| pyrolobus fumarii, gen. and sp. nov., represents a novel group of archaea, extending the upper temperature limit for life to 113 degrees c. | a novel, irregular, coccoid-shaped archaeum was isolated from a hydrothermally heated black smoker wall at the tag site at the mid atlantic ridge (depth 3650 meters). it grew at between 90 degrees c and 113 degrees c (optimum 106 degrees c) and ph 4.0-6.5 (optimum 5.5) and 1%-4% salt (optimum 1.7%). the organism was a facultatively aerobic obligate chemolithoautotroph gaining energy by h2-oxidation. nitrate, s2o3(2-), and low concentrations of o2 (up to 0.3% v/v) served as electron acceptors, yi ... | 1997 | 9680332 |
| extremophiles and their adaptation to hot environments. | water-containing terrestrial, subterranean and submarine high temperature areas harbor a variety of hyperthermophilic bacteria and archaea which are able to grow optimally above 80 degrees c. hyperthermophiles are adapted to hot environments by their physiological and nutritional requirements. as a consequence, cell components like proteins, nucleic acids and membranes have to be stable and even function best at temperatures around 100 degrees c. the chemolithoautotrophic archaeon pyrolobus fuma ... | 1999 | 10376671 |
| posttranscriptional modification of transfer rna in the submarine hyperthermophile pyrolobus fumarii. | in the rna of hyperthermophiles, which grow optimally between 80 degrees c and 106 degrees c, posttranscriptional modification has been identified as a leading mechanism of structural stabilization. particularly in the archaeal evolutionary domain these modifications are expressed as a structurally diverse array of modification motifs, many of which include ribose methylation. using mass spectrometric techniques we have examined the posttranscriptional modifications in unfractionated trna from t ... | 2000 | 12903371 |
| the upper temperature of life--where do we draw the line? | a new archaeal isolate has been reported that is capable of growing at up to 121 degrees c. the hyperthermophile, dubbed strain 121, grows chemoautotrophically using formate as an electron donor and feiii as an electron acceptor and is closely related to members of the archaeal genera pyrodictium and pyrobaculum. although the reported maximum growth temperature of strain 121 is 8 degrees c higher than the previous record holder (pyrolobus fumarii; tmax = 113 degrees c), the two organisms have vi ... | 2004 | 15040324 |
| hyperthermophiles in the history of life. | today, hyperthermophilic ('superheat-loving') bacteria and archaea are found within high-temperature environments, representing the upper temperature border of life. they grow optimally above 80 degrees c and exhibit an upper temperature border of growth up to 113 degrees c. members of the genera, pyrodictium and pyrolobus, survive at least 1h of autoclaving. in their basically anaerobic environments, hyperthermophiles (ht) gain energy by inorganic redox reactions employing compounds like molecu ... | 2006 | 17008222 |
| di-myo-inositol phosphate and novel udp-sugars accumulate in the extreme hyperthermophile pyrolobus fumarii. | the archaeon pyrolobus fumarii, one of the most extreme members of hyperthermophiles known thus far, is able to grow at temperatures up to 113 degrees c. over a decade after the description of this organism our knowledge about the structures and strategies underlying its remarkable thermal resistance remains incipient. the accumulation of a restricted number of charged organic solutes is a common response to heat stress in hyperthermophilic organisms and accordingly their role in thermoprotectio ... | 2008 | 18286223 |
| gain and loss of an intron in a protein-coding gene in archaea: the case of an archaeal rna pseudouridine synthase gene. | we previously found the first examples of splicing of archaeal pre-mrnas for homologs of the eukaryotic cbf5 protein (also known as dyskerin in humans) in aeropyrum pernix, sulfolobus solfataricus, s. tokodaii, and s. acidocaldarirus, and also showed that crenarchaeal species in orders desulfurococcales and sulfolobales, except for hyperthermus butylicus, pyrodictium occultum, pyrolobus fumarii, and ignicoccus islandicus, contain the (putative) cbf5 intron. however, the exact timing of the intro ... | 2009 | 19671140 |
| study of the distribution of autotrophic co2 fixation cycles in crenarchaeota. | two new autotrophic carbon fixation cycles have been recently described in crenarchaeota. the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle using acetyl-coenzyme a (coa)/propionyl-coa carboxylase as the carboxylating enzyme has been identified for (micro)aerobic members of the sulfolobales. the dicarboxylate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle using oxygen-sensitive pyruvate synthase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase as carboxylating enzymes has been found in members of the anaerobic desulfurococcales and t ... | 2010 | 19850614 |
| complete genome sequence of the hyperthermophilic chemolithoautotroph pyrolobus fumarii type strain (1a). | pyrolobus fumarii blöchl et al. 1997 is the type species of the genus pyrolobus, which belongs to the crenarchaeal family pyrodictiaceae. the species is a facultatively microaerophilic non-motile crenarchaeon. it is of interest because of its isolated phylogenetic location in the tree of life and because it is a hyperthermophilic chemolithoautotroph known as the primary producer of organic matter at deep-sea hydrothermal vents. p. fumarii exhibits currently the highest optimal growth temperature ... | 2011 | 21886865 |