| the specific methods of control and eradication of schistosomiasis in israel. | a review of the epidemiological status of urinary schistosomiasis and intestinal schistosomiasis in israel is made. the ecology, bionomy and geographical distribution of the snail vectors were studied and research on their vectorial capacity to the imported schistosoma strains was undertaken. biomphalaria alexandrina, the snail vector of s. mansomi, was eradicated through ecological factors (salinity and pollution by sewage) and human activities. the elimination of snail vectors by applications ... | 1979 | 388774 |
| prevalence of schistosomiasis among fishermen of lake maryut. | a survey was carried out to investigate the presence of bilharziasis among the fishermen of the lake maryut. schistosoma mansoni is more prevalent, than s. haematobium among fishermen of lake maryut. biomphalaria alexandrina, snails were prevalent around the lake specially in places of low salinity, where fresh water discharges exist. bulinus truncatus snails were not found during the time of the present survey and more frequent surveys are needed. there is an inverse relation between the number ... | 1978 | 555758 |
| total proteins & free amino acids in the hemolymph of snails biomphalaria alexandrina & helisoma duryi exposed to schistosoma mansoni miracidia. | | 1978 | 680845 |
| selection of susceptible lines of biomphalaria alexandrina and bulinus truncatus snails to s.mansoni and s.haematobium infection. | selection of progenies from infected b.alexandrina and b.truncatus snails resulted in higher infection rates. this observation was consistent when the source of micardia were from either infected human or hamsters. infection rate of b.alexandrina increased up to 88.2% while b.truncatus did not. compatibility between the parasites and their intermediate hosts were also studied. | 1991 | 1791409 |
| the molluscicidal properties of ambrosia maritima l. (compositae). 4. temporal and spatial distribution of biomphalaria alexandrina in egyptian village irrigation systems with reference to schistosomiasis transmission control. | data on the temporal and spatial distribution of biomphalaria alexandrina were collected throughout one year in two village irrigation systems near alexandria, egypt. snails bearing schistosoma mansoni cercariae were found from may to december but about 80% of annual transmission potential was confined from june to august. although snail infection rates were generally 0-2%, higher rates were recorded and tended to be associated with smaller number snail collections. infected snails were found in ... | 1989 | 2505371 |
| effect of some factors upon the susceptibility of biomphalaria alexandrina to infection with schistosoma mansoni. | | 1985 | 3932525 |
| phosphoglucoseisomerases in the sporocyst of the trematode schistosoma mansoni and its intermediate host biomphalaria alexandrina (pulmonata). | | 1974 | 4133208 |
| antagonism of echinostoma revolutum against schistosoma mansoni in the snail biomphalaria alexandrina. | | 1974 | 4412039 |
| helobdella punctato-lineata as a potential predator of biomphalaria alexandrina snail populations under laboratory conditions. | | 1972 | 4643873 |
| susceptibility of biomphalaria alexandrina to infection with schistosoma mansoni in egypt. | | 1973 | 4692876 |
| immunodiffusion studies on schistosoma mansoni and its intermediate host stage specific antigens. 3. immunoelectrophoresis cross-reactions between s. mansoni stages and biomphalaria sp. hepato-pancreas antigens. | immunoelectrophoresis was applied for cross-wise checking of the different stages in the life cycle of schistosoma mansoni with extracts of hepato-pancreas from its intermediate host snails biomphalaria glabrata and biomphalaria alexandrina. only few fractions were common to non infected snail organ and parasite development stage, while more crossreactions were detected with infected snail hepato - pancreas. | 1978 | 77220 |
| immunodiffusion studies on schistosoma mansoni and its host stage specific antigens. 2. immunoelectrophoresis cross-reactions between hepato-pancreas of biomphalaria glabrata and biomphalaria alexandrina. | immunoelectrophoresis was used for studies on immunological cross-reactions between both schistosoma mansoni (s. m.) intermediate host snails biomphalaria glabrata and biomphalaria alexandrina. the preparation of antigens and their corresponding antisera from hepato-pancreas of s. m. infected and non infected snails was described as the homologous reactions of both snails either infected or non infected were rather similar, close immunological relationship between b. glabrata and b. alexandrina ... | 1978 | 77219 |
| susceptibility of the small biomphalaria alexandrina alexandrina from the uar and the sudan to infection with a strain of schistosoma mansoni from tanzania. | a series of laboratory experiments was carried out to determine the susceptibility of biomphalaria alexandrina alexandrina, the snail vector of schistosomiasis in the united arab republic and the sudan, to a strain of schistosoma mansoni from mwanza, tanzania. the objective of the investigation was to determine whether or not b. alexandrina is refractory or partially refractory to infection with strains of s. mansoni other than the egyptian strain.in one series of 5 exposures, snails from a colo ... | 1970 | 5314014 |
| immunodiffusion studies on schistosoma mansoni and its host stage specific antigens. 1. immunoelectrophoresis cross-reactions between s. mansoni adults and larval stages antigens. | immunoelectrophoresis was applied to evaluate the immunologic relationship between the different stages in the life cycle of schistosoma mansoni (s.m.). the preparation of antigens and antisera was described. separated female and male adult worms tested seem to be identical. eggs, miracidia and cercariae from biomphalaria glabrata and biomphalaria alexandrina showed varying degree of cross-reactions. the maximal number of pricipitin arcs was observed, when anti-miracidia-serum was checked agains ... | 1978 | 77218 |
| larval trematode stages in bulinus truncatus and biomphalaria alexandrina snails. | | 1976 | 1025238 |
| cercarial production from biomphalaria alexandrina infected with schistosoma mansoni. | the present paper deals with longitudinal and cross-sectional methods of counting cercariae shed from biomphalaria alexandrina in egypt, both experimentally and naturally infected with schistosomes. by the longitudinal method, the daily output of cercariae was counted from the first shedding from experimentally infected snails and from the day of collection from naturally infected ones. the results show that the size of the snails at the time of shedding exerts a very large effect on the output ... | 1970 | 5310951 |
| semi-field studies on the bionomics of biomphalaria alexandrina in egypt. | | 1984 | 6512295 |
| distinguishing helisoma (seminolina) duryi from biomphalaria alexandrina in egypt. | | 1983 | 6663109 |
| ecological studies on bulinus truncatus and biomphalaria alexandrina in zagazig, egypt. | | 1984 | 6736706 |
| effect of prolonged exposure of biomphalaria alexandrina to low concentrations of some molluscicides. i. effects on longevity, growth rate, fecundity and susceptibility to schistosome infection. | | 1981 | 7299171 |
| results of exposure of batches from highly susceptible and less-susceptible strains of biomphalaria alexandrina alexandrina from egypt to strains of schistosoma mansoni from cairo and alexandria. | | 1968 | 5306108 |
| field tests on two new molluscicides (molucid and wl 8008) in the egypt-49 project area. | in a continuing search for more effective molluscicides, tests were carried out in the egypt-49 area on molucid and wl 8008. molucid, a 35% w/v solution of isobutyltriphenyl-methylamine (ici 24223), was applied at 2 ppm for 6 hours; after the treatment, no live bulinus truncatus, biomphalaria alexandrina or lymnaea caillaudi were observed for at least three months and snail densities remained low for at least seven months. egg-masses were not affected by the treatment, however. wl 8008, n-trityl ... | 1966 | 5298040 |
| worm development in hamsters infected with unisex and cross-mated schistosoma mansoni and schistosoma haematobium. | schistosoma mansoni and schistosoma haematobium coexist in egypt and in other areas in africa, and people frequently are infected with parasites of both species. the effects of the interactions between worms of both sexes of the 2 species on development and egg laying were evaluated in vivo by infecting hamsters with cercariae from biomphalaria alexandrina and bulinus truncatus snails infected with single miracidia. in hamsters with unisex infections, male worms of both species were small. schis ... | 1995 | 7876983 |
| the ecology of bulinus truncatus and biomphalaria alexandrina and its implications for the control of bilharziasis in the egypt-49 project area. | the respective vectors of the two forms of bilharziasis in egypt do not have the same ecological distribution. bulinus truncatus is most abundant in large canals, and decreases in density as the water approaches and flows into drains. biomphalaria alexandrina is most abundant in drains, and decreases in density upstream from these habitats. both species are most abundant in the presence of aquatic vegetation, but they differ in their respective associations with the water hyacinth, eichhornia cr ... | 1966 | 5297630 |
| foci of schistosoma mansoni in assiut province in middle egypt. | following detection of schistosoma mansoni in a 12 years old boy who had both schistosomal polyposis and periportal fibrosis with hepatosplenomegaly, epidemiological studies to confirm local transmission were performed in his and 30 other villages in assiut governorate, egypt. the index case's brother and 6 of 380 inhabitants of his village who provided stool specimens were infected with s. mansoni and a farmer with dysentery and hepatosplenomegaly had a positive rectal snip biopsy. all had hepa ... | 1993 | 8249064 |
| is schistosoma mansoni replacing schistosoma haematobium in the fayoum? | schistosoma mansoni is progressively replacing s. haematobium along the nile river in egypt. this change has occurred in the past 15-20 years following construction of the aswan high dam in the 1960s. the cause is a shift in relative abundance of the snail vectors biomphalaria alexandrina and bulinus truncatus. biomphalaria is increasing while the latter has disappeared from a village in the fayoum where formerly only schistosomiasis haematobia was endemic. a cross-sectional household survey in ... | 1993 | 8279637 |
| control of snail hosts of bilharziasis in egypt. i. effect of triphenyltin hydroxide (du-ter) on aerobic oxidation of the snails biomphalaria alexandrina and bulinus truncatus. | | 1974 | 4471061 |
| some helminths of bulinus truncatus and biomphalaria alexandrina from the irrigation system near cairo. | | 1974 | 4415826 |
| laboratory studies on the direct effect of temperature on bulinus truncatus and biomphalaria alexandrina, the snail intermediate hosts of schistosomes in egypt. | | 1974 | 4414053 |
| the effect of helisoma duryi on the cercarial production of schistosoma mansoni-infected biomphalaria alexandrina: evaluation of chemical interferences and direct competition. | the effect of helisoma duryi or uninfected biomphalaria alexandrina conditioning of water, as well as the effect of direct competition with these, on the total cercarial production, growth and survival of schistosoma mansoni-infected b. alexandrina was investigated. the total cercarial production varied considerably between experimental groups. no differences were found between groups maintained in water-conditioned by h. duryi or by uninfected b. alexandrina with regard to the total cercarial p ... | 1985 | 3984453 |
| intermediate host (biomphalaria alexandrina) antigens partly protect against subcutaneous infections with cercariae of schistosoma mansoni but are ineffective in infections by percutaneous invasion. | mice were immunized against hepatopancreas homogenate of biomphalaria alexandrina, using al(oh)3 as adjuvant, and challenged by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of schistosoma mansoni cercariae, percutaneous invasion of cercariae and intravenous (i.v.) injection of mechanically prepared schistosomula of different ages. significantly reduced (about 50%) numbers of adult s. mansoni were found 42 days after challenge in immunized animals infected by s.c. injection of cercariae. protective effects were ... | 1987 | 3122204 |
| effect of schistosoma mansoni infection, starvation and molluscicides on acid phosphate, transaminases and total protein in tissues and hemolymph of biomphalaria alexandrina. | the activities of got and gpt in the hemolymph of b. alexandrina were significantly decreased by s. mansoni infection. however, the total protein concentration and acp activity were increased. although the snail starvation decreased acp activity in the ovotestis, it increased got activity in the other organs of the snails. on the other hand, the snail feeding after starvation increased significantly acp activity in ovotestis. natural and synthetic molluscicides inhibited the activities of got an ... | 1989 | 2708850 |
| purification and characterization of sm 37: a fucosyllactose determinant-bearing glycoprotein probed by a biomphalaria alexandrina lectin on adult male schistosomes. | utilizing a biomphalaria alexandrina-derived lectin (basii) of proven specificity to a schistosoma mansoni-associated fucosyllactose [(fuc alpha 1-2)gal beta 1-4 glc] determinant, a 37-kda determinant-bearing glycoprotein (sm 37) was identified selectively on adult male schistosomes. sm 37 was purified to homogeneity from extracts of adult male worms metabolically radiolabeled with [35s] methionine by basii affinity chromatography followed by separation on an hplc column. treatments with endogly ... | 1996 | 8691365 |
| antifungal and molluscicidal saponins from serjania salzmanniana. | an investigation of serjania salzmanniana for biologically active substances has led to the isolation of two novel saponins, salzmannianoside a (3-o-[[beta-d- glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-[alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-l- arabinopyranosyl] gypsogenin) [3] and salzmannianoside b (3-o-[[beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-[alpha-l- arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)] -alpha-l-arabinopyranosyl] hederagenin) (4). two known saponins, pulsatilla saponin d (3-o-[[beta-d- glucopyran ... | 1996 | 8699187 |
| studies on fresh water snails, specific intermediate hosts for schistosomiasis 1--isolation of total lipids from native and irradiated snails. | total lipids were isolated from native and irradiated biomphalaria alexandrina snails, specific intermediate hosts for schistosoma mansoni. | 1989 | 2514998 |
| selected enzymatic activities in fresh water snails, specific intermediate host for human schistosomiasis. | the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (ast) (ec.2.6.1.1.) i, alanine aminotransferase (alt) (ec.2.6.1.2) ii and lactate dehydrogenase (ld) (ec.1.1.1.27) iii have been measured in tissue homogenate and in haemolymph of biomphalaria alexandrina snails, the specific intermediate host for the human parasitic disease schistosomiasis due to schistosoma mansoni. | 1989 | 2499422 |
| kinetic properties of two transaminases and lactate dehydrogenase of biomphalaria alexandrina snails, intermediate hosts of schistosoma mansoni. | aspartate (ast) and alanine (alt) aminotransferase together with lactate dehydrogenase (ld) from the tissue homogenate of the biomphalaria alexandrina snails, were partially characterized by measuring the michaelis constant (km) and the maximum velocity (vmax). the isoenzymatic pattern of lactate dehydrogenase was investigated through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | 1990 | 2279260 |
| measurement of some selected enzymatic activities in infected biomphalaria alexandrina snails. | the activities of aspartate (ast) and alanine (alt) aminotransferases and that of lactate dehydrogenase (ld) were measured in the homogenate of infected biomphalaria alexandrina snails, the specific intermediate hosts for the parasite schistosoma mansoni which is the cause of the disease schistosomiasis. the isoenzymatic pattern of ld was also studied in the infected snails tissue. | 1990 | 2083418 |
| effect of x-ray on the snails of schistosomiasis in egypt. | biomphalaria alexandrina and bulinus truncatus snails were exposed to sublethal doses 0.2, 3, 5, 10 and 20 rad of x-ray. the survival and reproductive rates of these snails were highly affected by these doses. the maximum survival periods of laboratory populations of biomphalaria snails were less than those of field ones which means a high sensitivity of laboratory snails to x-ray. the reproductive capacity of irradiated biomphalaria and bulinus snails was highly suppressed and this will interru ... | 1996 | 8754647 |
| inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme associated with anaerobic respiration in schistosomiasis intermediate host snails. | lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme (ld5) which is associated with anaerobic respiration was inhibited to a certain degree in biomphalaria alexandrina snails, the intermediate host for schistosoma mansoni. urea and thiourea were used as inhibitors. the effect of ld5 inhibition on the mortality rate of infected biomphalaria alexandrina snails and on the susceptibility of the snails to the trematode infection was also studied. | 1991 | 1905584 |
| activity of some hydrolytic enzymes in tissue homogenates and haemolymph of fresh water snails, intermediate hosts in schistosomiasis. | the activities of 5-nucleotidase (ec.3.1.3.5), alkaline phosphatase (ec.3.1.3.1), glucose-6-phosphatase (ec.3.1.3.9), and ribonuclease (ec.3.1.13) had been measured in tissue homogenate and in haemolymph of biomphalaria alexandrina, the specific intermediate host for the parasitic disease schistosomiasis, induced by the parasite schistosoma mansoni. | 1991 | 1657390 |
| effect of the organophosphorous insecticide, chlorpyrifos (dursban), on growth, fecundity and mortality of biomphalaria alexandrina and on the production of schistosoma mansoni cercariae in the snail. | exposure of biomphalaria alexandrina to sublethal concentrations (0.125, 0.25 and 0.05 ppm) of the organophosphorous insecticide, chlorpyrifos (dursban), induced a reduction in egg production and egg hatchability. exposure of schistosoma mansoni miracidia to the insecticide (60 min, 0.50 ppm) prior to infection of b. alexandrina did not affect the subsequent production of cercariae. however, exposure of s. mansoni-infected snails to the insecticide until day 55, from day 20 to day 62 and from da ... | 1992 | 1379273 |
| studies on carbohydrates extracted from native and chemically treated biomphalaria alexandrina snails. | 1. carbohydrates were extracted from total tissue extracts of biomphalaria alexandrina snails and were analyzed to their monosaccharides using glc. 2. the snails were chemically treated with thioxanthone derivatives (compounds i, ii, iii) and the change in the monosaccharide constituents of their carbohydrates was investigated. 3. the isolated monosaccharides from native and chemically pretreated snails were injected into mice and their protective effects were examined after infection of mice wi ... | 1992 | 1360350 |
| the suitability of several aquatic snails as intermediate hosts for angiostrongylus cantonensis. | sixteen species of aquatic snails of four families were tested by quantitative technique under standardized conditions for their suitability as intermediate hosts for angiostrongylus cantonensis. these species were the planorbid snails biomphalaria glabrata, biomphalaria alexandrina, planorbis planorbis, planorbis intermixtus, bulinus truncatus, bulinus contortus, bulinus africanus, bulinus tropicus and helisoma sp.; the lymnaeid snails lymnaea natalensis, lymnaea tomentosa, lymnaea stagnalis, a ... | 1975 | 1189583 |
| carbohydrate metabolism in uninfected and trematode-infected snails biomphalaria alexandrina and bulinus truncatus. | | 1975 | 1157458 |
| the egg mass and growth rate of biomphalaria alexandrina under laboratory conditions. | | 1984 | 6512287 |
| the molluscicidal properties of some bayluscide homologues. | the molluscicidal properties of 5-nitro- and 3-nitro2',4'-dichloro salicylanilides and their mixture 5.5 : 1 were investigated against the intermediate hosts of schistosomes bulinus truncatus and biomphalaria alexandrina. unlike bayluscide, the activity of the new mulluscicides is not affected by strong sun radiation or by acidic ph. their activity is resistant to storage, river-bed mud and lower temperature. | 1977 | 881142 |
| susceptibility of biomphalaria alexandrina to the plant azolla pinnata and some herbicides in relation to infection with schistosoma mansoni miracidia. | molluscicidal activity of the herebicides 2,4-d and graminol, as well as both extracts and dry powder of the plant azolla pinnata were evaluated against b. alexandrina snails. it was observed that 2,4-d proved to be the most toxic compound among he tested ones, showing lc90 of 52 ppm after 24 h of exposure. ethanol extract of azolla showed the highest molluscicidal activity against the tested snails compared with the other extracts and dry powder (lc90 = 3300 ppm). ethanol extract at 6600 ppm af ... | 1998 | 9617046 |
| studies on the molluscicidal action of some isatin derivatives against biomphalaria alexandrina in egypt. | some compounds selected from the isatin derivatives and their metalleted products were used to study their molluscicidal effect on biomphalaria alexandrina. the results indicated that some of these compounds showed good results and seem to be promising molluscicides. | 1998 | 9707676 |
| cercarial transmission seasons of schistosoma mansoni in the nile delta area. | the cercarial transmission seasons of schistosoma mansoni in the nile delta area were determined by 3 methods: (1) monthly cercarial infection rates in biomphalaria alexandrina, (2) monthly numbers of infected snails collected by means of a uniform sampling method, and (3) monthly cercarial output and monthly numbers of infected snails collected by means of a uniform sampling method. it was found that the third method is more logical and defines more precisely the transmission seasons of s. mans ... | 1970 | 5310952 |
| the ability of bulinus truncatus, biomphalaria alexandrina and lymnaea gedrosiana to survive out of water in the laboratory. | | 1967 | 6051532 |
| the molluscicidal properties of ambrosia maritima l. (compositae). 2. results from a field trial using dry plant material. | a field trial in egypt of the plant molluscicide, ambrosia maritima is described. applications of 140, 70 and 35 mg/l-1 dry, whole plant were made to irrigation canals and drains in june. the treatment effect took between 1 and 5 weeks to become fully established. the reduction in the numbers of alive biomphalaria alexandrina snails was generally more than 90% and was virtually the same at all treatment levels and in both types of watercourse. the snail population remained at a low level for at ... | 1984 | 6464183 |
| schistosomiasis in newly reclaimed areas in egypt. 1-distribution and population seasonal fluctuation of intermediate host snails. | two newly reclaimed areas located west & east of suez canal, namely el manayef area and el morra area, were studied for patterns of distribution and population seasonal fluctuation of biomphalaria alexandrina and bulinus truncatus, the intermediate host snails of schistosoma mansoni and s. haematobium, respectively. in this study geographic information system (gis) techniques were utilized for producing maps and analyzing the results. habitats of the two vector snail species were categorized int ... | 1998 | 9914712 |
| biomphalaria alexandrina naturally infected with fasciola gigantica in egypt. | | 1995 | 7747303 |
| characterization of biomphalaria alexandrina-derived lectins recognizing a fucosyllactose-related determinant on schistosomes. | two novel lectins that bind selectively to a schistosome-associated fucosyllactose-related determinant have been characterized and purified from the hemolymph of biomphalaria alexandrina, the snail vector of schistosoma mansoni. both lectins were purified by affinity chromatography on a column of equimolar mixture of d- and l-glucose coupled to epoxy-activated sepharose 6b and sequential elution by d-glucose (designated basi) and l-fucose (designated basii). assessment of the structural characte ... | 1995 | 7770082 |
| laboratory study on the molluscicidal effect of earth tec: an environmentally responsible copper sulfate product. | studies were carried out, under laboratory conditions to evaluate the molluscicidal activity of earth tec on biomphalaria alexandrina snails, the intermediate host of schistosoma mansoni. earth tec is an environmentally responsible copper sulfate product manufactured and marketed as an algicide/bactericide with an active ingredient form of copper ion (cu++). a single application, of 1 ppm of copper equivalent, for 24 hours caused 100% mortality rate of the snails. exposure for 48 hours to 1 ppm ... | 1994 | 8077750 |
| identification and localization of a schistosome-associated fucosyllactose determinant expressed by fasciola hepatica. | a biomphalaria alexandrina-derived lectin (basii), of proven specificity to a schistosoma mansoni-associated fucosyllactose [(fuc alpha1-2) gal beta1-4 glc] determinant, was employed to investigate the putative antigenic cross-reactivity between schistosoma mansoni and fasciola hepatica in terms of this structurally-defined oligosaccharide sequence. basii affinity column chromatography of extracts of adult worms metabolically radiolabelled with 35s-methionine and analysis by two-dimensional gels ... | 2000 | 10670699 |
| population dynamics and schistosomal infection of biomphalaria alexandrina in four irrigation canals in egypt. | the natural growth, reproductivity, mortality and schistosomal infection of biomphalaria alexandrina, the snail vector of schistosoma mansoni in egypt, were studied for one year in four irrigation canals, namely el-khassa and radwan (giza governorate) and sendebis and sanafeer (qalyoubiya governorate). radwan canal contains a considerably dense biomphalaria population and three generations of snails (parents generation and autumn and spring generations) were recognized. two phases of growth were ... | 1993 | 8308336 |
| schistosoma cercariae in biomphalaria alexandrina in atania, al minia governorate. | | 1993 | 8376879 |
| susceptibility of biomphalaria alexandrina to infection with schistosoma mansoni: correlation with the activity of certain glycolytic enzymes. | the importance of the glycolytic flux for the success of biomphalaria-schistosome sporocyst interaction was acertained in this study. hexokinase (hk), pyruvate kinase(pk), glucose phosphate isomerase(gpi) and lactate dehydrogenase (ld) as four important glycolytic enzymes were markedly stimulated in trematode infected biomphalaria alexandrina when measured two weeks post exposure to infection with schistosoma mansoni miracidia. on the other hand phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase (pepck), glucos ... | 2000 | 10946515 |
| helisoma duryi: its present range of distribution and implications with schistosomiasis snails in egypt. | the range of distribution of helisoma duryi, a potential competitor to schistosomiasis snail vectors in egypt, was determined in the south of nile delta. results show that h. duryi was found in the river nile, geziret el kerateyeen banks, damietta and rosetta branches, tawfiky and menoufy canals and their branches and bassoussiya, bahadiya and sheshaa canals and their branches. helisoma was found in all categories of canals and drains co-existing in various degrees with other snail species inclu ... | 1993 | 8482866 |
| ecology of biomphalaria alexandrina the snail vector of schistosoma mansoni in egypt. | the patterns of spreading and seasonal variation of population density of biomphalaria alexandrina, the snail vector of schistosoma mansoni in egypt, in correlation with some environmental parameters were studied for 1988-1990 in four irrigation canals in giza and qalyoubiya governorates. results shown that the spreading patterns of snails along canals are changeable because of water current and irrigation activities. the snail population density showed two peaks, different in height, in april-m ... | 1993 | 8482878 |
| evidence for a family of schistosome glycan-binding lectins in biomphalaria alexandrina. | a novel family of isolectins that selectively recognize a schistosome-associated fucosyllactose determinant was identified in the hemolymph of biomphalaria alexandrina, a snail vector of schistosoma mansoni. three lectins of this family were purified by serial affinity chromatography on a column of l-fucose and elution with a gradient of 0.1-1 m l-fucose (designated basii and basiii), followed by a column of d-glucose and elution with 0.3 m d-glucose (designated basi). assessment of the structur ... | 1995 | 8654664 |
| prevalence of schistosomiasis and dynamics of its distribution in some villages in qalyoubia governorate. | a total of 1535 persons of different age, sex and occupation from 5 villages (tanan, el-sad, sandiun, kalama and taha-nob) in qalyoubia governorate in nile delta were subjected to clinical, stool, urine and intradermal tests accompanied by a questionnaire for 500 of them. snail vectors of schistosome parasites were collected from 2 villages (el-sad and taha-nob) and snail densities in the waterways as well as the prevalence rate of infection with schistosomal cercariae were recorded. the results ... | 1996 | 8721234 |
| biomphalaria glabrata: a new threat for schistosomiasis transmission in egypt. | this is the first report on the infestation of irrigation and drainage systems at giza, qalyoubiya and kafr el shiekh governorates, with biomphalaria glabrata (the snail host of schistosoma mansoni in the new world). identification of this snail species was based on morphometry of the shell, shape of the radular lateral teeth and presence of the characteristic renal ridge. b. glabrata snails collected from natural water courses in egypt proved to be susceptible to a local strain of s. mansoni. t ... | 1996 | 8721240 |
| differences in susceptibility of biomphalaria alexandrina to schistosoma mansoni from gize and dakahlia governorates, egypt. | biomphalaria alexandrina snails were collected from irrigation canals at gize and dakahlia governorates. they were exposed to strains of schistosoma mansoni from these localities. the snails showed different rates of susceptibility to the parasite. there was a high range of snail sensitivity to s. mansoni infection (53.9%-60.7%) when snail populations and parasite strains were from the same governorate. supporting this was the high cercarial production from infected snails of these cases (288.2 ... | 1996 | 8754642 |
| characterization of fucosyllactose determinant-bearing glycoproteins probed by a biomphalaria alexandrina lectin in schistosoma mansoni cercariae. | utilizing a biomphalaria alexandrina-derived lectin (basii) of proven specificity to a schistosoma mansoni-associated fucosyllactose [(fuc alpha 1-2) gal beta 1-4 glc] determinant, two determinant-bearing glycoproteins of 40 and 37 kda were found to be synthesized by the cercarial stage of the parasite. the two glycoproteins were isolated by basii affinity column chromatography from extracts of cercariae metabolically radiolabelled with 35s-methionine. treatments with endoglycosidases, alkaline ... | 1996 | 8799614 |
| potential effect of allium cepa and allium sativum on haemolymph of biomphalaria alexandrina, the intermediate host of schistosoma mansoni. | biomphalaria alexandrina were fed on either allium cepa or a. sativum to study their effects on some biochemical parameters such as total proteins, free amino acids and liver enzymes (alt, alp and ast) on egg laying activity of the snails. the results revealed that alp was highly significantly reduced in haemolymph of snails that fed on either allium cepa or a. sativum. also, alt and ast were highly significantly reduced in haemolymph of snails that were fed on a. cepa while those fed on a. sati ... | 2001 | 11775098 |
| schistosoma mansoni miracidial host-finding: species specificity of an egyptian strain. | the effect of snail-conditioned water (scw) from biomphalaria alexandrina, a pigmented and an albino strain of b. glabrata, and lymnaea stagnalis on the host-finding behavior of miracidia of two brazilian and one egyptian strain of schistosoma mansoni was studied. miracidia of the egyptian strain significantly preferred their suitable host b. alexandrina versus the other snail species with their behavior patterns of host location and their responses after contact with the host. however, miracidi ... | 1996 | 8825437 |
| the interactive effect of some molluscicides on the inermediate host of human bilharziasis and their associated zoosporic fungi in the river nile, egypt. | biomphalaria alexandrina and bulinus truncatus are the main vectors of human bilharziasis in egypt. the mycotic inhabitants of both control and treated snails were surveyed at 7 and 15 days intervals. the two molluscicides affected more on the mortality of biomphalaria alexandrina than bulinus truncatus. the highest population of zoosporic fungi was collected from biomphalaria alexandrina, the lowest from bulinus truncatus. copper sulphate was more effective than bayluscide on the fungal species ... | 1996 | 8955964 |
| some aspects of nitrogen metabolism in biomphalaria alexandrina snails treated with selenium. | the toxicity of selenium on biomphalaria alexandrina snails, intermediate host for schistosoma mansoni, was traced by studying its effect on the protein profile, free amino acids (faa) and some urea cycle enzymes, namely, ornithine aminotransferase, argininosuccinate synthetase and arginase in hepatopancreas of snails. the results revealed that treatment with 15 ppm selenium dioxide (seo2) caused an elevation in the protein content and a variation in the percentage and number of the different po ... | 1999 | 10605503 |
| schistosomiasis in newly reclaimed areas in egypt. 2--patterns of transmission. | the distribution, abundance and seasonality of infected biomphalaria alexandrina and bulinus truncatus were studied for 2 years (1992-1994) in two newly reclaimed areas, namely el manayef and el-morra areas located on both sides of suez canal near ismailia city. the results confirm the occurrence of transmission of both schistosoma mansoni and s. haematobium since infected snails of both species were recovered in these areas. this consequently proves that reclamation of parts of the desert utili ... | 1999 | 10605512 |
| sds-page-separated tissue proteins of biomphalaria alexandrina snails in the presence and absence of schistosoma mansoni. | sds-page was used to separate tissue proteins of control and trematode-infected biomphalaria alexandrina snails. the separated profiles demonstrate the occasional appearance of protein fractions and the remarkable increase of concentration of certain molecular masses in infected snails at one week interval over four weeks post exposure to schistosoma mansoni. proteins of molecular masses of 44, 56, 65 and 144 kda were among these occasionally appeared protein masses. post exposure to s. mansoni ... | 2000 | 10786025 |
| synthesis of new uracil-5-sulphonamide-p-phenyl derivatives and their effect on biomphalaria alexandrina snail's nucleoproteins. | in continuation of the previous work (fathalla, 1992) on the synthesis of some heterocycles containing uracil moiety, we report herein the incorporation of uracil moiety into cyanopyridine thione, thiosemecarbazone, semicarbazone, cyanopyridine, aminocyano pyridine, isoxazoline, pyrazoline, pyrimidine, triazolo pyrimidine, pyran, selena and thiazole derivatives which might modify their biological activities. the biological studies revealed that the chemical compound iii f showed high molluscicda ... | 2000 | 10836738 |
| kinetic potentials of certain scavenger enzymes in fresh water snails susceptible and non-susceptible to schistosoma infection. | the activities of catalase (h2o2-oxidoreductase ec 1.11.1.6)- and glutathione reductase (ec 1.6.4.2) as two important scavenger enzymes, were measured in tissue homogenates of biomphalaria alexandrina and bulinus truncatus, the snail vectors of schistosomiasis. a parallel study was done on lymnea truncatula snails which are not susceptible to schistosoma infection. the apparent michaelis constant (km) for both anzymes were determined in tissue homogenates of the three studied species. the result ... | 1993 | 8329984 |
| cercariometry in the study of schistosoma mansoni transmission in egypt. | the recovery of schistosoma mansoni cercariae was studied in experimental ditches and natural irrigation canals using a continuous operating centrifuge and a water suction sampling technique. recovery of cercariae from static water in the ditches where caged infected biomphalaria alexandrina snails were placed showed that cercariae recovered were more with increase of infected snails and decrease of water volume and were most abundant in the proximity of the snails which produced them. shade or ... | 1996 | 8754644 |
| detection of schistosoma mansoni in biomphalaria using nested pcr. | a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) protocol was developed for detecting the presence of schistosoma mansoni sporocysts in intermediate host snails of the genus biomphalaria. to accomplish this, rdna genes encoding the 18s rrna of s. mansoni and biomphalaria alexandrina from egypt were sequenced, as were 18s-encoding genes of the 13-16-r1 and salvador strains of biomphalaria glabrata. based on a comparison of host and parasite sequences, a nested set of pcr primers was designed to allow spe ... | 1997 | 9194817 |
| susceptibility of three successive snail generations from positive and negative laboratory bred biomphalaria alexandrina from different localities in egypt to infection with schistosoma mansoni from giza. | susceptibility of snail vectors to schistosome infection varies between geographical areas, populations in the same area and among individuals in the same population. it is also affected by biological factors of which are snail size (age), number and age of miracidia exposed to water, temperature, illumination and darkness. our preview studies indicated that snails 4-6 mm in diameter exposed to 5 freshly hatched miracidia under light and in water at 25 degrees c are optimum conditions for infect ... | 1997 | 9257970 |
| effect of aprotinin on schistosoma mansoni miracidial penetration into biomphalaria alexandrina. | the effect of aprotinin on schistosoma mansoni miracidial penetration process, by its direct topical application on biomphalaria alexandrina snails, was studied the snails were exposed to s. mansoni miracidial suspension which was mixed with aprotinin at concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 20 kallikrein inactivator units (kiu)/ml of applied solution. results showed that aprotinin had marked inhibitory effect on miracidial penetration of the snails. the concentration that resulted in 50% inhibiti ... | 1997 | 9425816 |
| a longitudinal study of schistosome intermediate host snail populations and their trematode infection in certain areas of egypt. | seasonal variation of biomphalaria alexandrina and bulinus truncatus populations and their infection rates with schistosome and other trematode cercariae were studied longitudinally in four water courses located in giza and faiyoum governorates. abundance of both species varied from year to year and according to the type of habitat. the mean prevalence of schistosoma mansoni in biomphalaria was 0.29%, that of s. haematobium in bulinus was 1.36%. seasonal variations of age structure of the 2 vect ... | 2003 | 12739812 |
| infection of laboratory bred biomphalaria alexandrina from giza and alexandria governorates with schistosoma mansoni from giza in relation to snail size and number of penetrated miracidia. | snail size and the number of schistosoma mansoni miracidia penetrated are two important factors among others that might influence biomphalaria alexandrina infection with s. mansoni. groups of 16 snails of fixed age but of different size class (2-4 mm), (4-6 mm), (6-8 mm), (8-10 mm) and (10-12 mm) from three successive generations of positive and negative laboratory bred b. alexandrina from giza and alexandria governorates were each exposed to five s. mansoni miracidia (tbri from giza) under ligh ... | 1997 | 9425819 |
| [biomphalaria alexandrina tanganiyicensis (e.a. smith 1881) transmitter of schistosoma mansoni at lac albert]. | | 1952 | 12976892 |
| laboratory assessment of the molluscicidal and cercaricidal activities of the egyptian weed, solanum nigrum l. | the molluscicidal properties of solanum nigrum l. were tested against three egyptian snail species (biomphalaria alexandrina, bulinus truncatus and lymnaea natalensis), each an intermediate host of parasites causing human schistosomiasis or fascioliasis. the plant was collected in two regions within egypt: fayium and giza. snails were exposed for 24 and 48 h, to the dry powdered fruits and leaves or to crude water extracts of the powders, and mortality was recorded. the water extract of the leav ... | 1997 | 9579213 |
| effect of six non-target snails on schistosoma mansoni miracidial host finding and infection of biomphalaria alexandrina under laboratory conditions. | six snail species naturally associated with biomphalaria alexandrina, the snail host of schistosoma mansoni in egypt, were tested under standard laboratory conditions, for impact on miracidial host findings and infection of the snail host. these snails are the prosobranchs melanoides tuberculata, cleopatra bulimoides, bellamys unicolor and lanistes carinatus, the pulmonates planorbis planorbis and physa acuta. the tested snail ssp. reduced considerably the infection rate of biomphalaria with s. ... | 1998 | 9707684 |
| invasion of the nile valley in egypt by a hybrid of biomphalaria glabrata and biomphalaria alexandrina, snail vectors of schistosoma mansoni. | two years (1996-1997) of systematic survey showed that a hybrid of biomphalaria glabrata and biomphalaria alexandrina has invaded the irrigation and drainage systems in the nile delta and the valley nor the of el-menya. however, the infestation of water courses by and the population density of this snail were variable in various localities. the infestation rate ranged between 7.1% in el-fayoum governorate and 52.6% in el-dakahliya governorate and the snail density from 2 snails/site to 69.7 snai ... | 1998 | 9707685 |
| a possible role for an enkephalinergic system in the internal defense mechanism of biomphalaria alexandrina exposed to schistosoma mansoni. | the present study documents that in bioniphalaria alexandrina coordinated responses to schistosoma mansoni infection are modulated by receptor-mediated opioid signals. rather comprehensive tests in susceptible and resistant snails have demonstrated: i- the presence of an endogenaus opioids in the snail hemolymph (in particular, leu-enkephalin-like material). ii- in vitro treatment of snail hemocytes with synthetic leu-enkephalin analogue (dadle) resulted in the modulation of cellular adherence, ... | 2003 | 14708857 |
| molluscicidal and in-vitro schistosomicidal activities of the latex and some extracts of some plants belonging to euphorbiacea. | plant molluscicicdes proved to be good means for controlling fresh water snails of schistosomiasis. the molluscicidal activities of the natural and lyophilized latex extracts of euphorbia royleana and e. mouritanica and acetonitril and chloroform extracts of jatropha carcus were investigated against biomphalaria alexandrina the intermediate hosts for s. mansoni. the lyophilized latex extract of e. royleana showed the highest toxicity against snails with lc90 value of 11 ppm. while the natural la ... | 2003 | 14708864 |
| compatibility of biomphalaria alexandrina, biomphalaria glabrata and a hybrid of both to seven strains of schistosoma mansoni from egypt. | the susceptibility of biomphalaria alexandrina, biomphalaria glabrata and a hybrid snail of both, all obtained from natural habitats in egypt, to infection with six human local strains of schistosoma mansoni and a laboratory strain of human origin was determined. the infection rate, prepatent period, periodic cercarial production and duration of cercarial shedding were compared in all cases. the results showed that each of the three studied biomphalaria snails had different rates of infection an ... | 1998 | 9914708 |
| correlation between snails and fish in fish ponds of world fish center (iclarm) with special reference to snail vectors of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis. | the abundance of snail species in earthen fish ponds, irrigation and drainage canals at world fish center (iclarm) in descending order was bellamya unicolor (50.89%) > physa acuta (18.94%) > cleopatra bulimoides (7.6%) > lanistes carinatus (6.73%) > bulinus truncatus (5.19%) > melanoides tuberculata (4.83%) > lymnaea natalensis (3.14%) > gabbiella senaariensis (0.9%) > biomphalaria alexandrina (0.55%) > lym naea truncatula (0.4%) > planorbis planorbis and succinea cleopatra (0.33%) > ferrissia i ... | 2003 | 14964656 |
| emergence of schistosoma mansoni infection in upper egypt: the giza governorate. | we found an unexpectedly high prevalence of schistosoma mansoni in a village in the upper egyptian governorate of giza. historically, s. mansoni is endemic in the northern egyptian nile delta rather than in the southern upper egypt. this observation was made during an evaluation of a rural health care schistosomiasis surveillance program using a cross sectional survey for s. haematobium and s. mansoni in the village of el-gezira el-shakra el-saf district in the upper egypt giza governorate. a 10 ... | 1999 | 10344658 |
| molluscicidal and anti-feedant activities of diterpenes from euphorbia paralias l. | nine known diterpene polyesters of segetanes, jatrophenes and paralianes have been isolated from the aerial parts of euphorbia paralias l. the molluscicidal activity of isolated compounds was evaluated on biomphalaria alexandrina (ehrenberg). paraliane diterpene, (2s,3s,4r,5r,6r,8r,12s,13s,14r,15r)-5,8,14-triacetoxy-3-benzoyloxy-15- hydroxy-9-oxo-paraliane, was the most potent compound against the snail. anti-feedant activity was tested by a conventional leaf disc method against third-instar lar ... | 2002 | 11997975 |
| effect of sublethal concentrations of atriplex halimus (chenopediaceae) on biomphalaria alexandrina, the snail-vector of schistosoma mansoni in egypt. | effect of sublethal concentrations of atriplex halimus on the mortality rate, longevity, egg production of biomphalaria alexandrina and hatchability of their eggs were studied. the sublethal concentrations of atriplex caused reduction in survival rates, longevity and egg production of b. alexandrina. hatchability of snail eggs exposed to tested plant was decreased by increasing its concentrations. | 2002 | 12049264 |
| incidence of parastrongylus cantonensis larvae in different fresh water snails in dakahlia governorate. | samples of snails were collected from different water bodies in dakahlia governorate to assess a survey on the naturally infected snails and their infection rate with the parastrongylus cantonensis larvae. the nematode p. cantonensis is associated in the etiology of eosinophilic meningeoencephalitis of man. lanistes carinatus showed the highest rate of infection with 19-400 larvae per snail. biomphalaria alexandrina, b. glabrata, bulinus truncatus, lymnaea cailliaudi (natalensis), l. alexandrina ... | 2002 | 12214935 |
| biological studies on the snail intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis with a special emphasis on using larval echinostomes as biocontrol agent against larval schistosomes and snails. | the present investigation deals with the infectivity of the two snail intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis, biomphalaria alexandrina and bulinus truncatus collected from nine drains in sharkia governorate, egypt. the rate of infection among the snails was general low being 0% in many drains. regarding b. alexandrina, the rate of infection ranged from 4-16%, and in b. truncatus ranged from 4-8%. infection with larval echinostomes was dominant over larval schistosomes in the two snail vectors. th ... | 2002 | 12512810 |
| sublethal concentration of ambrosia maritima(damsissa) affecting compatibility of biomphalaria alexandrina snails to infection with schistosoma mansoni through disturbing the glycolytic pathway. | high glycolytic flux as an emergency pathway for generating atp was recorded as the most important metabolic pathway required for the success of biomphalaria-schistosome sporocyst interaction. effect of lc25 of dry powdered ambrosia maritima (damsissa) as plant molluscicide on hexokinase (hk), pyruvate kinase(pk), glucose phosphate isomerase(gpi) was tested. it resulted in a significant inhibition of the three investigated enzymes. treatment of snails with lc10 concentrations of a. maritima redu ... | 2000 | 11198379 |
| molluscicidal and cercaricidal efficacy of acanthus mollis and its binary and tertiary combinations with solanum nigrum and iris pseudacorus against biomphalaria alexandrina. | molluscicidial activity of leaves of acanthus mollis against biomphalaria alexandrina were evaluated. its petroleum ether extract (lc50 values = 6.92 mg/l) was more potent than solanum nigrum and iris pseudacorus extracts. a binary combination (1:1) of a. mollis and s. nigrum, as well as, a binary combination (1:1) of a. mollis and i. pseudacorus extracts showed additive effect on snails (24 hr lc50: 5.09 mg/l and 3.76 mg/l respecttively). a tertiary combination (1:1:1) of a. mollis, s. nigrum a ... | 2004 | 15587327 |
| bioactivity of anagallis arvensis and calendula micrantha plants, treated with ammonium nitrate, superphosphate and potassium sulphate fertilizers, on biomphalaria alexandrina. | the survival rate of b. alexandrina snails maintained in aqueous solutions of the two tested plants (calendula micrantha and anagallis arvensis) decreased gradually with time until the 9th week and 10th week where the survival rate was zero in the high concentration of a. arvensis and c. micrantha, respectively, meanwhile, the survival rate of the control was 20%. also, the two plants caused reduction in hatchability of snails egg masses. thus, the percent of hatching in a. arvensis (82 ppm) was ... | 2000 | 11198390 |
| geographic information systems as a tool for control program management for schistosomiasis in egypt. | during a 4-year study a geographic information system (gis) risk model was constructed for predicting the relative risk of schistosomiasis in kafr el-sheikh governorate, egypt. a 1-year 1990-1991 time series on diurnal temperature difference (dt) prepared from the advanced very high resolution radiometer (avhrr) sensor on the noaa-11 satellite was used to develop a regional risk model for the nile delta based on thermal-hydrological domains. a may 15, 1990 landsat tm scene (path 177, row 38) was ... | 2001 | 11378141 |
| a molecular survey of biomphalaria in egypt: is b. glabrata present? | two species of biomphalaria are reported from egypt, the indigenous biomphalaria alexandrina and biomphalaria glabrata, the latter believed to be introduced during the past few decades. both are known to be excellent hosts of schistosoma mansoni, the human-infecting blood fluke common in egypt. given the concerns regarding the spread of the exotic b. glabrata, this study was carried out to get a more current picture of the status of biomphalaria in egypt. snail collections were undertaken during ... | 2005 | 16014848 |
| dynamic of cercarial production of schistosoma mansoni in biomphalaria alexandrina. | the susceptibility of b. alexandrina to infection with s. mansoni miracidia varies due to biological & ecological parameters. in case of snail infection in less than 4 or 5 months productivity doubled between 1 and 2 miracidium, but with more than 2 miracidia with practically no increase in productivity. in more than 5 months, there no was discernible difference in productivity between monomiracidial and polymiracidial infections. the production of cercariae was characterized by very irregular d ... | 2001 | 11478439 |