| [sugar bound regular monoterpenes, part i thymol- and carvacrolglykosides in thymus vulgaris (author's transl)]. | | 1976 | 133368 |
| the analysis of essential oils and extracts (oleoresins) from seasonings--a critical review. | a critical review of the analytical methods employed for the determination of the relevant components of seasonings is presented. where the available methods were inadequate, new ones have been devised. particular emphasis has been placed on those methods of analysis that provide a rapid and sufficiently accurate appraisal of seasoning extracts and essential oils from seasonings under routine control laboratory conditions. at the same time, the margin of error of these methods has been determine ... | 1977 | 336288 |
| biosynthesis of aromatic monoterpenes: conversion of gamma-terpinene to p-cymene and thymol in thymus vulgaris l. | | 1978 | 666313 |
| [chemical weed control in plantations of thyme (thymus vulgaris l.)]. | | 1978 | 684053 |
| spectrophotometric determination of certain volatile oils. part 1: assay for phenols in volatile oils of clove and thyme. | a differential spectrophotometric method was described for the assay of thyme and clove oils. the method is based on the relative absorbance measurement of the thymate or eugenate anions to the respective molecular thymol or eugenol in alcoholic medium. the results of the differential method, compared with those of the conventional method, are more accurate. | 1976 | 959296 |
| [factors, controlling recirculation of stem cells. 3. effect of thyme on migration and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells settling out from bone marrow screened during irradiation]. | | 1976 | 996246 |
| a probable rhabdovirus infection of lemon-scented thyme. | | 1975 | 1147327 |
| collaborative study of a method for the extraction of light filth from whole, cracked, or flaked and ground spices. | an improved method has been developed for the extraction of light filth from whole, cracked, or flaked spices (basil, bay leaves, clery leaves, chervil, chives, dill weed, mint flakes, parsley, rosemary, sage, tarragon, thyme, and vegetable flakes) and from ground spices (cloves, cumin, marjoram, mustard seed, oregano, sage, and thyme). the method involves a chloroform or isopropanol defatting, followed by a direct flotation from 40% isopropanol with tween 80-edta (1+1) and mineral oil-heptane ( ... | 1975 | 1170162 |
| [wates of the herb, thyme, as a source for obtaining a preparation with hypocholestermic action]. | | 1975 | 1225639 |
| purification and characterization of the monoterpene cyclase gamma-terpinene synthase from thymus vulgaris. | the monoterpene cyclase, gamma-terpinene synthase, from thymus vulgaris (thyme) leaves was purified to apparent homogeneity by isoelectric focusing and dye-ligand, anion-exchange, hydrophobic interaction, and gel permeation chromatography. the enzyme has a native molecular weight of 96,000 as determined by gel permeation chromatography, and exhibited a specific activity of 538 nmol/h.mg protein (turnover number of approximately 0.01/s). sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis s ... | 1991 | 1897973 |
| studies on the genotoxic properties of essential oils with bacillus subtilis rec-assay and salmonella/microsome reversion assay. | genotoxic properties of essential oils from anthemis nobilis l., artemisia dracunculus l., salvia officinalis l., salvia sclarea l., satureja hortensis l., satureja montana l., thymus capitatus l., thymus citriodorus schreb., thymus vulgaris l., citrus bergamia risso, were studied with bacillus subtilis rec-assay and salmonella/microsome reversion assay. the essential oil of artemisia dracunculus l. "piemontese" turned out to be active in the rec-assay but not in the salmonella test. dna-damagin ... | 1991 | 1910178 |
| evaluation of a microbiological method for detection of irradiation of spices. | the suitability of a microbiological method, a combination of the direct epifluorescent filter technique (deft) and the total aerobic plate count (apc), for the detection of irradiation of spices was evaluated. the evaluation was carried out using different kinds of spices including peppers, paprika, cardamom, cinnamon, ginger; herbs such as thyme, marjoram, basil, and oregano; and garlic powder. ground spices were tested as well as cut and whole spice samples. samples were analysed before and a ... | 1991 | 2038893 |
| experimental study of essential oils from two varieties of cultivated thyme, sesquiterpene germacron and diterpene sclareol for cholagogic and choleretic activity. | | 1989 | 2490810 |
| a new look at traditional medicine in morocco. | traditional medicine is still popular in morocco since it is an important form of health care for many people. its positive aspects could be encouraged if it were officially recognized and given a place in the health system. | 1989 | 2610831 |
| [genital vulvar lichen sclerosis in 2 siblings]. | lichen sclerosus of the vulva mainly occurs in older women, but shows another peak of incidence at the age just before puberty. the etiology of the disease, which is characterized by firm atrophy, is not known. there are some hints for a genetic disposition, such as a certain constellation of hla and familial incidence. our present case report is concerned with the clinical course of vulval lichen sclerosus in sisters, which had almost simultaneously developed. in both cases, the disease was suc ... | 1989 | 2815905 |
| effect of selected antioxidants on the stability of dehydrated mashed potatoes. | the antioxidants tbhq, alpha-tocopherol, prolong p (rosemary, thyme, marjoram mixture) or ascorbyl palmitate were not found able to replace the antioxidant bha in potato flakes production if stored for up to 24 months. ascorbyl palmitate gave good antioxidative protection up to 16 months of storage, and also protected against carotenoid degradation better than the other antioxidants. the ascorbyl palmitate lost its antioxidative effect after longer storage. | 1989 | 2924977 |
| spectrophotometric analysis of irradiated spices. | seven different spices (thyme, cinnamon, coriander, caraway, pimento, paprika, black pepper) were treated by gamma radiation at an absorbed dose of 10 kgy, and the effect on chemical quality was determined. the effects of this dose were assessed by spectrophotometric analysis of some water-soluble constituents of spices (carbohydrates; carbonyl compounds) and on the content of water-insoluble steam-volatile oils. the colour of paprika and the content of piperine in pepper held in different packa ... | 1987 | 3040629 |
| study of the bacillus flora of nigerian spices. | bacteriological examination of 230 samples of five different unprocessed spices (aligator pepper, red pepper, black pepper, thyme and curry powder) collected randomly from port harcourt main markets revealed that the spices were highly contaminated, with bacterial counts ranging from 1.8 x 10(4) to 1.1 x 10(8) per gram. bacillus cereus was isolated in high numbers in the majority of the 230 samples examined. it was also observed that other bacillus spp. including b. subtilis, b. polymyxa and b. ... | 1988 | 3275301 |
| the antibacterial action of eugenol, thyme oil, and related essential oils used in dentistry. | | 1988 | 3278805 |
| inhibitory effects of six turkish thyme-like spices on some common food-borne bacteria (short communication). | | 1988 | 3380140 |
| high-performance liquid chromatographic characterization of some medical plant extracts used in cosmetic formulas. | rapid and reliable methods are presented for the characterization of biologically active and/or characteristic constituents in aqueous extracts of hamamelis virginiana, matricaria chamomilla, achillea millefolium, thymus vulgaris, althaea officinalis and cinchonia spp. prior to high-performance liquid chromatographic (hplc) separation a clean-up step was performed using a solid-phase extraction system. the purified extracts were analysed by hplc coupled with a diode-array detector and a fluoresc ... | 1988 | 3417826 |
| [methods for evaluation of antibacterial activity of essential oils: application to essences of thyme and cinnamon]. | | 1987 | 3430329 |
| [antibacterial action of essential oils extracted from madagascar plants]. | the following aromatherapy study reports the antimicrobial activity of eight malagasy essential oils by the determination of their respective m.i.c. (minimal inhibitory concentration) on enteropathogenic and spoilage bacteria strains. the aromatic plants used were taken from the labiatae family (thymus vulgaris, ocimum gratissimum), the myrtaceae family (eugenia caryophyllata, melaleuca viridiflora) and the compositae (helichrysum lavanduloides, h. bracteiferum, h. gymnocephalum, psiadia altissi ... | 1987 | 3451708 |
| natural inhibitors of complement. iii. inactivation of the complement cascade in vitro by vegetal spices (ocimum basilicum, artemisia dracunculus and thymus vulgaris). | | 1987 | 3503653 |
| [research on the chemical composition and aspects of the pharmacological action of the essential oil of kochi thyme (thymus kotschyanus boiss)]. | in experiments on white mice, guinea pigs and rabbits it was found that ethereal oil of kochi thyme is non-toxic. at concentrations of 0.5-5.0% (1 mg/kg) it produced in rabbits hypotensive and cardiotonic effects. | 1987 | 3582636 |
| plants used in phytotherapy, cosmetics and dyeing in the pramanda district (epirus, north-west greece). | thirty plants used in phytotherapy, cosmetics and dyeing in the pramanda district (north-west greece) are reported. for many plants (myrtle, phlomis, daphne, etc.) the uses are localized and not noted for other phytotherapies; some uses coincide with those existing in other zones of the mediterranean (mint, thyme, red juniper, hypericum, etc.). the plants used are the most common and most easily found in this area. | 1986 | 3747562 |
| salicylates in foods. | to determine salicylate content, 333 food items were analyzed. foods were homogenized with 25% sodium hydroxide, allowed to stand overnight, acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and then extracted with warm diethylether over 5 hours. the extract was dried and taken up in dilute sodium bicarbonate solution for analysis. salicylic acid was separated by high performance liquid chromatography and quantified by reading at 235 nm. salicylic acid standards were used throughout to standardize ... | 1985 | 4019987 |
| relaxant effects on tracheal and ileal smooth muscles of the guinea pig. | the effects of volatile oils of 22 plants from 11 different families and of some of their constituents on tracheal and ileal smooth muscles were investigated. the results were compared with the relaxant effects of catecholamines and phosphodiesterase inhibitors. all of the oils had relaxant effects on the tracheal smooth muscle, the most potent were angelica root, clove, elecampane root, basil and balm leaves oil. 16 oils inhibited the phasic contractions of the ileal myenteric plexus-longitudin ... | 1985 | 4039178 |
| [althaea, ipecac, senega and thyme as cough medicines]. | | 1973 | 4144514 |
| [the antibacterial activity of thyme and wild thyme oils]. | | 1974 | 4209473 |
| [effects of fading on the yield, the main components and the physicochemical properties of the volatile oil from thymus vulgaris l. ii]. | | 1966 | 4223748 |
| [studies on the variability of content and composition of volatile oil in leaf- and herb-drugs of thymus vulgaris l]. | | 1970 | 4245001 |
| common thyme (thymus vulgaris) as employed for the ancient methods of embalming. | | 1972 | 4601333 |
| [on the biogenetic independence of linalol and terpineol-alpha in thymus vulgaris l]. | | 1967 | 4961797 |
| [new hybridizations of thyme (thymus vulgaris l.)]. | | 1972 | 5038118 |
| [composition of volatile oil from thymus vulgaris and thumus marshallianus depending on age of leaves and seasons]. | | 1970 | 5503537 |
| [effect of sowing time as yield- and quality- determining factor in cultivation of thymus vulgaris l]. | | 1968 | 5717190 |
| [dependence of yield amount and quality of thyme in 2 year cultivation on harvest time and cut level in the fall of the seeding year. 1]. | | 1969 | 5807373 |
| [dependence of harvest amount and quality of thyme in 2 year cultivation on the harvest time and slice height in the fall of the seeding year. 2]. | | 1969 | 5807384 |
| [dependence of harvest amount and quality of thyme in 2 year cultivation from harvest time and slice height in the fall of the seeding year]. | | 1969 | 5807401 |
| [phytochemical investigation of basil thyme]. | | 1965 | 5868054 |
| [contribution to the study of the possibility of introducing thymus vulgaris l. under the conditions of the continental climate of vojvodina and serbia with the purpose of producing quality drugs]. | | 1965 | 5879762 |
| [proposals for the drug section of the dab 7. 16: thyme leaves]. | | 1966 | 5982971 |
| suppression of humoral response during the course of candida albicans infection in mice. | this paper aims at demonstrating the non-specific immunosuppression as regards thyme-dependent antigens sheep erythrocytes (srbc) during the course of candida albicans systemic infection. three lots of syngeneic/balb/c mice, 8-12 weeks of age, were used. the first normal lot was inoculated via the intraperitoneal route with a (srbc) suspension (4 x 10(8) cells ml) in a hank's balanced saline solution. the primary response of antibodies formed by splenic cells was measured from 4 to 8 days after ... | 1984 | 6392889 |
| [analgesic, hypotensive and cardiotonic action of the essential oil of the thyme growing in azerbaijan]. | | 1980 | 6449789 |
| [botanical, phytochemical and pharmacologic studies of thyme]. | | 1983 | 6668539 |
| sensitivity of heat-stressed yeasts to essential oils of plants. | eight strains of yeasts (candida lipolytica, debaryomyces hansenii, hansenula anomala, kloeckera apiculata, lodderomyces elongisporus, rhodotorula rubra, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and torulopsis glabrata) were examined for changes in sensitivity to eight essential oils of plants (allspice, cinnamon, clove, garlic, onion, oregano, savory, and thyme) after being sublethally heat stressed. with the exception of garlic oil for all test yeasts, onion oil for s. cerevisiae, and oregano oil for r. rubr ... | 1984 | 6712207 |
| inhibitory effects of spices on growth and toxin production of toxigenic fungi. | the inhibitory effects of 29 commercial powdered spices on the growth and toxin production of three species of toxigenic aspergillus were observed by introducing these materials into culture media for mycotoxin production. of the 29 samples tested, cloves, star anise seeds, and allspice completely inhibited the fungal growth, whereas most of the others inhibited only the toxin production. eugenol extracted from cloves and thymol from thyme caused complete inhibition of the growth of both aspergi ... | 1980 | 6769391 |
| spasmolytic activity of the flavonoids from thymus vulgaris. | flavonoids from thymus vulgaris l. have been studied in vitro for spasmolytic activity on the smooth muscles of the guinea-pig ileum and trachea and of the rat vas deferens. the flavones and thyme extracts inhibit responses to agonists which stimulate specific receptors (acetylcholine, histamine, l-noradrenaline) as well as to agents whose actions are not mediated via specific receptors (bacl2). cumulative dose-response curves point to a non-competitive antagonism. inhibition of ca2+ contraction ... | 1983 | 6844124 |
| pharmacological and chemical investigation of thyme liquid extracts. | | 1981 | 7232550 |
| potential mold growth, aflatoxin production, and antimycotic activity of selected natural spices and herbs. | ground spices and herbs are evaluated as substrates for mycelial growth, sporulation, and aflatoxin production. three toxigenic strains of aspergilli, a. flavus atcc 15548, a. flavus nrrl 3251, and a. parasiticus nrrl 2999, were cultured on moist, commercially packaged herbs and spices. all substrates used were ground and included thyme, celery seed, oregano, cinnamon, ginger, caraway seed, clove, mustard, sesame seed, and rosemary leaves. following inoculation of the natural materials in steril ... | 1981 | 7275911 |
| [the elevation of the leucocyte and thrombocyte counts produced by a thyme extract in the peripheral blood as compared to that caused by 2-cyanoethylurea (author's transl)]. | a thyme extract, the preparation of which is described, produced a considerable stimulation of leucopoiesis and also an elevation of the thrombocyte count in the blood. in a comparative trial, the immunopotentiator 2-cyanoethylurea (ba1-4) has been found to be even more effective. the elevation of the leucocyte count is of importance not only to the various possibilities of immunostimulation, but also directly, in connexion with an elevation of the thrombocyte count, to the tumour-damaging proce ... | 1981 | 7312926 |
| [investigation of contact allergies in 100 cases of ulcus cruris (author's transl)]. | in a group of 100 patients with ulcus cruris, the incidence of contact allergies was determined. patch tests were applied with 18 products that might have come into contact with the skin. these products comprised drugs and excipients (preservatives and ointment vehicles) potential ingredients of tapes or of elastic bandages. peru balsam (14%), wool-wax alcohols (10%), nestosyl owing to its para-aminobenzoate component (7%), neomycin (5%) and thyme oil (5%) were the allergens most frequently enco ... | 1981 | 7338201 |
| [effect of various phytotherapeutic expectorants on mucociliary transport]. | the normal transport velocity of the isolated ciliated epithelium of the frog oesophagus was proved to be 228 +/- 15 micron . s-1. bromhexin increased this transport rate 1.34 fold and kneipp-hustentee 1.38 fold. the components of the cough tea had different effects on the mucociliar activity. the following ingredients increased the transport rate with falling rank order: folia farfarae (coltsfoot), fructus foeniculi (fennel), and fructus anisi (anise). herba plantaginis (plantain), flores verba ... | 1980 | 7364365 |
| study of the antioxidative effects of thyme, sage, juniper and oregano. | | 1995 | 7623926 |
| inhibition of growth and aflatoxin production in aspergillus parasiticus by essential oils of selected plant materials. | we studied the effect of 13 chemically different essential oils (eo) on the mycelial growth of and aflatoxin synthesis by aspergillus parasiticus. cinnamon, thyme, oregano, and cumin eo were able to stop mycelial growth at only 0.1% in the medium, while curcumin, ginger, lemon, and orange eo were unable to inhibit totally the growth even at 1% concentration. coriander, black pepper, mugwort, bay, and rosemary eo caused the growth to stop at concentrations between 0.2 and 1%. the eo most active u ... | 1994 | 7823297 |
| [systemic emulsions. 2. use of different methods of formulation: the effect of essential oils of thyme on stability]. | as part of an ongoing investigation on emulsifying techniques, we studied the influence of different essential oils from thymus vulgaris on emulsion stability. all four chimiotypes tested (geraniol, linalol, carvacrol, and thymol) caused a marked decrease in stability. this instability cannot be explained by a change in the hydrophilic lipophilic balance since the hlbc of the new oil phase (essential oil + paraffine oil) was not significantly different from that of paraffine alone. | 1994 | 7884636 |
| factors that interact with the antibacterial action of thyme essential oil and its active constituents. | the viable counts of salmonella typhimurium on nutrient agar (na) decreased upon the addition of either the essential oil of thyme or its constituent thymol, especially under anaerobic conditions. antagonistic effects of thymol against staphylococcus aureus were also greater under anaerobic conditions. in contrast to the phenolic constituents of the oil, thymol and carvacrol, the chemically related terpenes p-cymene and gamma-terpinene had no antagonistic effects against salm. typhimurium. the a ... | 1994 | 8027009 |
| [increased immune response in broilers after administration of natural food supplements]. | the trial involved broilers from the 4th to the 56th day of life. the first group p1 (n = 30) received commercial mashes with supplements of 0.5% biomass of freshwater algae (chlorella vulgaris). the second group p2 (n = 30) received 0.9% dried cow's colostrum and 0.9% dried brewer's yeasts in addition to the algae (0.2%). all the ingredients came from fluid-bed drying at temperatures maximally 50 degrees c. control group k (n = 30) consisted of broilers which received commercial mashes only. at ... | 1994 | 8053120 |
| [decontamination of some spices by ethylene oxide. development of 2-chloroethanol and ethylene glycol during the preservation]. | after the disinfection by ethylene oxide and storage by ethylene oxide in definite conditions of 16 spices (parsley, chervil, tarragone, chive, thyme, rosemary, coriander, nutmeg, mace, cinnamon, allspices, clove, pepper), the authors observed the fast loss of residual ethylene oxide and ethyleneglycol. on the contrary, the persistence of 2-chloroethanol was followed up for 6 months. they turn their attention to the toxicity of this compound to ensure the protection of customers. | 1993 | 8215121 |
| composition and antimicrobial properties of essential oils of four mediterranean lamiaceae. | essential oils from satureja montana l., rosmarinus officinalis l., thymus vulgaris l., and calamintha nepeta (l.) savi, were chemically analysed and their antimicrobial and fungicide activities evaluated on the basis of their minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc). all four oils have a biotoxic effect, the most active being those from calamintha and thymus. | 1993 | 8258973 |
| identification of natural antimutagens with modulating effects on dna repair. | the results of a study of bioantimutagenesis, with emphasis on natural antimutagens from plant extracts with modulating effects on dna repair in escherichia coli bacteria are presented in this chapter. comparative screening for spontaneous or induced mutagenesis, as well as expression of the sos gene, sfia was accomplished. antimutagenic capacity was obtained with nontoxic concentrations of the plant extracts; the same plant extract may decrease or increase the mutation rate, or even be ineffect ... | 1993 | 8304938 |
| hydride shifts in the biosynthesis of the p-menthane monoterpenes alpha-terpinene, gamma-terpinene, and beta-phellandrene. | the biosynthesis of several monoterpenes from the acyclic precursor geranyl pyrophosphate requires the migration of positive charge from the isopropyl side chain into the cyclohexenoid ring of the universal alpha-terpinyl cation intermediate of the reaction. the hydride shifts responsible for charge migration in the formation of three p-menthane olefin isomers were examined in a range of plant species: alpha-terpinene in american wormseed, gamma-terpinene in thyme, and (-)-beta-phellandrene in l ... | 1993 | 8460944 |
| [the breakdown of the fungicide carbendazim in an aqueous environment]. | the study of the breakdown of the fungicide carbendazim widely used in poland was carried out under model conditions simulating the environment of river water moderately polluted, distilled water, and dynamic aqueous ecosystem. the experiments were conducted using the fungicide in concentrations about 1 and 5 mcg/l at two temperatures-about 20 degrees c and 5 degrees c, and after adaptation of microorganisms to the presence of the fungicide. taking the results of the experiment with river water ... | 1995 | 8533037 |
| protein glycation inhibitors from thyme (thymus vulgaris). | nonenzymatic glycation of bovine serum albumin (bsa) was inhibited in vitro by some extracts of 34 kinds of spices. the methanol extract of thyme (thymus vulgaris) had the most potent inhibitory activity among them. chromatographic purification yielded four flavonoids, quercetin (1), eriodictyol (2), 5,6,4'-trihydroxy-7,8,3'-trimethoxyflavone (3), and cirsilineol (4). these known flavonoids suppressed the levels of advanced glycation end products (ages) and fructosamines, shown by the measuremen ... | 1995 | 8541639 |
| labiatae allergy: systemic reactions due to ingestion of oregano and thyme. | there are no cases described in the medical literature of systemic allergic reactions due to oregano (origanum vulgare) or thyme (thymus vulgaris). these herbs belong to the lamiaceae (labiatae) family which comprises other plants such as hyssop (hyssopus officinalis), basil (ocimum basilicum), marjoram (origanum majorana), mint (mentha piperita), sage (salvia officinalis) and lavender (lavandula officinalis). | 1996 | 8630713 |
| antiperoxidative components in thymus vulgaris. | a biphenyl compound, 3,4,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-5,5'-diisopropyl-2,2'-dimethylbiphenyl (1), and a flavonoid, eriodicytol (2), were isolated as antioxidative components from the leaves of thymus vulgaris by bioassay-directed fractionation. these compounds inhibited superoxide anion production in the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system. mitochondrial and microsomal lipid peroxidation induced by fe(iii)-adp/nadh or fe(iii)-adp/nadph were also inhibited by these compounds. compound 1 is an extremely potent ... | 1996 | 8693032 |
| in vitro inhibition of helicobacter pylori by extracts of thyme. | extracts of several plants were tested for inhibitory activity against helicobacter pylori. among these plants thyme (aqueous extract) and cinnamon (alcoholic extract) were the most effective. since aqueous extract of thyme is easier to produce and consume, it was further investigated. compared with several antibacterials, the thyme extract had a significant inhibitory effect on h. pylori, reducing both its growth and potent urease activity. from the results of this study, the aqueous extract of ... | 1996 | 8698668 |
| thymus serpyllum (wild thyme). | | 1996 | 8708662 |
| effect of some spices as preservatives for storage of lentil (lens esculenta l.) seeds. | the high antimycotic activity of four kinds of spices, viz, chinese cassia, cinnamon, clove and thyme, were tested as preservatives for agricultural commodities. clove, thyme and a mixture of the four kinds of spice completely inhibited aflatoxin production on lentil seeds during eight weeks of incubation. chinese cassia and cinnamon partially inhibited the aflatoxin production. | 1995 | 8846992 |
| occupational asthma caused by aromatic herbs. | we describe a subject with occupational asthma caused by several aromatic herbs: thyme, rosemary, bay leaf, and garlic. the diagnosis was confirmed by several inhalation challenges in the laboratory. although immediate skin reactivity was demonstrated to the herbs the subject reacted to by inhalation, rast showed that garlic was the most potent allergen by weight, the other herbs showing less reactivity. these aromatic herbs, bay leaf, thyme, and rosemary, should be included among agents causing ... | 1996 | 8899117 |
| a novel approach to study antibacterial properties of volatile components of selected indian medicinal herbs. | the aromatic substances of natural origin are used medicinally in ayurveda, and can have diverse bio-dynamic actions. the existing methods like agar-cup method or disc diffusion method are not adequate to study the exclusive antibacterial effects of the volatile components of aromatic oils due to lack of ideal diffusion and evaporation from the surface. hence an attempt is made to develop a novel approach to assess the antibacterial activity of few aromatic herbs like eugenia caryophyllus, thymu ... | 1996 | 8979514 |
| liquid chromatographic determination of safrole in sassafras-derived herbal products. | a liquid chromatographic (lc) method was developed for determining safrole in herbal products derived from sassafras (sassafras albidum), as well as related compounds such as isosafrole and dihydrosafrole. the procedure involves solvent extraction and isolation of analyte by reversed-phase lc with uv detection at 235 nm. safrole is resolved from related compounds and other sample constituents including thymol, a component of thyme. a linear concentration range of 0.003-0.200 mg/ml was obtained f ... | 1997 | 9325580 |
| effect of honey versus thyme on rubella virus survival in vitro. | in this paper, we assess the antiviral properties of honey solutions and thyme extracts at varying concentrations. this was done by testing these solutions in vitro using monkey kidney cell cultures that were infected with the rubella virus. our results indicated that honey had good anti-rubella activity, while thyme did not. these results may justify the continuing use of honey in traditional medicines from different ethnic communities worldwide and in some modern medications such as cough syru ... | 1996 | 9395668 |
| a preliminary study of the effect of essential oils on skeletal and smooth muscle in vitro. | the pharmacological activity of nine commercial essential oils was studied on the rat isolated phrenic nerve diaphragm preparation and compared with activity on field-stimulated guinea-pig ileum preparations. the essential oils at final bath concentrations of 2 x 10(-5) and 2 x 10(-4) g/ml produced four different effects on skeletal muscle, whilst only a contracture with or without a decrease in response to field stimulation in smooth muscle. the first type of effect on skeletal muscle involved ... | 1997 | 9421254 |
| the potential effectiveness of essential oils as a treatment for headlice, pediculus humanus capitis. | essential oils of aniseed, cinnamon leaf, red thyme, tea tree, peppermint, nutmeg, rosemary, and pine were tested in vitro against lice, pediculus humanus. all the oils except for rosemary and pine were found to be effective in the laboratory when applied in an alcoholic solution and followed by a rinse the following morning in an essential oil/vinegar/water mixture. peppermint and nutmeg were only used as a blend rather than as individual oils. problems of solubility and toxicity are discussed, ... | 1996 | 9439284 |
| estrogen and progestin bioactivity of foods, herbs, and spices. | in this study we report on the content and bioactivity of plant (phyto) estrogens and progestins in various foods, herbs, and spices, before and after human consumption. over 150 herbs traditionally used by herbalists for treating a variety of health problems were extracted and tested for their relative capacity to compete with estradiol and progesterone binding to intracellular receptors for progesterone (pr) and estradiol (er) in intact human breast cancer cells. the six highest er-binding her ... | 1998 | 9492350 |
| antimicrobial properties of plant essential oils and essences against five important food-borne pathogens. | the antimicrobial properties of 21 plant essential oils and two essences were investigated against five important food-borne pathogens, campylobacter jejuni, salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes. the oils of bay, cinnamon, clove and thyme were the most inhibitory, each having a bacteriostatic concentration of 0.075% or less against all five pathogens. in general, gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to inhibition by plant essential oils ... | 1998 | 9569693 |
| [phytochemical evaluation of essential oils, medicinal plants and their preparations]. | a surway is presented on the authors' work in the field of volatile oil research. the gas chromatographic method previously used for analysis of essential oils was transformed to capillary gas chromatographic conditions. the method is also suitable for separation of compound-pairs frequently occurring in essential oils (peppermint, rosemary, lavender, sage, clary sage, thyme oils). beside the gas chromatographic analysis of essential oils, which was necessary for their standardization and qualif ... | 1998 | 9703700 |
| the effect of the volatile oils of chenopodium ambrosioides and thymus vulgaris against the larvae of lucilia sericata (meigen). | nowadays, there are many problems with the use of chemical insecticides as resistance, environmental pollution, toxicity to man and animal... etc. all these required the investigation of a new line for controlling arthropod pests of medical and agricultural importance. the volatile oils of chenopodium ambrosioides (american wormseed) and thymus vulgaris (tyme) proved to be effective against the third stage larvae of lucilia sericata. the lc50 confidence limits were 70 ppm and 130 ppm for both vo ... | 1998 | 9707679 |
| control of aspergillus flavus in maize with plant essential oils and their components. | the effects of 11 plant essential oils for maize kernel protection against aspergillus flavus were studied. tests were conducted to determine optimal levels of dosages for maize protection, effects of combinations of essential oils, and residual effects and toxicity of essential oils to maize plants. principal constituents of eight essential oils were tested for ability to protect maize kernels. essential oils of cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon), mentha piperita (peppermint), ocimum basilicum (b ... | 1998 | 9709236 |
| evaluation of the preservative properties of thymus vulgaris essential oil in topically applied formulations under a challenge test. | the preservative properties of thyme essential oil (3%) with a known composition were evaluated in two types of final formulations, suitable for use as pharmaceutical or cosmetic vehicles, by means of a standard challenge test proposed by the latest european pharmacopoeia. the required preservation efficacy criteria were satisfied against the bacterial strains, against the yeast in one of the formulations, but not against the mould strain involved in this study. interactions between the essentia ... | 1998 | 9721641 |
| bactericidal activity of carvacrol towards the food-borne pathogen bacillus cereus. | carvacrol, a natural plant constituent occurring in oregano and thyme, was investigated for its bactericidal effect towards the food-borne pathogen bacillus cereus. carvacrol showed a dose-related growth inhibition of b. cereus. at concentration of 0.75 mmol l-1 and above, total inhibition of the growth was observed. below this concentration, carvacrol extended the lag-phase, reduced the specific growth rate and reduced the maximum population density. incubation for 40 min in the presence of 0.7 ... | 1998 | 9750293 |
| the male-sterility polymorphism of silene vulgaris: analysis of genetic dat from two populations and comparison with thymus vulgaris. | results are given of genetic studies of male sterility using plants from two natural populations from sussex, england. both populations have substantial frequencies of females, approximately 0.25 in population 1 and 0.60 in population 3. as in the few other gynodioecious populations studied in detail, many genetic factors are present. in population 1, there are at least two, and more likely three, different cytoplasmic types, one of which appears to produce male sterility in progeny from any her ... | 1998 | 9799278 |
| antimicrobial activity of pelargonium essential oils added to a quiche filling as a model food system. | eight essential oils obtained by steam distillation from the scented leaves of pelargonium species and cultivars were added at 250, 500 and 1000 ppm to a quiche filling, inoculated with either saccharomyces ludwigii or zygosaccharomyces bailii (at 10(8) cfu g-1), salmonella enteriditis or listeria innocua (at 10(9) cfu g-1). the quiche fillings were then kept at 25 degrees c for 24 h and the residual number of micro-organisms determined using the pour plate technique. there was an effective anti ... | 1998 | 9812396 |
| randomized trial of aromatherapy. successful treatment for alopecia areata. | to investigate the efficacy of aromatherapy in the treatment of patients with alopecia areata. | 1998 | 9828867 |
| antisporulating and respiration-inhibitory effects of essential oils on filamentous fungi. | sporulation of four species of filamentous fungi, namely aspergillus fumigatus, fusarium solani, penicillium expansum and rhizopus oryzae, was suppressed by gaseous contact with citron, lavender and thyme oils and, to a lesser extent, by that of perilla and tea tree oils. lemongrass and cinnamon bark oils were scarcely active. the antisporulating effect of the essential oils was not observed when they were applied as a solution, indicating that their vapours were the active form. moreover, expos ... | 1998 | 9916464 |
| beneficial effects of thyme oil on age-related changes in the phospholipid c20 and c22 polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of various rat tissues. | the aim of this study was to determine any age-related changes in phospholipid polyunsaturated fatty acid composition, in particular c20 and c22 fatty acids in rat liver, brain, kidney and heart, and to assess and compare the effects of dietary supplementation (42.5 mg/kg body weight/day) of the natural antioxidant thyme oil and its major component thymol throughout the rat life span. the fatty acid composition in the various tissues from young (7 months) and aged (28 months) rats was determined ... | 1999 | 10216288 |
| the march of thyme. | | 1999 | 10226036 |
| antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. | the antimicrobial activity of plant oils and extracts has been recognized for many years. however, few investigations have compared large numbers of oils and extracts using methods that are directly comparable. in the present study, 52 plant oils and extracts were investigated for activity against acinetobacter baumanii, aeromonas veronii biogroup sobria, candida albicans, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia col, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica s ... | 1999 | 10438227 |
| in vitro inhibition of drug-resistant and drug-sensitive strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis by ethnobotanically selected south african plants. | twenty south african medicinal plants used to treat pulmonary diseases were screened for activity against drug-resistant and drug-sensitive strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. a preliminary screening of acetone and water plant extracts against a drug-sensitive strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis, h37rv, was done by the agar plate method. fourteen of the 20 acetone extracts showed inhibitory activity at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml against this strain. acetone as well as water extracts of cry ... | 1999 | 10473184 |
| antispasmodic activity of thymus vulgaris extract on the isolated guinea-pig trachea: discrimination between drug and ethanol effects. | the effect of an extract of thymus vulgaris on induced spasms was investigated on guinea-pig trachea preparations. by the experimental setup used, effects of ethanol as the vehicle could be differentiated from the activity of the herbal constituents. the extract reversibly and concentration-dependently antagonized the contraction of the musculus transversus tracheae, provoked by four different spasmogens (bacl2, carbachol, histamine, prostaglandin f2 alpha). the degree of the antispasmodic activ ... | 1999 | 10483369 |
| antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of thymus vulgaris l. measured using a bioimpedometric method. | the essential oils obtained from thymus vulgaris l. harvested at four ontogenetic stages were evaluated for their biological activity and chemical composition. the thyme essential oils were tested for their inhibitory effects against nine strains of gram-negative bacteria and six strains of gram-positive bacteria. the bioimpedance method was chosen for studying the antibacterial activity of the essential oils and the parameter chosen for defining and quantifying the antibacterial activity of the ... | 1999 | 10492476 |
| in-vitro antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of sardinian thymus essential oils. | essential oils and their components are becoming increasingly popular as naturally occurring antimicrobial agents. in this work the chemical composition and the antimicrobial properties of thymus essential oils and of their main components were determined. three essential oils obtained from different species of thymus growing wild in sardinia and a commercial sample of thymus capitatus oil were analysed. the essential oil components were identified by gc/ms analysis. the antimicrobial activity o ... | 1999 | 10499301 |
| mechanisms of action of carvacrol on the food-borne pathogen bacillus cereus. | carvacrol, a naturally occurring compound mainly present in the essential oil fraction of oregano and thyme, was studied for its effect on bioenergetic parameters of vegetative cells of the food-borne pathogen bacillus cereus. incubation for 30 min in the presence of 1 to 3 mm carvacrol reduced the viable cell numbers exponentially. carvacrol (2 mm) significantly depleted the intracellular atp pool to values close to 0 within 7 min. no proportional increase of the extracellular atp pool was obse ... | 1999 | 10508096 |
| repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | the repellency of different concentrations (5, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) and combinations of 5 essential oils (bourbon geranium, cedarwood, clove, peppermint, and thyme) to aedes aegypti (l.) and anopheles albimanus wiedemann when applied to human skin was determined in laboratory tests. cedarwood oil failed to repel mosquitoes and only high concentrations of peppermint oil repelled ae. aegypti. none of the oils tested prevented mosquito bite when used at the 5 or 10% concentration. thyme and cl ... | 1999 | 10534958 |
| acetophenone glycosides from thyme (thymus vulgaris l.). | four acetophenone glycosides were isolated from the butanol-soluble fraction of thyme extracts. their structures were determined by spectral methods (ms, nmr, and 2d-nmr). among them, two new compounds, 4-hydroxyacetophenone 4-o-[5-o-(3, 5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzoyl)-beta-d-apiofuranosyl]-(1-->2)-beta-d -gl ucopyranoside (1) and 4-hydroxyacetophenone 4-o-[5-o-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-beta-d-apiofuranosyl]-(1-->2)-beta-d-+ ++gluc opyranoside (2), were determined. compound 1 showed weak cytotoxicity, in ... | 1999 | 10552470 |
| the main citral-geraniol and carvacrol chemotypes of the essential oil of thymus pulegioides l. growing wild in vilnius district (lithuania). | thymus pulegioides l. with lemon and carvacrol odor form the major part of plants growing wild in all 10 investigated localities during 1995-1997. the main components of the citral-geraniol chemotype of lemon-scented essential oil are the following (%): geraniol (14.9-30. 8), geranial (trans-citral, 9.7-19.7), beta-caryophylene (6.0-11.4), nerol (4.1-11.8), and neral (cis-citral, 0.1-9.5). the essential oil of carvacrol chemotypes contain more compounds that are characteristic of the thyme genus ... | 1999 | 10552723 |
| dietary supplementation of thyme (thymus vulgaris l.) essential oil during the lifetime of the rat: its effects on the antioxidant status in liver, kidney and heart tissues. | this study aimed not only to identify age-related changes in certain antioxidant systems, but to assess whether dietary supplementation of thyme oil could address the unfavourable antioxidant-pro-oxidant balance that occurs with age. the present study has shown that there were significant declines in the superoxide dismutase activities in the liver and heart of old rats, although kidney showed no decline. liver glutathione peroxidase (gshpx) activity was found to have increased significantly in ... | 1999 | 10576332 |
| allergic alveolitis due to herb dust exposure. | we report an episode of allergic alveolitis in a female farmer due to massive exposure to organic dust contaminated with microorganisms during threshing of herbs (thyme). the patient's medical history, the results of exposure test, inhalation challenge, and bronchoalveolar lavage suggested the diagnosis of allergic alveolitis | 1999 | 10607999 |