| geographically distant isolates of the crinivirus cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus show very low genetic diversity in the coat protein gene. | the population structure and genetic variation of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) isolates were estimated by single-strand conformation polymorphism and nucleotide sequence analyses of the cysdv coat protein gene. analysis of 71 isolates collected from spain, jordan, turkey, lebanon, saudi arabia and north america showed that, from a genetic viewpoint, these isolates could be divided into two diverged subpopulations: an eastern subpopulation composed of saudi arabian isolates and ... | 2001 | 11257199 |
| quantitation of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus in bemisia tabaci (genn.) using digoxigenin-labelled hybridisation probes. | a cost-efficient hybridisation assay was developed to estimate the amount of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) in bemisia tabaci (gennadius) whiteflies infesting protected cucumber crops. cdna from the coat protein (cp) gene and the hsp70 homologue protein gene from cysdv were obtained by reverse transcriptase-pcr from viruliferous whiteflies and cloned into plasmids. digoxigenin (dig)-labelled cdna probes reacted with extracts from these whiteflies applied on nylon membranes. prec ... | 2002 | 11849688 |
| further variability within the genus crinivirus, as revealed by determination of the complete rna genome sequence of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus. | the complete nucleotide (nt) sequences of genomic rnas 1 and 2 of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) were determined for the spanish isolate cysdv-allm. rna1 is 9123 nt long and contains at least five open reading frames (orfs). computer-assisted analyses identified papain-like protease, methyltransferase, rna helicase and rna-dependent rna polymerase domains in the first two orfs of rna1. this is the first study on the sequences of rna1 from cysdv. rna2 is 7976 nt long and contains ... | 2003 | 12917477 |
| nucleotide sequence and genome organization of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus rna1. | the complete nucleotide sequence of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) rna1, a member of the crinivirus genus in the closteroviridae, was determined. cysdv rna1 is 9126 nucleotides long and contains two overlapping open reading frames (orfs) that encode the replication module, consisting of the putative papain-like cysteine proteinase, methyl transferase, helicase, and polymerase domains, a small 5 kda hydrophobic protein and two further downstream orfs potentially encoding proteins ... | 2003 | 14551825 |
| genetic diversity of a natural population of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus. | an analysis of nucleotide sequences in five coding and one non-coding genomic regions of 35 cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) isolates collected on a local scale over an 8 year period is reported here. in total, 2277 nt were sequenced for each isolate, representing about 13 % of the complete virus genome. mean nucleotide diversity for the whole population in synonymous positions in the coding regions was 0.00068, whilst in the 5' untranslated region (5' utr) of genomic rna2, it was ... | 2005 | 15722544 |
| melon resistance to cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus is characterized by reduced virus accumulation. | abstract the pattern of accumulation of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv; genus crinivirus, family closteroviridae) rna has been analyzed in several cucurbit accessions. in susceptible accessions of melon (cucumis melo), cucumber (cucumis sativus), marrow (cucurbita maxima), and squash (cucurbita pepo), cysdv rna accumulation peaked during the first to second week postinoculation in the first to third leaf above the inoculated one; younger leaves showed very low or undetectable lev ... | 2003 | 18943165 |
| molecular characterization of the cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus coat protein gene. | abstract cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) is a partially characterized bipartite closterovirus transmitted by the tobacco whitefly (bemisia tabaci). cysdv has emerged as a serious pathogen in southeastern spain and the mediterranean region, causing yellowing disease of cucumber and melon crops. using a modified reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction protocol with gel-extracted dsrna templates, fragments of cysdv rna2 were amplified and cloned. sequence analysis of the clo ... | 1999 | 18944661 |
| geographic distribution and molecular variation of isolates of three whitefly-borne closteroviruses of cucurbits: lettuce infectious yellows virus, cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus, and beet pseudo-yellows virus. | abstract the geographic incidence and molecular variation of three whitefly-borne closteroviruses (lettuce infectious yellows virus [liyv], cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus [cysdv], and beet pseudo-yellows virus [bpyv]) were studied in cucurbits collected from several distinct geographic locations. of 498 samples analyzed, none were found to be infected by liyv. sixty-nine samples collected in the middle east and mediterranean europe were found infected by cysdv, and twelve samples from c ... | 1999 | 18944685 |
| cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus p25 is a suppressor of post-transcriptional gene silencing. | post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs) degrades rna in a sequence-specific manner and is utilised by plants as a natural defence mechanism against virus invaders. two members of the genus crinivirus have been reported to encode suppressors and counter ptgs: sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus p22 and tomato chlorosis virus (tocv) p22, coat protein and coat protein minor. using an agrobacterium-mediated transient assay on nicotiana benthamiana wildtype and 16c plants, we screened four cucurbit ... | 2009 | 19540278 |
| ecology and management of whitefly-transmitted viruses of vegetable crops in florida. | a variety of fresh market vegetables, including watermelon and tomato are economically important crops in florida. whitefly-transmitted squash vein yellowing virus (sqvyv) was first identified in squash and watermelon in florida in 2005 and shown to cause a severe decline of watermelon vines as crops approach harvest. florida is most economically impacted by sqvyv, although the virus has been detected more recently in indiana and south carolina. the origin and evolutionary history of sqvyv, one ... | 2011 | 21549768 |
| yellowing disease in zucchini squash produced by mixed infections of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus and cucumber vein yellowing virus. | zucchini squash is host to cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv), a member of the genus crinivirus, and cucumber vein yellowing virus (cvyv), a member of the genus ipomovirus, both transmitted by the whitefly bemisia tabaci. field observations suggest the appearance of new symptoms observed on leaves of zucchini squash crops when both viruses were present. when infected during controlled experiments with cysdv only, zucchini plants showed no obvious symptoms and the virus titer decreas ... | 2011 | 21999160 |
| a. tumefaciens-mediated transient expression as a tool for antigen production for cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus. | the emerging importance of criniviruses, together with their limited characterisation, necessitates the development of simple tools to enable rapid detection and monitoring in case of an outbreak. while serological tools would be ideal, criniviruses are notoriously difficult to purify and traditional methods of antibody production, requiring purified virus particles, are extremely challenging. the development of a novel molecular strategy for in planta viral antigen preparation to bypass particl ... | 2010 | 19819262 |
| two crinivirus-specific proteins of lettuce infectious yellows virus (liyv), p26 and p9, are self-interacting. | interactions of lettuce infectious yellows virus (liyv)-encoded proteins were tested by yeast-two-hybrid (y2h) assays. liyv-encoded p34, hsp70h, p59, cp, cpm, and p26 were tested in all possible pairwise combinations. interaction was detected only for the p26-p26 combination. p26 self-interaction domains were mapped using a series of n- and c-terminal truncations. orthologous p26 proteins from the criniviruses beet pseudoyellows virus (bpyv), cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv), and ... | 2009 | 19665507 |
| newer insecticides for plant virus disease management. | effective management of insect and mite vectors of plant pathogens is of crucial importance to minimize vector-borne diseases in crops. pesticides play an important role in managing vector populations by reducing the number of individuals that can acquire and transmit a virus, thereby potentially lowering disease incidence. certain insecticides exhibit properties other than lethal toxicity that affect feeding behaviours or otherwise interfere with virus transmission. to evaluate the potential of ... | 2009 | 19152818 |
| development of real-time rt-pcr assays for the detection of cucumber vein yellowing virus (cvyv) and cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) in the whitefly vector bemisia tabaci. | reverse transcription followed by real-time pcr assays based on taqman chemistry have been developed for the detection and quantification of cucumber vein yellowing virus (cvyv) and cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) in individual adults of the whitefly vector bemisia tabaci. the method includes an internal control for the detection of a gene from b. tabaci to compensate for variations in extraction efficiency. the assays designed were used to estimate proportions of viruliferous wh ... | 2007 | 17624449 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the rna2 of the crinivirus tomato chlorosis virus. | the complete sequence of genomic rna2 of tomato chlorosis virus (tocv; genus crinivirus, family closteroviridae), isolate at80/99 from spain, was determined and compared with those from the other members of the genus sequenced to date. rna2 is 8244 nucleotides (nt) long and putatively encodes nine orfs that encompass the hallmark gene array of the family closteroviridae, which includes a heat shock protein 70 family homologue, a 59 kda protein, the coat protein, and a diverged coat protein. phyl ... | 2006 | 16374719 |
| identification and sequence analysis of potato yellow vein virus capsid protein minor gene. | potato yellow vein virus (pyvv) is a whitefly-transmitted (trialeurodes vaporariorum) closterovirus (wtc) with an as yet unidentified genome composition. pyvv dsrna preparations consist of three high molecular weight dsrna species (dsrnas 1, 2 and 3) 8.0, 5.5 and 4.0 kbp in size respectively, as well as two low molecular weight dsrna species of 2.0 and 1.8 kbp (denoted x and y). the pyvv capsid protein minor (cpm) gene was identified on the dsrna 3 species, and was subsequently cloned and sequen ... | 2002 | 12881642 |
| nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analysis of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus rna 2. | the complete nucleotide sequence of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) rna 2, a whitefly (bemisia tabaci)-transmitted closterovirus with a bi-partite genome, is reported. cysdv rna 2 is 7,281 nucleotides long and contains the closterovirus hallmark gene array with a similar arrangement to the prototype member of the genus crinivirus, lettuce infectious yellows virus (liyv). cysdv rna 2 contains open reading frames (orfs) potentially encoding in a 5' to 3' direction for proteins of 5 ... | 2002 | 12086142 |
| emergence and epidemiology of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus in the american desert southwest, and development of host plant resistance in melon. | cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv), emerged in the sonoran desert region of the southwestern usa in 2006 and has become well established. symptoms induced by cysdv infection include a striking interveinal chlorosis or yellowing and reduced yield and quality. the virus is transmitted by bemisia tabaci, and the cryptic species meam1 has been present in the region since the early 1990s. cysdv has now become the most economically important of the viruses affecting cucurbit production in ... | 2017 | 28595969 |
| detection and quantitation of two cucurbit criniviruses in mixed infection by real-time rt-pcr. | cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (ccyv) and cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) are whitefly-transmitted criniviruses infecting cucurbit crops inducing similar symptoms. single and multiplex rt-pcr protocols were developed and evaluated on cucurbit samples collected from commercial greenhouses. primers and probes were designed from the highly conserved heat shock protein 70 homolog (hsp70h) gene. conventional rt-pcr and multiplex rt-pcr assays showed high specificity and suitability ... | 2013 | 23810855 |
| geographic distribution and phylogenetic analysis of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus in iran. | cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) is a destructive virus of cucurbits in iran. during 2008-2012 growing seasons a total of 366 cucurbit samples including melon, cucumber, snakemelon and squash with typical symptoms of cysdv infection were collected from ten provinces in iran. they were screened by elisa and the infectivity of elisa-positive samples was confirmed by rt-pcr. the results showed that 309 out of 366 samples were infected by cysdv. the virus was present in many areas of ... | 2013 | 24294954 |
| whitefly-transmitted criniviruses of cucurbits: current status and future prospects. | in the past decade, crinviruses have gained interest due to their rapid widespread and destructive nature for cucurbit cultivation. several members of the genus crinivirus are considered emerging viruses. currently, four criniviruses: beet pseudo-yellows virus, cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus, cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus and lettuce infectious yellows virus have been reported to infect field- or greenhouse- grown cucurbits. apart from their cucurbit hosts, criniviruses infect other ... | 2014 | 24426308 |
| assessing transmission of crop diseases by insect vectors in a landscape context. | theory indicates that landscape composition affects transmission of vector-borne crop diseases, but few empirical studies have investigated how landscape composition affects plant disease epidemiology. since 2006, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) has vectored the cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) to cantaloupe and honeydew melons (cucumis melo l.) in the southwestern united states and northern mexico, causing significant reductions in yield of fall melons and increased use of insecticide ... | 2014 | 24665679 |
| in vitro synthesized rna generated from cdna clones of both genomic components of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus replicates in cucumber protoplasts. | cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv), a bipartite whitefly-transmitted virus, constitutes a major threat to commercial cucurbit production worldwide. here, construction of full-length cysdv rna1 and rna2 cdna clones allowed the in vitro synthesis of rna transcripts able to replicate in cucumber protoplasts. cysdv rna1 proved competent for replication; transcription of both polarities of the genomic rna was detectable 24 h post inoculation. hybridization of total rna extracted from tra ... | 2016 | 27314380 |
| effects of foliar and systemic insecticides on whitefly transmission and incidence of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus. | cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) is a cosmopolitan viral disease transmitted by bemisia tabaci that infects cucurbit crops. cantaloupe production in the southwestern usa has been confronted by epidemics of cysdv since 2006 when it was first identified in arizona and california. as a phloem-limited virus that is vectored in a semi-persistent manner by b. tabaci, cysdv has transmission characteristics that may be suppressed by select insecticide applications. | 2016 | 27862891 |
| field evaluation of cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus transmission by bemisia tabaci. | cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv) is a whitefly-transmitted crinivirus (closteroviridae) that impacts melon production in many parts of the world including the usa. it has been responsible for melon crop loss in the southwestern u.s. since 2006 when it was first identified. control strategies have revolved mainly around chemical control, but research to identify suitable products and approaches to implementing them has lagged. the current study investigated the performance of four ... | 2017 | 28342998 |
| distribution of four viruses in single and mixed infections within infected watermelon plants in florida. | whitefly-transmitted squash vein yellowing virus (sqvyv) and cucurbit leaf crumple virus (culcrv) and aphid-transmitted papaya ringspot virus type w (prsv-w) have had serious impact on watermelon production in southwest and west-central florida in the past 5 years. tissue-blot nucleic acid hybridization assays were developed for simple, high-throughput detection of these three viruses as well as cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (cysdv), which was first reported in florida in 2008. to dete ... | 2010 | 20649418 |
| host range and complete genome sequence of cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus, a new member of the genus crinivirus. | cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (ccyv) causes chlorotic yellows on cucumber (cucumis sativus) and melon (cucumis melo) and is transmitted by bemisia tabaci biotype b and q whiteflies. to characterize the host range of ccyv, 21 cucurbitaceous and 12 other plant species were inoculated using whitefly vectors. all tested cucumis spp. except cucumis anguria and cucumis zeyheri were systemically infected with ccyv, although infection rates varied among species. citrullus lanatus, cucurbita pepo, and ... | 2010 | 20465411 |