| the behavioral responses by larvae of the water mite unionicola foili (acari: unionicolidae) to gravity, light and host chemicals: adaptations for transmission success? | the life cycle of the water mite unionicola foili includes larvae that parasitize chironomid dipterans, and nymphs and adults that occur in association with the freshwater mussel utterbackia imbecillis. the georesponses and photoresponses of larval u. foili in the presence of chemical substances from chironomids and mussels both prior to (= pre-chironomid larvae) and after their parasitism with chironomids (= post-chironomid larvae) were examined in the laboratory. the responses of larval u. foi ... | 1999 | 11536926 |
| acquired resistance of bluegill sunfish lepomis macrochirus to glochidia larvae of the freshwater mussel utterbackia imbecillis (bivalvia: unionidae) after multiple infections. | the effects of multiple infections on the host-parasite relationship between bluegill sunfish (lepomis macrochirus) and parasitic glochidial larvae of the freshwater mussel utterbackia imbecillis were examined. naïve, young-of-the-year bluegills were infected with glochidia and placed in individual observation chambers. each day, water was drained from each chamber and the numbers of dead glochidia, live glochidia, partially metamorphosed glochidia, and fully metamorphosed juvenile mussels were ... | 2003 | 12659302 |
| random amplified polymorphic dna analysis of kinship within host-associated populations of the symbiotic water mite unionicola foili (acari: unionicolidae). | kinship relations within populations of unionicolid water mites are not well known, owing to their complex life cycles and the fact that interactions between active and resting stages for some species are transitory. a number of species of unionicolid water mites are, however, obligate symbionts of freshwater mussels and spend most of their life cycle in association with these hosts. among these species of mites, parents and offspring are more likely to co-occur and thus provide opportunities to ... | 2004 | 15597601 |
| encapsulation of attached ectoparasitic glochidia larvae of freshwater mussels by epithelial tissue on fins of naive and resistant host fish. | to metamorphose into juveniles and subsequently mature into adults, the glochidia larvae of freshwater mussels in the order unionoida must temporarily parasitize the gills, fins, or other external structures of fish. once attached to the fish, the glochidium is encapsulated by host fish epithelial tissue. the migration of epithelial cells of the bluegill sunfish lepomis macrochirus over glochidia of utterbackia imbecillis was examined by time-lapse video microscopy, and the morphology was examin ... | 2006 | 16501064 |
| antibody response of bluegill sunfish during development of acquired resistance against the larvae of the freshwater mussel utterbackia imbecillis. | the larvae of freshwater mussels in the order unionoida are obligate parasites on fishes, on which they metamorphose into juveniles. bluegill sunfish (lepomis macrochirus) acquire resistance against glochidia of the freshwater mussel utterbackia imbecillis after 2 infections. in order to study the systemic and mucosal antibody response associated with acquired resistance, sera from experimentally infected fish were collected at 10-d intervals during 4 sequential infection periods and from naïve ... | 2007 | 16872675 |
| influence of cortisol on the attachment and metamorphosis of larval utterbackia imbecillis on bluegill sunfish (lepomis macrochirus). | the larvae of unionid freshwater mussels (i.e., glochidia) undergo a parasitic stage requiring their attachment to the external epithelia of fish hosts, where they metamorphose into free-living juveniles. we describe the physiological effects in bluegill sunfish (lepomis macrochirus) of infection with glochidia from the paper pondshell (utterbackia imbecillis). glochidia accumulation on bluegill increased dramatically at concentrations of 2000 glochidia liter(-1) and above, reaching a maximum at ... | 2011 | 21551446 |
| assessing variability in chemical acute toxicity of unionid mussels: influence of intra- and interlaboratory testing, life stage, and species. | the authors developed a toxicity database for unionid mussels to examine the extent of intra- and interlaboratory variability in acute toxicity tests with mussel larvae (glochidia) and juveniles; the extent of differential sensitivity of the 2 life stages; and the variation in sensitivity among commonly tested mussels (lampsilis siliquoidea, utterbackia imbecillis, and villosa iris), commonly tested cladocerans (daphnia magna and ceriodaphnia dubia), and fish (oncorhynchus mykiss, pimephales pro ... | 2016 | 26369904 |
| acute toxicity of six freshwater mussel species (glochidia) to six chemicals: implications for daphnids and utterbackia imbecillis as surrogates for protection of freshwater mussels (unionidae). | acute (24-h) toxicity tests were used in this study to compare lethality responses in early life stages (glochidia) of six freshwater mussel species, leptodea fragilis, u. imbecillis, lampsilis cardium, lampsilis siliquoidea, megalonaias nervosa, and ligumia subrostrata, and two standard test organisms, ceriodaphnia dubia and daphnia magna. concentrations of carbaryl, copper, 4-nonylphenol, pentachlorophenol, permethrin, and 2,4-d were used in acute exposures to represent different chemical clas ... | 2005 | 15772883 |