| pharmacological profile of mangostin and its derivatives. | mangostin (m), a naturally occurring xanthone in the rinds of the fruits of garcinia mangostana linn. (guttiferae) and its derivatives such as 3-0-methyl mangostin (mm), 3,6-di-o-methyl mangostin (dm), 1-isomangostin (im), mangostin triacetate (mt), mangostin 3,6-di-o-(tetra acetyl) glucoside (mtg) and mangostin-6,6-di-o-glucoside (mog) were screened for various pharmacological effects in experimental animals. with the exception of dm all the test compounds produced cns depression characterised ... | 1979 | 314790 |
| inhibition of wheat embryo calcium-dependent protein kinase and other kinases by mangostin and gamma-mangostin. | the hull of the fruit of the mangosteen tree (garcinia mangostana) contains four inhibitors of plant ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase. two of these inhibitors have been purified and identified as the xanthones 1,3,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-9h- xanthen-9-one (mangostin) and 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy-2,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)- 9h-xanthen-9-one (gamma-mangostin). both xanthones also inhibit avian myosin light chain kinase and rat liver cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase. this ... | 1992 | 1368866 |
| effect of mangostin, a xanthone from garcinia mangostana linn. in immunopathological & inflammatory reactions. | | 1980 | 7461736 |
| mangostin inhibits the oxidative modification of human low density lipoprotein. | the oxidation of low density lipoprotein (ldl) may play an important role in atherosclerosis. we investigated the possible antioxidant effects of mangostin, isolated from garcinia mangostana, on metal ion dependent (cu2+) and independent (aqueous peroxyl radicals) oxidation of human ldl. mangostin prolonged the lagtime to both metal ion dependent and independent oxidation of ldl in a dose dependent manner over 5 to 50 microm as monitored by the formation of conjugated dienes at 234 nm (p < 0.001 ... | 1995 | 7581813 |
| active constituents against hiv-1 protease from garcinia mangostana. | the ethanol extract of garcinia mangostana l. (guttiferae) showed potent inhibitory activity against hiv-1 protease. the activity-guided purification of the extract resulted in the isolation of two active, known compounds. the chemical structures of the isolated compounds were established by spectroscopic analyses as mangostin (ic50 = 5.12 +/- 0.41 microm) and gamma-mangostin (ic50 = 4.81 +/- 0.32 microm). the type of inhibition by both compounds is noncompetitive. | 1996 | 8792678 |
| the mode of inhibitory action of alpha-mangostin, a novel inhibitor, on the sarcoplasmic reticulum ca(2+)-pumping atpase from rabbit skeletal muscle. | alpha-mangostin, the principal ingredient of the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana, caused a concentration-dependent decrease in the activities of both ca(2+)-atpase and ca(2+)-transport of the sarcoplasmic reticulum from rabbit skeletal muscle with an ic50 value of 5 microm. neither ca2+ release nor other enzyme activities were affected by alpha-mangostin. kinetic analysis of the inhibitory effects of alpha-mangostin on ca(2+)-atpase suggests that the inhibition of the atpase is a noncompetitiv ... | 1996 | 8886932 |
| antibacterial activity of xanthones from guttiferaeous plants against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | extracts of garcinia mangostana (guttiferae) showing inhibitory effects against the growth of s. aureus nihj 209p were fractionated according to guidance obtained from bioassay and some of the components with activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) were characterized. one active isolate, alpha-mangostin, a xanthone derivative, had a minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of 1.57-12.5 micrograms ml-1. other related xanthones were also examined to determine their anti-m ... | 1996 | 8887739 |
| histaminergic and serotonergic receptor blocking substances from the medicinal plant garcinia mangostana. | a crude methanolic extract of the fruit hull of mangosteen, garcinia mangostana l. inhibited the contractions of isolated thoracic rabbit aorta induced by histamine and serotonin. the extract of the fruit hull has been fractionated by silica gel chromatography, monitoring the pharmacological activity to give alpha- and gamma-mangostin. on the basis of pharmacological data, it is suggested that alpha-mangostin and gamma-mangostin are a histaminergic and a serotonergic receptor blocking agent, res ... | 1996 | 8923814 |
| evaluation of the antifungal activity of natural xanthones from garcinia mangostana and their synthetic derivatives. | the antifungal activity of several xanthones isolated from the fruit hulls of garcinia mangostana and some derivatives of mangostin against three phytopathogenic fungi, fusarium oxysporum vasinfectum, alternaria tenuis, and dreschlera oryzae, has been evaluated. the natural xanthones showed good inhibitory activity against the three fungi. substitution in the a and c rings has been shown to modify the bioactivities of the compounds. | 1997 | 9213587 |
| immunopharmacological activity of polysaccharide from the pericarb of mangosteen garcinia: phagocytic intracellular killing activities. | polysaccharides from the pericarbs of mangosteen, garcinia mangostana linn., was obtained by treating the dried ground pericarbs with hot water followed by ethanol precipitation (m fraction). the extract was fractionated by anion exchange chromatography on a deae-cellulose column as mde1-5 fractions. the fractions of mde3 and mde4 composed of mainly d-galacturonic acid and a small amount of neutral sugar (l-arabinose as the major one and l-rhamnose and d-galactose as the minor ones) were studied ... | 1997 | 9347663 |
| gamma-mangostin, a novel type of 5-hydroxytryptamine 2a receptor antagonist. | gamma-mangostin, purified from the fruit hull of the medicinal plant garcinia mangostana caused a parallel rightwards shift of the concentration/response curve for the contraction elicited by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) in the rabbit aorta (pa2 = 8.2) without affecting the contractile responses to kcl, phenylephrine (alpha1) or histamine (h1). the perfusion pressure response of rat coronary artery to 5-ht (5-ht2a) was reduced concentration dependently by gamma-mangostin (ic50 = 0.32 microm). 5-ht ... | 1998 | 9459569 |
| [novel types of receptor antagonists from the medicinal plant garcinia mangostana]. | a crude methanolic extract of the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana l. inhibited the contraction of the isolated rabbit aorta induced by histamine and serotonin. the extract has been fractionated by silica gel chromatography, monitoring the pharmacological activity to give active compounds. on the basis of physicochemical data, the active substances were identified as alpha-mangostin and gamma-mangostin. to define the pharmacological properties of alpha-mangostin, the effect of alpha-mangostin o ... | 1997 | 9503424 |
| effect of gamma-mangostin through the inhibition of 5-hydroxy-tryptamine2a receptors in 5-fluoro-alpha-methyltryptamine-induced head-twitch responses of mice. | 1. intracerebronventricular (i.c.v.) injection of gamma-mangostin (10-40 nmol/mouse), a major compound of the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana lin., like ketanserin (10, 20 nmol/mouse, i.c.v.) inhibited 5-fluoro-alpha-methyltryptamine (5-fmt) (45 mg kg(-1), i.p.)-induced head-twitch response in mice in the presence or absence of citalopram (a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht)-uptake inhibitor). 2. neither the 5-fmt- nor the 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (5-ht1a-agonist)-induced 5-ht syndrome ... | 1998 | 9535013 |
| characterization of acyl-acp thioesterases of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) seed and high levels of stearate production in transgenic canola. | acyl-acyl-carrier protein (acp) thioesterases are, at least in part, responsible for the fatty acyl chain length composition of seed storage oils. acyl-acp thioesterases with specificity for each of the saturated acyl-acp substrates from 8:0 through 16:0 have been cloned, with the exception of 18:0, and are members of the fatb class of thioesterases. the authors have determined that the tropical tree species mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) stores 18:0 (stearate) in its seed oil in amounts of up ... | 1998 | 9681015 |
| inhibition of cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin e2 synthesis by gamma-mangostin, a xanthone derivative in mangosteen, in c6 rat glioma cells. | the fruit hull of mangosteen, garcinia mangostana l., has been used for many years as a medicine for treatment of skin infection, wounds, and diarrhea in southeast asia. in the present study, we examined the effect of gamma-mangostin, a tetraoxygenated diprenylated xanthone contained in mangosteen, on arachidonic acid (aa) cascade in c6 rat glioma cells. gamma-mangostin had a potent inhibitory activity of prostaglandin e2 (pge2) release induced by a23187, a ca2+ ionophore. the inhibition was con ... | 2002 | 11754876 |
| xanthones from the green fruit hulls of garcinia mangostana. | three new xanthones, mangostenol (1), mangostenone a (2), and mangostenone b (3), were isolated from the green fruit hulls of garcinia mangostana, along with the known xanthones, trapezifolixanthone, tovophyllin b (4), alpha- and beta-mangostins, garcinone b, mangostinone, mangostanol, and the flavonoid epicatechin. the structures of the new xanthones were elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic data. | 2002 | 12027762 |
| inhibitions of histamine release and prostaglandin e2 synthesis by mangosteen, a thai medicinal plant. | the fruit hull of mangosteen, garcinia mangostana l. has been used as a thai indigenous medicine for many years. however, its mechanism of action as a medicine has not been elucidated. the present study was undertaken to examine the effects of mangosteen extracts (100% ethanol, 70% ethanol, 40% ethanol and water) on histamine release and prostaglandin e2 synthesis. we found that the 40% ethanol extract of mangosteen inhibited ige-mediated histamine release from rbl-2h3 cells with greater potency ... | 2002 | 12230104 |
| garcinone e, a xanthone derivative, has potent cytotoxic effect against hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. | treatment of hepatocellular carcinomas (hccs) with chemotherapy has generally been disappointing and it is most desirable to have more effective new drugs. we extracted and purified 6 xanthone compounds from the rinds (peel) of the fruits of garcinia mangostana l., using partitioned chromatography and then tested the cytotoxic effects of these compounds on a panel of 14 different human cancer cell lines including 6 hepatoma cell lines, based on the mtt method. several commonly used chemotherapeu ... | 2002 | 12451486 |
| antimycobacterial activity of prenylated xanthones from the fruits of garcinia mangostana. | prenylated xanthones, isolated from the fruit hulls and the edible arils and seeds of garcinia mangostana, were tested for their antituberculosis potential. alpha- and beta-mangostins and garcinone b exhibited strong inhibitory effect against mycobacterium tuberculosis with the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) value of 6.25 microg/ml. tri- and tetra-oxygenated xanthones with di-c5 units or with a c5 and a modified c5 groups are essential for high activities. substitution in the a and c rin ... | 2003 | 12843596 |
| induction of apoptosis by xanthones from mangosteen in human leukemia cell lines. | we examined the effects of six xanthones from the pericarps of mangosteen, garcinia mangostana, on the cell growth inhibition of human leukemia cell line hl60. all xanthones displayed growth inhibitory effects. among them, alpha-mangostin showed complete inhibition at 10 microm through the induction of apoptosis. | 2003 | 12932141 |
| antiproliferation, antioxidation and induction of apoptosis by garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) on skbr3 human breast cancer cell line. | this study was designed to determine the antiproliferative, apoptotic and antioxidative properties of crude methanolic extract (cme) from the pericarp of garcinia mangostana (family guttiferae) using human breast cancer (skbr3) cell line as a model system. skbr3 cells were cultured in the presence of cme at various concentrations (0-50 microg/ml) for 48 h and the percentage of cell viability was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-di phenyl tetrazolium bromide (mtt) assay. cme showed a ... | 2004 | 14698525 |
| alpha-mangostin induces ca2+-atpase-dependent apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway in pc12 cells. | we investigated the cell death effects of eight xanthones on pc12 rat pheochromocytoma cells. among these compounds, alpha-mangostin, from the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana l., had the most potent effect with the ec(50) value of 4 microm. alpha-mangostin-treated pc12 cells demonstrated typical apoptotic dna fragmentation and caspase-3 cleavage (equivalent to activation). the flow cytometric analysis indicated that this compound induced apoptosis in time-and concentration-dependent manners. a ... | 2004 | 15153648 |
| antiproliferative activity of thai medicinal plant extracts on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line. | ethanolic extracts of selected nine thai medicinal plants were tested for antiproliferative activity against skbr3 human breast adenocarcinoma cell line using mtt assay. garcinia mangostana showed the most potent activity. however, all plant extracts showed activity in potential range for further investigation on cancer cells. | 2004 | 15158999 |
| gamma-mangostin inhibits inhibitor-kappab kinase activity and decreases lipopolysaccharide-induced cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in c6 rat glioma cells. | we investigated the effect of gamma-mangostin purified from the fruit hull of the medicinal plant garcinia mangostana on spontaneous prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)) genase release and inducible cyclooxy-2 (cox-2) gene expression in c6 rat glioma cells. an 18-h treatment with gamma-mangostin potently inhibited spontaneous pge(2) release in a concentration-dependent manner with the ic(50) value of approximately 2 microm, without affecting the cell viability even at 30 microm. by immunoblotting and rev ... | 2004 | 15322259 |
| inhibitory effects of crude alpha-mangostin, a xanthone derivative, on two different categories of colon preneoplastic lesions induced by 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine in the rat. | the purpose of this study was to examine whether crude alpha-mangostin (a major xanthone derivative in mangosteen pericarp (garcinia mangostana)) has short-term chemopreventive effects on putative preneoplastic lesions involved in rat colon carcinogenesis. the crude preparation was obtained by simple recrystallization of an ethylacetate extract of mangosteen pericarps. a total of 33 five-week-old male f344 rats were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups. rats in groups 1-3 were given a sub ... | 2004 | 15546251 |
| antibacterial activity of alpha-mangostin against vancomycin resistant enterococci (vre) and synergism with antibiotics. | alpha-mangostin, isolated from the stem bark of garcinia mangostana l., was found to be active against vancomycin resistant enterococci (vre) and methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), with mic values of 6.25 and 6.25 to 12.5 microg/ml, respectively. our studies showed synergism between alpha-mangostin and gentamicin (gm) against vre, and alpha-mangostin and vancomycin hydrochloride (vcm) against mrsa. further studies showed partial synergism between alpha-mangostin and commercially ... | 2005 | 15830842 |
| activity of medicinal plant extracts against hospital isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | aqueous and ethanolic extracts of ten traditional thai medicinal plants were investigated for their ability to inhibit 35 hospital isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). nine medicinal plants displayed activity against all isolates tested. ethanolic extracts of garcinia mangostana, punica granatum and quercus infectoria were most effective, with mics for mrsa isolates of 0.05-0.4, 0.2-0.4 and 0.2-0.4 mg/ml, respectively, and for s. aureus atcc 25923 of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.1 m ... | 2005 | 15882206 |
| antimicrobial effects of thai medicinal plants against acne-inducing bacteria. | propionibacterium acnes and staphylococcus epidermidis have been recognized as pus-forming bacteria triggering an inflammation in acne. the present study was conducted to evaluate antimicrobial activities of thai medicinal plants against these etiologic agents of acne vulgaris. crude extracts were tested for antimicrobial activities by disc diffusion and broth dilution methods. the results from the disc diffusion method showed that 13 medicinal plants could inhibit the growth of propionibacteriu ... | 2005 | 16009519 |
| cytotoxic prenylated xanthones from the young fruit of garcinia mangostana. | three new prenylated xanthones, mangostenones c (1), d (2), and e (3), together with 16 known xanthones 4-19, were isolated from the young fruit (7-week maturity stage) of garcinia mangostana. the structural elucidation of the new compounds was mainly established on the basis of 1d and 2d nmr and hr-ms spectroscopic analysis. compound 1 showed cytotoxic properties against three human cancer cell lines, epidermoid carcinoma of the mouth (kb), breast cancer (bc-1), and small cell lung cancer (nci- ... | 2006 | 16508181 |
| antioxidant xanthones from the pericarp of garcinia mangostana (mangosteen). | as part of ongoing research on cancer chemopreventive agents from botanical dietary supplements, garcinia mangostana l. (commonly known as mangosteen) was selected for detailed study. repeated chromatography of a ch2cl2-soluble extract of the pericarp led to the isolation of two new highly oxygenated prenylated xanthones, 8-hydroxycudraxanthone g (1) and mangostingone [7-methoxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-8-(3-methyl-2-oxo-3-butenyl)-1,3,6-trihydroxyxanthone, 2], together with 12 known xanthones, cu ... | 2006 | 16536578 |
| antioxidative and neuroprotective activities of extracts from the fruit hull of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn.). | the aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidative and neuroprotective activities of various extracts from the fruit hull of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn., gm). | 2006 | 16763395 |
| prenylated xanthones as potential antiplasmodial substances. | mangostin, the major xanthone of garcinia mangostana, and a series of synthetic derivatives were investigated for their in vitro antiplasmodial activity against plasmodium falciparum. mangostin itself showed moderate activity, but prenylated xanthones containing alkylamino functional groups exhibited quite potent antiplasmodial activity. some structure-activity relationships are proposed. | 2006 | 16902859 |
| characterized mechanism of alpha-mangostin-induced cell death: caspase-independent apoptosis with release of endonuclease-g from mitochondria and increased mir-143 expression in human colorectal cancer dld-1 cells. | alpha-mangostin, a xanthone from the pericarps of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn.), was evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against human colon cancer dld-1 cells. the number of viable cells was consistently decreased by the treatment with alpha-mangostin at more than 20 microm. the cytotoxic effect of 20 microm alpha-mangostin was found to be mainly due to apoptosis, as indicated by morphological findings. western blotting, the results of an apoptosis inhibition assay using caspase inhibi ... | 2007 | 17553685 |
| comparative study of health properties and nutritional value of durian, mangosteen, and snake fruit: experiments in vitro and in vivo. | in vitro and in vivo studies of the health and nutritional properties of durian (durio zibethinus murr.) were compared with snake fruit (salacca edulis reinw.) and mangosteen (garcinia mangostana). dietary fibers, minerals, and trace metals were comparable. total polyphenols (mg of gae/100 g of fw) and flavonoids (85.1+/-6.1) were significantly higher (p<0.05) than in snake fruit (217.1+/-13.2 (mg of ce/100 g of fw)), durian (309.7+/-19.3 and 61.2+/-4.9), and mangosteen (190.3+/-12.1 and 54.1+/- ... | 2007 | 17567034 |
| effect of garcinia mangostana on inflammation caused by propionibacterium acnes. | the present study was aimed to investigate the activity of thai medicinal plants on inflammation caused by propionibacterium acnes in terms of free radical scavenging and cytokine reducing properties. p. acnes have been recognized as pus-forming bacteria triggering an inflammation in acne. antioxidant activity was determined by dpph scavenging and nbt reduction assay. the result showed that garcinia mangostana possessed the most significant antioxidant activity and reduced reactive oxygen specie ... | 2007 | 17644272 |
| anti-inflammatory activity of mangostins from garcinia mangostana. | the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana linn (guttiferae) is used as an anti-inflammatory drug in southeast asia. two xanthones, alpha- and gamma-mangostins, were isolated from the fruit hull of g. mangostana, and both significantly inhibited nitric oxide (no) and pge(2) production from lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated raw 264.7 cells. the ic(50) values for the inhibition of no production by alpha- and gamma-mangostins were 12.4 and 10.1 microm, respectively. after inos enzyme activity was stim ... | 2008 | 18029076 |
| berry fruits: compositional elements, biochemical activities, and the impact of their intake on human health, performance, and disease. | an overwhelming body of research has now firmly established that the dietary intake of berry fruits has a positive and profound impact on human health, performance, and disease. berry fruits, which are commercially cultivated and commonly consumed in fresh and processed forms in north america, include blackberry ( rubus spp.), black raspberry ( rubus occidentalis), blueberry ( vaccinium corymbosum), cranberry (i.e., the american cranberry, vaccinium macrocarpon, distinct from the european cranbe ... | 2008 | 18211023 |
| inhibitory effect of xanthones isolated from the pericarp of garcinia mangostana l. on rat basophilic leukemia rbl-2h3 cell degranulation. | mangostin, garcinia mangostana l. is used as a traditional medicine in southeast asia for inflammatory and septic ailments. hitherto we indicated the anticancer activity induced by xanthones such as alpha-, beta-, and gamma-mangostin which were major constituents of the pericarp of mangosteen fruits. in this study, we examined the effect of xanthones on cell degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia rbl-2h3 cells. antigen (ag)-mediated stimulation of high affinity ige receptor (fcepsilonri) activ ... | 2008 | 18328716 |
| ameliorative prospective of alpha-mangostin, a xanthone derivative from garcinia mangostana against beta-adrenergic cathecolamine-induced myocardial toxicity and anomalous cardiac tnf-alpha and cox-2 expressions in rats. | altered membrane integrity and inflammation play a key role in cardiovascular damage. we investigated the salubrious effect of exogenously administered alpha-mangostin against beta-adrenergic cathecolamine-induced cardiovascular toxicity with special reference to membrane atpases, lysosomal hydrolases and inflammatory mediators tnf-alpha and cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) expressions in albino rats. induction of rats with isoproterenol (150mg/kg body wt, i.p.) for 2 days resulted in a significant incr ... | 2008 | 18424012 |
| field suppression of the invasive ant wasmannia auropunctata (hymenoptera: formicidae) in a tropical fruit orchard in hawaii. | the little fire ant, wasmannia auropunctata (roger) (hymenoptera: formicidae), is an invasive ant that forms supercolonies when it successfully invades new areas. w. auropunctata was first reported in hawaii in 1999, and it has since invaded a variety of agricultural sites, including nurseries, orchards, and pastures. amdro (hydramethylnon; in bait stations), esteem (pyriproxyfen; broadcast bait), and conserve (spinosad; ground spray) were tested for their efficacy against w. auropunctata in a r ... | 2008 | 18767711 |
| thin-layer chromatography-densitometric analysis of alpha-mangostin content in garcinia mangostana fruit rind extracts. | the fruit rinds of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn.) have long been used as traditional medicines for treatment of skin infections, wounds, and diarrhea. a simple thin-layer chromatography (tlc)-densitometric method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of alpha-mangostin in the extracts from unripe and ripe fruit rinds of g. mangostana. it was found in the ranges of 10.48 +/- 0.83 and 16.65 +/- 0.38% (w/w) in the dried unripe and ripe fruit rinds, respectively. the method ... | 2008 | 18980132 |
| pichia garciniae sp. nov., isolated from a rotten mangosteen fruit (garcinia mangostana l., clusiaceae). | ascogenous yeasts were isolated from a decaying mangosteen fruit (garcinia mangostana l., clusiaceae). based on colony morphology and rapd analysis, the strains were grouped into four groups (g-i, g-ii, g-iii and g-iv). phenotypic properties and analysis of the d1/d2 domain sequence of the 26s rrna gene identified representative members of groups g-ii, g-iii and g-iv as pichia manshurica (=pichia galeiformis), pichia fermentans and pichia anomala, respectively. representatives of group g-i, ys11 ... | 2008 | 18984711 |
| antibacterial activity of thai medicinal plants against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is a major nosocomial pathogen which causes severe morbidity and mortality worldwide. seventeen thai medicinal plants were investigated for their activity against mrsa. garcinia mangostana was identified as the most potent plant, and its activity was traced to the prenylated xanthone, alpha-mangostin (mic and mbc values of 1.95 and 3.91 microg/ml, respectively). | 2009 | 19022354 |
| alpha-mangostin suppresses pc-3 human prostate carcinoma cell metastasis by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 and urokinase-plasminogen expression through the jnk signaling pathway. | alpha-mangostin, a component of garcinia mangostana linn, is a xanthone derivative shown to have antioxidant and anticarcinogen properties. in this study, we first report the antimetastatic effect of alpha-mangostin in the human prostate carcinoma cell line pc-3. the results show that alpha-mangostin exhibited an inhibitory effect on the abilities of adhesion, migration, and invasion by cell-matrix adhesion assay, wound healing assay, and boyden chamber assay. in the cancer cell metastasis proce ... | 2009 | 19178296 |
| anti-cancer effects of xanthones from pericarps of mangosteen. | mangosteen, garcinia mangostana linn, is a tree found in south east asia, and its pericarps have been used as traditional medicine. phytochemical studies have shown that they contain a variety of secondary metabolites, such as oxygenated and prenylated xanthones. recent studies revealed that these xanthones exhibited a variety of biological activities containing anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-cancer effects. we previously investigated the anti-proliferative effects of four prenylate ... | 2008 | 19325754 |
| bioaccessibility, biotransformation, and transport of alpha-mangostin from garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) using simulated digestion and caco-2 human intestinal cells. | alpha- and gamma-mangostin are the most abundant prenylated xanthones present in the fruit of the mangosteen tree. these compounds have been reported to possess numerous bioactivities that have provided the impetus for use of mangosteen products as nutraceuticals and in functional foods and dietary supplements. the health-promoting benefits of mangosteen are dependent on delivery of the xanthones to target tissues. here, we used simulated digestion and caco-2 cells to investigate the digestive s ... | 2009 | 19415666 |
| panaxanthone isolated from pericarp of garcinia mangostana l. suppresses tumor growth and metastasis of a mouse model of mammary cancer. | the antitumor growth and antimetastatic activity of panaxanthone (approximately 80% alpha-mangostin and 20% gamma-mangostin) were studied in a mouse metastatic mammary cancer model that produces a metastatic spectrum similar to that seen in human breast cancer. | 2009 | 19596918 |
| systematic analysis of in vitro photo-cytotoxic activity in extracts from terrestrial plants in peninsula malaysia for photodynamic therapy. | one hundred and fifty-five extracts from 93 terrestrial species of plants in peninsula malaysia were screened for in vitro photo-cytotoxic activity by means of a cell viability test using a human leukaemia cell-line hl60. these plants which can be classified into 43 plant families are diverse in their type of vegetation and their natural habitat in the wild, and may therefore harbour equally diverse metabolites with potential pharmaceutical properties. of these, 29 plants, namely three from each ... | 2009 | 19647445 |
| activity of mangosteen xanthones and teleocidin a-2 in death receptor expression enhancement and tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand assays. | a screening study using a luciferase assay to identify natural products that enhance death receptor 5 (dr5) expression was carried out, and bioassay-guided fractionation of two organisms, the pericarp of garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) and actinomycete ckk609 strain, led to the isolation of eight xanthone derivatives (1-8) and teleocidin a-2 (9). among them, compounds 1, 2, and 5, isolated from g. mangostana, and 9, from the actinomycete, showed potent dr5 promoter activity. furthermore, we rev ... | 2010 | 19788289 |
| mitigation of mitochondrial dysfunction and regulation of enos expression during experimental myocardial necrosis by alpha-mangostin, a xanthonic derivative from garcinia mangostana. | oxidative stress can play a key role in myocardial necrosis. the present study was designed to investigate the effect of alpha-mangostin (an antioxidant phytonutrient) on mitochondrial dysfunction and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (enos) expression during isoproterenol-induced myocardial necrosis in rats. induction of rats with isoproterenol (iso) (150 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) for 2 days resulted in a significant decrease in the activities of respiratory chain enzymes (nadh dehy ... | 2009 | 19793027 |
| bioavailability and antioxidant effects of a xanthone-rich mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) product in humans. | oxidative damage is involved in many chronic diseases including those cited as the major causes of death in western societies such as cardiovascular disorders and cancer. antioxidants may prevent these degenerative processes by various mechanisms including the scavenging of free radicals. intake of antioxidant supplements is associated with preventing oxidative damages. this study investigated the absorption and antioxidant effects of a xanthone-rich mangosteen liquid in healthy human volunteers ... | 2009 | 19807152 |
| cytotoxic xanthone constituents of the stem bark of garcinia mangostana (mangosteen). | bioassay-guided fractionation of a chloroform-soluble extract of garcinia mangostana stem bark, using the ht-29 human colon cancer cell line and an enzyme-based elisa nf-kappab assay, led to the isolation of a new xanthone, 11-hydroxy-3-o-methyl-1-isomangostin (1). the structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis. in addition, 10 other known compounds, 11-hydroxy-1-isomangostin (2), 11alpha-mangostanin (3), 3-isomangostin (4), alpha-mangostin (5), beta-mangostin (6), garcinone d ... | 2009 | 19839614 |
| new medicinal properties of mangostins: analgesic activity and pharmacological characterization of active ingredients from the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana l. | the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana l. contains oxygenated and prenylated phenol derivatives, such as xanthones or xanthen-9h-ones, and is used by people in southeast asia as a traditional medicine for the treatment of abdominal pain, dysentery, wound infections, suppuration, and chronic ulcer. we isolated the active ingredients from the crude ethanol extract of g.mangostana l. (cem) and investigated their analgesic effects and underlying mechanisms. cem at intragastric (i.g.) doses of 0.5, 1, ... | 2010 | 20064550 |
| potential of xanthones from tropical fruit mangosteen as anti-cancer agents: caspase-dependent apoptosis induction in vitro and in mice. | the pericarp of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) is rich in various xanthones that are known to possess unique biological activities. in this work, we characterized the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activities of mangosteen xanthones both in vitro and in mice. in vitro analysis with a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line, colo 205, showed that mangosteen xanthones not only inhibit the proliferation of target cells but also induce their death by apoptosis that involves the activation o ... | 2010 | 20101528 |
| protective effect of mangosteen extract against beta-amyloid-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and altered proteome in sk-n-sh cells. | beta-amyloid (a beta) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of alzheimer's disease (ad) by inducing neurotoxicity and cell death mainly through production of reactive oxygen species (ros). garcinia mangostana l. (mangosteen) has been recognized as a major source of natural antioxidants that could decrease ros. however, its role in protection of a beta-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in neuronal cells remains unclear. we therefore examined such a protective effect of mangosteen extract (me) by ... | 2010 | 20232907 |
| assessment of antioxidant capacity and cytotoxicity of selected malaysian plants. | thirteen malaysian plants; artocarpus champeden, azadirachta indica, fragaria x ananassa, garcinia mangostana, lawsonia inermis, mangifera indica, nephelium lappaceum, nephelium mutobile, peltophorum pterocarpum, psidium guajava and syzygium aqueum, selected for their use in traditional medicine, were subjected to a variety of assays. antioxidant capability, total phenolic content, elemental composition, as well as it cytotoxity to several cell lines of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts from di ... | 2010 | 20428033 |
| enhanced growth of lactobacilli in soymilk upon immobilization on agrowastes. | cell immobilization is an alternative to microencapsulation for the maintenance of cells in a liquid medium. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of agrowastes from durian (durio zibethinus), cempedak (artocarpus champeden), and mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) as immobilizers for lactobacilli grown in soymilk. rinds from the agrowastes were separated from the skin, dried, and ground (150 microm) to form powders and used as immobilizers. scanning electron microscopy revealed t ... | 2010 | 20492305 |
| use of asiatic pennywort centella asiatica aqueous extract as a bath treatment to control columnaris in nile tilapia. | to develop antibiotic-free and chemical-free aquaculture, it is necessary to have natural substances to control diseases of aquatic animals. the aim of this study was to find an herb having therapeutic effect against columnaris, a fish disease caused by the bacterium flavobacterium columnare. of all tested herbs (including kalmegh andrographis paniculata, candle bush cassia alata, asiatic pennywort centella asiatica, mangosteen garcinia mangostana, pomegranate punica granatum, and guava psidium ... | 2010 | 20575361 |
| the classical drug discovery approach to defining bioactive constituents of botanicals. | in this review, several recently identified biologically active principles of selected botanical dietary supplement ingredients are described, and were isolated using classical phytochemical chromatographic methods, with various spectroscopic procedures used for their isolation and structure elucidation. a central component of such an approach is "activity-guided fractionation" to monitor the compound purification process. in vitro assays germane to cancer chemoprevention were used to facilitate ... | 2011 | 20804827 |
| fatty acid synthase inhibitors of phenolic constituents isolated from garcinia mangostana. | natural inhibitors of fatty acid synthase (fas) are emerging as potential therapeutic agents to treat cancer and obesity. the bioassay-guided chemical investigation of the hulls of garcinia mangostana led to the isolation of 13 phenolic compounds (1-13) mainly including xanthone and benzophenone, in which compounds 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 were isolated from this plant for the first time and compound 9 was a new natural product. these isolates possess strong inhibitory activity of fas with the ic(50) ... | 2010 | 20817450 |
| doxorubicin-induced central nervous system toxicity and protection by xanthone derivative of garcinia mangostana. | doxorubicin (dox) is a potent, broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic drug used around the world. despite its effectiveness, it has a wide range of toxic side effects, many of which most likely result from its inherent pro-oxidant activity. it has been reported that dox has toxic effects on normal tissues, including brain tissue. the present study tested the protective effect of a xanthone derivative of garcinia mangostana against dox-induced neuronal toxicity. xanthone can prevent dox from causing mon ... | 2010 | 21074598 |
| apoptotic effects of γ-mangostin from the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana on human malignant glioma cells. | gliomas are a common type of primary brain tumor with glioblastoma multiforme accounting for the majority of human brain tumors. in this paper, high grade human malignant glioblastomas (mgs) including u87 mg and gbm 8401 were used to evaluate the antitumor effects of γ-mangostin, a xanthone derivative isolated and purified from the hull of the tropical fruit garcinia mangostana. the γ-mangostin showed potent antiproliferative activity toward mgs in dose- and time-dependent manners. in addition, ... | 2010 | 21139533 |
| inhibition of chemiluminescence and chemotactic activity of phagocytes in vitro by the extracts of selected medicinal plants. | the methanol extracts of 20 selected medicinal plants were investigated for their effects on the respiratory burst of human whole blood, isolated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) and isolated mice macrophages using a luminol/lucigenin-based chemiluminescence assay. we also tested the effect of the extracts on chemotactic migration of pmns using the boyden chamber technique. the extracts of curcuma domestica l., phyllanthus amarus schum & thonn and c. xanthorrhiza roxb. were the samples ... | 2010 | 21184195 |
| pharmacokinetics of α-mangostin in rats after intravenous and oral application. | the xanthone α-mangostin is one of the major bioactive secondary metabolites in garcinia mangostana. until now, in vivo studies on the absorption, bioavailability, disposition, and metabolism of α-mangostin are limited. | 2011 | 21254395 |
| antimicrobial actions of a-mangostin against oral streptococci. | the increasing prevalence of dental caries is making it more of a major world health problem. caries is the direct result of acid production by cariogenic oral bacteria, especially streptococcus mutans. new and better antimicrobial agents active against cariogenic bacteria are badly needed, especially natural agents derived directly from plants. we have evaluated the inhibitory actions of a-mangostin, a xanthone purified from ethanolic extracts of the tropical plant garcinia mangostana l., by re ... | 2011 | 21358763 |
| microbial metabolism of a-mangostin isolated from garcinia mangostana l. | a-mangostin (1), a prenylated xanthone isolated from the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana l., was individually metabolized by two fungi, colletotrichum gloeosporioides (eyl131) and neosartorya spathulata (eyr042), repectively. incubation of 1 with c. gloeosporioides (eyl131) gave four metabolites which were identified as mangostin 3-sulfate (2), mangostanin 6-sulfate (3), 17,18-dihydroxymangostanin 6-sulfate (4)and isomangostanin 3-sulfate (5). compound 2 was also formed by incubation with n. s ... | 2011 | 21377704 |
| a-mangostin induces apoptosis in human chondrosarcoma cells through downregulation of erk/jnk and akt signaling pathway. | chondrosarcoma is a malignant primary bone tumor that is resistant to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. a-mangostin, a component of garcinia mangostana linn, is a xanthone derivative shown to have antioxidant and antitumor properties. this study is the first to investigate anticancer effects of a-mangostin in the human chondrosarcoma cell line sw1353. we showed that a-mangostin inhibited cell proliferation of sw1353 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner by using the trypan blue exclusion ... | 2011 | 21446759 |
| comparative effect of lactobacillus casei and a commercial mangosteen dietary supplement on body weight gain and antibody response to newcastle disease virus vaccine in fighting roosters. | abstract the aim of the present study was to compare the effect of lactobacillus casei and a commercial mixed combination of fruit juice that included garcinia mangostana fruit extract on body weight gain from 7 to 90 days of age, on the antibody response 23 days after vaccination against newcastle disease virus (ndv), and on the mortality in fighting roosters. fifty-four 7-day-old birds were randomly distributed into three groups (treated with l. casei, g. mangostana, and saline solution [lc, g ... | 2011 | 21548799 |
| structural characterization, biological effects, and synthetic studies on xanthones from mangosteen (garcinia mangostana), a popular botanical dietary supplement. | mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l., clusiaceae) is a popular botanical dietary supplement in the united states, where it is used principally as an antioxidant. it is referred to as the "queen of fruits" in thailand, a country of origin. the major secondary metabolites of mangosteen, the xanthones, exhibit a variety of biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, cytotoxic, and potential cancer chemopreventive activities. moreover, some ... | 2008 | 21562610 |
| alpha-mangostin extracted from the pericarp of the mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn) reduces tumor growth and lymph node metastasis in an immunocompetent xenograft model of metastatic mammary cancer carrying a p53 mutation. | abstract: background: the mangosteen fruit has a long history of medicinal use in chinese and ayurvedic medicine. recently, the compound alpha-mangostin, which is isolated from the pericarp of the fruit, was shown to induce cell death in various types of cancer cells in vitro studies. this led us to investigate the antitumor growth and antimetastatic activities of alpha-mangostin in an immunocompetent xenograft model of mouse metastatic mammary cancer having a p53 mutation that induces a metasta ... | 2011 | 21639868 |
| cytotoxic effect of xanthones from pericarp of the tropical fruit mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn.) on human melanoma cells. | mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn.) is a tropical tree from south east asia and its fruit pericarp is a well-known traditional medicine. in this study, the cytotoxic effect of three xanthone compounds (+¦-mangostin, +¦-mangostin, and 8-deoxygartanin) from mangosteen pericarp was investigated using the human melanoma sk-mel-28 cell line. significant dose-dependent reduction in % cell viability was induced. +¦-mangostin and 8-deoxygartanine at 5++g/ml increased the cell cycle arrest in g(1) pha ... | 2011 | 21723363 |
| antifibrotic constituents from garcinia mangostana. | from the chcl3-soluble fraction of the fruits of garcinia mangostana (clusiaceae), six xanthone derivatives, alpha-mangostin (1), gamma-mangostin (2), gartanin (3), deoxygartanin (4), 1-isomangstanin (5) and garcinone e (6), were isolated. all these compounds significantly inhibited hsc-t6 viability as assessed by employing hsc-t6 hepatic stellate cells as an in vitro assay system. among them, compounds 1 and 2, the most potent and major constituents of g. mangostana, inhibited hsc-t6 viability ... | 2011 | 21941895 |
| xanthones from mangosteen extracts as natural chemopreventive agents: potential anticancer drugs. | despite decades of research, the treatment and management of malignant tumors still remain a formidable challenge for public health. new strategies for cancer treatment are being developed, and one of the most promising treatment strategies involves the application of chemopreventive agents. the search for novel and effective cancer chemopreventive agents has led to the identification of various naturally occurring compounds. xanthones, from the pericarp, whole fruit, heartwood, and leaf of mang ... | 2011 | 21902651 |
| anthelminthic properties of mangostin and mangostin diacetate. | few anthelminthic drugs are available for human use despite the significant burden caused by helminth infections. we studied the activities of mangostin, a major bioactive xanthone isolated from the pericarp and fruit of garcinia mangostana and of the synthetic derivative mangostin diacetate. mangostin and mangostin diacetate lacked activity against the nematodes heligmosomoides polygyrus (third-stage larvae (l3)), ancylostoma ceylanicum l3, and trichuris muris adults and showed only low activit ... | 2012 | 22265670 |
| antibacterial activity of extracts from five medicinal plants and their formula against bacteria that cause chronic wound infection. | chronic wound is caused by various factors such as chemotherapy, gene damage, treatment with steroids, diabetes mellitus, renal failure, blood pressure, infection and nutritional factors. one of the most common causes is bacterial infection. antibacterial activity of several herbal plants has been reported. thai medicinal plants which possess biological activities are potential to develop an alternative treatment of bacterial infection. | 2011 | 22619924 |
| α-mangostin reduced er stress-mediated tumor growth through autophagy activation. | α-mangostin is a xanthon derivative contained in the fruit hull of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.), and the administration of α-mangostin inhibited the growth of transplanted colon cancer, her/ct26 cells which expressed her-2/neu as tumor antigen. although α-mangostin was reported to have inhibitory activity against sarco/endoplasmic reticulum ca(2+) atpase like thapsigargin, it showed different activity for autophagy regulation. in the current study, we found that α-mangostin induced autoph ... | 2012 | 23396851 |
| mangostanaxanthones i and ii, new xanthones from the pericarp of garcinia mangostana. | two new xanthones: mangostanaxanthones i (3) and ii (5) were isolated from the pericarp of garcinia mangostana, along with four known xanthones: 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone (1), parvifolixanthone c (2), α-mangostin (4), and rubraxanthone (6). their structures were elucidated on the basis of ir, uv, 1d, 2d nmr, and ms spectroscopic data, in addition to comparison with literature data. the isolated compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and quorum-sensing inhibitory activities. ... | 2014 | 25128900 |
| phytochemical, antimicrobial and antiprotozoal evaluation of garcinia mangostana pericarp and α-mangostin, its major xanthone derivative. | five xanthone derivatives and one flavanol were isolated from the dichloromethane extract of garcinia mangostana. dichloromethane, ethyl acetate extract and the major xanthone (α-mangostin) were evaluated in vitro against erythrocytic schizonts of plasmodium falciparum, intracellular amastigotes of leishmania infantum and trypanosoma cruzi and free trypomastigotes of t. brucei. the major constituent α-mangostin was also checked for antimicrobial potential against candida albicans, escherichia co ... | 2013 | 24002136 |
| natural xanthones from garcinia mangostana with multifunctional activities for the therapy of alzheimer's disease. | natural xanthones have diversity pharmacological activities. here, a series of xanthones isolated from the pericarps of garcinia mangostana linn, named α-mangostin, 8-deoxygartanin, gartanin, garciniafuran, garcinone c, garcinone d, and γ-mangostin were investigated. biological screening performed in vitro and in escherichia coli cells indicated that most of the xanthones exhibited significant inhibition of self-induced β-amyloid (aβ) aggregation and also β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleavin ... | 2016 | 27038926 |
| evaluation of antimicrobial and antitumoral activity of garcinia mangostana l. (mangosteen) grown in southeast brazil. | to characterize the anatomy of the fruit and leaf and the presence of phytocompounds. to evaluate the antitumor and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of garcinia mangostana l. (mangosteen) cultivated in southeastern brazil. | 2014 | 25229510 |
| optimized extraction and characterization of antimicrobial phenolic compounds from mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) cultivation and processing waste. | applications for antimicrobials derived from the mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) plant are presently restricted by high production costs. extraction from cultivation or processing waste streams using a solvent-free approach could lessen to permit commercial applications in food processing and preservation. | 2013 | 23801044 |
| anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of garcinia mangostana extract in hamster opisthorchiasis. | administration of praziquantel for treatment of liver fluke infection may affect the host, with mild and severe effects after treatment caused by host immune response. therefore, we focused on the antioxidant property, inflammatory and anthelmintic effects of the traditional folk medicine, g. mangostana pericarp extract, in hamster opisthorchiasis. syrian hamsters were divided into four groups: normal (control) (n); administered g. mangostana alone (gm); infected with opisthorchis viverrini alon ... | 2015 | 25836376 |
| combating helicobacter pylori infections with mucoadhesive nanoparticles loaded with garcinia mangostana extract. | to combat the resistance of helicobacter pylori to antibiotics through the use of garcinia mangostana extract (gme) in the form that can be localized at stomach mucosa. | 2014 | 23731457 |
| antimicrobial effects of garcinia mangostana on cariogenic microorganisms. | garcinia mangostana commonly called as mangosteen fruit has been used as an antibacterial agent since age old times. the mangosteen pericarp has proven to have antibacterial effect, but the effect of the same on cariogenic organisms has not been explored. the present study was an attempt to gain a better understanding of the antibacterial effect of mangosteen pericarp on the cariogenic bacteria, to unravel the therapeutic potential for the same. | 2017 | 28274037 |
| histopathological changes in tissues of bithynia siamensis goniomphalos incubated in crude extracts of camellia seed and mangosteen pericarp. | the present study was performed to observe histopathological changes in tissues of bithynia siamensis goniomphalos (gastropoda, bithyniidae) incubated in crude extract solutions of camellia (camellia oleifera) seed and mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) pericarp, and furthermore to estimate the molluscicidal effects of 2 plant substances. substantial numbers of bithyniid snails were incubated in various concentrations of 2 plant solution for 24 hr. as the positive control, snails incubated in vari ... | 2013 | 24327779 |
| in vivo antimalarial activity of α-mangostin and the new xanthone δ-mangostin. | based on the previously reported in vitro antiplasmodial activity of several xanthones from garcinia mangostana, two xanthones, α-mangostin and a new compound, δ-mangostin, were isolated from mangosteen husk, and the in vitro antiplasmodial and cytotoxic effects were determined. α-mangostin was more active against the resistant plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistant (fcr3) strain (ic50 = 0.2 ± 0.01 μm) than δ-mangostin (ic50 = 121.2 ± 1.0 μm). furthermore, the therapeutic response accordi ... | 2015 | 25943035 |
| antimalarial activity of garcinia mangostana l rind and its synergistic effect with artemisinin in vitro. | malaria especially falciparum malaria still causes high morbidity and mortality in tropical countries. several factors have been linked to this situation and the most important one is the rapid spread of parasite resistance to the currently available antimalarials, including artemisinin. artemisinin is the main component of the currently recommended antimalarial, artemisinin based combination therapy (act), and it is a free radical generating antimalarial. garcinia mangostana l (mangosteen) rind ... | 2017 | 28241761 |
| proteomics analysis of antimalarial targets of garcinia mangostana linn. | to investigate possible protein targets for antimalarial activity of garcinia mangostana linn. (g. mangostana) (pericarp) in 3d7 plasmodium falciparum clone using 2-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry (lc/ms/ms). | 2014 | 25183269 |
| metabolite footprinting of plasmodium falciparum following exposure to garcinia mangostana linn. crude extract. | multidrug resistant plasmodium falciparum is the major health problem in the tropics. discovery and development of new antimalarial drugs with novel modes of action is urgently required. the aim of the present study was to investigate antimalarial activities of garcinia mangostana linn. crude ethanolic extract including its bioactive compounds as well as the metabolic footprinting of p. falciparum following exposure to g. mangostana linn. extract. the median (range) ic50 (concentration that inhi ... | 2014 | 25102435 |
| antimalarial activities of medicinal plants and herbal formulations used in thai traditional medicine. | malaria is one of the world's leading killer infectious diseases with high incidence and morbidity. the problem of multidrug-resistant plasmodium falciparum has been aggravating particularly in southeast asia. therefore, development of new potential antimalarial drugs is urgently required. the present study aimed to investigate antimalarial activities of a total of 27 medicinal plants and 5 herbal formulations used in thai traditional medicine against chloroquine-resistant (k1) and chloroquine-s ... | 2013 | 23340720 |
| clinical and microbiological efficacy of 4% garcinia mangostana l. pericarp gel as local drug delivery in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized, controlled clinical trial. | the aim of the present study was to assess the periodontal status of individuals and the presence of red complex microorganisms (rcm), such as treponema denticola (td), porphyromonas gingivalis, and tannerella forsythia in the subgingival tissues of periodontitis patients before and after the application of 4% mangostana gel (garcinia mangostana [mga]) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (srp). | 2017 | 28321995 |
| rumen microorganisms, methane production, and microbial protein synthesis affected by mangosteen peel powder supplement in lactating dairy cows. | four crossbred dairy cows (50 % holstein-friesian × 50 % thai native), 404 ± 50.0 kg of body weight (4 years old) and 90 ± 5 day in milk with daily milk production of 9 ± 2.0 kg/day, were randomly assigned according to a 4 × 4 latin square design to study the effect of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) peel powder (msp) supplementation on rumen microorganisms, methane production, and microbial protein synthesis fed concentrate containing yeast fermented cassava chip protein (yefecap). the treatme ... | 2016 | 26885988 |
| dna protection against oxidative damage using the hydroalcoholic extract of garcinia mangostana and alpha-mangostin. | garcinia mangostana, popularly known as "mangosteen fruit," originates from southeast asia and came to brazil about 80 years ago where it mainly grows in the states of pará and bahia. although mangosteen or its extracts have been used for ages in asian folk medicine, data on its potential genotoxicity is missing. we, therefore, evaluated genotoxicity/mutagenicity of hydroethanolic mangosteen extract [hegm, 10 to 640 μg/ml] in established test assays (comet assay, micronucleus test, and salmonell ... | 2016 | 27042187 |
| effect of different levels of mangosteen peel powder supplement on the performance of dairy cows fed concentrate containing yeast fermented cassava chip protein. | this study aimed to investigate the effect of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) peel powder (msp) supplementation on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and milk production in lactating dairy cows fed a concentrate containing yeast fermented cassava chip protein (yefecap). four crossbred dairy cows (50 % holstein-friesian and 50 % thai native breed) in mid-lactation, 404 ± 50.0 kg of body weight and 90 ± 5 day in milk with daily milk production of 9 ± 2.0 kg/day, were rando ... | 2015 | 26205904 |
| in vivo antibacterial activity of garcinia mangostana pericarp extract against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in a mouse superficial skin infection model. | garcinia mangostana linn. (guttiferae) (gm) pericarp has been shown to exhibit good in vitro antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa); however, there is currently no available information regarding its in vivo antibacterial activity. | 2016 | 27180784 |
| thai herbal formulas used for wound treatment: a study of their antibacterial potency, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity effects. | this present work was aimed to investigate wound healing-related biologic activities of traditional herbal formulas used for wound treatment in southern thailand. | 2013 | 23363309 |
| rapid bactericidal action of alpha-mangostin against mrsa as an outcome of membrane targeting. | the emergence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) has created the need for better therapeutic options. in this study, five natural xanthones were extracted and purified from the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana and their antimicrobial properties were investigated. α-mangostin was identified as the most potent among them against gram-positive pathogens (mic=0.78-1.56 μg/ml) which included two mrsa isolates. α-mangostin also exhibited rapid in vitro bactericidal activity (3-log ... | 2013 | 22982495 |
| antibacterial activity of xanthones from garcinia mangostana (l.) and their structure-activity relationship studies. | antibacterial activities of prenylated xanthones from garcinia mangostana and their synthetic analogues were investigated, and their structure-activity relationships have been studied. γ-mangostin has shown antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus (mssa), vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (vre) and vancomycin-sensitive enterococcus (vse) strains at mics 3.13, 6.25, 6.25 and 6.25 µg ml(-1), respectively. in thes ... | 2013 | 22494050 |
| synergism and the mechanism of action of the combination of α-mangostin isolated from garcinia mangostana l. and oxacillin against an oxacillin-resistant staphylococcus saprophyticus. | globally, staphylococci have developed resistance to many antibiotics. new approaches to chemotherapy are needed and one such approach could be to use plant derived actives with conventional antibiotics in a synergestic way. the purpose of this study was to isolate α-mangostin from the mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.; gml) and investigate antibacterial activity and mechanisms of action when used singly and when combined with oxacillin against oxacillin-resistant staphylococcus saprophyticus ( ... | 2016 | 27566110 |
| anti-biofilm activity of α-mangostin isolated from garcinia mangostana l. | this study was carried out to further examine the anti-biofilm activity of α-mangostin (αmg) isolated from garcinia mangostana l. grown in vietnam, against a strongly biofilm producing streptococcus mutans, a major causative agent of dental caries. the obtained data indicated that topical applications (twice-daily, 60 s exposure each) of 150 μm αmg during biofilm formation on the surfaces of hydroxyapatite disks (sha) by s. mutans ua159 resulted in 30.7% reduction in biofilm accumulation after 6 ... | 2015 | 26618571 |