| fine structure and sugar transport functions of the tegument in clinostomum marginatum (digenea: clinostomatidae): environmental effects on the adult phenotype. | digenean flukes can be classified into 3 groups according to their location in the host: the lumen of the alimentary canal or associated organ, body cavity or tissue, and external surfaces. we obtained adults of clinostomum marginatum that had matured in these 3 habitats and compared the fine structure and glucose transporting capacity of their teguments. adults from the esophagus of herons, ardea herodias, had thick, smooth teguments and took up glucose by facilitated diffusion, the type of tra ... | 1991 | 1919910 |
| hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase-inducing potency in ovo and cytosolic ah receptor binding affinity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: comparison of four avian species. | the hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod)-inducing potency in ovo of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) was determined in the domestic chicken (gallus gallus), domestic pigeon (columba livia), great blue heron, and double-crested cormorant. dose-response curves were produced by injecting various doses of [3h]tcdd into the air sac of developing eggs during the latter third part of incubation. hepatic erod activities were measured in day-old hatchlings. liver, yolk, and wh ... | 1995 | 7747276 |
| sarcocystis sp. in wading birds (ciconiiformes) from florida. | sarcocysts were found in striated muscle of 21 adult wading birds among 145 examined grossly and 70 examined histologically (calculated prevalence = 24%), and in none of 332 immature wading birds examined from florida (usa). six of 12 species of ciconiforms were infected (ardea herodias, casmerodius albus, egretta caerulea, nyctanassa violacea, butorides striatus, eudocimus albus). cysts were filamentous, usually extended the entire length of the muscle fiber, and were visible grossly in 33% of ... | 1994 | 8151820 |
| in ovo 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure in three avian species. 1. effects on thyroid hormones and growth during the perinatal period. | thyroid hormones are important in the perinatal growth and development of avian species, and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) and related compounds have been shown to cause alterations in these hormones in laboratory animals. since the decreased reproductive success in certain fish-eating bird populations exposed to tcdd and related compounds is characterized by high embryo and hatchling mortality, we examined the effects of in ovo tcdd exposure on plasma thyroid hormone concentrations ... | 1996 | 8806844 |
| in ovo 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure in three avian species. 2. effects on estrogen receptor and plasma sex steroid hormones during the perinatal period. | as opposed to mammals, the heterogametic sex in birds is female, and sexual differentiation of the central nervous system away from the intrinsic male pattern is dependent on ovarian estrogen secretions during the perinatal period. the contamination of aquatic systems with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) and related compounds has been suggested to be responsible for decreased reproductive success in certain wild fish-eating bird populations. since tcdd has been shown to alter estrogen ... | 1996 | 8806845 |
| in ovo 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure in three avian species | as opposed to mammals, the heterogametic sex in birds is female, and sexual differentiation of the central nervous system away from the intrinsic male pattern is dependent on ovarian estrogen secretions during the perinatal period. the contamination of aquatic systems with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) and related compounds has been suggested to be responsible for decreased reproductive success in certain wild fish-eating bird populations. since tcdd has been shown to alter estrogen ... | 1996 | 8813006 |
| mosquito and arbovirus activity during 1997-2002 in a wetland in northeastern mississippi. | the species composition and population dynamics of adult mosquitoes in a wetland near iuka, ms, were analyzed over a 6-yr period (1997-2002) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (pcr) detection rates of arboviruses determined during five of those years. blood meals of three likely vector species were identified using a pcr-based method that allows identification of the host to species. culex erraticus (dyar & knab) composed 51.9% of the population during the 6-yr period with 295 f ... | 2004 | 15185956 |
| field investigations of winter transmission of eastern equine encephalitis virus in florida. | studies investigating winter transmission of eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) were conducted in hillsborough county, florida. the virus was detected in culiseta melanura and anopheles quadrimaculatus in february 2012 and 2013, respectively. during the winter months, herons were the most important avian hosts for all mosquito species encountered. in collections carried out in the summer of 2011, blood meals taken from herons were still common, but less frequently encountered than in winte ... | 2014 | 25070997 |
| clinostomum complanatum and clinostomum marginatum (rudolphi, 1819) (digenea: clinostomidae) are separate species based on differences in ribosomal dna. | infections by metacercariae of clinostomum (leidy, 1856) species adversely affect aquacultured fish and are potentially transmissible to humans. molecular methodologies are efficient tools, which enable diagnosis of all life-history stages of trematodes in their diverse hosts. the small subunit of ribosomal dna genes of adults of the old world clinostomum complanatum (rudolphi, 1819) and the new world clinostomum marginatum (rudolphi, 1819), obtained from a little egret egretta garzetta (linnaeu ... | 2004 | 15165071 |
| assessment of contamination and biomarker responses in two species of herons on the st. lawrence river. | this study was undertaken to validate potential biomarkers of exposure and effects due to chemical contaminants in breeding colonies of the great blue heron and the black-crowned night-heron on the st. lawrence river. eggs and fledglings from both species were collected from many colonies along the river. the fledglings from colonies in freshwater and brackish water were more contaminated by mercury and pcbs than those from estuarine and gulf colonies. with respect to fledglings of the two heron ... | 2002 | 12413303 |
| eustrongylidiasis in eastern great blue herons (ardea herodias). | the nematode eustrongylides ignotus was found in peritoneal lesions of several great blue herons (ardea herodias) submitted for necropsy from a wildlife rehabilitation center in northern delaware. prior to death, signs of disease included ataxia, emaciation, weakness, and anemia. blood collection was not uniformly performed, but in cases where it was performed, affected birds demonstrated abnormal clinical hematology. postmortem findings included numerous lesions associated with verminous perito ... | 2000 | 10879926 |
| behavioral, morphological and physiological correlates of diurnal and nocturnal vision in selected wading bird species. | we examined in selected wading bird species if diurnal or nocturnal foraging and the use of visual or tactile feeding strategies could be correlated with retinal structure and function. the selected species were the yellow-crowned night heron (nycticorax violaceus), a crepuscular and nocturnal forager, the great blue heron (ardea herodias), a mainly crepuscular, but also diurnal and nocturnal feeder, the roseate spoonbill (ajaia ajaja), a mainly crepuscular feeder which forages more at night tha ... | 1999 | 10473901 |
| elemental profiles in feather samples from a mercury-contaminated lake in central california | flight feathers from six bird species at clear lake, ca were analyzed to determine the extent and distribution of mercury contamination from an abandoned mercury mine and associated levels of 14 other elements. feather samples were collected from adult and juvenile osprey (pandion haliaetus), including juvenile osprey from three additional comparison sites; adult western grebes (aechmophorus occidentalis); adult great blue herons (ardea herodias); adult mallards (anas platyrhynchos); adult turke ... | 1998 | 9601923 |
| assessment of cerebral hemispheric symmetry in hatchling chickens exposed in ovo to polychlorinated biphenyl congeners. | previous investigators have reported that exposure to a mixture of environmental contaminants, including polychlorinated biphenyls, results in morphologic asymmetry of the cerebral hemispheres in hatchling great blue herons (ardea herodias) and have suggested that this asymmetry may be a useful biomarker for contamination. this study was made to determine whether exposure to pcb congeners 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (iupac #77) and 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (iupac #126) causes similar as ... | 1997 | 9175506 |
| carbofuran poisoning in herons: diagnosis using cholinesterase reactivation techniques. | exposure to the carbamate insecticide carbofuran was detected using brain cholinesterase (che) reactivation techniques in heron carcasses collected from a potential pesticide exposure incident. great egrets (nycticorax nycticorax), great blue herons (ardea herodias), and black-crowned night herons (casmerodius albus) were exposed to carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate) either by dermal exposure while wading or through ingestion of contaminated food items. carcasse ... | 1995 | 8583636 |
| pathogenesis of eustrongylides ignotus (nematoda: dioctophymatoidea) in ciconiiformes. | natural (n = 157) and experimental (n = 5) infections with the nematode eustrongylides ignotus are described for ciconiforms collected in florida (usa). larvae perforated the ventriculus in 3 to 5 hr and caused hemorrhage and bacterial peritonitis that sometimes progressed to a fibrous peritonitis with extensive adhesions. severity of the disease was related inversely to the age of the bird and directly to the number of parasites involved. some infections in adult birds were resolved. as a conse ... | 1993 | 8487374 |
| the epizootiology of eustrongylidosis in wading birds (ciconiiformes) in florida. | a total of 2,167 individuals representing 15 species of wading birds was examined for infection with the nematode eustrongylides ignotus in florida (usa). ten of the species were infected with the greatest prevalences occurring in great blue herons (ardea herodius) (33%), great egrets (casmerodius albus) (22%), and snowy egrets (egretta thula) (19%). among nestlings, prevalences increased with age. this parasite was estimated to cause at least 80% mortality among nestling ciconiiforms at one col ... | 1993 | 8487373 |
| biological effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls in double-crested cormorant chicks (phalacrocorax auritus). | the present project assessed the effect of environmental contamination with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), dibenzofurans (pcdfs), and biphenyls (pcbs) on hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) activities and morphological parameters in matched double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus) hatchlings from egg clutches chosen for chemical analysis. double-crested cormorant eggs were collected from five colonies across canada, with differing levels of contamination. l ... | 1994 | 8301702 |
| ultrastructural evidence for the presence of bacteria, viral-like particles, and mycoplasma-like organisms associated with giardia spp. | giardia trophozoites and cysts, isolated from mammalian and avian hosts, were examined by transmission electron microscopy (tem), scanning electron microscopy (sem), and by fluorescent light microscopy for the presence of microbial symbionts. mycoplasma-like organisms were observed on the surfaces of trophozoites isolated from the prairie vole, laboratory rat, and beaver. intracellular bacteria were observed by tem in the trophozoites and cysts of g. microti and by fluorescence microscopy in tro ... | 1988 | 3284999 |
| giardia sp.: comparison of electrophoretic karyotypes. | species in the genus giardia have been named on the basis of host specificity, cell dimensions, and median body morphology. despite these criteria, the species taxonomy of giardia is still in question. to investigate giardia taxonomy on a molecular level, giardia chromosomal dna was analyzed by orthogonal-field-alternation gel electrophoresis (ofage) and transverse alternating field electrophoresis (tafe). chromosomal dna of g. duodenalis isolates (human, muskrat, sheep, dog, beaver), g. muris ( ... | 1990 | 2226707 |
| axenic culture and characterization of giardia ardeae from the great blue heron (ardea herodias). | trophozoites of giardia ardeae were obtained from the great blue heron (ardea herodias) and established in axenic culture using the tyi-s-33 medium. the generation time in culture for g. ardeae was 22-25 hr, which was 3-fold longer than for giardia duodenalis (wb strain). a morphological comparison of trophozoites in the original intestinal isolate to those grown in culture revealed that they were identical for the following characteristics: a pyriform-shaped body, a ventral adhesive disc with a ... | 1990 | 2213415 |
| bacteria associated with tegument of clinostomum marginatum (digenea). | adults of clinostomum marginatum freshly collected from a heron, ardea herodias, were examined using transmission electron microscopy. specimens from the mouth of the bird were encrusted with bacteria that were not removed by washing unless the saline contained antibiotics. there was no evidence that the attached bacteria were damaging to the trematode tegument. three species of gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the worm surfaces and identified; achromobacter sp. was present in pure cult ... | 1991 | 1919930 |
| morbidity and mortality of great blue herons in indiana caused by eustrongylides ignotus. | | 1977 | 907587 |
| experimental bolbophorus damnificus (digenea: bolbophoridae) infections in piscivorous birds. | in order to determine potential definitive hosts of the digenetic trematode, bolbophorus damnificus, two american white pelicans (pelecanus erythrorhynchos), two double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus), two great blue herons (ardea herodias), and two great egrets (ardea alba) were captured, treated with praziquantel, and fed channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) infected with b. damnificus metacercariae. patent infections of b. damnificus, which developed in both american white pelican ... | 2009 | 19617478 |
| mercury concentrations in birds from two atmospherically contaminated sites in north texas, usa. | mercury (hg) is a ubiquitous and highly toxic contaminant that can have negative effects on wildlife. only a few studies have measured hg concentrations in birds from the south central united states, and the potential threat of hg contamination to birds in this region is largely unknown. in the present study, we assess hg concentrations in blood and feathers from five bird species [eastern bluebird (sialis sialis), carolina wren (thryothorus ludovicianus), wood duck (aix sponsa), great egret (ar ... | 2015 | 26137900 |
| retrospective analysis of mercury content in feathers of birds collected from the state of michigan (1895-2007). | museum specimens were used to analyze temporal trends in feather mercury (hg) concentrations in birds collected from the state of michigan between the years 1895 and 2007. hg was measured in flank and secondary feathers from three species of birds that breed in the great lakes region; common terns (n = 32), great blue herons (n = 35), and herring gulls (n = 35). more than 90% of the hg in feathers should be organic, but some of the heron and gull feathers collected prior to 1936 showed evidence ... | 2011 | 21755350 |
| retrobulbar teratoma in a great blue heron (ardea herodias). | | 1994 | 7858042 |
| retinal pigment epithelial fine structure in the great blue heron (ardea herodias). | the fine structure of the retinal epithelium (rpe), choriocapillaris and bruch's membrane (complexus basalis) has been studied by light and electron microscopy in the great blue heron (ardea herodias). in this species the rpe consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells which display numerous basal (scleral) infoldings and plentiful apical (vitreal) processes which surround photoreceptor outer segments. these epithelial cells are joined laterally by a series of tight junctions located in the mid ... | 1994 | 7864403 |
| feather barbs as a good source of mtdna for bird species identification in forensic wildlife investigations. | abstract: background: the ability to accurately identify bird species is crucial for wildlife law enforcement and bird-strike investigations. however, such identifications may be challenging when only partial or damaged feathers are available for analysis. results: by applying vigorous contamination controls and sensitive pcr amplification protocols, we found that it was feasible to obtain accurate mitochondrial (mt)dna-based species identification with as few as two feather barbs. this minimall ... | 2011 | 21794178 |
| monitoring biological effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls in great blue heron chicks (ardea herodias) in british columbia. | the canadian wildlife service monitors levels of polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons in great blue heron (ardea herodias) eggs in british columbia as indicators of environmental contamination. the present project assessed the temporal effects of environmental contamination with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) and other polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), dibenzofurans (pcdfs), and biphenyls (pcbs) on hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase (erod) activities and severa ... | 1994 | 8145284 |
| host reproductive phenology drives seasonal patterns of host use in mosquitoes. | seasonal shifts in host use by mosquitoes from birds to mammals drive the timing and intensity of annual epidemics of mosquito-borne viruses, such as west nile virus, in north america. the biological mechanism underlying these shifts has been a matter of debate, with hypotheses falling into two camps: (1) the shift is driven by changes in host abundance, or (2) the shift is driven by seasonal changes in the foraging behavior of mosquitoes. here we explored the idea that seasonal changes in host ... | 2011 | 21408172 |
| temporal analysis of feeding patterns of culex erraticus in central alabama. | host blood meals in seven mosquito species previously shown to be infected with eastern equine encephalitis virus at a site in the tuskegee national forest in southcentral alabama were investigated. of 1374 blood meals derived from 88 different host species collected over 6 years from these seven mosquito species, 1099 were derived from culex erraticus. analysis of the temporal pattern of cx. erraticus meals using a runs test revealed that the patterns of feeding upon avian and mammalian hosts f ... | 2011 | 21395423 |
| intracellular yeasts in endothelial cells of a great blue heron (ardea herodias). | intracellular organisms in the endothelial cells of several organs of an adult great blue heron (ardea herodias) were identified as a yeast in the family saccharomycetales based on ultrastructural morphology and sequence data from the ribosomal rna operon. morphologically similar organisms of unknown identity have been described previously in muscovy (cairina moschata) and domestic (anas platyrhynchos domestica) ducks. | 2010 | 20093702 |
| phylogenetic analysis of avian poxviruses among free-ranging birds of virginia. | polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify a portion of the avian poxvirus core 4b gene of infected free-ranging birds that presented at the wildlife center of virginia during the 2003 and early 2004 years. the species of bird infected were a great blue heron (ardea herodias), two american crows (corvus brachyrhyncos), two american robins (turdus migratorius), two mourning doves (zenaida macroura), a red-tailed hawk (buteo jamaicensis), a blue-gray gnatcatcher (polioptila caerulea), a norther ... | 2005 | 16405007 |
| environmental contaminants and reproductive success of great blue herons ardea herodias in british columbia, 1986-1987. | in 1986, eggs were collected and productivity estimated at four great blue heron (ardea herodias) colonies on the coast of british columbia. polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (pcdds) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs) were present in all eggs in a qualitatively similar pattern among colonies. pcdd levels were significantly elevated at a colony near a kraft pulp mill at crofton on vancouver island, although there was no correlation between the number of young raised in a nest and levels of ei ... | 1989 | 15092407 |
| giardiasis in a great blue heron (ardea herodias) in new york state: another potential source of waterborne giardiasis. | | 1986 | 3962974 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ether trends in eggs of marine and freshwater birds from british columbia, canada, 1979-2002. | temporal, spatial, and interspecific trends in polybrominated diphenyl ether (pbde) flame retardants were determined in eggs of marine and freshwater bird species from the province of british columbia, canada. temporal trends in the fraser river estuary, 1983-2002, were examined by analysis of eggs of great blue herons (ardea herodias) and from the strait of georgia marine ecosystem, 1979-2002, in eggs of double-crested cormorants (phalacrocorax auritus). results were compared to those from eggs ... | 2005 | 16124290 |
| evidence from nature: interspecies spread of heron hepatitis b viruses. | heron hepatitis b viruses (hhbvs) in three subspecies of free-living great blue herons (ardea herodias) from florida, usa, were identified and characterized. eight of 13 samples were positive in all assays used, whereas sera from egrets, which are also members of the family ardeidae, were negative in the same assays. comparative phylogenetic analysis of viral dna sequences from the pres/s region of previously reported and novel hhbv strains isolated from captive grey herons (germany) and free-ra ... | 2005 | 15831944 |
| siblicidal aggression and resource monopolization in birds. | in texas, great egret casmerodius albus chicks attack younger nestmates, often fatally (siblicide). by contrast, the young of neighboring great blue herons ardea herodias seldom strike or kill siblings. these interspecific differences seem related to prey size: only fish provided by egret parents are small enough for chicks to monopolize (a process facilitated by aggression). experimentally cross-fostered heron chicks raised on small prey by egret parents became siblicidal, but the reverse proce ... | 1984 | 17810292 |
| a historical record of mercury contamination in southern florida (usa) as inferred from avian feather tissue. | during the late 1980s, the upper trophic-level biota of the everglades (fl, usa) was recognized as being highly contaminated with mercury (hg). however, the timing and pattern of that increase is poorly known, and no information is available about mercury contamination in everglades wildlife prior to 1974. we measured methylmercury concentrations in feathers of white ibises (n = 33), great egrets (n = 7), anhingas (n = 21), and great blue herons (n = 12) from museum specimens collected from 1910 ... | 2004 | 15376533 |
| advantages and disadvantages of egret and heron brood reduction. | data from great egrets and great blue herons were used to test a fundamental assumption of lack's brood-reduction hypothesis, that mortality is brood-size dependent. this was confirmed for the largest brood sizes (4 and 3), which, in egrets, also have the highest sib-fighting rates. broods of one, however, experienced paradoxically high mortality, especially early in the season. the hypothesis is advanced that parents desert unprofitably small broods when sufficient time remains for production o ... | 1986 | 28556322 |
| thyroid hormones, retinol and clinical parameters in relation to mercury and organohalogen contaminants in great blue heron (ardea herodias) nestlings from the st. lawrence river, québec, canada. | the exposure and effects of persistent environmental contaminants were investigated in great blue heron (ardea herodias) nestlings sampled in 2001, 2002, 2006, and 2007 in freshwater and estuarine heronries along the st. lawrence river, québec (canada). biomarkers (retinoids, thyroid hormones, and clinical parameters) and contaminants (organochlorine contaminants, polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), brominated flame retardants (bfrs), and mercury (hg)) were analyzed in blood, and hg was analyzed i ... | 2017 | 28102440 |
| temporal trends of perfluoroalkyl substances (pfas) in eggs of coastal and offshore birds: increasing pfas levels associated with offshore bird species breeding on the pacific coast of canada and wintering near asia. | perfluoroalkyl substances (pfas) such as perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (pfcas) and perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (pfsas) have become virtually ubiquitous throughout the environment, and, based on laboratory studies, have known toxicological consequences. various national and international voluntary phase-outs and restrictions on these compounds have been implemented over the last 10 to 15 years. in the present study, we examine trends (1990/1991-2010/2011) in aquatic birds (ancient murrelet, synthlibo ... | 2015 | 25989421 |
| brominated flame retardant trends in aquatic birds from the salish sea region of the west coast of north america, including a mini-review of recent trends in marine and estuarine birds. | polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) increased in many matrices during the 1990s and early 2000s. since voluntary restrictions and regulations on pbdes were implemented in north america circa early 2000s, decreases in pbdes have occurred in many of these same matrices. to examine temporal trends in the north pacific, we retrospectively analysed pbdes and eight non-pbde flame retardants (fr) in eggs of two aquatic bird species, great blue herons, ardea herodias, and double-crested cormorants, p ... | 2015 | 25241209 |
| brevetoxicosis in seabirds naturally exposed to karenia brevis blooms along the central west coast of florida. | harmful algal bloom events caused by the dinoflagellate karenia brevis occurred along the central west florida, usa, coast from february 2005 through december 2005 and from august 2006 through december 2006. during these events, from 4 february 2005 through 28 november 2006, live, debilitated seabirds admitted for rehabilitation showed clinical signs that included disorientation, inability to stand, ataxia, and seizures. testing of blood, biologic fluids, and tissues for brevetoxin by enzyme-lin ... | 2013 | 23568900 |
| perfluorinated compound concentrations in great blue heron eggs near st. paul, minnesota, usa, in 1993 and 2010-2011. | a great blue heron (ardea herodias) colony on pig's eye island on the mississippi river near st. paul, minnesota, usa, is located near several potential perfluorinated compound (pfc) sources. the pfc concentrations in great blue heron eggs reported from a 1993 collection from the pig's eye colony were among the highest measured in bird eggs worldwide. the objective of this investigation was to determine whether pfc concentrations in great blue heron eggs at the pig's eye colony have changed sinc ... | 2013 | 23378367 |
| redescription of chabaudacuaria multispinosa (pérez vigueras, 1938) n. g., n. comb. (nematoda: spirurida: acuariidae) based on specimens from ardea herodias l. and nyctanassa violacea (l.) (ardeidae) in florida. | chabaudacuaria n. g. is erected, as monotypic, for c. multispinosa (pérez vigueras, 1938) n. comb. (spirurida: acuariidae) [syns cheilospirura multispinosa pérez vigueras, 1938; acuaria multispinosa (pérez vigueras, 1938) yamaguti, 1961]. this species, a parasite of various ardeid birds, is redescribed by means of light and scanning electron microscopy based on material from great blue herons ardea herodias l. and yellow-crowned night herons nyctanassa violacea (l.) in florida, usa. chabaudacuar ... | 2012 | 22983796 |
| dietary exposure of great blue heron (ardea herodias) to pcdd/dfs in the tittabawassee river floodplain, mi, usa. | concentrations of dioxin-like compounds, primarily polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs), in soils and sediments of the tittabawassee river (tr) and associated floodplains downstream of midland, michigan (usa) were greater than upstream sites and prompted a site-specific risk assessment of great blue herons (gbh). dietary exposure of gbh to pcdfs and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds) was evaluated based on site-specific concentrations of residues in prey items. concentrations of ∑pcdd/df ... | 2011 | 21093913 |
| tissue-based risk assessment of great blue heron (ardea herodias) exposed to pcdd/df in the tittabawassee river floodplain, michigan, usa. | concentrations of dioxin-like compounds, primarily polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs), in soils and sediments of the tittabawassee river (tr) and associated floodplains downstream of midland, michigan, usa, were greater than upstream sites and prompted a site-specific risk assessment of great blue herons (gbh). tissue exposure of pcdf and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds) was assessed in multiple gbh tissue types, including blood plasma of adults and eggs, as well as blood plasma, adi ... | 2010 | 20886642 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ethers, toxaphenes, and other halogenated organic pollutants in great blue heron eggs. | the great blue heron (ardea herodias) has been used as a bioindicator of the state of the st. lawrence river (québec, canada) since 1996. at 5-year intervals, selected breeding colonies along the river and its estuary are visited to estimate reproductive success and determine levels of contamination. brominated flame retardants are found in many ecosystems and are increasing in concentration in the great lakes, which is the source of much of the water for the st. lawrence river. in 2001 and 2002 ... | 2010 | 20821441 |
| pansteatitis in great blue herons. | | 1986 | 3505943 |
| an evaluation of the effects of persistent environmental contaminants on the reproductive success of great blue herons (ardea herodias) in indiana. | contaminants in great blue herons (ardea herodias) from indiana were quantified to determine if levels were high enough to impair reproduction. during 2005 and 2006, 35 eggs were collected from 6 colonies and analyzed for contaminants. between 30 and 101 nests were monitored in 7 colonies weekly over a 3-month period to determine reproductive and fledging success. average levels (+/-sd) of polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and organochlorine pesticides in egg yolks wer ... | 2009 | 19020975 |
| utilizing the great blue heron (ardea herodias) in ecological risk assessments of bioaccumulative contaminants. | selection of an appropriate species is a key element of effective ecological risk assessments (era), especially when site-specific field studies are to be employed. great blue herons (gbh) possess several ideal characteristics of a receptor species for the assessment of bioaccumulative compounds in the environment, such as ease of study, high potential for exposure, widespread distribution, and territorial foraging behavior. methodologies for assessing exposure and population health are describe ... | 2009 | 18850295 |
| dde poisoning in wild great blue heron. | | 1976 | 987814 |
| are we overestimating risk of enteric pathogen spillover from wild birds to humans? | enteric illnesses remain the second largest source of communicable diseases worldwide, and wild birds are suspected sources for human infection. this has led to efforts to reduce pathogen spillover through deterrence of wildlife and removal of wildlife habitat, particularly within farming systems, which can compromise conservation efforts and the ecosystem services wild birds provide. further, salmonella spp. are a significant cause of avian mortality, leading to additional conservation concerns ... | 2020 | 32003106 |
| trophic transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls in great blue heron (ardea herodias) at crab orchard national wildlife refuge, illinois, united states. | in this study, polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) concentrations were measured in great blue heron (gbhe) (ardea herodias) chicks and eggs at crab orchard national wildlife refuge (conwr) in southern illinois. in addition, biomagnification factors (bmfs) from gizzard shad (dorosoma cepedianum) and their effects on reproductive effort were examined. total pcbs (sigmapcbs) in chicks and shad were greater at the east end of crab orchard lake (i.e., near the site of contamination) than the west end, but ... | 2007 | 17354036 |
| monitoring temporal and spatial trends in polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds) and dibenzofurans (pcdfs) in eggs of great blue heron (ardea herodias) on the coast of british columbia, canada, 1983-1998. | eggs from 21 resident great blue heron (ardea herodias) rookeries were monitored from 1983 to 1998 along the coast of british columbia, canada, for contamination with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), dibenzofurans (pcdfs) and biphenyls (pcbs). dominant congeners (1,2,3,7,8-pncdd, 1,2,3,6,7,8-hxcdd, 2,3,7,8-tcdd, 2,3,7,8-tcdf, 1,2,3,7,8,9-hxcdd and 2,3,4,7,8-pncdf) fell markedly in the early 1990s after pulp mills changed from molecular chlorine bleaching to alternative bleaching techno ... | 2001 | 11795216 |
| β-carotene and retinoids in eggs of great blue herons (ardea herodias) in relation to st lawrence river contamination. | : the potential use of retinoids and β-carotene as biomarkers in the eggs of the great blue heron was investigated. in the spring of 1991, 65 eggs were collected from nine heronries (seven along the st lawrence river and two reference sites). a method was specifically developed for the extraction and analysis of β-carotene and the retinoids in heron egg yolks by reversed-phase hplc. when results were expressed either as the molar ratio of retinol: retinyl palmitate or as retinyl palmitate concen ... | 1994 | 24202125 |
| retinal photoreceptor fine structure in the great blue heron (ardea herodias). | the morphology of the retinal photoreceptors of the great blue heron (ardea herodias) has been investigated by light and electron microscopy. they consist of rods, single cones and double (unequal) cones present in a ratio of about 2:1:1 respectively. the rods are slender elongated cells with outer segments that reach to the retinal epithelial (rpe) cells and are surrounded by pigment-rich apical processes of the rpe cells in the light-adapted state. the rod inner segment displays an ellipsoid o ... | 1994 | 7864402 |
| organochlorine contaminant assessment in great blue herons using traditional and nonlethal monitoring techniques. | a nonlethal method is discussed for the evaluation of contaminant concentrations in whole eggs. concentrations of pentachlorobenzene, hexachlorobenzene, dde, and the pcb congeners, bz-60, bz-118, bz-138, bz-180, and bz-170 were quantified in tissue samples from great blue herons (ardea herodias). all tissues within whole eggs from two colonies were homogenized together and analysed for these chlorinated contaminants. contents and chorio-allantoic membranes (cams) of additional whole eggs were se ... | 1994 | 15091735 |
| multimedia environmental monitoring: 50 years at hanford. | environmental monitoring has been an ongoing activity on the u.s. department of energy's hanford site in southeastern washington for almost 50 years. objectives are to detect and assess potential impacts of site operations on air, surface and ground waters, foodstuffs, fish, wildlife, soil and vegetation. data from monitoring effects are used to calculate the overall radiological dose to humans working onsite or residing in nearby communities. in 1989, measured hanford site perimeter concentrati ... | 1993 | 24220840 |
| suspected sodium toxicity in hand-reared great blue heron (ardea herodias) chicks. | sodium toxicity was suspected in hand-reared great blue heron (ardea herodias) chicks fed herring frozen in brine (seawater). affected chicks were lethargic with stiff legs that extended to the posterior, and breathing was labored. chicks regurgitated food or refused to eat. all chicks that were fed herring exclusively and eight of the 10 chicks fed a mixed diet (herring and salmonids) died, whereas all chicks fed only salmonids survived. renal lesions ranged from mild to marked generalized neph ... | 2013 | 1417607 |
| electron microscopic observations on the pecten of the great blue heron (ardea herodias). | the pecten oculi of the great blue heron (ardea herodias) has been examined by both light and electron microscopy. in this species the pecten is large and of the pleated type. it consists of 14-15 acordion folds that are joined apically by a more heavily pigmented bridge of tissue which holds the pecten in a fan-like shape widest at its base. as in other species it is situated over the optic nerve head and projects out into the vitreous. within each fold are numerous capillaries, larger supply a ... | 1991 | 1810533 |
| organochlorine residues and mortality of herons. | since 1966, 72 herons found dead or moribund in the field have been analyzed for organochlorine chemicals. in addition, 36 herons were obtained through systematic collections, and carcasses were analyzed to determine sublethal exposure to organochlorines. brains of birds found dead or moribund were analyzed to determine whether the birds had died of organochlorine poisoning. residues of dde were found most frequently (96 of 105 carcasses analyzed), pcbs were second (detected in 90 carcasses), an ... | 1981 | 6793997 |
| organochlorine residues in young herons from the upper mississippi river-1976. | chicks of great blue herons (ardea herodias) from four heronaries located near south st. paul, royalton, and wabasha, minnesota, and la crosse, wisconsin, were analyzed for organochlorines, highest mean wet-weight concentrations, 6.43 ppm pcbs. 1.31 ppm dde, and 1.90 ppm sigma ddt, were found in the south st. paul chicks. among chicks from the other three heronries, most levels were similar, but were significantly lower than levels in south st. paul chicks. lowest mean organochlorine levels, 0.3 ... | 1979 | 119945 |
| identification of polychlorinated styrene compounds in heron tissues by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. | unknown compounds detected in ardea herodias tissues are identified by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry as residues of octachlorostyrene. heptachlorostyrene and hexachlorostyrene were tentatively identified. | 1977 | 833106 |
| temporal trends of mercury and organohalogen contaminants in great blue heron eggs from the st. lawrence river, québec, canada, 1991-2011, and relationships with tracers of feeding ecology. | since 1991, great blue heron (ardea herodias) eggs have been collected and analyzed for mercury (hg), persistent organic contaminants (ocs), brominated and non-brominated flame retardants (frs) as well as stable isotopes δ(13)c and δ(15)n. in the present study, temporal trends of contaminants were analyzed in eggs sampled in four regions along the st. lawrence river (quebec, canada) and inland sites using new and previously published data. most contaminants declined significantly over time in mo ... | 2017 | 28797142 |
| contamination and biomarkers in the great blue heron, an indicator of the state of the st. lawrence river. | in 1996-1997, nine breeding colonies of the great blue heron on the st. lawrence river and its estuary (québec, canada) were investigated in the framework of a biomonitoring program. fledglings from colonies in freshwater were more contaminated with mercury, pcbs and many organic contaminants than those from estuarine colonies. the level of contamination in the st. lawrence river is generally below the levels of toxicological effects for the great blue heron. the molar ratio of retinol: retinyl ... | 2006 | 16400530 |
| a case study comparing static and spatially explicit ecological exposure analysis methods. | exposure to chemical contaminants must be estimated when performing ecological risk assessments. a previous article proposed a habitat area and quality conditioned population exposure estimator, e[hq]p, and described an individual-based, random walk, monte carlo model (se3m) to facilitate calculation of e[hq]p. in this article, e[hq]p was compared with exposure estimates from a baseline risk assessment that evaluated mink and great blue heron exposure to fluoride at a federal superfund site. cal ... | 2001 | 11824676 |
| 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) induces hepatic cytochrome p450-dependent arachidonic acid epoxygenation in diverse avian orders: regioisomer selectivity and immunochemical comparison of the tcdd-induced p450s to cyp1a4 and 1a5. | 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) markedly induced cytochrome p450 (cyp)-dependent arachidonic acid metabolism in liver microsomes from hatchlings of four avian species belonging to four different orders: chick, pigeon, cormorant, and great blue heron, increasing formation of arachidonic acid epoxides (eets), monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (hetes), omega-1, and omega-2 oh arachidonic acid products by fivefold or more. microsomes from tcdd-induced hatchling chicks had the highest acti ... | 1998 | 9630459 |
| heavy metal concentrations in great blue heron fecal castings in washington state: a technique for monitoring regional and global trends in environmental contaminants. | | 1995 | 8520146 |
| morphometric abnormalities in brains of great blue heron hatchlings exposed in the wild to pcdds. | great blue heron hatchlings from colonies in the strait of georgia, british columbia, canada are being monitored for environmental contaminant exposure and effects by the canadian wildlife service. the contaminants of concern are polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (pcdds) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs), primarily derived from kraft pulp mill effluent. the levels of pcdds and pcdfs in eggs from the most contaminated colonies peaked in 1988 and 1989 and dropped dramatically through 1990 to ... | 1995 | 7556025 |
| chlorinated contaminants in chorio-allantoic membranes from great blue heron eggs at whidbey island naval air station. | chorio-allantoic membranes (cams) were collected and analyzed for chlorinated hydrocarbons as part of a wildlife toxicology demonstration project at naval air station (nas) whidbey island, washington, usa. concentrations of ddt, dde, ddd, aroclor 1254, and aroclor 1260 were found at concentrations below 0.4 ppm for 13 of 14 samples. the low correlations among ddt and its metabolites in cams suggest herons are not being exposed to a consistent source of these compounds. comparison of chlorinated ... | 1995 | 7874465 |
| dioxin contamination and growth and development in great blue heron embryos. | a great blue heron colony located near a pulp mill in british columbia failed to fledge young in 1987, with a concurrent sharp increase in polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (pcdd) and polychlorinated dibenzofuran (pcdf) levels in their eggs. in 1988 we tested the hypothesis that the pcdd and pcdf contamination caused reproductive failure by increasing mortality of the heron embryos in ovo. pairs of great blue heron eggs were collected from three british columbia colonies with low, intermediate, a ... | 1991 | 2002515 |
| comparison of polychlorinated dibenzodioxin levels with hepatic mixed-function oxidase induction in great blue herons. | as part of the canadian wildlife service monitoring of great blue herons in british columbia, eggs were collected from three colonies with low, intermediate, and high levels of pcdd and pcdf contamination: nicomekl, vancouver, and crofton, respectively. one egg from each nest was used for chemical analysis by gc-ms; the others were hatched. liver microsomes were prepared from the heron chicks and used for determination of cytochrome p-450-dependent activities. no erythromycin n-demethylase activ ... | 1990 | 2348479 |
| excrement from heron colonies for environmental assessment of toxic elements. | excrement cast from great blue heron nests was collected during the nesting period of 1978 from four colonies in washington and idaho. cheesecloth strips placed on the ground beneath the nests served as excrement collecting devices. chemical analysis for lead, mercury and cadmium were performed on dried samples. lead was the most abundant trace metal found in heron debris. the idaho colony at lake chatcolet had an average concentration of 46 ppm in the beneath-nest samples and 6 ppm in control s ... | 1982 | 24264121 |
| comparative foraging behaviour and efficiency of adult and juvenile great blue herons. | | 1980 | 7427811 |
| metal concentrations, foraging distances, and fledging success of great blue herons nesting along the hanford reach of the columbia river. | an ecological risk assessment of the spatial distribution of metal concentrations along the hanford reach of the free-flowing columbia river in southcentral washington, identified great blue herons, ardea herodias, at potential risk through the ingestion of contaminated riverine biota, especially fish. we measured metal concentrations in livers of pre-flight herons from the hanford reach and excrement samples taken from the same nests. nests were distributed among three colonies situated upstrea ... | 2005 | 15931979 |
| reproductive success and chlorinated hydrocarbon contamination of resident great blue herons (ardea herodias) from coastal british columbia, canada, 1977 to 2000. | over the period 1977-2000, eggs of pacific great blue heron (ardea herodias fannini) were collected from 23 colonies along the southern coast of british columbia, canada, and analyzed for persistent organochlorine (oc) pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). concentrations of oc pesticides in eggs declined sharply in the late 1970s, after which there were minimal changes. the sums of pcb congeners were not reduced appreciably during the 1980s and 1990s, but aroclor 1260 concentrations s ... | 2003 | 12521109 |
| a physiologically based oiling model (pbom) to predict thermoregulatory response in birds. | when birds are exposed to oil their ability to thermoregulate is impaired as a result of damage to the insulative properties of their feathers. if an oiled bird is unable to maintain thermal homeostasis, hypothermia and death can follow rapidly. physiological responses to oiling depend on several variables including environmental conditions (e.g., ambient air and water temperatures), life history of bird species (e.g., body size and habitat selection), and foraging strategies (e.g., divers, surf ... | 2020 | 33035367 |
| proximate and ultimate roles of food amount in regulating egret sibling aggression. | in facultatively siblicidal bird species, the amount of food delivered by parent birds to their young ("food amount") has been assumed to be both an important proximate and ultimate cause of fatal aggression. the proximate "food amount hypothesis" (fah) contends that sibling aggression will vary inversely with the quantity of food delivered by the parents, presumably mediated by chick hunger. at the ultimate level, food shortages are expected to influence whether the combined effects of aggressi ... | 1987 | 29357167 |
| top-down effects of repatriating bald eagles hinder jointly recovering competitors. | the recovery of piscivorous birds around the world is touted as one of the great conservation successes of the 21st century, but for some species, this success was short-lived. bald eagles, ospreys and great blue herons began repatriating voyageurs national park, usa, in the mid-20th century. however, after 1990, only eagles continued their recovery, while osprey and heron recovery failed for unknown reasons. we aimed to evaluate whether top-down effects of bald eagles and bottom-up effects of i ... | 2019 | 30951204 |
| use of margarine for the successful removal of polyisobutylene in an anhinga (anhinga anhinga) and great blue heron (ardea herodias). | two great blue herons (ardea herodias) and an anhinga (anhinga anhinga) were presented to the wildlife center of texas with extensive plumage soiling from polyisobutylene (pib), a synthetic rubber polymer used in manufacturing. all animals were provided supportive care and sedated for evaluation for hematologic and plasma biochemical values; one of the great blue herons was critically ill, based on the diagnostic evaluations and died approximately 24 hours after admission. on postmortem examinat ... | 2020 | 32237685 |
| ithyoclinostomum yamagutii n. sp. (digenea: clinostomidae) in the great blue heron ardea herodias l. (aves: ardeidae) from mississippi, usa. | with only six recognised genera, the family clinostomidae lühe, 1901 remains a global research interest of parasitologists and ecologists. recent efforts have focused on providing molecular data to investigate species diversity, elucidate life-cycles, and make inferences on the group's evolutionary history. of the clinostomid genera, the monotypic ithyoclinostomum witenberg, 1926 has remained more enigmatic compared to the commonly encountered clinostomum leidy, 1856. recent morphological and mo ... | 2020 | 31927705 |
| low oleic/stearic desaturation index in great blue herons (ardea herodias) with steatitis in southern california, usa. | we explored differences between the adipose tissue fatty acid profiles of great blue herons (ardea herodias) with and without steatitis. adipose tissue from birds with steatitis exhibited inflammatory cell infiltration, low abundance of oleic acid, and a lower oleic/stearic desaturation index compared with tissue from birds without steatitis. | 2019 | 30856048 |
| spatial patterns of mercury contamination and associated risk to piscivorous wading birds of the south central united states. | piscivorous birds are top predators in aquatic ecosystems and are vulnerable to mercury (hg) exposure and associated adverse health effects. in some areas of north america, the health risk posed to piscivorous birds by hg contamination has not been characterized because concentrations of hg in bird tissues have not been extensively monitored. when data on hg in tissues of piscivorous birds are not available, the concentration of hg in the blood of piscivorous birds can be estimated from the conc ... | 2019 | 30367697 |
| investigating spatial patterns of mercury and rodenticide residues in raptors collected near the charlotte, nc, usa, metropolitan area. | raptor population growth is dynamic and trends vary across species and by location in the united states. for those species that are declining, it is important to identify potential causes including chemical contaminants. sampling wild raptors is problematic due to their small population sizes and role as a top predator. therefore, we obtained liver samples (n = 56) from carcasses of several raptor species, including common species like red-tailed hawks, red-shouldered hawks, barred owls, great h ... | 2018 | 30251047 |
| modeling avian exposures to perfluoroalkyl substances in aquatic habitats impacted by historical aqueous film forming foam releases. | releases of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (pfass) associated with aqueous film forming foams (afffs) have the potential to impact on-site and downgradient aquatic habitats. dietary exposures of aquatic-dependent birds were modeled for seven pfass (pfhxa, pfoa, pfna, pfda, pfhxs, pfos, and pfds) using five different scenarios based on measurements of pfass obtained from five investigations of sites historically-impacted by afff. exposure modeling was conducted for four avian recep ... | 2018 | 29525662 |
| phylogenetic position of diplostomum spp. from new world herons based on complete mitogenomes, rdna operons, and dna barcodes, including a new species with partially elucidated life cycle. | diplostomum ardeae dubois, 1969 has seldom been reported since its description from the great blue heron (ardea herodias l., 1758) in the usa. sequences obtained in this study from the barcode region of cytochrome c oxidase 1 (co1) in diplostomids from black-crowned night heron (nycticorax nycticorax (l., 1758)) in puerto rico matched data from d. ardeae from a. herodias in the type region. we also obtained dna barcodes from morphologically similar diplostomids from a rufescent tiger heron (tigr ... | 2020 | 32472382 |
| fine scale characteristics of catfish aquaculture ponds influencing piscivorous avian species foraging use in the mississippi delta. | piscivorous avian species are the main source of catfish depredation at aquaculture facilities in mississippi, resulting in the economic loss of millions of dollars every year. most notable of these avian species are the double-crested cormorant (phalacrocorax auritus), great blue heron (ardea herodias), and great egret (a. alba). understanding why these species select specific ponds can increase management efficiency directed at avian dispersal and provide insight into their decision making wit ... | 2020 | 32101563 |