation and characteristics of certain anti-s. anatum phages]. 19695398930
variation in plating efficiency of salmonellae on eight lots of brilliant green agar.the plating efficiency of salmonella anatum, s. cubana, s. dublin, s. tennessee, and s. typhimurium was determined for eight lots of brilliant green agar made by two manufacturers. washed cells were used as the inoculum and cultures were incubated at 41.5 c. all lots of brilliant green agar were supplemented with 12 mg of sulfadiazine per 100 ml of medium. of the eight lots of brilliant green agar tested, average recovery of the test salmonellae in three did not differ from recoveries with trypt ...19684872997
proceedings: repair of injury in salmonella anatum cells after freezing and thawing in milk. 19734800887
salmonella anatum meningitis in the adult. 19715565312
[subcutaneous paronychia due to infection with salmonella anatum]. 19675600014
influence of milk components on the injury, repair of injury, and death of salmonella anatum cells subjected to freezing and thawing.fast freezing and slow thawing salmonella anatum cells in various milk components inactivated from 20 to 98% of the cells and damaged 40 to 90% of the cells surviving the treatments. injured cells failed to form colonies on a selective medium (xylose-lysine-peptone agar with 0.2% sodium deoxycholate) but did form colonies on a nonselective plating medium (xylose-lysine-peptone agar). the major milk components-lactose, milk salts, casein, and whey proteins-influenced the extent of injury, repair ...19734762393
salmonella anatum from an aborted foal. 19724675714
chromosomal locations of salmonella conversion phages: mapping of prophages g 341, 15, and 34 in salmonella anatum. 19724559685
characterization of the repair of injury induced by freezing salmonella anatum.fast freezing and slow thawing of salmonella anatum cells suspended in water resulted in injury of more than 90% of the cells that survived the treatment. the injured cells failed to form colonies on the selective medium (xyloselysine-peptone-agar with 0.2% sodium deoxycholate) but did form colonies on a nonselective (xylose-lysine-peptone-agar) plating medium. in tryptic soy plus 0.3% yeast extract broth or minimal broth, most of the injured cells repaired within 1 to 2 hr at 25 c. tryptic soy ...19724553147
isolation of salmonella infantis and salmonella anatum from a grey starling (sturnus cineraceus temminck) in the city of sapporo. 19744418032
[protracted nosocomial epidemic due to the multiresistant salmonella anatum strain (author's transl)]. 19744280952
salmonella anatum: an unusual urinary pathogen in a patient with nephrolithiasis. 19883219521
isolation and identification of pathogenic microorganisms at wastewater-irrigated fields: ratios in air and wastewater.samples of air and corresponding wastewater samples were taken at wastewater spray-irrigated fields. the concentrations of salmonellae and enteroviruses present in these samples were determined and compared with those of coliforms, and the ratios between them were calculated. the most common salmonella serotype in the air was salmonella ohio, whereas in the wastewater, salmonella anatum was the most common. enteroviruses isolated and identified were poliovirus, echovirus, and coxsackievirus type ...19806250476
detection of salmonella spp. in milk by using felix-o1 bacteriophage and high-pressure liquid chromatography.a method is described whereby the presence of less than five salmonellae was detected per milliliter of milk within 24 h of sample collection. salmonellae were removed from milk by means of electropositive large-pore filters. eluates from the filters were analyzed for the presence of salmonella spp. by felix-o1 bacteriophage and high-pressure liquid chromatographic techniques. the method gave only a positive response when salmonellae were present in the milk. of the serotypes and strains of salm ...19836360047
lethal effect of butylated hydroxyanisole as related to bacterial fatty acid composition.bacillus cereus, clostridium perfringens, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas fluorescens, pseudomonas fragi, escherichia coli, and salmonella "anatum" were challenged with butylated hydroxyanisole (bha). susceptibility was measured as the concentration of bha required to cause a 90% reduction in bacterial survivors. staphylococcus aureus lp and p. fragi were two of the most resistant species examined; c. perfringens and p. fluorescens were the most susceptible. gram stain reaction was found not ...19862873790
polyprenyl phosphates: synthesis and structure-activity relationship for a biosynthetic system of salmonella anatum o-specific polysaccharide.a series of polyprenyl phosphates with modified structure of polyprenyl residue was prepared through phosphorylation of polyprenyl trichloroacetimidates with phosphoric acid. interaction of polyprenols with tetra-n-butylammonium dihydrogen phosphate and trichloroacetonitrile was found to represent a very efficient, simple and general method for the synthesis of polyprenyl phosphates. a procedure was developed for smooth conversion of polyprenyl pyrophosphates into the monophosphates through hydr ...19892611960
[specificity of enzymes of biosynthesis of salmonella anatum o-antigen for polyprenyl derivatives of different chain length and saturation].polyprenyl phosphates of different structure were prepared and their ability to serve as sugar acceptors in the biosynthesis of o-specific polysaccharides of salmonella anatum was investigated. it was demonstrated that c30-c80-polyprenyl phosphates with unsaturated alpha-isoprene unit were as active as natural acceptor (undecaprenyl phosphate) in this enzymic system. c15- and c100-polyprenyl phosphates of this series were less effective in o-antigen repeating unit formation. citronellyl and doli ...19852581586
incidence of salmonella contamination in broiler chickens in saskatchewan.the incidence of salmonella contamination in ten saskatchewan broiler flocks varying in size from 6 200 to 14 000 was investigated from february, 1977 to april, 1979. prior to the initial chick placement, brooding equipment, feed, water and fresh litter samples were found to be free of salmonellae. samples obtained from the clean and disinfected processing plant equipment before the commencement of daily operation were negative except the isolation for salmonella anatum from the fingers of the d ...19836831304
[study of the structure of o-specific polysaccharide of salmonella anatum using 1h- and 13c-nmr-spectroscopy].the salmonella anatum o-specific polysaccharide structure was fully confirmed by means of complete interpretation of its 13c nmr spectrum, using the selective double resonances and noe experiments: [-3(6ac)gaip alpha 1-6manp beta 1-4rhap alpha 1-]n.19892483942
bacteriophage epsilon 15 is released intact from the surface of its host cell, salmonella anatum, at acidic ph. 19827064349
[chemico-enzymatic synthesis of o-specific polysaccharide of salmonella anatum and its analogs using partially purified polymerase preparation].a partial purified polymerase from s. anatum was used for the synthesis of polysaccharide [-6) [14c]man(beta 1-4)rha(alpha 1-3)gal(alpha 1-]n and its analogues containing d-glucose residue instead of d-galactose or d-mannose. structures of these polymers were confirmed by methylation analysis and radioimmunochemical tests.19882467679
[phosphorylated derivitaves of all-z and 3-demethyl-tri-trans, di-cis- hexaprenols as substrates for o-antigen polysaccharide biosynthesis in salmonella anatum].phosphates of all-z- and 3-demethyl-tri-trans, di-cis-hexaprenols have been prepared and studied as substrates for enzymes of the salmonella anatum o-specific polysaccharide biosynthesis. methyl group in alpha-isoprenic unit proved to be essential for the enzyme-substrate interaction, whereas the presence of e-isoprenic units near the omega-end of the polyprenol is not significant.19911713765
[partial purification of glycosyltransferases participating in the biosynthesis of salmonella anatum and s. kentucky o-antigens using high performance gel chromatography].the solubilized glycosyltransferases which catalyse the biosynthesis of salmonella anatum and s. kentucky o-specific polysaccharides were partially purified by hplc on superose 12. two mannosyl transferases from s. kentucky were separated by gel chromatography; these transferases were found useful for chemical-enzymic synthesis of polyprenylpyrophosphate derivatives of trisaccharides tal-man-gal and man-tal-gal.19901707619
thermal inactivation of eight salmonella serotypes on dry corn flour.dry heat was used to inactivate salmonella newington, salmonella typhimurium, salmonella anatum, salmonella kentucky, salmonella cubana, salmonella seftenberg, salmonella thompson, and salmonella tennessee in corn flour at 10 and 15% moisture. the flour was spray inoculated at 10(5) salmonella cells per g and then stored at 49 degrees c (120 degrees f); viable salmonella cells were counted on trypticase (bbl microbiology systems) soy agar plates every 30 min for the first 4 h and then at 4-h int ...19817337467
equine perinatal disease due to salmonella anatum. 19807436913
antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of multidrug-resistant salmonella anatum isolated from horses. 19957779955
synthesis of o-beta-d-mannopyranosyl-1 leads to 4)-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-d-galactopyranose, the trisaccharide repeating-unit of the o-specific polysaccharide from salmonella anatum.glycosylation of 1,2:5,6-di-o-idopropylidene-alpha-d-galactofuranose with 2,3-di-o-acetyl-4-o-(2,3,4,6-tetra-o-acetyl-beta-d-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl bromide, followed by removal of the protecting groups, gave o-beta-d-mannopyranosyl-(1 leads to 4)-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-d-galactose, which is the trisaccharide repeating-unit of the o-specific polysaccharide chain of the lipopolysaccharide from salmonella anatum. the formation of the beta-d-mannopyranosyl linkage ...19751212670
inheritance of antibody specificity: the igm anti-lipopolysaccharide response in mice.mice of different genotypes were immunized with salmonella anatum. the cross-reactivity patterns of their igm anti-s. anatum lipopolysaccharide (lpsan) antibodies were characterized by their relative avidity toward heterologous lps. when the lps from s.cholera suis (lpschs) was used as the heterologous lps, clear differences between mouse strains were found. dba/2 and dba/1 showed cross-reacting igm, whereas c57bl/10, c57bl/6 babl/c-igb and b10. d2 had mainly noncross-reacting igm. in c3h and c5 ...1976991909
bronchiectasis in yearling feedlot cattle.thoughout all of 1974, we surveyed, for illnesses and deaths, about 407,000 yearling feedlot cattle. from the 3,943 dead cattle, 1,988 necropsies were made; of the cattle necropsied, 32 (1.6%) had bronchiectasis. in this disease, the permanently dilated small bronchi and bronchioles, located in ventral parts of the lungs, were filled with accumulations of exudate and microorganisms, including pasteurella hemolytica, pasteurella multocida, corynebacterium pyogenes, escherichia coli, salmonella an ...1976956033
salmonella anatum infection in infants linked to dried milk. 19979029862
mutants of salmonella anatum that block bacteriophage epsilon infection at early stages.a total of six mutants, to which phage epsilon could adsorb but failed to lyse, were isolated from salmonella anatum and characterized. a significant portion of active phage particles could be recovered from the phage-bacterium complexes before they became irreversibly absorbed, and adsorbed phage did not kill these mutants at all. these reversibly adsorbed phage had become sensitive to chloroform, at least in some cases. the results indicate that the steps that may be blocked are deoxyribonucle ...1976931954
efficacy of two avian salmonella-immune lymphokines against liver invasion in chickens by salmonella serovars with different o-group antigens.newly hatched chicks are susceptible to organ invasion by various serovars of salmonella. we have previously shown that intraperitoneal administration of salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokine (seilk) increased resistance to organ invasion by s. enteritidis (se) in day-of-hatch chicks. in the present study, we determined that salmonella-immune lymphokines can provide protection against organ invasion by serovars that are unrelated to the original serovar used as an immunogen. immune lymphokine ...19979087335
salmonellae in health foods.various health food products of different brands were purchased from stores in the metropolitan atlanta area. these foods were examined for the presence of salmonellae by fluorescent-antibody and cultural methods. included in the study were tablets of alfalfa, parsley, kelp, wheat bran, enzyme, bone meal, and vitamins. beef liver powder and tablets and granola cereal were also studied. salmonella minnesota, salmonella anatum, and salmonella derby were isolated from two of three lots of beef live ...1977563217
the survival of salmonella anatum, pseudorabies virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in swine slurry.the survival of salmonella anatum, pseudorabies virus (prv), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) in swine slurry was studied at different temperature (4 degrees c, 25 degrees c, and 37 degrees c) and ph (4.0, 7.0, and 10.0) conditions. the longest survival of s. anatum (56 days) was observed at 4 degrees c and ph 7.0. the pseudorabies and the prrs viruses also survived the longest at 4 degrees c and ph 7.0 but were inactivated within 8 and 14 days, respectively.19979385609
antimicrobial resistance and r-factor transfer of salmonellae isolated from chicken carcasses in greek hospitals.a total of 62 salmonellae, belonging to six different serotypes, were isolated from 60 out of 87 (69.0%) chicken carcasses delivered to hospitals of thessaloniki, greece. salmonella enteritidis, salmonella anatum and salmonella bredeney were the most prevalent serovars. isolates were examined for antibiotic resistance patterns and r-determinants. resistance to at least one antibiotic was observed in 36 (58.1%) of them and 18 different resistant profiles were recorded. nitrofurantoin-resistance w ...19989620127
distribution of salmonella in swine herds in québec.five porcine finishing units, previously identified as contaminated by salmonella, were sampled to identify possible sources of contamination and to study the distribution of salmonella within the herds. a total of 208 environmental samples were taken and 87 samples (42%) were found contaminated by salmonella spp. salmonella was recovered from several types of samples. among these, fecal material from pens, building environment such as doors, floors, ventilation units, dust and farm accessories ...199910466505
incidence of salmonella in fish and seafood.field laboratories of the u.s. food and drug administration collected and tested 11,312 import and 768 domestic seafood samples over a 9-year period (1990 to 1998) for the presence of salmonella. the overall incidence of salmonella was 7.2% for import and 1.3% for domestic seafood. nearly 10% of import and 2.8% of domestic raw seafood were positive for salmonella. the overall incidence of salmonella in ready-to-eat seafood and shellfish eaten raw was 0.47% for domestic--one shucked oyster and on ...200010826714
variation in the structure and bacteriophage-inactivating capacity of salmonella anatum lipopolysaccharide as a function of growth temperature.growth temperature affects both the structure and the phage-inactivating capacity of salmonella anatum a1 lipopolysaccharide. whereas s. anatum cells normally synthesize smooth lipopolysaccharide when grown at physiological temperature (37 degrees c), a partial smooth-rough transition occurs when cells are grown at low temperature (20 to 25 degrees c). the synthesis at low growth temperature of lipopolysaccharide molecules lacking o-antigen was detected both by increased sensitivity of cells to ...1979422511
irradiation inactivation of four salmonella serotypes in orange juices with various turbiditiest.reconstituted orange juice inoculated with salmonella anatum, salmonella infantis, salmonella newport, or salmonella stanley was treated with gamma radiation at 2 degrees c. to determine the relationship between juice antioxidant power and dgamma (dose required to achieve 90% mortality), juice solids were removed prior to inoculation by centrifugation and/or filtration to create juice preparations of varying turbidity. in unadulterated orange juice, salmonella anatum (dgamma = 0.71 kgy) was sign ...200111347989
an outbreak of salmonella anatum infection in a hospital in delhi. 19705462210
salmonella spp. shedding by alberta beef cattle and the detection of salmonella spp. in ground beef.breeder cows, cattle recently arrived at feedlots, and cattle about to be shipped for slaughter were tested for salmonella spp. no salmonella spp. were detected in fecal samples from breeding cows. nineteen of 1,000 (1.9%) fecal samples from recently arrived feedlot cattle were positive for salmonella spp. compared to only 2 of 1,000 (0.2%) fecal samples taken within 2 weeks of slaughter. the positive fecal samples were collected in 5 of 50 (10%) "recent arrival" pens tested and in 1 of 50 (2%) ...200211899047
[salmonella anatum meningitis in adults]. 19705426395
changes in the differential leukocyte count of chicks inoculated with salmonella.studies were conducted to determine the effects of salmonella anatum and s. heidelberg infections on the differential leukocyte counts of baby chickens. newly hatched broiler-type chicks were inoculated in the yolk sac with suspensions of either s. anatum or s. heidelberg. at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hr after inoculation, blood was taken by heart puncture from chicks of both inoculated groups and from a group of uninoculated chicks. the averages of the leukocyte counts of three or four chicks from each ...19705422304
effect of added moisture on the heat resistance of salmonella anatum in milk chocolate.the heat resistance of salmonella anatum in milk chocolate at a processing temperature (71 c) was greatly decreased by adding 1 to 4% moisture.19705467125
salmonella anatum: report of an alaskan outbreak. 19685682224
preliminary report of an international outbreak of salmonella anatum infection linked to an infant formula milk.the number of isolates of salmonella anatum from infants (aged 1 to 11 months) in england and wales was higher than expected in november and december 1996 and early january. the public health laboratory service (phls) laboratory of enteric pathogens (lep)199712631825
prevalence of bacterial faecal pathogens in separated and unseparated stored pig slurry.to examine the prevalence and diversity of bacterial faecal pathogens in unseparated slurry, separated solids and liquid fractions from a commercial pig farm.200312641712
involvement of nitric oxide donor compounds in the bactericidal activity of human neutrophils in vitro.the bactericidal activity of human neutrophils against extracellular and facultatively intracellular bacteria was studied in the presence of the nitric oxide (no) donors sodium nitroprusside (snp) and 3-morpholinosydnonimine (sin-1), a molsidomine metabolite. snp and molsidomine are drugs commonly used as nitrovasodilators in coronary heart disease. it is demonstrated here that the no donor compounds themselves did not affect the viability and survival of the bacterial strains tested. neither sn ...200312676868
a model for the thermal inactivation of micro-organisms.to mathematically model published thermal inactivation data sets using an empirical model based on a double arrhenius function.200312911698
salmonellae associated with further-processed turkey products."further-processed" turkey products, prepared from chilled, eviscerated, and thawed carcasses at two commercial turkey-processing plants, were evaluated, for the presence of salmonellae. these organisms were isolated from swab samples from 12% of chilled, eviscerated turkey carcasses, 27% of finished products, and 24% of processing equipment. the same serotypes as those found throughout a plant on any one visit were recovered from 31% of rinse-samples taken from hands and gloves of processing pe ...19685688832
thermal resistance of salmonellae isolated from dry milk.salmonella anatum, s. binza, s. cubana, s. meleagridis, s. newbrunswick, and s. tennessee isolated from dry milk, and s. senftenberg 775w were studied for heat resistance to determine whether these organisms would survive pasteurization as recommended by the 1965 pasteurized milk ordinance of the u.s. public health service. thermal inactivation determinations were made on washed cells of the test microorganisms suspended in sterile whole milk. excluding s. senftenberg, d values ranged from 3.6 t ...19685695067
[the presence of salmonella anatum in an abscessing hydrocele]. 196414225430
[variations induced in salmonella anatum and s. newington antigens by homologous immune sera]. 195414363411
effect of freezing, irradiation, and frozen storage on survival of salmonella in concentrated orange juice.six strains of salmonella (anatum f4317, dublin 15480, enteritidis 13076, enteritidis wy15159, stanley h0588, and typhimurium 14028) were individually inoculated into orange juice concentrate (ojc) and frozen to -20 degrees c. the frozen samples were treated with 0 (nonirradiated), 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 kgy of gamma radiation and held frozen for 1 h, and the surviving bacterial population was assessed. the strains showed significant variability in their response to freezing and to freezing in combina ...200314572232
[on a disease caused by salmonella anatum]. 19645867079
experimental human salmonellosis. i. pathogenicity of strains of salmonella meleagridis and salmonella anatum obtained from spray-dried whole egg. 195114850755
isolation of salmonella anatum from the two carriers. 195114918360
the direction of chain growth in salmonella anatum o-antigen biosynthesis. 19676055160
chemically synthesized galactosyl ficaprenyl diphosphate as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of the salmonella o-antigenic polysaccharide.the membrane fraction from a mutant of salmonella anatum deficient in udpgalactose-4-epimerase, utilized synthetic ficaprenyl alpha-d-galactosyl diphosphate as a substrate in the biosynthesis of the o-polysaccharide portion of lipopolysaccharide which has a mannosylrhamnosylgalactose repeating sequence. the galactosyl lipid was prepared by chemical synthesis from d-galactose and ficaprenol extracted from ficus elastica. membrane preparations catalyzed the transfer of rhamnose from tdp-rhamnose o ...19836189714
[preventive activity of an artificial antigen possessing the serological specificity of salmonella o-factor 3].3-0 [4-0 (beta-d-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl]-beta-allyl-d- galactopyranoside with acrylamide, a new synthetic antigen possessing the narrow specificity of salmonella o-factor 3, was found to protect mice, when introduced into the animals by multiple intraperitoneal injections, from the action of the live culture of salmonella anatum and the toxic doses of its endotoxin.19836191476
measurement of the rotational behaviour of virus particles during adsorption to the host cell surface.the rotational diffusion of bacteriophage epsilon 15 was measured before and after virus adsorption to outer membrane vesicles of the host salmonella anatum. the virus capsid was labeled with eosin isothiocyanate, and the decay of transient dichroism following dye excitation by pulses of plane-polarized light was measured. from the data, the rotational diffusion constant of the unadsorbed virion and its hydrodynamic diameter were estimated and found to be consistent with electron microscopic mea ...19846479348
salmonella genotype diversity in nonlactating and lactating dairy cows.dairy cows may serve as asymptomatic carriers of salmonella. the potential for herd carrier status increases with herd size, and salmonella shedding may be triggered by stresses placed on the animals. the scope of the current study is to determine the effects lactation may have on salmonella genotypic diversity among detected serotypes. fecal samples were collected on two sampling dates from 60 nonlactating and 60 lactating holstein cows. no serotype was predominant over the two collection dates ...200415508643
evidence for shorter average o-polysaccharide chainlength in the lipopolysaccharide of a bacteriophage felix 01-sensitive variant of salmonella anatum a1.prolonged culturing in the laboratory has resulted in the formation of a stable derivative of the smooth group e bacterial strain, salmonella anatum a1, that is sensitive to both the r-core-specific bacteriophage felix 01 and o-polysaccharide-specific bacteriophage epsilon 15. the variant strain, designated s. anatum a1-1, exhibits a normal number of irreversible binding sites for epsilon 15 but the relative quality and/or accessibility of those sites appears to be diminished. infectious epsilon ...19836655458
[serological typing of salmonella in the aquilano area].during the years '80 and '81 16 stocks of salmonellae are been isolated from 1200 coprocoltures coming from no hospital subjects in the sanitary and prophylaxis laboratory. the percentage of positivity(1, 33%) is par from the last research carried out in 1977 and it is par from other researches in other countries. we confirm that women, more than men, are bearer(1, 65% against 1, 10%) the isolated species are 7, with a slight prevalence of the salmonella anatum.19836661313
nontyphoidal salmonella from human clinical cases, asymptomatic children, and raw retail meats in yucatan, mexico.we report the results of a 3-year salmonella surveillance study of persons with diarrhea; asymptomatic children; and retail pork, poultry, and beef in yucatan, mexico.200616323087
isolation and partial characterization of membrane vesicles carrying markers of the membrane adhesion sites.at areas of adhesion between outer membrane (om) and inner membrane (im) in gram-negative bacteria, newly synthesized membrane constituents are inserted, and bacteriophage infection occurs. we describe here the isolation of these sites from cell membrane fractions of salmonella anatum. sucrose density gradients yielded membrane vesicles of the om and im; their mutual cross-contamination was low, as measured by 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate and beta-nadh-oxidase activities. to mark the areas of lipopoly ...19827056701
serotype occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of salmonella isolates recovered from pork carcasses in taiwan (2000 through 2003).one hundred fifty-eight salmonella strains isolated from pork carcasses in a nationwide screening program in taiwan from 2000 through 2003 were analyzed for serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility. twenty salmonella serotypes were obtained, among which derby, anatum, typhimurium, and schwarzengrund were the most frequently isolated, accounting for 76% of the strains. antimicrobial susceptibility tests with the microdilution method were performed on these serotypes to determine the ...200616541703
the antigens of salmonella anatum. 193516559836
unveiling contamination sources and dissemination routes of salmonella sp. in pigs at a portuguese slaughterhouse through macrorestriction profiling by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.sixty-nine isolates of salmonella sp. isolated from the ileum, tonsils, carcass and mandibular and ileocolic lymph nodes of individual pigs slaughtered for consumption in one abattoir were analyzed using serotyping and macrorestriction profiling by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (rflp-pfge), in order to identify clonal relationships. xbai macrorestriction was able to distinguish 18 genotypes among the eight identified serotypes: salmonella typhimurium (4 genotypes), salmonella rissen (3), salm ...200616828912
acute hepatitis in an opossum (didelphis virginiana) infected with salmonella turnidorp.salmonella turnidorp was isolated in pure culture from the liver of an opossum that died of acute hepatitis. microscopically, there were random foci of hepatic coagulation necrosis and gram negative bacteria within hepatocytes. the salmonella turnidorp isolate was aberrant in that it did not utilize citrate and did not agglutinate by a commercial salmonella polyvalent antiserum. additional salmonella serotypes, including salmonella mbandaka, salmonella rubislaw, and salmonella anatum were isolat ...19827078089
experimental salmonella anatum infection in horses.salmonella anatum was given orally to 8 horses on 11 occasions in doses ranging from 9.5 x 10(6) to 8.8 x 10(11) organisms. four distinct syndromes were induced based upon clinical, laboratory and pathological findings: (1) asymptomatic; (2) moderate clinical signs with or without changes in faecal consistency; (3) fever, depression, anorexia with unstructured or diarrhoeic faeces; and (4) septicaemia with or without diarrhoea, and peripheral circulatory failure. all animals excreted the organis ...19827138442
bovine salmonellosis attributed to salmonella anatum-contaminated haylage and dietary stress.an epizootic of salmonellosis in a dairy herd started 2 days after the feeding of a new shipment of medicinal-smelling soybean meal. clinical findings consisted of diarrhea or fever (greater than 39 c), or both, and markedly decreased milk production. the attack rate was 73% in lactating cows, 3% in calves, and 0% in nonlactating cows. there were no deaths, but 1 cow aborted a late-term fetus. salmonella anatum was isolated from feces, milk, pharynx, uterine fluid, haylage, and bird droppings fr ...19817196907
control of an outbreak of salmonellosis caused by drug-resistant salmonella anatum in horses at a veterinary hospital and measures to prevent future infections.salmonella anatum was isolated from horses treated at a private veterinary clinic or at a university veterinary medical teaching hospital. all isolates were resistant to most commonly used antibiotics. because of the severity of disease resulting from outbreaks of infections with drug-resistant strains of s anatum, an epidemiologic investigation was conducted. enteric bacteria, including s anatum, that were resistant to most antibiotics were isolated from the private veterinary clinic environmen ...19968755984
systemic infection with salmonella anatum; report of first case. 194918137847
thrombosis resulting in rectal perforation in a horse.a 12-year-old quarter horse gelding was admitted to the veterinary medical teaching hospital with a 2-day history of signs of abdominal pain. initial findings on physical examination included signs of lethargy, dehydration, diarrhea, and gastric reflux. results of laboratory testing indicated that the horse had panleukopenia with neutrophilic toxic changes, was dehydrated, and was hypocalcemic. during the first 48 hours of hospitalization, 1 abdominal palpation per rectum and 3 analyses of perit ...19968800262
a foodborne outbreak of enterotoxigenic e. coli and salmonella anatum infection after a high-school dinner in denmark, november 2006.in industrialized countries enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) is mainly diagnosed as a cause of travellers' diarrhoea, but it is also known to cause foodborne outbreaks. we report an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis caused by etec serotypes o92:h- and o153:h2 as well as salmonella anatum, which affected around 200 students and teachers after a high-school dinner in greater copenhagen, denmark, november 2006. a retrospective cohort study showed that consumption of pasta salad with pesto wa ...200918325129
drug resistance, plasmids, biotypes and susceptibility to bacteriophages of salmonella isolated from poultry in canada.salmonella isolates from 295 layer and 294 broiler flocks in canada were examined to determine resistance to antimicrobial agents, plasmid profiles, biochemical properties, and susceptibility to polyvalent bacteriophages. except for the high number of strains resistant to spectinomycin (97.8%), the frequency of drug resistance of salmonella isolates from layer flocks was low. none of 457 isolates from layer flocks was resistant to amikacin or ciprofloxacin, and less than 2% of the strains were r ...19968854185
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