| anti-brucella agglutinins in bats and "callithrix" monkeys. | anti-brucella agglutinins were found in 5 of 53 (9.4%) vampire bats desmodus rotundus, captured in the state of bahia, brasil. two specimens of diphylla ecaudata were negative. fifty specimens of the small monkey, callithrix penicillata, were also negative. | 1976 | 815569 |
| failure to develop homologous immunity to a second challenge with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in the black-plumed marmoset (callithrix penicillata). | | 1992 | 1566300 |
| recovery of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis from hepatic aspirates of the black-plumed marmoset, callithrix penicillata. | | 1991 | 1780984 |
| [yersinia pseudotuberculosis in new world monkeys]. | it is reported on four cases of pseudotuberculosis in 2 saimiri sciureus, 1 callithrix jacchus/penicillata hybrid and 1 s. oedipus. the animals came from two different groups, one being infected with y. pseudotuberculosis serotype i, the other with y. pseudotuberculosis serotype ii. all cases showed intestinal infection of thermophile campylobacter. remarkable were severe haemorrhagic components and the distinct rhs-proliferation, especially in the mesenteric lymphatic nodes. | 1991 | 2015031 |
| isolation and identification of strains of bacteroides fragilis group from the digestive tract of callithrix penicillata marmosets. | thirty-five strains of the bacteroides fragilis group were isolated from oral and intestinal samples from 5 wild caught, captive callithrix penicillata. nine oral strains of bacteroides fragilis (7) and bacteroides distasonis (2), and 26 intestinal strains of bacteroides fragilis (14) and bacteroides distasonis (12) were identified. | 1990 | 2106054 |
| experimental infection with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis in the marmoset, callithrix penicillata (primates:callithricidae). | fourteen marmosets (callithrix penicillata) were inoculated intradermally with promastigotes and/or amastigotes of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis (l. (v) b.) strains mhom/br/83/ltb-300 mhom/br/85/ltb-12 mhom/br/81/ltb-179 and mhom/br/82/ltb-250. the evolution of subsequent lesions was studied for 15 to 75 weeks post-inoculation (pi). all but 3 of the l. (v) b. injected marmosets developed a cutaneous lesion at the point of inoculation after 3 to 9 weeks, characterized by the appearance of sub ... | 1990 | 2152198 |
| refractoriness of callithrix penicillata red blood cells to plasmodium falciparum in vivo and in vitro. | attempts to infect the new world marmot callithrix penicillata with plasmodium falciparum were unsuccessful. attempts were also made to infect red blood cells of c. penicillata and saimiri sciureus with p. falciparum in vitro, and these too were unsuccessful due to a high rate of hemolysis produced by apparently adverse culture conditions. it is concluded that modifications to the existing culture conditions will need to be made before successful parasitemia can be induced in vitro in simian ery ... | 1988 | 3132548 |
| experimental infections of simians with human malaria: attempts to infect callithrix penicillata with plasmodium falciparum. | after reviewing the use of non-human primates of the old and new worlds for human malaria research, we concluded that another experimental animal which is easily available to use and possible to rear indoors is needed. thus, we studied the susceptibility of the marmoset callithrix penicillata to plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic infections. the marmosets received various p. falciparum human isolates, directly from a patient and from continuous cultures. the palo alto strain, which has been adap ... | 1987 | 3149726 |
| a marmoset model for some new world dermatotropic leishmaniases. | callithrix penicillata is a good model for dermatotropic strains of some new world leishmania species (l. mexicana mexicana, l. m. amazonensis, and l. braziliensis guyanensis). both amastigotes and promastigotes readily infect these primates, with a relative short period of incubation. the developed lesions parallel those found in man, and despite the self healing presented by some marmosets, cell and serum immunological responses are presented. skin alterations are confined to the site of inocu ... | 1988 | 3152280 |
| [studies on wild reservoirs and vectors of trypanosoma cruzi. 37. natural infection of the monkey, callithrix penicillata jordani (thomas, 1904) by t. cruzi]. | | 1969 | 4984566 |
| skin reaction in callithrix jacchus penicillata to phytohemagglutinin. | sixty marmosets (callithrix jacchus penicillata) were intradermally tested with phytohemagglutinin. it was possible to classify this population into three groups on the basis of the reactions: 1. negatives, 2. those which showed just local hemorrhage, and finally 3. a group which developed a wheal as well as hemorrhage. the biopsy at the site of the reaction demonstrated several microscopic foci. this finding contrasted with the homogeneous cellular infiltration found in the human controls. | 1982 | 6187198 |
| morphometry of the seminiferous tubules of marmoset monkey callithrix penicillata jordani. | | 1984 | 6443230 |
| [biochemistry of schistosomiasis mansoni. v. - mitochondrial activity in the livers and the kidneys of marmosets (callithrix penicillata) infested with schistosoma mansoni]. | | 1983 | 6648296 |
| in vitro activity of two beta-lactam antibiotics against strains of the bacteroides fragilis group isolated from humans and from callithrix penicillata marmosets. | the purpose of this study was to determine the in vitro activity of cefoxitin and imipenem against strains of the bacteroides fragilis group isolated from the intestinal tract of humans and callithrix penicillata marmosets. the majority of the human and marmosets b. fragilis strains was resistant to cefoxitin. the percentages of resistance to cefoxitin among b. fragilis marmoset strains were higher than those of human origin. on the other hand, the majority of the other bacteroides of the b. fra ... | 1994 | 7709091 |
| parasitism by primasubulura jacchi (marcel, 1857) inglis, 1958 and trichospirura leptostoma smith and chitwood, 1967 in callithrix penicillata marmosets, trapped in the wild environment and maintained in captivity. | | 1994 | 7823812 |
| long-term patency of blood parasitism by trypanosoma minasense and microfilariae in callithrix penicillata marmosets (primates, callitrichidae), caught at the wild and maintained in captivity. | | 1994 | 7823813 |
| extraction, partial purification and characterization of a bacteriocin (fragicilin) produced by a strain of bacteroides fragilis isolated from callithrix penicillata. | a strain of bacteroides fragilis, isolated from the marmoset callithrix penicillata, produced protein(s) with bacteriocin activity (fragicilin). two active fractions (36 and 150 kda) were isolated by chromatography. the bacteriocin exhibited iso- and heteroantagonism. it remained stable between ph 3 and 10 and at 60 degrees c for 24 h. pronase, trypsin, proteinase k and type vii protease inactivated the bacteriocin, giving evidence of its protein nature. | 1994 | 8090990 |
| marmosets in new world leishmaniasis research. | in leishmaniasis, the search for a suitable experimental animal model is highly recommended, especially in leishmania (viannia) braziliensis (l. (v) b) research. diverse species of neotropical primates have increasingly been used as experimental hosts of leishmania. this article describes aspects of parasite l(v)b and marmoset, callithrix penicillata (primates, callithricidae), interaction and summarizes the biology of parasitism in this primate model. results of recent studies on primary infect ... | 1993 | 8201929 |
| antimicrobial resistance and plasmid detection in strains of the bacteroides fragilis group. | resistant populations of the bacteroides fragilis group bacteria (two reference ones and two isolated from human and callithrix penicillata marmoset) were obtained by the gradient plate technique, to clindamycin, penicillin g, metronidazole and mercuric chloride. all the four tested strains were originally susceptible to the four antimicrobial drugs at the breakpoint used in this study. mics determination for the four cultures gave constant values for each antimicrobial, on the several steps by ... | 1993 | 8278739 |
| the haemoculture of trypanosoma minasense chagas, 1908. | trypanosoma minasense was isolated for the first time in blood axenic culture from a naturally infected marmoset, callithrix penicillata, from brazil. the parasite grew profusely in an overlay of roswell park memorial institute medium plus 20% foetal bovine serum, on novy, mcneal and nicolle medium (nnn), at 27 degrees c, with a peak around 168 hr. the morphometry of cultural forms of t. minasense, estimates of cell population size and comparative growth in four different media overlays always w ... | 1996 | 9070411 |
| group size and aggression: 'recruitment incentives' in a cooperatively breeding primate | in many cooperatively breeding birds and mammals, group size is positively correlated with reproductive success. in marmoset and tamarin monkeys, species that display cooperative breeding, the presence of helpers appears to be critical for offspring survival, and breeders might be expected to display social strategies that would regulate group size. this study investigated the association between group size and aggression towards strangers in wied's black tufted-ear marmosets, callithrix kuhlifr ... | 1997 | 9268447 |
| hand preference during behavioral tests and spontaneous activity in two species of common marmoset (callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata). | hand preference in two adult c. jacchus (one male and one female) and five c. penicillata (three adult females and two 70-day-old male and female infants) was examined in this study. animals were housed in large wire mesh cages and daily tested twice during 40 consecutive days in 15-minute experimental sessions. tests were carried out with dog food pellets and were as follows: 1) food taking from a glass cylinder (12 cm long x 5 cm diameter), 2) food taking from an opaque plastic flask (11 cm lo ... | 1997 | 9440356 |
| [herpesvirus infections in free living black tufted ear marmosets (callithrix penicillata, e. geoffroyi 1812) at the state park of serra da tiririca, niterói, rio de janeiro, brazil]. | the mortal cause of black-tufted-ear marmoset (callithrix penicillata), living in a conservation unit of state park of serra da tiririca-niterói-rj, brasilien, has been investigated in 1995 based on different examinations realized in one animal. after clinical, light and electron microscopic investigations, herpesvirus infection was found to be the etiological agent of the disease. | 1997 | 9451841 |
| bacteriocin production by fusobacterium isolates recovered from the oral cavity of human subjects with and without periodontal disease and of marmosets. | bacteriocin production has been studied in very few anaerobic bacteria, and no report is available for fusobacterium species. in the present study a total of 167 fusobacterium isolates were tested for bacteriocin production: 70 isolates were obtained from the oral cavity of patients with periodontal disease, 47 were recovered from healthy oral sites of human subjects and 50 from the oral cavity of callithrix penicillata. autoantagonism and isoantagonism were observed when the bacteriocin-produci ... | 1998 | 9795996 |
| polymorphism in trypomastigotes of trypanosoma (megatrypanum) minasense in the blood of experimentally infected squirrel monkey and marmosets. | experimental infections by trypanosoma (megatrypanum) minasense were performed in primates - saimiri sciureus and callithrix penicillata - with the objective of searching for morphological variations of the blood trypomastigotes with respect to hosts and time of infection. we carried out morphological and morphometric analysis of blood trypomastigotes. illustrations are given. both the squirrel monkey and marmoset became infected after the injection of blood trypomastigotes of t. minasense, alth ... | 1999 | 10464410 |
| measuring fear and anxiety in the marmoset (callithrix penicillata) with a novel predator confrontation model: effects of diazepam. | this report describes a new experimental method for measuring fear and anxiety in cerrado marmosets (callithrix penicillata). in order to test the sensitivity of the behavioral parameters to an anxiolytic substance, the effects of the benzodiazepine diazepam on the anxiety measures were examined. the strategy was to use a naturally occurring stimulus known to elicit anxiety and fear in this species. a taxidermized predator (the wild cat felis tigrina) was chosen as the stimulus to induce anxiety ... | 2000 | 10701664 |
| conservation value of a native forest fragment in a region of extensive agriculture. | a survey of mammals and birds was carried out in a semi-deciduous forest fragment of 150 ha located in a zone of intensive agriculture in ribeirão preto, state of são paulo, south-eastern brazil. line transect sampling was used to census mammals and birds during six days, totalling 27.8 km of trails and 27.8 hours of observation. twenty mammal species were confirmed in the area (except bats and small mammals), including rare or endangered species, such as the mountain lion (puma concolor), the m ... | 2000 | 10959107 |
| behavioral effects of buspirone in the marmoset employing a predator confrontation test of fear and anxiety. | in order to further validate the recently developed marmoset (callithrix penicillata) predator confrontation model of fear and anxiety, we investigated the behavioral effects of buspirone with this method. the apparatus consisted of three parallel arms connected at each end to a perpendicular arm, forming a figure-eight continuous maze. a taxidermized wild oncilla cat (felis tigrina) was positioned facing a corner of the parallel arms, alternating between the left or right side of the maze among ... | 2001 | 11267630 |
| [ilheus arbovirus in wild birds (sporophila caerulescens and molothrus bonariensis)]. | to report the first ilheus arboviruses isolated from wild birds and analyze its public health impact. | 2001 | 11359196 |
| ecological aspects of black-pincelled marmoset (callithrix penicillata) in the cerradão and dense cerrado of the brazilian central plateau. | ecological data about three free-ranging groups of c. penicillata (black-pincelled marmoset) were observed between march and december 1996, in one cerradão patch (in the ecological reserve of brazilian institute of geography and statistics, recor) and two patches of dense cerrado (one in the recor and another in the botanical garden of brasília, jbb), situated in the apa (area of environmental protection) of the gama/cabeça-de-veado, distrito federal. each area was visited weekly during three pe ... | 2001 | 11706566 |
| anxiolytic-like effects of substance p fragment (sp(1-7)) in non-human primates (callithrix penicillata). | the behavioral effects of the amino (n)-terminal fragment of substance p (sp(1-7)) on the marmoset (callithrix penicillata) predator confrontation test of fear/anxiety were investigated. the test apparatus consisted of a figure-eight maze with three parallel arms interconnected at each extremity to a perpendicular arm. a taxidermized oncilla cat (felis tigrina) was placed outside the maze facing one of its corners. subjects were submitted to seven 30 min maze habituation trials (hts), in the abs ... | 2002 | 12084529 |
| anxiolytic-like effects of the selective 5-ht1a receptor antagonist way 100635 in non-human primates. | non-human primates provide important insights into the potential use of 5-ht(1a) receptor antagonists in treating human anxiety disorders and as research tools, given the existent inconsistencies in rodent tests. this study investigated the effects of the selective silent 5-ht(1a) receptor antagonist n-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-n-(2-pyridinyl)cyclohexane-carboxamide trihydrochloride (way 100635), administered systemically, in an ethologically based fear/anxiety test in marmose ... | 2003 | 14660023 |
| multibehavioral analysis of fear and anxiety before, during, and after experimentally induced predatory stress in callithrix penicillata. | a detailed behavioral analysis of nine callithrix penicillata was conducted in the marmoset predator confrontation test (mpct) during (a) four habituation trials with no "predator," (b) six confrontation trials with the predator (taxidermized oncilla cat, felis tigrina), and (c) four trials with the predator removed. the marmosets habituated to the test apparatus with significant decreases in locomotion, exploration and long calls. initial exposure to the predator elicited mainly fear-related be ... | 2004 | 15219778 |
| seasonality of the activity pattern of callithrix penicillata (primates, callitrichidae) in the cerrado (scrub savanna vegetation). | two wild groups of callithrix penicillata, the black pincelled marmoset, were observed from january to september 1998, in two areas, one an area of dense scrub savanna vegetation (cerrado) and the other, a semidecidual woodland (cerradão), both within the boundaries of the ecological reserve of ibge (brazilian institute of geography and statistics), in an environmentally protected area, the apa (portuguese abbreviation for "environmental protected area") gama/cabeça-de-veado, brasília, df. the b ... | 2004 | 15462311 |
| smi-32 parcellates the visual cortical areas of the marmoset. | the distribution pattern of smi-32-immunoreactivity (smi-32-ir) of neuronal elements was examined in the visual cortical areas of marmoset monkey. layer iv of the primary visual cortex (v1) and layers iii and v of the extrastriate areas showed the most abundant smi-32-ir. the different areal and laminar distribution of smi-32-ir allowed the distinction between various extrastriate areas and determined their exact anatomical boundaries in the new world monkey, callithrix penicillata. it is shown ... | 2005 | 15936521 |
| rapid habituation of scan behavior in captive marmosets following brief predator encounters. | scan behavior in 10 captive predator-naive adult black tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix penicillata) was investigated prior, during and following brief predator encounters (taxidermized oncilla cat -- leopardus tigrinus) versus neutral stimulus exposures (stuffed toy). for each stimulus, three 9 min home-cage trials were conducted > or = 72 h apart. each trial was divided into three consecutive 3 min intervals: pre-exposure baseline observation, stimulus exposure, and post-exposure observation p ... | 2006 | 16246505 |
| interaction of the tachykinin nk3 receptor agonist senktide with behavioral effects of cocaine in marmosets (callithrix penicillata). | brain neuropeptide transmitters of the tachykinin family are involved in the organization of many behaviors. however, little is known about their contribution to the behavioral effects of drugs of abuse. recently, antagonism of the tachykinin nk3-receptor (nk3-r), one of the three tachykinin receptors in the brain, was shown to attenuate the acute and chronic behavioral effects of cocaine in rats and the acute effects in non-human primates. in order to expand these findings we investigated the e ... | 2006 | 16621146 |
| persistent anxiety-like behavior in marmosets following a recent predatory stress condition: reversal by diazepam. | initial investigations indicated the use of the marmoset predator confrontation test (mpct) as an experimental procedure to measure fear/anxiety-related behaviors in non-human primates. however, possible long-term habituation effects and re-use of experimental subjects need to be verified. this study, therefore, compared the behavioral response of experienced versus naïve adult black tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix penicillata) in the mpct, with/without diazepam administrations. subjects were t ... | 2007 | 17391742 |
| evidence for hemispheric specialization in the marmoset (callithrix penicillata) based on lateralization of behavioral/neurochemical correlations. | a correlative study between behavioral, neurochemical and hormonal measures was conducted on male black tufted-ear marmoset monkeys (callithrix penicillata). behavioral analysis was performed in order to examine the effects of confrontation with a natural predator (taxidermized oncilla cat, felis tigrina). the subjects were subjected to four trials without predator, six confrontation trials with predator present, and four trials with the predator removed. handedness was analyzed by the frequency ... | 2007 | 17920450 |
| changes in experimental conditions alter anti-predator vigilance and sequence predictability in captive marmosets. | anti-predator vigilance and its sequence predictability in captive adult male black tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix penicillata) was analyzed under three experimental conditions: (1) four novel (maze) environment habituation trials; (2) six taxidermized (cat) predator confrontation trials in the same maze environment; and (3) four additional maze-only trials, in the absence of the cat stimulus. significant quantitative and qualitative differences (aerial vs. terrestrial) were observed in scan a ... | 2008 | 18006248 |
| development of fasciola hepatica in lymnaea columella infected with miracidia derived from cattle and marmoset infections. | the development of fasciola hepatica from two species of definitive hosts, i.e. cattle (bos taurus) and a marmoset (callithrix penicillata) in the snail lymnaea columella was determined based on the production of rediae and cercariae and snail survival rate. more rediae and cercariae at 60-74 days post-infection were produced by snails infected by cattle-derived miracidia (cattle group) than by those infected by marmoset-derived miracidia (marmoset group). among the l. columella parasitized by t ... | 2008 | 18053300 |
| recognition of a 3d snake model and its 2d photographic image by captive black tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix penicillata). | two-dimensional (2d) displays of real three-dimensional (3d) objects are frequently used experimental tools in animal studies. whether marmoset monkeys, with their highly diverse and complex anti-predation strategies, readily recognized 2d representations of potential threats has yet to be determined, as seen in other primates. thus, the behavioral responses of adult captive black tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix penicillata) toward an unfamiliar motionless snake-model and its photograph were as ... | 2009 | 19449190 |
| helminths found in marmosets (callithrix penicillata and callithrixjacchus) introduced to the region of occurrence of golden lion tamarins (leontopithecusrosalia) in brazil. | the introduction of exotic species can increase the risk of extinction of native species through the introduction of new diseases, predation or resource competition. the marmosets callithrix penicillata and callithrix jacchus and hybrids of these two species have been introduced to privately owned forests in the lowland atlantic forest of the rio de janeiro state in brazil, the region of occurrence of the endangered golden lion tamarin, leontopithecus rosalia. because the ecology and biology of ... | 2010 | 20378249 |
| studies on cyclic passage of yellow fever virus in south american mammals and mosquitoes; marmosets (callithrix penicillata and leontocebus chrysomelas) in combination with aedes aegypti. | | 1946 | 20996629 |
| immediate, but no delayed, behavioral response to a snake model by captive black tufted-ear marmosets. | whether callitrichids are naturally capable of detecting and responding to predators - or if such skills are learned - remains a controversial issue, with results differing in terms of species, predator and encounter conditions. therefore, the behavioral response of naïve adult captive black tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix penicillata) was assessed before, during, 0 and 4h after a 5-min encounter with a snake and flower model. using a two-phase cross-over design, marmosets (n=16) were submitted ... | 2011 | 21513778 |
| noisy human neighbours affect where urban monkeys live. | urban areas and many natural habitats are being dominated by a new selection pressure: anthropogenic noise. the ongoing expansion of urban areas, roads and airports throughout the world makes the noise almost omnipresent. urbanization and the increase of noise levels form a major threat to living conditions in and around cities. insight into the behavioural strategies of urban survivors may explain the sensitivity of other species to urban selection pressures. here, we show that urban black-tuft ... | 2011 | 21715396 |
| the rete ovarii and follicle formation in marmosets (callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata). | the rete ovarii in young marmosets shows a strong reactivity for a certain number of enzymes (ldh; nadh2-tr; nadph2-tr; g-6-pdh; 6-pgdh; alpha-gpdh; beta-ohbdh and nonspecific esterase). the granulosa cells of the cortical innermost placed follicles have the same enzymatic reactivity. the germinal epithelium results negative to the mentioned group of enzymes at this phase of the development. the rete ovarii must play an important rôle in the granulosa cells differentiation. | 1976 | 415485 |
| histochemical data on the parotid glands of the marmosets, callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata. | | 2015 | 4364227 |
| hierarchical cluster analysis of three-dimensional reconstructions of unbiased sampled microglia shows not continuous morphological changes from stage 1 to 2 after multiple dengue infections in callithrix penicillata. | it is known that microglial morphology and function are related, but few studies have explored the subtleties of microglial morphological changes in response to specific pathogens. in the present report we quantitated microglia morphological changes in a monkey model of dengue disease with virus cns invasion. to mimic multiple infections that usually occur in endemic areas, where higher dengue infection incidence and abundant mosquito vectors carrying different serotypes coexist, subjects receiv ... | 2016 | 27047345 |
| elevated urinary testosterone excretion and decreased maternal caregiving effort in marmosets when conception occurs during the period of infant dependence. | the proximate mechanisms that regulate transitions in mammalian female reproductive effort have not been widely studied. however, variation in circulating levels of the androgenic steroid hormone testosterone (t) appears to mediate a trade-off between investment in current and future offspring in males [ketterson, e.d., nolan, v., jr., 1992. hormones and life histories: an integrative approach. am. nat. 140, s33-s62; ketterson, e.d., nolan, v., jr., 1994. hormones and life histories: an integrat ... | 0 | 15579264 |
| the evaluation of enteric viruses in asymptomatic free-ranging non-human primates (alouatta guariba clamitans, alouatta caraya, callithrix spp., callithrix penicillata, and leontopithecus caissara) in southern brazil. | this study evaluated the presence of rotavirus groups a, b, and c (rv-a, rv-b, and rv-c), sapovirus (sav), and norovirus (nov) in asymptomatic non-human primates (nhp). | 2012 | 22889190 |
| filamentous fungi isolated from the fur microbiota of callitrichids kept in captivity in brazil. | this study aimed to isolate filamentous fungi from the fur of primates of the genus callithrix kept in the centre for rehabilitation of wild animals (crwa) at the tietê ecological park, são paulo, sp, brazil. samples of the fur of 19 specimens of black-tufted marmosets (callithrix penicillata) and 6 specimens of white-tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix jacchus) were obtained by the square carpet technique. the samples were plated on mycosel™ agar medium (difco™) and incubated at 25°c for 21 days. ... | 2015 | 26056892 |
| colour discrimination in the black-tufted-ear marmoset (callithrix penicillata): ecological implications. | the dietary diversity of marmosets is substantial, which may reflect differences in their colour vision. this study examined the colour discrimination ability of a gummivore/insectivore callitrichid, callithrix penicillata, which inhabits the brazilian cerrado (bush savanna). a series of ecologically relevant tasks, involving a behavioural paradigm of discrimination learning in semi-natural conditions and the usage of ecologically relevant stimuli, was executed. three marmosets, 2 males and a fe ... | 2005 | 15900100 |
| comparison between sex and age class on some physiological, thermal, and hematological indices of the cerrado's marmoset (callithrix penicillata). | there are few papers about physiological indices in callithrix penicillata, an increasing primate model in biomedicine. we investigated levels of plasmatic cortisol, plasmatic glucose, free fatty acids, blood cells, tympanic temperature, rectal temperature in c. penicllata, under a fast restraint. measures of body and weight were accomplished. males and females were not different regarding any measurements. body measurements indicated differences between adults and juveniles. adults showed highe ... | 2005 | 15860125 |
| serotonin1a-receptor antagonism blocks psychostimulant properties of diethylpropion in marmosets (callithrix penicillata). | diethylpropion (1-phenyl-2-diethylamine-1-propanone hydrochloride) is a stimulant drug with reinforcing properties that is used to treat obesity in humans. while the anorectic properties of diethylpropion are mediated by a noradrenergic mechanism, stimulant properties depend on its effects on the serotonergic (5-ht) and/or dopaminergic systems. in this study we investigated the role of the 5-ht1a-receptor in the acute behavioral effects of diethylpropion in marmosets (callithrix penicillata). an ... | 2005 | 15777778 |
| evidence of hemispheric specialization in marmosets (callithrix penicillata) using tympanic membrane thermometry. | recent studies have employed tympanic thermometry to assess lateralization of cognitive and emotional functions in primates. however, no studies using this technique have investigated the possibility of hemispheric specialization in new world monkeys. therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate tympanic membrane (tm) temperature asymmetries and their possible correlation with stress responses in marmosets (callithrix penicillata). infrared tm thermometry was completed bilaterally ... | 2003 | 12845378 |
| electrophoretic polymorphisms and their taxonomic implications in callitrichini (primates, platyrrhini). | five hundred forty-three blood samples from 15 populations of the four genera of callitrichin primates were studied electrophoretically. polymorphism and genetic distances were estimated for 20 loci, 13 of which were polymorphic. the lion tamarin (leontopithecus) studied here exhibited the least variability for these loci, while the monospecific cebuella showed the most. the genetic distances observed between callithrix and cebuella genera support previous evidence indicating a close taxonomic r ... | 1998 | 9791719 |
| pre- and postpartum sex steroids in female marmosets (callithrix kuhlii): is there a link with infant survivorship and maternal behavior? | recent studies in primates have suggested that pre- and peripartum sex steroid hormones may be important determinants of maternal behavior and motivation, since higher levels of prepartum estrogen are associated with maternal competency and infant survivorship. to test the cross-species generality of this finding, we monitored excreted profiles of estradiol (e(2)), progesterone metabolites (pregnanediol glucuronide; pdg), and e(2):pdg ratios throughout pregnancy in black tufted-ear marmosets (ca ... | 2000 | 10924281 |
| long-term experiments with a newly-developed standardized diet for the new world primates callithrix jacchus jacchus and callithrix jacchus penicillata (marmosets). | | 1982 | 6804711 |
| reproduction and maintenance of two species of marmoset in captivity. | marmoset monkeys are an useful model to biological human experiments and their development in captivity has been carried out in different environment and feeding conditions. this work presents the development of callithrix jacchus jacchus and callithrix jacchus penicillata in captivity at the vivarium of the centro de biologia da reprodução. couples of marmosets, obtained with the help of the forest institute, were kept in an environment where the temperature was around 22-24 degrees c, with 10 ... | 1998 | 9697652 |
| antibody-enhanced dengue disease generates a marked cns inflammatory response in the black-tufted marmoset callithrix penicillata. | severe dengue disease is often associated with long-term neurological impairments, but it is unclear what mechanisms are associated with neurological sequelae. previously, we demonstrated antibody-enhanced dengue disease (ade) dengue in an immunocompetent mouse model with a dengue virus 2 (denv2) antibody injection followed by denv3 virus infection. here we migrated this ade model to callithrix penicillata. to mimic human multiple infections of endemic zones where abundant vectors and multiple s ... | 2016 | 26303046 |
| Diazepam-induced decrease in anxiety-like behaviors of marmoset monkeys exposed to a novel open-field. | Unfamiliar environments can be a source of stress, fear and anxiety for marmoset monkeys. In spite of existing data, the influence of putative anxiolytics on the effects of novel environments has yet to be tested in primates. Therefore, the behavior of adult black tufted-ear marmosets to a single brief (15min) exposure to a novel environment was analyzed in the presence and absence of diazepam (DZP). Marmosets were pre-treated with vehicle (n=5) or diazepam (0.5mg/kg, ip; n=5) and submitted to a ... | 2012 | 22067683 |
| manipulation of the oxytocin system alters social behavior and attraction in pair-bonding primates, callithrix penicillata. | the establishment and maintenance of stable, long-term male-female relationships, or pair-bonds, are marked by high levels of mutual attraction, selective preference for the partner, and high rates of sociosexual behavior. central oxytocin (ot) affects social preference and partner-directed social behavior in rodents, but the role of this neuropeptide has yet to be studied in heterosexual primate relationships. the present study evaluated whether the ot system plays a role in the dynamics of soc ... | 2010 | 20025881 |
| detection of fruit by the cerrado's marmoset (callithrix penicillata): modeling color signals for different background scenarios and ambient light intensities. | among placental mammals, only primates have trichromatic color vision, however this is not a uniform condition. under different genetic status, old world monkeys have routine trichromacy, while new world monkeys show a visual polymorphism, characterized by obligatory male dichromacy. the ecological role of this genetic difference still remains unclear, but some studies show that dichromats and trichromats appear to have different abilities in detecting colored targets against a background of lea ... | 2009 | 19296489 |
| neurokinin3 receptor modulation of the behavioral and neurochemical effects of cocaine in rats and monkeys. | neurokinin3 (nk3) receptors and their endogenous ligands (e.g. the neuropeptide substance p and its c-terminal fragment) have been implicated in psychomotor activity and reinforcement mechanisms. we review here recent findings on the involvement of nk3 receptors in the behavioral and neurochemical effects of cocaine. although nk3 receptors can modulate dopamine (da) activity in the brain, recent results suggest that this modulation does not occur during spontaneous behavioral activity. however, ... | 2008 | 18751518 |
| effects of acute systemic cocaine administration on the cortisol, acth and prolactin levels of black tufted-ear marmosets. | the effect of acute systemic cocaine administration on total circulating cortisol, adrenocorticotropin hormone (acth) and prolactin levels of nine adult black tufted-ear marmoset monkeys (callithrix penicillata) was investigated. for each subject, two blood samples were obtained after an i.p. injection of 10 and 20mg/kg of cocaine: one sample was drawn 30-min post-injection, while the second was following a 60-min interval. blood samples were also obtained 0, 30 and 60 min following a saline inj ... | 2008 | 18187261 |
| the tachykinin nk3 receptor antagonist sr142801 blocks the behavioral effects of cocaine in marmoset monkeys. | brain neuropeptide transmitters of the tachykinin family are involved in the organization of many behaviors. however, little is known about their contribution to the behavioral effects of drugs of abuse. recently, the tachykinin nk3 receptor, one of the three tachykinin receptors in the brain, was shown to attenuate the acute and chronic behavioral effects of cocaine in rats. in order to test if these findings can be generalized to primates we investigated the role of the tachykinin nk3 receptor ... | 2006 | 16603151 |
| preliminary findings on social and ecological correlates of a polyspecific association between a golden-headed lion tamarin (leontopithecus chrysomelas) and wied's marmosets (callithrix kuhlii). | the advantages of living in a group include feeding benefits and/or predation avoidance, while the disadvantages are typically related to competition. one way to avoid competition while maintaining the benefits of living in a group is to form interspecific associations with species with relatively little dietary overlap. here we report a stable association between a male golden-headed lion tamarin (ghlt), leontopithecus chrysomelas, and a group of wied's black-tufted-ear marmosets (wbtms), calli ... | 2017 | 27771832 |
| comparison of racemic ketamine versus (s+) ketamine when combined with midazolam for anesthesia of callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata. | ten common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) and 10 black-tufted marmosets (callithrix penicillata) were immobilized to compare the anesthetic effects of racemic ketamine and (s+) ketamine in combination with midazolam. the animals were distributed into four groups: five common marmosets (group cjr) and five black-tufted marmosets (group cpr) received 9.8 +/- 1.4 mg/kg of racemic ketamine, and five common marmosets (group cjs) and five black-tufted marmosets (group cps) received 10.4 +/- 1.6 mg/kg ... | 2010 | 20945634 |
| production and perception of sex differences in vocalizations of wied's black-tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix kuhlii). | males and females from many species produce distinct acoustic variations of functionally identical call types. social behavior may be primed by sex-specific variation in acoustic features of calls. we present a series of acoustic analyses and playback experiments as methods for investigating this subject. acoustic parameters of phee calls produced by wied's black-tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix kuhlii) were analyzed for sex differences. discriminant function analyses showed that calls contained ... | 2009 | 19090554 |
| conjunctival flora, schirmer's tear test, intraocular pressure, and conjunctival cytology in neotropical primates from salvador, brazil. | this study aimed to establish reference values for selected ophthalmic diagnostic tests in healthy neotropical primates from salvador, brazil. | 2013 | 23879249 |
| hybridization effects and genetic diversity of the common and black-tufted marmoset (callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata) mitochondrial control region. | hybridization is continually documented in primates, but effects of natural and anthropogenic hybridization on biodiversity are still unclear and differentiating between these contexts remains challenging in regards to primate evolution and conservation. here, we examine hybridization effects on the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) control region of callithrix marmosets, which provide a unique glimpse into interspecific mating under distinct anthropogenic and natural conditions. dna was sampled from 40 ... | 2014 | 25186076 |
| reporting social behaviours of mixed-species troops formed by callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata (primate, callitrichidae). | in new world primates, mixed-species troops have been reported. here, we analysed the performance of affiliative and agonistic behaviours of callithrix jacchus and callithrix penicillata living in mixed groups. for this purpose, we recorded the interaction of the individuals from two groups located in bauru city, in the state of são paulo (brazil). our data show that in both groups, affiliative behaviours appeared more frequently than agonistic ones. we concluded that there is cohesion inside th ... | 2014 | 25296209 |
| describing ovarian cycles, pregnancy characteristics, and the use of contraception in female white-faced marmosets, callithrix geoffroyi. | endocrine data and characteristics of nonconceptive ovarian cycling and pregnancy are limited within the genus callithrix to the common marmoset (c. jacchus) and wied's black tufted-ear marmoset (c. kuhlii). this article presents patterns of urinary pregnanediol-3-glucuronide (pdg) excretion, as determined by enzyme immunoassay, throughout the course of ovarian cycling and pregnancy in white-faced marmosets (c. geoffroyi). furthermore, characteristics of reproductive parameters including litter ... | 2012 | 22865351 |
| susceptibility of peritoneal macrophage from different species of neotropical primates to ex vivo leishmania (l.) infantum chagasi-infection. | this study examined the susceptibility of peritoneal macrophage (pm) from the neotropical primates: callithrix jacchus, callithrix penicillata, saimiri sciureus, aotus azarae infulatus and callimico goeldii to ex vivo leishmania (l.) infantum chagasi-infection, the etiological agent of american visceral leishmaniasis (avl), as a screening assay for evaluating the potential of these non-human primates as experimental models for studying avl. the pm-susceptibility to infection was accessed by the ... | 2012 | 22499423 |
| can roads be used as transects for primate population surveys?. | line transect distance sampling (ltds) can be applied to either trails or roads. however, it is likely that sampling along roads might result in biased density estimates. in this paper, we compared the results obtained with ltds applied on trails and roads for two primate species (callithrix penicillata and callicebus nigrifrons) to clarify whether roads are appropriate transects to estimate densities. we performed standard ltds surveys in two nature reserves in south-eastern brazil. effective s ... | 2012 | 22854794 |
| clinical, hematological, biochemical, and ultrasonographic aspects of platynosomum sp. (trematoda: dicrocoeliidae) infection of captive callithrix penicillata. | trematodes from the genus platynosomum have been found to infect neotropical primates in captivity, but little is known about their pathogeny in such hosts. this study evaluated the physiological effects of natural infection by the liver-dwelling trematode platynosomum sp. in ten males and ten females of callithrix penicillata kept in captivity at the primate center of the university of brasília. the marmosets were examined twice, 6 months apart. the following parameters were analyzed: complete ... | 2016 | 26922567 |
| do marmosets care to share? oxytocin treatment reduces prosocial behavior toward strangers. | cooperatively-breeding and socially-monogamous primates, like marmosets and humans, exhibit high levels of social tolerance and prosociality toward others. oxytocin (oxt) generally facilitates prosocial behavior, but there is growing recognition that oxt modulation of prosocial behavior is shaped by the context of social interactions and by other motivational states such as arousal or anxiety. to determine whether prosociality varies based on social context, we evaluated whether marmoset donors ... | 2015 | 25934057 |
| fatal attack on black-tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix penicillata) by a boa constrictor: a simultaneous assault on two juvenile monkeys. | here we report the first witnessed attack on a marmoset by a constrictor snake. the incident occurred mid-morning in a gallery forest within an altered landscape of the cerrado region of central brazil and refers to a fatal attack by a boa constrictor on two juvenile black-tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix penicillata) simultaneously. the snake captured both individuals at a height of ~ 4 m while a group of eight marmosets traveled through the subcanopy. the actual strike was not seen. after 2 mi ... | 2016 | 26467338 |
| sero-epidemiological survey for brucellosis, leptospirosis, and toxoplasmosis in free-ranging alouatta caraya and callithrix penicillata from são paulo state, brazil. | sera were tested for brucella spp., leptospira spp. and toxoplasma gondii antibodies in 68 free-ranging new world monkeys from a forest fragment of the brazilian cerrado. | 2014 | 24646216 |
| callithrix penicillata as a nonhuman primate model for strongyloidiasis. | in order to better understand experimental strongyloidiasis in small new world primates, and to evaluate aspects of reinfection and immunosuppression induced by glucocorticoids, nine specimens of callithrix penicillata (primates: cebidae) were administered (by subcutaneous injection, sc) 3000 infective larvae of a strain of strongyloides venezuelensis (rhabditida: strongyloididae) that had been maintained in successive passages through akr/j mice since 1987. the mean prepatent period was 5.6 ± 0 ... | 2012 | 22388422 |
| strongyloides stercoralis infection in marmosets: replication of complicated and uncomplicated human disease and parasite biology. | strongyloides stercoralis can undergo an alternative autoinfective life cycle in the host, which, in some individuals can lead to a lethal infection. however, due to a number of factors, such as, the majority of those infected are from low-income backgrounds and the limitation in experimental models for studying human s. stercoralis, strongyloidiasis remains neglected. improved knowledge of animal models that are susceptible to this parasite is needed in order to investigate the immunological me ... | 2014 | 25499310 |
| callithrix penicillata: a feasible experimental model for dengue virus infection. | although the murine models have the feasibility to reproduce some signs of dengue virus (denv) infection, the use of isogenic hosts with polarized immune response patterns does not reproduce the particularities of human disease. our goal was to investigate the kinetics of peripheral blood biomarkers in immunocompetent callithrix penicillata non-human primates subcutaneously infected with denv-3. the viral load of infected animals was determinated by quantitative real time pcr. measurements of de ... | 2015 | 24361035 |
| the seminiferous epithelium cycle length in the black tufted-ear marmoset (callithrix penicillata) is similar to humans. | marmosets are new world small primates phylogenetically close to humans and are commonly used in biomedical research. although the reproductive biology of the common marmoset callithrix jacchus is fairly well investigated, there are few data available for testis function for its close relative, callithrix penicillata. in this regard, the present study was performed to investigate testis structure, spermatogenic cycle length, and spermatogenic and sertoli cell efficiencies in eight captive c. pen ... | 2006 | 16319285 |
| variation in circulating and excreted estradiol associated with testicular activity in male marmosets. | concentrations of estradiol (e2) are high in the urine of male marmosets, and links between e2 and paternal behavior have been proposed in black tufted-ear marmosets, callithrix kuhlii. however, it is not clear whether urinary e2 in male marmosets: 1) represents production of e2 associated with testicular activity, 2) is associated with adrenal steroid production, or 3) merely reflects peripheral conversion of t to e2 prior to excretion. we tested the hypothesis that urinary e2 in male marmosets ... | 2002 | 11793411 |
| cross-fostering between two species of marmosets (callithrix jacchus) and callithrix penicillata). | cross-fostering technique can be defined as adoption of infants by adults of other species. this phenomenon is poorly investigated because very young animals have few opportunities to interact peacefully with non-conspecific adults, either in captivity or in natural conditions. this study describes the induction of cross-fostering in captivity between white tufted-ear (callithrix jacchus) and black tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix penicillata). we conclude that this technique can be very useful ... | 1998 | 10049101 |
| [histoenzymologic data on the epithelial cells of the gastric mucosa of marmosets (callithrix jacchus & callithrix penicillata)]. | the gastric mucosa of marmosets is devoid of udpg-gt; phosphorylases; g-6-pa; f-1,6-pa; alanyl aminopeptidase and leucine aminopeptidase. only the acid phosphatase was seen with a stronger reactivity in the chief cells. the other enzymes (ldh; g-6-pdh; 6-pgdh; nadph2-tr; cis-aconitase; icdh; sdh; mdh; cytochrome oxidase; nadh2-tr; a-gpdh; b-ohbdh and nonspecific esterase) showed a stronger reactivity in the parietal cells. | 1980 | 6774386 |
| demographic review of a captive colony of callitrichids (callithrix kuhlii). | although reports on colony demographics for a variety of callitrichid species are available in the literature, to date there has not been a detailed examination of wied's black tufted-ear marmoset (callithrix kuhlii). the purpose of this study is to present colony demographics for c. kuhlii from the university of nebraska at omaha's callitrichid research center from 1991 to 2002. c. kuhlii are currently held in a number of zoological parks in the united states and abroad; however, the university ... | 2007 | 17177315 |
| influence of the mother's reproductive state on the hormonal status of daughters in marmosets (callithrix kuhlii). | behavioral and endocrine suppression of reproduction in subordinate females produces the high reproductive skew that characterizes callitrichid primate mating systems. snowdon et al. [american journal of primatology 31:11-21, 1993] reported that the eldest daughters in tamarin families exhibit further endocrinological suppression immediately following the birth of siblings, and suggested that dominant females exert greater control over subordinate endocrinology during this energetically challeng ... | 2004 | 15356856 |
| interactions among paternal behavior, steroid hormones, and parental experience in male marmosets (callithrix kuhlii). | male black tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix kuhlii) contribute to the rearing of their offspring. here we evaluated predictions of hypotheses suggesting that (1) t and e2 influence infant-care behavior in male marmosets, (2) levels of t and e2 are modulated by paternal experience, and (3) paternal behavior and levels of t and e2 in male marmosets covary with stress. we observed the behavior of marmosets in their family groups following the birth of infants and evaluated urinary concentrations of ... | 2001 | 11161885 |
| relative sizes of cortical visual areas in marmosets: functional and phylogenetic implications. | visual areas v1, v2 and mt (v5) were identified through myeloarchitectonic criteria and their sizes estimated in a flattened map of caudal cerebral cortex in the marmoset callithrix penicillata. the ratio mt/v1 in this species is similar to values reported for other species of primates, but the ratio v2/v1 in callithrix penicillata is smaller than that in macaques and larger than that in aotus. the possible implications of these results are discussed. | 1992 | 1577118 |
| autonomic innervation of the salivary glands in the marmoset (callithrix penicillata jordani); with some gross anatomical and histological observations. | | 1973 | 4198620 |
| the complement fixation test in yellow fever epidemiology the development and loss of complement-fixing antibodies in marmosets, callithrix penicillata, c. jacchus and leontocebus chrysomelas. | | 1948 | 18881073 |
| variation in steroid hormones associated with infant care behaviour and experience in male marmosets (callithrix kuhlii). | we describe temporal patterns of change in paternal behaviour and urinary concentrations of the steroid hormones testosterone (t) and oestradiol (e(2)) in male black tufted-ear marmosets, callithrix kuhlii, relative to the birth of their young, and test predictions of the hypotheses that (1) high levels of t are incompatible with paternal care and (2) levels of t and e(2)vary with a father's prior experience in his family group. after young were born, levels of urinary t and e(2)remained near pr ... | 2000 | 11124885 |
| platynosomum illiciens (trematoda: dicrocoeliidae) in captive black-tufted marmoset callithrix penicillata (primates: cebidae) from brazil: a morphometric analyses with taxonomic comments on species of platynosomum from nonhuman primates. | the trematodes belonging to the genus platynosomum are biliary parasites of birds and mammals (domestic and wildlife) in tropical and subtropical areas of the globe. despite several reports on platynosomosis in captive nonhuman primates, mainly in south america, the taxonomy of species of platynosomum that infect these hosts remains confused, and it is not clear whether the species found in cats is the same that infects nonhuman primates. because a detailed morphological study of platynosomum fr ... | 2017 | 27762668 |
| relationship between body temperature, weight, and hematological parameters of black tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix penicillata). | basal thermal values of captive adult black tufted-ear marmosets (callithrix penicillata) in a thermoneutral environment were measured via different methods, along with body weight and hematological parameters. | 2016 | 27072667 |
| evaluation of kato-katz and spontaneous sedimentation methods for the diagnosis of platynosomiasis in neotropical primates. | platynosomiasis is a parasitic infection reported in non-human primates, including marmosets, and is frequently difficult to diagnose. in this study, the kato-katz method and the spontaneous sedimentation method were evaluated for their usefulness in identifying platynosomum eggs in fecal samples from callithrix penicillata that naturally harbor platynosomum illiciens. spontaneous sedimentation allowed the diagnosis of 41.7% (5/12) and 66.7% (8/12) of infected marmosets from one and three slides ... | 2015 | 25909264 |
| repeated cocaine administration in marmoset monkeys induces hypervigilance-related behaviors, but no changes in locomotion and cortisol levels. | although cocaine induces several behavioral and hormonal effects, little is known about non-contingent repeated administrations in non-human primates. therefore, we analyzed behavioral (locomotion, vigilance) and hormonal (cortisol) responses of adult black tufted-ear marmosets during repeated administrations and withdrawal trials. the subjects were divided into two groups (saline or cocaine 5mg/kg, ip) and submitted to nine treatment trials and four withdrawal trials in the absence of any treat ... | 2012 | 22921767 |
| temporal and dose-dependent differences in simultaneously-induced cocaine hypervigilance and conditioned-place-preference in marmoset monkeys. | although repeated exposure to cocaine can induce hypervigilance and conditioned-place-preference (cpp) in nonhuman primates (nhps), more detailed analyses are warranted since the outcome can be influenced by different factors. | 2015 | 25630962 |
| ultrasonographic examination in non-human primates with acute abdomen signs. | the acute abdomen is any abdominal disorder resulting in pain, shock, or sepsis. although it has a multifactorial etiology, the primary cause is gastrointestinal tract pathology. the aim of this study was to assess the contribution of abdominal ultrasound as a complementary diagnostic tool in non-human primates with an acute abdomen. | 2013 | 23931624 |