| joint action of nuclear polyhedrosis virus and chemical insecticides against the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (hufn.). | a polyhedrosis virus disease was isolated from the larvae of agrotis ipsilon. isolation of causative agent from the infected larvae again showed to be positive. microscopic examination of the infected larvae (by means of a light microscope) gave an evidence of the development of the polyhedral inclusion bodies (pib) in all typical tissues where the virus is known to develop. examination by an electron microscope showed various irregular shaped polyhedra; their diameter being about 1.5 to 3.5 mu. ... | 1988 | 3075833 |
| vip3a, a novel bacillus thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal protein with a wide spectrum of activities against lepidopteran insects. | a novel vegetative insecticidal gene, vip3a(a), whose gene product shows activity against lepidopteran insect larvae including black cutworm (agrotis ipsilon), fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda), beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua), tobacco budworm (heliothis virescens), and corn earworm (helicoverpa zea) has been isolated from bacillus thuringiensis strain ab88. vip3-insecticidal gene homologues have been detected in approximately 15% of bacillus strains analyzed. the sequence of the vip3a(b) ... | 1996 | 8643585 |
| the bacillus thuringiensis vegetative insecticidal protein vip3a lyses midgut epithelium cells of susceptible insects. | the vip3a protein is a member of a newly discovered class of vegetative insecticidal proteins with activity against a broad spectrum of lepidopteran insects. histopathological observations indicate that vip3a ingestion by susceptible insects such as the black cutworm (agrotis ipsilon) and fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) causes gut paralysis at concentrations as low as 4 ng/cm2 of diet and complete lysis of gut epithelium cells resulting in larval death at concentrations above 40 ng/cm2. th ... | 1997 | 9023933 |
| a cdna, from agrotis ipsilon, that encodes the pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pban) and other fxprl peptides. | a cdna encoding the prohormone of the pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pban) in the moth agrotis ipsilon was isolated. the cdna contains 834 nucleotides, coding for a 193-amino acid protein that exhibits 89% identity with pban prohormones of other moths. the prohormone contains five potential peptides belonging to the fxprl family. the peptide corresponding to the bombyx mori diapause hormone exhibits an extra residue, and the c-terminal leucine is replaced by an isoleucine, intro ... | 1999 | 10503766 |
| characterization of a nucleopolyhedrovirus from the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae) | the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), is a serious localized pest of vegetable and field crops. we have characterized a newly discovered baculovirus, the agrotis ipsilon multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (agipmnpv), that was isolated from a. ipsilon in illinois. restriction enzyme fragment profiles of agipmnpv dna were distinct from those of previously described nucleopolyhedroviruses. electron microscopy of agipmnpv-infected tissues indicated that nucleocapsids ... | 1999 | 10534417 |
| relationships between polydnavirus gene expression and host range of the parasitoid wasp campoletis sonorensis. | to evaluate the relationship between immune suppression and host range six lepidopteran species were parasitized by the ichneumonid parasitoid campoletis sonorensis. parasitism inhibited the growth of permissive hosts (heliothis virescens, helicoverpa zea, and trichoplusia ni), whereas growth of semi-permissive (spodoptera exigua, agrotis ipsilon) and non-permissive hosts (manduca sexta) was not significantly affected. the 29-36 kda ovarian protein (op), responsible for transient immunosuppressi ... | 2000 | 10878266 |
| assessment of two natural marine toxins (microcystis aeruginosa and parasicyonis actinostoloides) for the control of some medical and agriculture insects with reference to the action on mice. | the present work describes the insecticidal potentiality from microcystis aeruginosa (cyanobacteria) and parasicyonis actinostoloides (sea anemone) water extracts against 3rd larval instar of medical insects (musca domestica and culex pipiens) and 4th larval instar of agriculture insects (spodoptera littoralis and agrotis ipsilon. the ld50s of m. aeruginosa extract were 1.94, 2.33, 7.59 and 9.10 mg/ml. for m. domestica, c. pipiens, s. littoralis and a. ipsilon). respectively. while ld50s of p. a ... | 2000 | 10946523 |
| auditory sensitivity of hawaiian moths (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and selective predation by the hawaiian hoary bat (chiroptera: lasiurus cinereus semotus). | the islands of hawai'i offer a unique opportunity for studying the auditory ecology of moths and bats since this habitat has a single species of bat, the hawaiian hoary bat (lasiurus cinereus semotus), which exerts the entire predatory selection pressure on the ears of sympatric moths. i compared the moth wings discarded by foraging bats with the number of surviving moths on the island of kaua'i and concluded that the endemic noctuid haliophyle euclidias is more heavily preyed upon than similar- ... | 2001 | 11429137 |
| gene knockout demonstrates that vip3a contributes to the pathogenesis of bacillus thuringiensis toward agrotis ipsilon and spodoptera exigua. | vip3a is an 89-kda protein secreted by bacillus thuringiensis during vegetative growth. to determine the importance of vip3a for the insect pathogenicity of b. thuringiensis the vip3a gene was deleted from strain hd1, yielding strain hd1deltavip3a. compared with hd1, strain hd1deltavip3a was one-fourth as toxic to agrotis ipsilon larvae and less than one-tenth as toxic to spodoptera exigua larvae. when streptomycin was included in the s. exigua diet the toxicity of hd1deltavip3a was approximatel ... | 2001 | 11500093 |
| establishment and characterization of insect cell lines from 10 lepidopteran species. | cell lines from selected lepidopteran species were established for the overall purpose of use in baculovirus production. a total of 36 new cell lines from 10 lepidopteran species were generated, including cell lines from a pyralid, the european corn borer, ostrinia nubilalis, a plutellid, the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella, as well as eight noctuids: the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon, the celery looper, anagrapha falcifera, the velvetbean caterpillar, anticarsia gemmatalis, the corn earw ... | 2001 | 11515970 |
| toxicity of pyrethroids and effect of synergists to larval and adult helicoverpa zea, spodoptera frugiperda, and agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | based on 48 h ld50 estimates from topical bioassays, cypermethrin was more toxic than permethrin to helicoverpa zea (boddie) larvae and adults; however, the two pyrethroids did not differ significantly in their relative toxicities to spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) and agrotis ipsilon (hufnagle). larvae of each species generally were more susceptible to cypermethrin and permethrin than respective adults. the only exception to this generalization occurred with h. zea where slight overlap of t ... | 2001 | 11561845 |
| pharmacokinetic mechanisms associated with synergism by def of cypermethrin toxicity in larval and adult helicoverpa zea, spodoptera frugiperda, and agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | penetration, metabolism, and excretion of radiocarbon were observed after topical treatment of helicoverpa zea (boddie), spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith), and agrotis ipsilon (hufnagle) larvae and adults with cypermethrin-14c. these pharmacokinetic events usually were higher with trans-cypermethrin-14c than with cis-cypermethrin-14c. they also were generally higher with h. zea and s. frugiperda than with a. ipsilon, and they were higher in larvae than in adults. no marked sex differences in t ... | 2001 | 11561846 |
| def sensitive esterases in homogenates of larval and adult helicoverpa zea, spodoptera frugiperda, and agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | homogenates of helicoverpa zea (boddie), agrotis ipsilon (hufnagle), and spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) third instars and adults contained s,s,s-tri-n-butyl phosphorotrithioate (def)-sensitive enzymes that hydrolyzed trans-cypermethrin and two known esterase substrates, alpha-naphthyl acetate and beta-naphthyl acetate. except for h. zea with alpha-naphthyl acetate, larval preparations were more active than those of adults, and no marked sex differences were apparent. the hydrolysis of trans ... | 2001 | 11561847 |
| black cutworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larval emigration and biomass in mixtures of endophytic perennial ryegrass and kentucky bluegrass. | studies examined the possibility that mixtures of endophytic perennial ryegrass and kentucky bluegrass provide resistance against larvae of the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel). we hypothesized that resistance against a. ipsilon in such stands would stem from the influence of kentucky bluegrass on a. ipsilon growth and behavior rather than the influence of endophytic perennial rvegrass. in replicated greenhouse experiments, black cutworm larvae initially emigrated more quickly from pots ... | 2001 | 11681682 |
| toxicity analysis of n- and c-terminus-deleted vegetative insecticidal protein from bacillus thuringiensis. | a vegetative insecticidal protein (vip)-encoding gene from a local isolate of bacillus thuringiensis has been cloned, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli. the expressed protein shows insecticidal activity against several lepidopteran pests but is ineffective against agrotis ipsilon. comparison of the amino acid sequence with those of reported vips revealed a few differences. analysis of insecticidal activity with n- and c-terminus deletion mutants suggests a differential mode of action ... | 2001 | 11722946 |
| role of bacillus thuringiensis cry1 delta endotoxin binding in determining potency during lepidopteran larval development. | five economically important crop pests, manduca sexta, pieris brassicae, mamestra brassicae, spodoptera exigua, and agrotis ipsilon, were tested at two stages of larval development for susceptibility to bacillus thuringiensis toxins cry1ac, cry1ca, cry1j, and cry1ba. bioassay results for m. sexta showed that resistance to all four cry toxins increased from the neonate stage to the third-instar stage; the increase in resistance was most dramatic for cry1ac, the potency of which decreased 37-fold. ... | 2002 | 11916662 |
| the insecticidal activity of cyanobacteria against four insects, two of medical importance and two agricultural pests with reference to the action on albino mice. | acute lethal toxicity of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) was investigated against 3rd larval stages of musca domestica, and culex pipiens, and 4th larval stages of spodoptera littoralis and agrotis ipsilon. the ld50s were 1.94, 2.33, 7.59 and 9.10 microg for m. domestica, c. pipiens, s. littoralis and a. ipsilon respectively. the slope functions were 4,045 +/- 0.332 (m. domestica), 4.122 +/- 0.336 (c. pipiens), 4.15 +/- 0.35 (s. littoralis) and 3.72 +/- 0.34 (a. ipsilon). these ld50s markedly a ... | 1999 | 12561932 |
| activity of wild-type and hybrid bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxins against agrotis ipsilon. | twelve cry1 and two cry9 delta-endotoxins from bacillus thuringiensis were tested for their activity against black cutworm ( agrotis ipsilon). a. ipsilon was not susceptible to many toxins, but three toxins had significant activity. cry9ca was the most toxic, followed by cry1aa and cry1fb. hybrids between these three active proteins were made by in vivo recombination and analyzed for activity against a. ipsilon. analysis of hybrids between cry1aa and cry1fb indicated that domain i of cry1aa prot ... | 2003 | 12677360 |
| eicosanoids mediate microaggregation and nodulation responses to bacterial infections in black cutworms, agrotis ipsilon, and true armyworms, pseudaletia unipuncta. | nodulation is the first, and quantitatively predominant, cellular defense reaction to bacterial infection in insects and other invertebrates. inhibition of eicosanoid biosynthesis in true armyworms, pseudaletia unipuncta, and black cutworms, agrotis ipsilon, immediately prior to intrahemocoelic injections with heat-killed preparations of the bacterium, serratia marcescens, severely impaired the nodulation response. five eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibitors, including dexamethasone (a phospholipase ... | 1997 | 12769916 |
| comparative study on the susceptibility of cutworms (lepidoptera: noctuidae) to agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus and agrotis ipsilon nucleopolyhedrovirus. | the common cutworm (agrotis segetum) and the black cutworm (agrotis ipsilon) are serious soil pests of many vegetable and field crops all over the world. we have demonstrated the cross-infectivity of two baculoviruses, a. segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus (agsenpv) and a. ipsilon nucleopolyhedrovirus (agipnpv) for these two insect pests. the susceptibility of a. segetum to agipnpv was confirmed by dna restriction endonuclease analyses of dna isolated from virus harvested from infected a. segetum larv ... | 2003 | 14615215 |
| [habit and control of pests in santalum album]. | the habit of 5 species pests from south china botanical garden was reported in this paper, they are delias aglaia linni, zenzera coffeae nietner, parlatoria pergandii comstock, scarab (grub), agrotis ypsilon rottemberg. their control methods were presented. | 2004 | 15658811 |
| molecular characterization of agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus from poland. | the turnip moth, agrotis segetum (lepidoptera, noctuidae), is an important pest insect in europe, asia, and africa. we have genetically characterized and classified a nucleopolyhedrovirus isolated from a. segetum larvae in poland (agsenpv-p). the restriction pattern of agsenpv-p was distinct from an isolate from england/france (agsenpv-uk and agsenpv-f). sequence analysis of three conserved baculovirus genes, polyhedrin, lef-8 and pif-2, revealed that agsenpv-p differs substantially from the alr ... | 2005 | 16055149 |
| comparative biological activities of a plaque-purified variant and a turkish native isolate of splinpv-b against spodoptera littoralis (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the noctuid moth spodoptera littoralis (boisduval) is an important pest of many cultivated plants worldwide and five different geographical nucleopolyhedrovirus (npv) strains of this pest have been isolated to date. two of these, a plaque-purified variant of the s. littoralis npv from morocco (splinpv-m2) and a splinpv isolated from field-infected s. littoralis larvae found in turkey (splinpv-tr1), were compared biologically in terms of infectiveness (median lethal dose, ld50) for third instars ... | 2006 | 16235266 |
| examination of the biological effects of high anionic peroxidase production in tobacco plants grown under field conditions. i. insect pest damage. | at least 25 wild type and high peroxidase tobacco nicotiana tabacum l. plants were examined semiweekly over several weeks for pest insect distribution and damage in a 2 year field study. incidence and/or severity of naturally occurring caterpillar damage (dingy cutworm (feltia ducens walker), black cutworm (agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel), tobacco hornworm (manduca sexta l.), and false tobacco budworm (= corn earworm helicoverpa zea (boddie)) was significantly reduced at several sample dates for high ... | 2006 | 16604460 |
| suitability of various turfgrass species and cultivars for development and survival of black cutworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), feeding bioassays were conducted on young and mature turfgrass species to determine their potential resistance. measures of resistance included larval weight, survival rate, instar development, pupal weight, duration of pupation, and days to pupation and adult emergence. black cutworm reared on poa pratensis 'midnight', poa arachnigera 'tejas', and poa pratensis x poa arachnigera 'reveille' exhibited slower development, lower we ... | 2006 | 16813321 |
| purification, properties and heteromeric association of type-1 and type-2 lepidopteran farnesyl diphosphate synthases. | two forms of farnesyl diphosphate synthase (fpps) from the spruce budworm, choristoneura fumiferana, and one from the armyworm pseudaletia unipuncta, have been cloned and their catalytic properties assessed. the type-2 fpps of c. fumiferana (cffpps2) was efficient in the prenyl coupling of dmapp or gpp with [(14)c]ipp, producing fpp as its final product; however, type-1 fppss (cffpps1, pufpps1, as well as agrotis ipsilon fpps1) were essentially inactive. a variety of purification methods was emp ... | 2007 | 17628280 |
| new cell lines derived from the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon, that support replication of the a. ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus and several group i nucleopolyhedroviruses. | new cell lines were recently developed from the embryos of the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae). a primary culture was initiated from 4-day-old a. ipsilon eggs in excell420 medium supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum. this initial culture produced sufficient cell growth to allow subcultivation and eventually led to the establishment of eight distinct strains. two of these strains (aie1611t and aied6t) were selected for further characterization. extracts of these strains ... | 2008 | 18395741 |
| taxonomic and biological characterization of steinernema rarum found in the southeastern united states. | two steinernema isolates found in louisiana and mississippi were later identified as isolates of s. rarum. dna sequences of its regions of the united states isolates are identical with sequences of argentinean s. rarum strains samiento and noetinger and differ by two bases from the arroyo cabral isolate from córdoba, argentina. sem observations revealed several new structures in the isolates from the us: female face views have a hexagonal-star perioral disc and eye-shaped lips; some females do n ... | 2006 | 19259427 |
| effects of fertilizers on suppression of black cutworm (agrotis ipsilon) damage with steinernema carpocapsae. | the ability of steinernema carpocapsae to reduce damage to seedling corn by the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon, in soil amended with three fertilizers (fresh cow manure, composted manure, and urea) was determined. total nitrogen was standardized among the fertilizers at 280 kg/ha and 560 kg/ha. black cutworm damage was assessed by the percentage of cut corn plants in small field plots. relative to a control (no nematodes), nematode applications resulted in reduced black cutworm damage in all tre ... | 1999 | 19270937 |
| quantification of invasion of two strains of steinernema carpocapsae (weiser) into three lepidopteran larvae. | studies with last instar larvae of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith), the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel), and the greater wax moth, galleria mellonella (l.) were used to quantify the invasive ability of two strains (all and mexican) of steinernema carpocapsae and to determine how factors in the bioassay procedure affect both nematode invasion and host mortality. nematode invasive ability was variable, with 10-50% of nematodes successfully infecting the host. the p ... | 1993 | 19279755 |
| manduca sexta (lepidoptera: sphingidae) cadherin fragments function as synergists for cry1a and cry1c bacillus thuringiensis toxins against noctuid moths helicoverpa zea, agrotis ipsilon and spodoptera exigua. | specific bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bt) toxins are effective against a narrow spectrum of species. while specificity is an advantage for limiting adverse effects on non-target organisms, it is also the primary drawback of bt's application for controlling multiple pest species in agriculture, forestry and other areas. recently, it was reported that a small toxin-binding fragment of manduca sexta (joh.) cadherin acts as a synergist of bt toxins to m. sexta, heliothis virescens f. and helicov ... | 2009 | 19489014 |
| toward the physiological basis for increased agrotis ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus infection following feeding of agrotis ipsilon larvae on transgenic corn expressing cry1fa2. | larvae of the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon hufnagel, were more susceptible to infection by a. ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (agipmnpv: baculoviridae) after feeding on herculex i, a transgenic corn hybrid expressing the bacillus thuringiensis (bt)-derived toxin cry1fa2 compared to larvae fed on isoline corn. we investigated the physiological basis for increased susceptibility to virus infection following exposure to herculex i by analyzing the midgut ph, gut protease activity and peritr ... | 2009 | 19651136 |
| changes in the haemocytes of agrotis ipsilon larvae (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in relation to dimilin and bacillus thuringiensis infections. | five types of haemocytes are observed in the fourth larval instar of the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon: prohaemocytes (prs), plasmatocytes (pls), granulocytes (grs), spherule cells (sps) and adipohaemocytes (ads). infection of a. ipsilon fourth larval instar with bacillus thuringiensis and dimilin resulted in a reduction of the total haemocyte count. changes in the differential haemocyte population during bacterial and dimilin infections have been assessed. the prs % decreased significantly whi ... | 2010 | 20056427 |
| comparative virulence of beauveria bassiana isolates against lepidopteran pests of vegetable crops. | forty-three isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana were screened for virulence against second-instar larvae of diamondback moth (plutella xylostella) (dbm), european corn borer (ostrinia nubilalis) (ecb), corn earworm (helicoverpa zea) (cew), and fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) (faw); 30 of these isolates were tested against beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua) (baw). highly virulent isolates were also tested against black cutworm (agrotis ipsilon) (bcw), and the most viru ... | 2010 | 20060396 |
| [damage and control of agrotis ypsilon on scrophularia ningpoensis]. | to study the damage of agrotis ypsilon on scrophularia ningpoensis and the control method, so as to provide scientific basis for its integrated pests management (ipm). | 2009 | 20067008 |
| characterisation of a nucleopolyhedrovirus and spiroplasma sp. bacterium associated with outbreaking populations of the antler moth cerapteryx graminis. | a broad survey was undertaken to characterise microbes associated with larval outbreaks of the antler moth cerapteryx graminis in cumbria, united kingdom. a nucleopolyhedrovirus present in all sampled populations at =5% prevalence, was characterised via restriction fragment length polymorphism and partial sequencing the polyhedrin, lef-8 and lef-9 genes; indicating a previously uncharacterised species most closely related to agrotis ipsilon npv. a survey of the host-associated bacterial communit ... | 2011 | 21281646 |
| enhanced toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki and aizawai to black cutworm larvae (lepidoptera: noctuidae) with bacillus sp. nfd2 and pseudomonas sp. fnfd1. | bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki and aizawai are important control agents for lepidopteran pests. bioassays were designed to test b. t. kurstaki and aizawai against second- and-fourth instar black cutworm larvae with and without bacillus sp. nfd2 and pseudomonas sp. fnfd1 bacteria. b. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai (xentari) was more toxic to both second- and fourth-instar black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), larvae than b. t. kurstaki (dipel) at 7 d after ... | 2011 | 21404837 |
| sublethal effects of cry 1f bt corn and clothianidin on black cutworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larval development. | black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), is an occasional pest of maize (corn), zea mays l., that may cause severe stand losses and injury to corn seedlings. the efficacy of the neonicotinoid seed treatment clothianidin at two commercially available rates and their interaction with a transgenic corn hybrid (bt corn), trait expressing the bacillus thuringiensis variety aizawai insecticidal toxin cry 1fa2, against black cutworm larvae was investigated. clothianidin at a ... | 2011 | 21510196 |
| construction of a bacillus thuringiensis genetically-engineered strain harbouring the secreted cry1ia delta-endotoxin in its crystal. | unlike other bacillus thuringiensis cry proteins, cry1ia does not form a crystal since it is a secreted delta-endotoxin. we have engineered a cry1iac chimeric protein by substituting the c-terminal part of cry1ia by the corresponding cry1ac part. when expressed in an acrystalliferous b. thuringiensis strain, cry1iac did not crystallize, but when expressed in the crystalliferous strain bns3, the chimeric protein co-crystallized with the endogenous cry1a delta-endotoxins forming a typical bipyrami ... | 2011 | 21805183 |
| endophyte-mediated resistance to black cutworm as a function of plant cultivar and endophyte strain in tall fescue. | to improve neotyphodium endophyte-mediated resistance to black cutworm agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel) (bcw), a series of experiments was conducted by using several different cultivars of tall fescue, schedonorus arundinaceus (schreb.) dumort. in combination with several different haplotypes of the endophyte neotyphodium coenophialum (morgan-jones & gams) (plant cultivar × endophyte haplotype = plant line), each producing unique alkaloid profiles. bcw settling response, survival at 5 and 10 d, and l ... | 2011 | 22251642 |
| horizontal gene transfer of a bacterial insect toxin gene into the epichloë fungal symbionts of grasses. | horizontal gene transfer is recognized as an important factor in genome evolution, particularly when the newly acquired gene confers a new capability to the recipient species. we identified a gene similar to the makes caterpillars floppy (mcf1 and mcf2) insect toxin genes in photorhabdus, bacterial symbionts of nematodes, in the genomes of the epichloë fungi, which are intercellular symbionts of grasses. infection by epichloë spp. often confers insect resistance to the grass hosts, largely due t ... | 2014 | 24990771 |
| molecular characterization and differential expression of olfactory genes in the antennae of the black cutworm moth agrotis ipsilon. | insects use their sensitive and selective olfactory system to detect outside chemical odorants, such as female sex pheromones and host plant volatiles. several groups of olfactory proteins participate in the odorant detection process, including odorant binding proteins (obps), chemosensory proteins (csps), odorant receptors (ors), ionotropic receptors (irs) and sensory neuron membrane proteins (snmps). the identification and functional characterization of these olfactory proteins will enhance ou ... | 2014 | 25083706 |
| different effects of bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry1ab on midgut cell transmembrane potential of mythimna separata and agrotis ipsilon larvae. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cry toxins from the cry1a family demonstrate significantly different toxicities against members of the family noctuidae for unknown reasons. in this study, membrane potential was measured and analyzed in freshly isolated midgut samples from mythimna separata and agrotis ipsilon larvae under oral administration and in vitro incubation with bt toxin cry1ab to elucidate the mechanism of action for further control of these pests. bioassay results showed that the larvae of ... | 2015 | 26694463 |
| identification of genes expressed in the sex pheromone gland of the black cutworm agrotis ipsilon with putative roles in sex pheromone biosynthesis and transport. | one of the challenges in insect chemical ecology is to understand how insect pheromones are synthesised, detected and degraded. genome wide survey by comparative sequencing and gene specific expression profiling provide rich resources for this challenge. a. ipsilon is a destructive pest of many crops and further characterization of the genes involved in pheromone biosynthesis and transport could offer potential targets for disruption of their chemical communication and for crop protection. | 2013 | 24053512 |
| designing of a recombinant agip bacmid construct with infectious properties against black cutworm agrotis ipsilon larvae. | in this study, agrotis ipsilon nucleopolyhedrovirus bacmid has been constructed as an infectious bacmid in an attempt to allow genome recombination and generation of virus mutants. since the fsei, a unique restriction site, is located in a viral coding region (orf_119), pcr was performed to partially amplify the orf_119 fragment containing the fsei site to facilitate the bacmid construction in a proper way without interrupting the orf expression. construction with repeated fragments at the end o ... | 2017 | 28283933 |
| the genome sequence of agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus b (agsenpv-b) reveals a new baculovirus species within the agrotis baculovirus complex. | the genome of agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus b (agsenpv-b) was completely sequenced and compared with whole genome sequences of the agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus a (agsenpv-a) and agrotis ipsilon nucleopolyhedrovirus (agipnpv). the agsenpv-b genome is 148,981 bp in length and encodes 150 putative open reading frames. agsenpv-b contains two copies of the gene viral enhancing factor (vef), making the agrotis nucleopolyhedroviruses and a. segetum granulovirus (agsegv) very rich in vef ... | 2015 | 25471493 |
| detection and quantitation of agrotis baculoviruses in mixed infections. | at least four distinct baculoviruses, namely the agrotis segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus a (agsenpv-a), the a. segetum nucleopolyhedrovirus b (agsenpv-b), the agrotis ipsilon nucleopolyhedrovirus (agipnpv) and the a. segetum granulovirus (agsegv) have been isolated from larval stages (cutworms) of the species a. segetum and a. ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae), which are serious soil pests in agriculture. cutworms can become infected by at least one of these four baculoviruses and also co-infections ... | 2014 | 24291149 |
| concentration- and time-response characteristics of plaque isolates of agrotis ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus derived from a field isolate. | plaque isolates derived from the illinois field isolate of agrotis ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus are distinguished by the presence or absence of a small deletion in the baculovirus egt (ecdysteroid udp-glucosyltransferase) coding sequence. in concentration-response and time-response bioassays with both plaque and field isolates, plaque isolates with a mutated egt gene were less pathogenic against a. ipsilon larvae than other isolates, but killed larvae faster. mixed infections with isola ... | 2013 | 23220242 |
| evaluating a naturally occurring baculovirus for extended biological control of the black cutworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in golf course habitats. | golf courses are a potential market for microbial insecticides, but how intensive management of such sites interacts with efficacy of entomopathogens is poorly known. we evaluated agrotis ipsilon nucleopolyhedrovirus (agipmnpv) for suppressing black cutworms, agrotis ipsilon hufnagel (lepidoptera: noctuidae), in turf representative of golf course habitats and on whole tees under actual play. in independent trials on sand- or soil-based putting greens and surrounds, or fairway-height creeping ben ... | 2010 | 21061953 |
| genomic sequence analysis of the illinois strain of the agrotis ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus. | the agrotis ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (agipmnpv) is a group ii nucleopolyhedrovirus (npv) from the black cutworm, a. ipsilon, with potential as a biopesticide to control infestations of cutworm larvae. the genome of the illinois strain of agipmnpv was completely sequenced. the agipmnpv genome was 155,122 nt in size and contained 163 open reading frames (orfs), including 61 orfs found among all lepidopteran baculoviruses sequenced to date. phylogenetic inference placed agipmnpv in a c ... | 2009 | 19015970 |
| microbial control of black cutworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in turfgrass using agrotis ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus. | agrotis ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (family baculoviridae, genus nucleopolyhedrovirus, agipmnpv), a naturally occurring baculovirus, was found infecting black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), on central kentucky golf courses. laboratory, greenhouse, and field studies investigated the potential of agipmnpv for managing black cutworms in turfgrass. the virus was highly active against first instars (lc50 = 73 occlusion bodies [obs] per microl with 2-microl dos ... | 2006 | 16937664 |
| potential of agrotis ipsilon nucleopolyhedrovirus for suppression of the black cutworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and effect of an optical brightener on virus efficacy. | studies were performed in the laboratory, greenhouse and field to assess the potential of agrotis ipsilon multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (agipmnpv) and a viral enhancing agent, m2r, for suppression of agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel). in laboratory droplet feeding bioassays, agipmnpv was shown to be highly active against third-instar a. ipsilon. the optical brightener m2r significantly reduced ld50 estimates by approximately 160-fold, but had no direct effect on survival time estimates. in greenhous ... | 2001 | 11681664 |
| insecticidal spectrum and mode of action of the bacillus thuringiensis vip3ca insecticidal protein. | the vip3ca protein, discovered in a screening of spanish collections of bacillus thuringiensis, was known to be toxic to chrysodeixis chalcites, mamestra brassicae and trichoplusia ni. in the present study, its activity has been tested with additional insect species and we found that cydia pomonella is moderately susceptible to this protein. vip3ca (of approximately 90kda) was processed to an approximately 70kda protein when incubated with midgut juice in all tested species. the kinetics of prot ... | 2017 | 27756652 |
| in-silico determination of insecticidal potential of vip3aa-cry1ac fusion protein against lepidopteran targets using molecular docking. | study and research of bt (bacillus thuringiensis) transgenic plants have opened new ways to combat insect pests. over the decades, however, insect pests, especially the lepidopteran, have developed tolerance against bt delta-endotoxins. such issues can be addressed through the development of novel toxins with greater toxicity and affinity against a broad range of insect receptors. in this computational study, functional domains of bacillus thuringiensis crystal delta-endotoxin (cry1ac) insectici ... | 2015 | 26697037 |
| a deletion mutant ndv200 of the bacillus thuringiensis vip3br insecticidal toxin gene is a prospective candidate for the next generation of genetically modified crop plants resistant to lepidopteran insect damage. | ectopic expression of a deletion mutant ( ndv200 ) of bacillus thuringiensis vip3br gene in tobacco plant provided almost complete protection against major crop pests cotton boll worm ( helicoverpa armigera ), black cut worm ( agrotis ipsilon ) and cotton leaf worm ( spodoptera littoralis ). whereas vip3br transgenic tobacco plant failed to protect themselves from these insects and showed resistance towards cotton leaf worm only. an analogous form of the bacillus thuringiensis vip3aa insecticida ... | 2015 | 25912191 |
| susceptibility to bt proteins is not required for agrotis ipsilon aversion to bt maize. | although bacillus thuringiensis (bt) maize has been widely adopted in diverse regions around the world, relatively little is known about the susceptibility and behavioral response of certain insect pests to bt maize in countries where this maize is not currently cultivated. these are important factors to consider as management plans are developed. these factors were investigated for agrotis ipsilon, a global pest of maize, with cry1f and cry34ab1/cry35ab1 maize. | 2015 | 25186105 |
| efficacy of pyramided bt proteins cry1f, cry1a.105, and cry2ab2 expressed in smartstax corn hybrids against lepidopteran insect pests in the northern united states. | commercial field corn (zea mays l.) hybrids transformed to express some or all of the lepidopteran insect-resistant traits present in smartstax corn hybrids were evaluated for insecticidal efficacy against a wide range oflepidopteran corn pests common to the northern united states, during 2008 to 2011 at locations in 15 states. smartstax hybrids contain a pyramid of two bacillus thuringiensis (bt) derived events for lepidopteran control: event tc1507 expressing cry1f protein and mon 89034 expres ... | 2014 | 24665726 |
| a screening of five bacillus thuringiensis vip3a proteins for their activity against lepidopteran pests. | five bacillus thuringiensis vip3a proteins (vip3aa, vip3ab, vip3ad, vip3ae and vip3af) and their corresponding trypsin-activated toxins were tested for their toxicity against eight lepidopteran pests: agrotis ipsilon, helicoverpa armigera, mamestra brassicae, spodoptera exigua, spodoptera frugiperda, spodoptera littoralis, ostrinia nubilalis and lobesia botrana. toxicity was first tested at a high dose at 7 and 10 days. no major differences were found when comparing protoxins vs. trypsin-activat ... | 2014 | 24508583 |
| insecticidal activity of vip3aa, vip3ad, vip3ae, and vip3af from bacillus thuringiensis against lepidopteran corn pests. | vip3aa, vip3ad, vip3ae, and vip3af proteins from bacillus thuringiensis were tested for their toxicity against spodoptera frugiperda and agrotis ipsilon. vip3ad was non-toxic to the two species. vip3ae and vip3af were significantly more toxic than vip3aa against s. frugiperda, both as protoxins and as toxins. against a. ipsilon, vip3ae protoxin was more toxic than vip3aa and vip3af protoxins. purification by metal-chelate affinity chromatography significantly affected vip3ae toxicity against the ... | 2013 | 23415860 |
| susceptibility of lady beetles (coleoptera: coccinellidae) to entomopathogenic nematodes. | we investigated differential susceptibility of lady beetles to entomopathogenic nematodes, for two reasons: (1) to estimate potential nontarget effects on natural lady beetle populations, (2) to compare the susceptibility of exotic versus native lady beetle species. we hypothesize that successful establishment of some exotically introduced arthropods may be due, in part, to a lower susceptibility relative to competing native species. in laboratory studies, we compared the pathogenicity, virulenc ... | 2005 | 15913642 |
| suitability of creeping bentgrass and bermudagrass cultivars for black cutworms and fall armyworms (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon hufnagel, and fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda smith (lepidoptera: noctuidae), are common turfgrass pests of golf courses in the southeastern united states. heat-tolerant bentgrass (agrostis stolonifera l.) cultivars are expanding the range of bentgrass further south, but these cultivars have not been studied for their potential host plant resistance to black cutworm or fall armyworm. the goals of the study were to investigate feeding response of black cutw ... | 2015 | 26470340 |
| insights into the structure of the vip3aa insecticidal protein by protease digestion analysis. | vip3 proteins are secretable proteins from bacillus thuringiensis whose mode of action is still poorly understood. in this study, the activation process for vip3 proteins was closely examined in order to better understand the vip3aa protein stability and to shed light on its structure. the vip3aa protoxin (of 89 kda) was treated with trypsin at concentrations from 1:100 to 120:100 (trypsin:vip3a, w:w). if the action of trypsin was not properly neutralized, the results of sds-page analysis (as we ... | 2017 | 28387713 |
| evidence for a role of oestrogen receptor-related receptor in the regulation of male sexual behaviour in the moth agrotis ipsilon. | the oestrogen receptor-related receptors (errs) are orphan nuclear receptors that were originally identified on the basis of their close homology to the oestrogen receptors. the three mammalian err genes participate in the regulation of vital physiological processes including reproduction, development and metabolic homeostasis. although unique errs have been found in insects, data on the function and regulation of these receptors remain sparse. in the present study, a 2095-bp full-length cdna en ... | 2017 | 28370607 |
| a background of a volatile plant compound alters neural and behavioral responses to the sex pheromone blend in a moth. | recognition of intra-specific olfactory signals within a complex environment of plant-related volatiles is crucial for reproduction in male moths. sex pheromone information is detected by specific olfactory receptor neurons (phe-orns), highly abundant on the male antenna. the information is then transmitted to the pheromone processing macroglomerular complex (mgc) within the primary olfactory center, the antennal lobe, where it is processed by local interneurons and projection neurons. ultimatel ... | 2017 | 28239358 |
| an insecticide further enhances experience-dependent increased behavioural responses to sex pheromone in a pest insect. | neonicotinoid insecticides are widely used to protect plants against pest insects, and insecticide residues remaining in the environment affect both target and non-target organisms. whereas low doses of neonicotinoids have been shown to disturb the behaviour of pollinating insects, recent studies have revealed that a low dose of the neonicotinoid clothianidin can improve behavioural and neuronal sex pheromone responses in a pest insect, the male moth agrotis ipsilon, and thus potentially improve ... | 2016 | 27902778 |
| increased risk of insect injury to corn following rye cover crop. | decreased pest pressure is sometimes associated with more diverse agroecosystems, including the addition of a rye cover crop (secale cereale l.). however, not all pests respond similarly to greater vegetational diversity. polyphagous pests, such as true armyworm (mythimna unipuncta haworth), black cutworm (agrotis ipsilon hufnagel), and common stalk borer (papaipema nebris guenee), whose host range includes rye have the potential to cause injury to crops following a rye cover crop. the objective ... | 2016 | 27325884 |
| host plants identification for adult agrotis ipsilon, a long-distance migratory insect. | in this study, we determined the host relationship of agrotis ipsilon moths by identifying pollen species adhering them during their long-distance migration. pollen carried by a. ipsilon moths was collected from 2012 to 2014 on a small island in the center of the bohai strait, which is a seasonal migration pathway of this pest species. genomic dna of single pollen grains was amplified by using whole genome amplification technology, and a portion of the chloroplast rbcl sequence was then amplifie ... | 2016 | 27271592 |
| effects of sublethal concentrations of cyantraniliprole on the development, fecundity and nutritional physiology of the black cutworm agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | to better understand the sublethal effects of cyantraniliprole on the black cutworm agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae), several studies were carried out to investigate sublethal effects on development stages, population parameters, feeding indices and nutrient content of a. ipsilon. the result of a bioassay showed that cyantraniliprole had high toxicity against a. ipsilon fourth-instar larvae with an lc50 of 0.354 μg.g-1 using an artificial diet. compared with controls, sublethal doses of ... | 2016 | 27249654 |
| low doses of a neonicotinoid insecticide modify pheromone response thresholds of central but not peripheral olfactory neurons in a pest insect. | insect pest management relies mainly on neurotoxic insecticides, including neonicotinoids, leaving residues in the environment. there is now evidence that low doses of insecticides can have positive effects on pest insects by enhancing various life traits. because pest insects often rely on sex pheromones for reproduction, and olfactory synaptic transmission is cholinergic, neonicotinoid residues could modify chemical communication. we recently showed that treatments with different sublethal dos ... | 2016 | 26842577 |
| field evaluation of agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae) pheromone blends and their application to monitoring moth populations in china. | the attractiveness of a series of mixtures of (z)-7-dodecenyl acetate (z7-12:ac), (z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (z9-14:ac), and (z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (z11-16:ac), the agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) pheromone, were evaluated in four locations in china. the ternary blend of z7-12:ac, z9-14:ac, and z11-16:ac was the complete pheromone blend for a. ipsilon and the ratio of z7-12:ac and z9-14:ac was optimal at 3:1. the most attractive ratio of z11-16:ac to the other components ... | 2015 | 26313979 |
| firing and intrinsic properties of antennal lobe neurons in the noctuid moth agrotis ipsilon. | the antennal lobe (al) of the noctuid moth agrotis ipsilon has emerged as an excellent model for studying olfactory processing and its plasticity in the central nervous system. odor-evoked responses of al neurons and input-to-output transformations involved in pheromone processing are well characterized in this species. however, the intrinsic electrical properties responsible of the firing of al neurons are poorly known. to this end, patch-clamp recordings in current- and voltage-clamp mode from ... | 2015 | 26126723 |
| unexpected plant odor responses in a moth pheromone system. | male moths rely on olfactory cues to find females for reproduction. males also use volatile plant compounds (vpcs) to find food sources and might use host-plant odor cues to identify the habitat of calling females. both the sex pheromone released by conspecific females and vpcs trigger well-described oriented flight behavior toward the odor source. whereas detection and central processing of pheromones and vpcs have been thought for a long time to be highly separated from each other, recent stud ... | 2015 | 26029117 |
| modeling the cellular mechanisms and olfactory input underlying the triphasic response of moth pheromone-sensitive projection neurons. | in the antennal lobe of the noctuid moth agrotis ipsilon, most pheromone-sensitive projection neurons (pns) exhibit a triphasic firing pattern of excitation (e1)-inhibition (i)-excitation (e2) in response to a pulse of the sex pheromone. to understand the mechanisms underlying this stereotypical discharge, we developed a biophysical model of a pn receiving inputs from olfactory receptor neurons (orns) via nicotinic cholinergic synapses. the orn is modeled as an inhomogeneous poisson process whos ... | 2015 | 25962173 |
| synaptotagmin i, a molecular target for steroid hormone signaling controlling the maturation of sexual behavior in an insect. | as in vertebrates, the insect steroid hormones, especially 20-hydroxyecdysone (20e), initiate and regulate sexual behavior by acting on the central nervous system. this 20e action is, in part, triggered by transcriptional events mediated through the binding of 20e to a heterodimer comprising the ecdysone receptor (ecr) and ultraspiracle (usp). however, to date, our knowledge about this genomic steroid pathway remains incomplete. in moths, males detect female sex pheromones, eliciting stereotyped ... | 2015 | 25683246 |
| unexpected effects of low doses of a neonicotinoid insecticide on behavioral responses to sex pheromone in a pest insect. | in moths, which include many agricultural pest species, males are attracted by female-emitted sex pheromones. although integrated pest management strategies are increasingly developed, most insect pest treatments rely on widespread use of neurotoxic chemicals, including neonicotinoid insecticides. residual accumulation of low concentrations of these insecticides in the environment is known to be harmful to beneficial insects such as honey bees. this environmental stress probably acts as an "info ... | 2014 | 25517118 |
| the gpcr membrane receptor, dopecr, mediates the actions of both dopamine and ecdysone to control sex pheromone perception in an insect. | olfactory information mediating sexual behavior is crucial for reproduction in many animals, including insects. in male moths, the macroglomerular complex (mgc) of the primary olfactory center, the antennal lobe (al) is specialized in the treatment of information on the female-emitted sex pheromone. evidence is accumulating that modulation of behavioral pheromone responses occurs through neuronal plasticity via the action of hormones and/or catecholamines. we recently showed that a g-protein-cou ... | 2014 | 25309365 |
| single-stranded dna fragments of insect-specific nuclear polyhedrosis virus act as selective dna insecticides for gypsy moth control. | this paper focuses on the dna insecticides as a novel preparation against gypsy moth (lymantria dispar) based on dna fragments of the anti-apoptotic gene of its nuclear polyhedrosis virus. it was found that the external application of a solution with two single-stranded dna fragments from bir and ring domains of ldmnpv (l.dispar multicapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus) iap-3 (inhibitor of apoptosis) gene induces a significantly higher mortality of gypsy moth caterpillars in comparison with the ap ... | 2014 | 25052520 |
| pheromone modulates plant odor responses in the antennal lobe of a moth. | in nature, male moths are exposed to a complex plant odorant environment when they fly upwind to a sex pheromone source in their search for mates. plant odors have been shown to affect responses to pheromone at various levels but how does pheromone affects plant odor perception? we recorded responses from neurons within the non-pheromonal "ordinary glome ruli" of the primary olfactory center, the antennal lobe (al), to single and pulsed stimulations with the plant odorant heptanal, the pheromone ... | 2014 | 24798893 |
| efficiency of prepared baits of lone or/and admixed four botanical oils on the viability of successive raised generations of agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel) (insecta: lepidoptera: noctuidae) after treating the parent ones. | the present study is initiated to determine the toxic and delayed effects of four botanical oils on the greasy cutworm a. ipsilon, aiming to attain an alternative environmentally safe and effective phytochemicals against the insect-pest. four botanical oils (camphor, red basil, menthol and rose oil) were added at rates of 0.5 and 1.0% (v/w). the tested oils were added alone, and/or admixed at proportional rate of 1:1 in the prepared baits against the exposed 4th instar till the 6th instar larvae ... | 2014 | 26084096 |
| toxic activity and delayed effects of five botanical oils on the following generations of agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel) (insecta: lepidoptera: noctuidae) after parents treatment. | the present study is carried out to evaluate the toxic efficiency and delayed effects of five botanical oils on the greasy cut worm agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae), as a trial for the attainment of a possible use of an alternative safe and effective phytochemicals against the insect-pest. so as to minimize or prevent the repeated usage of conventional insecticides, then reduce the environmental pollution as well as the occurring hazards to man and domestic animal due to the use of the p ... | 2014 | 26084091 |
| species differences in chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide insecticide binding sites in the ryanodine receptor. | anthranilic and phthalic diamides exemplified by chlorantraniliprole (chlo) or cyantraniliprole (cyan) and flubendiamide (flu), respectively, are the newest major chemotype of insecticides with outstanding potency, little or no cross resistance with other classes and low mammalian toxicity. they are activators of the ryanodine (ry) receptor (ryr)-ca(2+) channel, based on ca(2+) flux and electrophysiology investigations. the goal of this study is to define species differences in the degree and me ... | 2013 | 24267693 |
| involvement of the g-protein-coupled dopamine/ecdysteroid receptor dopecr in the behavioral response to sex pheromone in an insect. | most animals including insects rely on olfaction to find their mating partners. in moths, males are attracted by female-produced sex pheromones inducing stereotyped sexual behavior. the behaviorally relevant olfactory information is processed in the primary olfactory centre, the antennal lobe (al). evidence is now accumulating that modulation of sex-linked behavioral output occurs through neuronal plasticity via the action of hormones and/or catecholamines. a g-protein-coupled receptor (gpcr) bi ... | 2013 | 24023771 |
| characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of the black cutworm agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the complete mitochondrial genome of the black cutworm agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae) was determined (genbank accession no. kf163965). the length of this mitochondrial genome is 15,377 bp with an a + t content of 82.5%. there are 37 typical animal mitochondrial genes, that is, 13 protein-coding, 2 rrna and 22 trna gene and an a + t-rich region. the trna gene trnm was rearranged to the upstream of the trni-trnq-trnm cluster compared with the pupative ancestral arrangement of insects. al ... | 2015 | 23901925 |
| expression of cry1ac in transgenic bt soybean lines and their efficiency in controlling lepidopteran pests. | two transgenic lines of the soybean glycine max, mon87701 expressing the cry1ac protein and mon87701rr2y expressing cry1ac + epsps proteins, were evaluated for their resistance to four lepidopteran pests in the laboratory using detached-leaf bioassays throughout the soybean growth seasons (before anthesis, during anthesis and after anthesis) in china. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) were used to monitor the cry1ac expression in soybean leaves. | 2013 | 23564718 |
| is the rapid post-mating inhibition of pheromone response triggered by ecdysteroids or other factors from the sex accessory glands in the male moth agrotis ipsilon? | in many animals, male copulation is dependent on the detection and processing of female-produced sex pheromones, which is generally followed by a sexual refractory post-ejaculatory interval (pei). in the male moth, agrotis ipsilon, this pei is characterized by a transient post-mating inhibition of behavioral and central nervous responses to sex pheromone, which prevents males from re-mating until they have refilled their reproductive tracts for a potential new ejaculate. however, the timing and ... | 2013 | 23562716 |
| steroid hormone signaling is involved in the age-dependent behavioral response to sex pheromone in the adult male moth agrotis ipsilon. | in most animals, including insects, male reproduction depends on the detection and processing of female-produced sex pheromones. in the male moth, agrotis ipsilon, both behavioral response and neuronal sensitivity in the primary olfactory center, the antennal lobe (al), to female sex pheromone are age- and hormone-dependent. in many animal species, steroids are known to act at the brain level to modulate the responsiveness to sexually relevant chemical cues. we aimed to address the hypothesis th ... | 2013 | 23474331 |
| pest protection conferred by a beta vulgaris serine proteinase inhibitor gene. | proteinase inhibitors provide a means of engineering plant resistance to insect pests. a beta vulgaris serine proteinase inhibitor gene (bvsti) was fused to the constitutive camv35s promoter for over-expression in nicotiana benthamiana plants to study its effect on lepidopteran insect pests. independently derived bvsti transgenic tobacco t2 homozygous progeny were shown to have relatively high bvsti gene transcript levels. bvsti-specific polyclonal antibodies cross-reacted with the expected 30 k ... | 2013 | 23468963 |
| insecticidal and feeding deterrent effects of fraxinellone from dictamnus dasycarpus against four major pests. | fraxinellone, a well-known and significant naturally occurring compound isolated from meliaceae and rutaceae spp. has been widely used as a drug for the treatment of tumors. on the other hand, fraxinellone exhibited a variety of insecticidal activities including feeding-deterrent activity, inhibition of growth, and larvicidal activity. the present study focused on the antifeedant and larvicidal activities of fraxinellone against the larvae of lepidoptera, including mythimna separata, agrotis yps ... | 2013 | 23455666 |
| molecular identification and differential expression of sensory neuron membrane proteins in the antennae of the black cutworm moth agrotis ipsilon. | the insect sensory neuron membrane proteins (snmps) snmp1 and snmp2 are transmembrane domain-containing proteins and are homologs of the vertebrate cd36 transmembrane proteins. it has been suggested that snmps play a significant role in insect chemoreception. previous studies have demonstrated that snmp1 is expressed in the pheromone-sensitive olfactory receptor neurons (orns), whereas snmp2 is expressed in the supporting cells. in this study, we identified two full-length snmp transcripts, aips ... | 2013 | 23454276 |
| bioenergetics growth model for the effect of gamma irradiation and plant extract (barnoof) on the progeny of black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel). | this study investigated the effects of two substerilizing doses of gamma radiation, 100 and 150 gray (gy), and/or the plant extract conyza dioscorides (barnoof) in two solvents on certain biological aspects and the energy budget of the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (hufnagel). data revealed that the treatment combination of gamma radiation with the plant extract significantly increased reproduction compared with the control at all treatment levels (doses and concentrations). most of the treatme ... | 2013 | 23313764 |
| sex pheromone recognition and immunolocalization of three pheromone binding proteins in the black cutworm moth agrotis ipsilon. | insect pheromone binding proteins (pbps) are believed to solubilize and transport hydrophobic sex pheromones across sensillum lymph to membrane-associated pheromone receptors. to address the molecular mechanisms of pbps in insect pheromone perception, we undertook a systemic study on the pbps of the black cutworm agrotis ipsilon at transcript as well as protein level from tissue distribution and cellular localization to pheromone binding affinity. we cloned three full-length pbp genes aipspbp1-3 ... | 2013 | 23298680 |
| plant odour stimuli reshape pheromonal representation in neurons of the antennal lobe macroglomerular complex of a male moth. | male moths are confronted with complex odour mixtures in a natural environment when flying towards a female-emitted sex pheromone source. whereas synergistic effects of sex pheromones and plant odours have been observed at the behavioural level, most investigations at the peripheral level have shown an inhibition of pheromone responses by plant volatiles, suggesting a potential role of the central nervous system in reshaping the peripheral information. we thus investigated the interactions betwe ... | 2012 | 22539734 |
| differential interactions of sex pheromone and plant odour in the olfactory pathway of a male moth. | most animals rely on olfaction to find sexual partners, food or a habitat. the olfactory system faces the challenge of extracting meaningful information from a noisy odorous environment. in most moth species, males respond to sex pheromone emitted by females in an environment with abundant plant volatiles. plant odours could either facilitate the localization of females (females calling on host plants), mask the female pheromone or they could be neutral without any effect on the pheromone. here ... | 2012 | 22427979 |
| entomopathogenic nematodes for the management of agrotis ipsilon: effect of instar, nematode species and nematode production method. | previous laboratory studies have indicated the potential of some entomopathogenic nematode (epn) species for the control of larvae of the black cutworm (bcw). to determine the most promising epn species and the most susceptible bcw stages, a more in-depth evaluation of seven epn species against different bcw instars was carried out, the efficacies of in vitro- and in vivo-produced epns were compared and the suitability of bcw instars for epn reproduction was examined. | 2012 | 22344709 |
| the transcription factor krüppel homolog 1 is linked to the juvenile hormone-dependent maturation of sexual behavior in the male moth, agrotis ipsilon. | in the male moth, agrotis ipsilon, the behavioral response and neuronal sensitivity in the primary olfactory center, the antennal lobe (al), to sex pheromone increase with age and juvenile hormone (jh) biosynthesis. although jh has been shown to control this age-dependent plasticity, the underlying signaling pathway remains obscure. in this context, we cloned a full cdna encoding the krüppel homolog 1 transcription factor (aipskr-h1) of a. ipsilon, which was found to be predominantly expressed i ... | 2012 | 22285394 |
| can a chitin-synthesis-inhibiting turfgrass fungicide enhance black cutworm susceptibility to a baculovirus? | developmental resistance, i.e. reduced virulence and speed of kill of late instars, is a limiting factor in the use of baculoviruses for caterpillar control. agrotis ipsilon multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (agipmnpv) is highly infective to young black cutworms, agrotis ipsilon, but too slow-acting against late instars for effective curative control on golf courses or sports fields. chitin-synthesis-inhibiting fungicides containing the active ingredient polyoxin-d are used to control fungal dise ... | 2012 | 21815243 |
| mating-induced differential coding of plant odour and sex pheromone in a male moth. | innate behaviours in animals can be influenced by several factors, such as the environment, experience, or physiological status. this behavioural plasticity originates from changes in the underlying neuronal substrate. a well-described form of plasticity is induced by mating. in both vertebrates and invertebrates, males experience a post-ejaculatory refractory period, during which they avoid new females. in the male moth agrotis ipsilon, mating induces a transient inhibition of responses to the ... | 2011 | 21488987 |
| post-mating sexual abstinence in a male moth. | in most animals, male copulation is dependent on the detection and processing of female-produced sex pheromones. in males, a refractory postejaculatory interval (pei) follows copulation, allowing them to avoid direct remating until they have replenished their reproductive tracts. in the moth agrotis ipsilon, newly mated males show a transient inhibition of behavioral and central nervous responses to sex pheromone. using non-pheromonal (plant) odors, pheromones and their mixture, we now show that ... | 2010 | 21331261 |
| cloning and characterization of piggybac-like elements in lepidopteran insects. | piggybac-like elements (ple) are widespread in variety of organisms, however, few of them are active or have an intact transposon structure. to further define the distribution ples in lepidoptera, where the original active piggybac ifp2 was discovered, and potentially isolate new functional elements, a survey for ples by pcr amplification and southern dot blots was performed. two new ples, ayple and aaple, were successfully isolated from the noctuid species, agrotis ypsilon and argyrogramma agna ... | 2011 | 21210187 |
| switching attraction to inhibition: mating-induced reversed role of sex pheromone in an insect. | in the moth, agrotis ipsilon, newly mated males cease to be attracted to the female-produced sex pheromone, preventing them from re-mating until the next night, by which time they would have refilled their reproductive glands for a potential new ejaculate. the behavioural plasticity is accompanied by a decrease in neuron sensitivity within the primary olfactory centre, the antennal lobe (al). however, it was not clear whether the lack of the sexually guided behaviour results from the absence of ... | 2010 | 20709921 |