| antimycobacterial cycloartanes from borrichia frutescens. | in a bioassay-guided search for antimycobacterial compounds from higher plants of the southeastern united states, we have chemically investigated the sea daisy (borrichia frutescens) from coastal marshes of louisiana for their active constituents. bioactive chromatographic fractions provided two new triterpenes, (24r)-24,25-epoxycycloartan-3-one (1) and (23r)-3-oxolanosta-8,24-dien-23-ol (4), and (3 alpha h, 24r)-24,25-epoxycycloartan-3-ol (3a). compound 3a had been previously isolated as a mixt ... | 1996 | 8988597 |
| hyperspectral reflectance response of freshwater macrophytes to salinity in a brackish subtropical marsh. | coastal freshwater wetlands are threatened by increased salinity due to relative sea level rise and reduced freshwater inputs. remote radiometric measurement of freshwater marsh canopies to detect small shifts in water column salinity would be useful for assessing salinity encroachment. we measured leaf hyperspectral (300-1100 nm) reflectance of freshwater macrophytes (cattail, typha latifolia and sea oxeye, borrichia frutescens) in a field study in a subtropical brackish (2.5-4.5 parts per thou ... | 2007 | 17412913 |
| distribution, hosts, and morphological characteristics of tylenchulus palustris in florida and bermuda. | studies on the geographical distribution and hosts of tylenchulus palustris were conducted over a 3-year period in florida and bermuda. tylenchulus palustris was found on aster elliottii and liquidambar styraciflua roots in swamps of northern and central florida. it was detected also on borrichia arborescens and b. frutescens roots in tidal marshes of northern florida and coastal rocklands of southern florida and bermuda. posterior bodies of t. palustris swollen females from bermuda did not diff ... | 1990 | 19287787 |
| antimycobacterial crude plant extracts from south, central, and north america. | two-hundred and thirty crude organic extracts from 118 plant species distributed among 10 families were evaluated for anti-mycobacterial activity. activity was determined against mycobacterium tuberculosis h(37)rv and mycobacterium avium using the bactec 460 radiorespirometric assay. at 100 μg/ml, twenty-four and ten of the extracts caused more than 95% inhibition of growth of m. tuberculosis and m. avium, respectively. the most active plant species (100% inhibition) were borrichia frutescens, s ... | 1998 | 23195767 |
| genetic and epigenetic differences associated with environmental gradients in replicate populations of two salt marsh perennials. | while traits and trait plasticity are partly genetically based, investigating epigenetic mechanisms may provide more nuanced understanding of the mechanisms underlying response to environment. using aflp and methylation-sensitive aflp, we tested the hypothesis that differentiation to habitats along natural salt marsh environmental gradients occurs at epigenetic, but not genetic loci in two salt marsh perennials. we detected significant genetic and epigenetic structure among populations and among ... | 2016 | 26880043 |
| post-mortem ecosystem engineering by oysters creates habitat for a rare marsh plant. | oysters are ecosystem engineers in marine ecosystems, but the functions of oyster shell deposits in intertidal salt marshes are not well understood. the annual plant suaeda linearis is associated with oyster shell deposits in georgia salt marshes. we hypothesized that oyster shell deposits promoted the distribution of suaeda linearis by engineering soil conditions unfavorable to dominant salt marsh plants of the region (the shrub borrichia frutescens, the rush juncus roemerianus, and the grass s ... | 2012 | 22644048 |
| bottom-up and top-down effects on insect herbivores do not vary among sites of different salinity. | it has been suggested, but rarely tested, that the relative strength of top-down and bottom-up factors in communities varies along an environmental stress gradient. we compared the strength of bottom-up and top-down effects on the densities of insect herbivores along a range of sites of different salinities in west-central florida. we used a 2 x 2 factorial design with plots divided into four treatments: (1) bottom-up manipulation, where fertilizer was applied to increase plant quality; (2) top- ... | 2006 | 17089675 |
| quality or quantity: the direct and indirect effects of host plants on herbivores and their natural enemies. | resource quality (plant nitrogen) and resource quantity (plant density) have often been argued to be among the most important factors influencing herbivore densities. a difficulty inherent in the studies that manipulate resource quality, by changing nutrient levels, is that resource quantity can be influenced simultaneously, i.e. fertilized plants grow more. in this study we disentangled the potentially confounding effects of plant quality and quantity on herbivore trophic dynamics by separately ... | 2005 | 15517407 |
| genetics and morphology in a borrichia frutescens and b. arborescens (asteraceae) hybrid zone. | interspecific plant hybridization is a common and evolutionarily important phenomenon. here, the results of a study of hybridization in the florida keys between two species of sea oxeye daisy, borrichia frutescens and b. arborescens, are reported. nuclear and chloroplast genetic loci, log-likelihood assignment tests, and maximum likelihood estimates of genealogical class frequencies were used to identify hybrid and parent genotypes, to investigate the utility of leaf and flower morphology for hy ... | 2004 | 21652322 |
| the interactions of plant clone and abiotic factors on a gall-making midge. | within and around tampa bay, florida, monoclonal populations of the sea daisy, borrichia frutescens, can be found on small, isolated islands growing within the intertidal zone. stem tips of borrichia are attacked by the gall-making cecidomyiid, asphondyliaborrichiae. we used reciprocal transplants of borrichia clones between islands to assess the importance of plant genotype and local environmental conditions (shade and host-plant nitrogen) on gall abundance. in another experiment, we controlled ... | 1998 | 28308522 |
| the effect of plant- and parasitoid-induced egg mortality on the interspecific distribution of an oligophagous herbivore. | plant-mediated egg mortality varied greatly for the oligophagous leafhopper, carneocephala floridana, a common inhabitant of the salt marshes along florida's gulf coast. in the laboratory, survivorship from egg to first instar was generally greater on two herbaceous plants. borrichia frutescens and salicornia virginica (80 and 81% respectively) than it was on two grasses, distichlis spicata and spartina alterniflora (41 and 77% respectively). although c. floridana laid significantly more eggs pe ... | 1994 | 28307031 |
| seasonal patterns of co2 and water vapor exchange of three salt marsh succulents. | diurnal carbon dioxide exchange patterns of three salt marsh succulents, borrichia frutescens, batis maritima and salicornia virginica, were determined on a seasonal basis in the marsh at sapelo island, georgia. year-round photosynthetic activity was observed in these species though winter rates of co2 exchange were reduced. net primary productivity, estimated using gas exchange techniques, agreed with previously reported harvest data. the role of light and temperature in the control of seasonal ... | 1979 | 28309882 |