| life history and host specificity of mediorhynchus centurorum nickol 1969 (acanthocephala: gigantorhynchidae). | examination of 1905 arthropods from a swamp and surrounding pasture in sothern louisiana revealed larval specimens of mediorhynchus centurorum in 8 of 228 woodroaches, parcoblatta pensylvanica, but in no other species. the life cycle was confirmed by feeding eggs of m. centurorum to laboratory-reared woodroaches. cystacanths later recovered from the woodroaches developed into mature worms when pipetted into esophaguses of red-bellied woodpeckers, centurus carolinius: red-headed woodpeckers, mela ... | 1977 | 845719 |
| relative hippocampal volume in relation to food-storing behavior in four species of woodpeckers. | previous studies have shown that those food-storing birds of the order passeriformes that remember the locations of their caches have relatively larger hippocampal complexes than do non-storing passerines. woodpeckers constitute a different avian order (piciformes), which also includes some food-storing species. we compared hippocampal volume, relative to the volume of the rest of the telencephalon, across four species of woodpeckers with disparate caching behavior. red-bellied woodpeckers (mela ... | 1997 | 9031734 |
| spatial contrast sensitivity of birds. | contrast sensitivity (cs) is the ability of the observer to discriminate between adjacent stimuli on the basis of their differences in relative luminosity (contrast) rather than their absolute luminances. in previous studies, using a narrow range of species, birds have been reported to have low contrast detection thresholds relative to mammals and fishes. this was an unexpected finding because birds had been traditionally reported to have excellent visual acuity and color vision. this study repo ... | 2006 | 16404602 |
| toxoplasmosis in a red-bellied woodpecker (melanerpes carolinus). | a red-bellied woodpecker (melanerpes carolinus), clinically exhibiting intermittent seizures, was examined by the southeastern cooperative wildlife disease study. microscopically, the woodpecker had protozoal meningoencephalitis. toxoplasma gondii was identified by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction. sequence analysis of the sag2 locus disclosed that the t gondii detected was the type iii genotype. this is apparently the first report of clinical neural toxoplasmosis in any specie ... | 2007 | 18251416 |
| brain cholinesterase inhibition in songbirds from pecan groves sprayed with phosalone and disulfoton. | brain cholinesterase (che) activities of songbirds collected in pecan groves 6 to 7 hr after separate applications of the organophosphorus pesticides, phosalone and disulfoton, were compared to mean che activities of controls (normals) as a measure of insecticide exposure. in general, reduction of brain che activity greater than or equal to 2 standard deviations below the control mean indicates exposure to an anticholinesterase compound. phosalone had little effect on brain che activity of birds ... | 1990 | 2304190 |
| hierarchical multiscale structure-property relationships of the red-bellied woodpecker (melanerpes carolinus) beak. | we experimentally studied beaks of the red-bellied woodpecker to elucidate the hierarchical multiscale structure-property relationships. at the macroscale, the beak comprises three structural layers: an outer rhamphotheca layer (keratin sheath), a middle foam layer and an inner bony layer. the area fraction of each layer changes along the length of the beak giving rise to a varying constitutive behaviour similar to functionally graded materials. at the microscale, the rhamphotheca comprises kera ... | 2014 | 24812053 |
| quantifying purported competition with individual- and population-level metrics. | competitive species interactions may contribute to population declines. purportedly, red-bellied woodpeckers (melanerpes carolinus), a common species, and red-cockaded woodpeckers (picoides borealis), an endangered species, compete for roosting and nesting cavities in living pine trees. to determine whether behavioral interactions measured at the individual level manifest themselves at the population level, we conducted field experiments designed to test whether the presence of red-bellied woodp ... | 2010 | 20455913 |
| parasitic helminths of red-bellied woodpeckers (melanerpes carolinus) from the apalachicola national forest in florida. | seventy-four red-bellied woodpeckers (melanerpes carolinus) from the apalachicola national forest (30 degrees 10'n, 84 degrees 40'w) in northwest florida were examined for helminths. the most prevalent parasites were the nematode aproctella stoddardi (11%) and the acanthocephalan mediorhynchus centurorum (11%). new host records include pseudaprocta samueli, a. stoddardi, tridentocapillaria tridens, diplotriaena americana, dispharynx nasuta, procyrnea pileata, orthoskrjabinia rostellata, and brac ... | 2002 | 12537108 |