| proteinases in trichomonas vaginalis and tritrichomonas mobilensis are not exclusively of cysteine type. | high molecular weight proteinases of trichomonas vaginalis (with apparent mr values 142 and greater than 220 kda) and tritrichomonas mobilensis (mr 67, 86, 104 and 120 kda), optimally active at ph8, were analysed in gelatin-containing polyacrylamide gels. all of these proteinases were resistant to serine-, aspartic- as well as cysteine proteinase inhibitors. both proteolytic bands in t. vaginalis and two proteinases in t. mobilensis (67 and 104 kda) were inhibited by edta and egta suggesting tha ... | 1991 | 1903875 |
| proteolytic activity in tritrichomonas mobilensis. | cell extracts of an entero-invasive protozoon of squirrel monkeys, tritrichomonas mobilensis, contained relatively high proteolytic activity, measured on hide powder azure (hpa). multiple proteinase forms, optimally active at ph 5-7, were detected by electrophoretic analysis in gelatin-containing polyacrylamide gels. three major proteinase bands of apparent low molecular weights, mr 18, 23 and 30 kda, were seen on gels. inhibition-activation studies suggest that only cysteine proteinases were in ... | 1990 | 2235075 |
| dot-immunobinding assay with monoclonal antibody for detection of trichomonas vaginalis in clinical specimens. | a rapid and specific dot-enzyme immunoassay (diba) using monoclonal antibody was introduced for detection of trichomonas vaginalis antigen in vaginal and urethral materials. the results of diba were compared with culture findings of the parasite in 245 female patients. taking culture as the reference method, diba had a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 93%. the predictive value of a positive test was 98% and that of a negative test 77%. the efficacy of wet mount, culture and diba were comp ... | 1990 | 2265844 |
| intestinal trichomonads (tritrichomonas mobilensis) in the natural host saimiri sciureus and saimiri boliviensis. | a retrospective study of cecal and colonic tissues from 28 squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus and saimiri boliviensis) demonstrated enteric trichomonads within luminal crypts. twenty-one of 28 (75%) had trichomonads in the mucosal epithelium either in cup-like depressions or intraepithelial vacuoles. organisms were also beneath the superficial luminal mucosal epithelium and between the basement membrane and crypt epithelial cells. immunoperoxidase staining also identified organisms within the la ... | 1989 | 2711571 |
| adherence and surface properties of tritrichomonas mobilensis, an intestinal parasite of the squirrel monkey. | adherence properties of the potentially enteropathogenic tritrichomonas mobilensis were studied in vitro. axenically cultivated trichomonads readily attached to isolated intestinal epithelial cells and mucus of the squirrel monkey. the kinetics and nature of t. mobilensis cytadherence were microscopically evaluated in cell-suspension assay using chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells and in microplate hemagglutination assay with human erythrocytes. adherence of the parasites to target cells was conce ... | 1989 | 2771926 |
| basic properties of tritrichomonas mobilensis hemagglutinin. | tritrichomonas mobilensis is a recently described enteric protozoon of squirrel monkeys. an earlier report identified one of the metabolic products of this organism as a lectinlike hemagglutinin. its further properties were determined in this study. culture supernatants of t. mobilensis fp4190 were concentrated by ultrafiltration through a membrane with 100,000-molecular-weight cutoff. high titers of agglutinin against human erythrocytes were obtained. incubation at 70 degrees c for 15 min resul ... | 1988 | 3170709 |
| pathogenicity of tritrichomonas mobilensis: subcutaneous inoculation in mice. | the standard "subcutaneous mouse assay" was used to investigate the inherent pathogenicity of tritrichomonas mobilensis, an intestinal parasite of squirrel monkeys. c57b1/6 mice given subcutaneous bilateral inocula of t. mobilensis died by day 4 postinoculation with lesions too small to be measured. control mice similarly inoculated with pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of trichomonas vaginalis survived the challenge and produced lesions on day 6 with mean volumes in agreement with previous ... | 1988 | 3418457 |
| tritrichomonas mobilensis n. sp. (zoomastigophorea: trichomonadida) from the bolivian squirrel monkey saimiri boliviensis boliviensis. | a trichomonad flagellate, tritrichomonas mobilensis n. sp., is described from the large intestine of the squirrel monkey, saimiri boliviensis boliviensis. the organism has a lanceolate body 7-10.5 micrometers in length; a well developed undulating membrane; a stout, tubular axostyle with periaxostylar rings that terminate in a cone-shaped segment projecting from the posterior end of the cell; and a moderately wide costa. the anterior flagella are about as long as the body, and the recurrent flag ... | 1986 | 3735158 |
| [histochemistry of a new tritrichomonas mobilensis lectin with sialic acid specificity]. | histochemistry with lectins highly specific for one sugar represent a sensitive and accurate method for the localization of glycoproteins in tissues. | 1995 | 7552417 |
| purification and characterization of a sialic acid-specific lectin from tritrichomonas mobilensis. | new sialic acid-specific lectin has been isolated from culture supernatant of the protozoan tritrichomonas mobilensis. it was purified by adsorption by erythrocytes or bovine submaxillary gland mucin (bsm)-sepharose affinity chromatography. the t. mobilensis lectin (tml) does not require bivalent cations for activity and agglutinates all human erythrocytes. the lectin forms multimeric complexes with molecular mass 556 and 491 kda as determined by size-exclusion chromatography. sds/page under red ... | 1994 | 8172592 |
| intestinal trichomoniasis due to tritrichomonas mobilensis in tree shrews (tupaia belangeri). | intestinal trichomoniasis was observed in 156 of 202 tupaia belangeri (77.2%). the parasites were located principally in the cecum (75%) and were far less common in the proximal portion of the colon (19%) or terminal portion of the ileum (6%). advanced trichomoniasis was associated with liquid cecal contents but not diarrhea. the trichomonads had a tendency to penetrate the mucosal epithelial layer, causing desquamation of entire crypts. they never penetrated the epithelial basement membrane and ... | 1995 | 8569152 |
| the heat shock response and major heat shock proteins of tritrichomonas mobilensis and tritrichomonas augusta. | the responses to heat shock in tritrichomonas mobilensis, a squirrel monkey parasite and tritrichomonas augusta, an amphibian trichomonad, were evaluated by means of metabolic labeling with [35s]methionine. electrophoretically separated trichomonad proteins synthesized at different temperatures were visualized by autoradiography and the label incorporation quantitated by a trichloroacetic acid precipitation procedure. a considerable difference in thermotolerance between the two species was found ... | 1996 | 8627477 |
| purification and basic characteristics of sialidase from tritrichomonas mobilensis. | sialidase, produced by tritrichomonas mobilensis, a colonic parasite of squirrel monkeys, was purified by adsorption on human rbcs in ice-cold culture supernatant followed by release in pbs at 37 degrees c. the enzyme was purified by size-exclusion chromatography of rbc-eluted material giving a single peak with sialidase activity of molecular weight approx. 630 kda, representing a quadrimer of the complex of three subunits. sds-page under reducing conditions showed three bands of 56, 61, and 66 ... | 1995 | 8824674 |
| histochemical localization of sialylated glycoconjugates with tritrichomonas mobilensis lectin (tlm). | a new sialic acid-specific lectin from the colonic parasite of squirrel monkeys tritrichomonas mobilensis (tml) was tested on human and mouse tissues for histochemical staining properties. there were no substantial differences in reactivity between frozen and formalin fixed paraffin sections. tml staining was blocked by preincubation with sialic acid or by sialidase digestion. tml/anti-tml antibody histochemistry was identical with the tml-gold technique. the staining pattern was not blood group ... | 1996 | 8839752 |
| sialic acid expression in normal and diseased human kidney. | three sialic acid-specific lectins, tritrichomonas mobilensis (tml) (without linkage preference), maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin (mal) (alpha2,3) and sambucus nigra agglutinin (alpha2,6 linkage-specific), were used for detection of sialylated glycoconjugates in normal and diseased human kidneys. normal kidneys demonstrated strong podocyte positivity of alpha2,3 linked sialic acid and weaker sialic acid expression on capillary endothelium, which was alpha2,6 linked. renal biopsies (45) represe ... | 1996 | 9054191 |
| posttranslational modifications of trichomonad tubulins; identification of multiple glutamylation sites. | the alpha- and beta-tubulins present in cytoskeletons of tritrichomonas mobilensis are extensively glutamylated. automated sequencing and mass spectrometry of the carboxyterminal peptides identifies 4 glutamylation sites in alpha- and 2 sites in beta-tubulin. they are marked by asterisks in the terminal sequences gde*e*e*e*ddg (alpha) and ege*e*deeaea (beta). this is the first report that tubulin glutamylation can occur at multiple sites. although t. mobilensis has four flagellae the tubulins la ... | 1998 | 9662457 |
| alpha-tubulins of tritrichomonas mobilensis are encoded by multiple genes and are not posttranslationally tyrosinated. | reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction cloning of the 3'-ends of the alpha-tubulin cdnas of tritrichomonas mobilensis in combination with southern-blot analysis identified seven to eight distinct alpha-tubulin genes. all seven lack a carboxy-terminal tyrosine and the corresponding sequence compatible with posttranslational tyrosination. this indicates that whereas tyrosination of alpha-tubulin has been found in most species, including humans and trypanosomes, it is absent in trichomonad ... | 1999 | 9951970 |
| sialic acid-specific lectin-mediated adhesion of tritrichomonas foetus and tritrichomonas mobilensis. | tritrichomonas foetus is an obligate parasite of the bovine urogenital tract producing infection associated with inflammatory changes, abortion, and infertility, tritrichomonas mobilensis was isolated from squirrel monkey colon, and symptoms involve diarrheal complications. both tritrichomonads produced hemagglutinins with the properties of sialic acid-specific lectins. assays on the adherence of these protozoans to chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells and to bovine cervical and monkey colon mucus ... | 1999 | 10207360 |
| tubulins in trichomonas vaginalis: molecular characterization of alpha-tubulin genes, posttranslational modifications, and homology modeling of the tubulin dimer. | we have isolated and analysed an alpha-tubulin-encoding gene (atub1) in an early-diverging eukaryote, trichomonas vaginalis. the complete atub1 open reading frame included 1.356 bp encoding a polypeptide of 452 amino-acyl residues. a second alpha-tubulin gene (atub2) was amplified by pcr using primers derived from consensus alpha-tubulin amino acid sequences. both t. vaginalis alpha-tubulin sequences showed high identity to those described in other parabasalids (94.4%-97.3%), and exhibited a hig ... | 2001 | 11831773 |
| comparable growth of tritrichomonas mobilensis in two commercially available culture media. | the investigation reported herein was undertaken to determine which medium is more practical for the axenic laboratory culture of trichomonads. the growth of tritrichomonas mobilensis was monitored in 2 different types of commercially available growth media. although roswell park memorial institute (rpmi) 1640 medium is typically used as a mammalian cell culture medium, it was found to support the growth of trichomonads as well as the american type culture collection (atcc) medium 745 under simi ... | 2002 | 12435146 |
| changes in sialic acid expression in the lung during intrauterine development of the human fetus. | sialic acid is a component of glycoproteins that influences enzymatic and receptor functions of cells. during proliferation and differentiation of tissues, sialic acid can serve as a recognition determinant in intercellular communication and interactions of cells with the extracellular matrix. in the present study, sialic acid expression in relation to developmental maturity of the lung has been studied. we analyzed 12 necroptic lung specimens from foetuses of different gestational ages from the ... | 2002 | 12553698 |
| sialic acid expression in autoimmune thyroiditis. | autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland are among the most frequent endocrine disorders. the present study analyzes expression patterns of sialic acids in these diseases. three lectins specific for sialic acids were used for the histochemical analysis of surgical specimens of the thyroid gland: tritrichomonas mobilensis lectin that stains all types of sialic acids, maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin that stains sialic acids with alpha2,3 linkage and sambucus nigra agglutinin that stains sialic a ... | 2002 | 12553699 |
| sperm binding to oviductal epithelial cells in the rat: role of sialic acid residues on the epithelial surface and sialic acid-binding sites on the sperm surface. | the aim of this study was to assess the participation of carbohydrate residues in the adhesion of spermatozoa to the oviductal epithelium in the rat. we first examined, by lectin labeling, the distribution of glycoconjugates in rat oviducts obtained under various hormonal environments. several classes of glycoconjugates were abundant in the epithelium, and the expression of some of these molecules varied differentially in ampulla and isthmus, along the estrous cycle and with estradiol and proges ... | 2004 | 15201197 |
| molecular phylogeny of trichomonadidae family inferred from its-1, 5.8s rrna and its-2 sequences. | the trichomonads have been the subject of several molecular studies that reported some discrepancies both at the lower and higher taxonomic levels. the purpose of this study was to make an extensive phylogenetic analysis of the trichomonadidae using its-1/5.8s/its-2 sequences, to better understand its phylogeny and the usefulness of this marker. its-1/5.8s/its-2 sequences of 36 strains from 14 species belonging to trichomonadidae and monocercomonadidae were analysed, in which 20 were newly deter ... | 2004 | 15217735 |
| trichomonad gastritis in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) infected with simian immunodeficiency virus. | in a retrospective study, 51 cases of gastritis (14%) were identified from among 341 necropsies performed on simian immunodeficiency virus (siv)-infected rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) at the new england primate research center from 1993 to 2001. protozoa were seen in the stomach of 13 monkeys (25%) with gastritis. two histopathologic manifestations of gastritis were observed: seven cases of lymphoplasmacytic gastritis with trichomonad trophozoites within lumens of gastric glands and four case ... | 2005 | 15657268 |
| neoplastic transformation of the thyroid gland is accompanied by changes in cellular sialylation. | cancer of the thyroid gland is one of the most common endocrine diseases. histological evaluation is often complicated by difficulty in distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions. abnormal glycosylation of cell structures, including changes in sialylation, is a feature of the neoplastic transformation process. the aim of this study was to evaluate associations between neoplastic changes in the thyroid gland and changes in sialylation, with reference to its terminal linkage type. lectin ... | 2006 | 16720036 |
| ultrastructural features of tritrichomonas mobilensis and comparison with tritrichomonas foetus. | tritrichomonas mobilensis is an intestinal parasite of squirrel monkeys. there are few reports concerning the morphological aspects of this parasite. in addition, the taxonomic relationship between t. mobilensis and tritrichomonas foetus, a serious pathogen that causes bovine and feline trichomonosis, has been questioned. for this reason, in the present study, we examined and compared both tritrichomonads with regard to their morphology, ultrastructure, endocytic activity and cytotoxicity when i ... | 2011 | 21664052 |
| cytoskeleton in trichomonads: ii. immunological and biochemical characterization of the preaxostylar fibres and undulating membrane in the genus tritrichomonas. | the production of 3 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and the use of immunocytochemical techniques such as immunofluorescence (if), immunoblotting (ib) and immunogold staining (igs) reveal that the preaxostylar fibres of tritrichomonas foetus are composed of at least 3 polypeptides of 55, 53 and 46 kda. two of these mabs cross-react with tritrichomonas mobilensis and one with tritrichomonas augusta and tritrichomonas muris on polypeptides with very similar molecular weights (m.w.) however, no cross-r ... | 2011 | 23195736 |
| comparative analysis of tritrichomonas foetus (riedmüller, 1928) cat genotype, t. foetus (riedmüller, 1928) cattle genotype and tritrichomonas suis (davaine, 1875) at 10 dna loci. | the parasitic protists in the genus tritrichomonas cause significant disease in domestic cattle and cats. to assess the genetic diversity of feline and bovine isolates of tritrichomonas foetus (riedmüller, 1928) wenrich and emmerson, 1933, we used 10 different genetic regions, namely the protein coding genes of cysteine proteases 1, 2 and 4-9 (cp1, 2, 4-9) involved in the pathogenesis of the disease caused by the parasite. the cytosolic malate dehydrogenase 1 (mdh1) and internal transcribed spac ... | 2012 | 23123273 |
| tritrichomonas--systematics of an enigmatic genus. | tritrichomonas spp. are parasitic protozoans that proliferate on mucus membranes of the urogenital, gastro-intestinal or nasal tract. for instance, tritrichomonas foetus is an important cause of reproductive failure in cattle. some years ago, t. foetus was also identified as a causative agent of diarrhoea in cats. previous studies on the morphological, physiological and molecular levels have raised doubts as to the phylogenetic relationship among some tritrichomonas species, particularly in rela ... | 2012 | 22662341 |