| [agglutinins in marine brown algae. dedicated to professor dr. h. knöll on his 65th birthday]. | extracts from the brown algae fucus vesiculosus, f. serratus, and halidrys siliquosa agglutinated human erythrocytes of groups a, b, o, and ab as well as erythrocytes from some animal species, ascites tumour cells from mice, and streptococci of many groups of the lancefield system. the extract of chorda filum did not show haemagglutination but agglutinated ascites tumour cells and streptococci of a few groups. | 1978 | 567898 |
| hypoglycemic activity of several seaweed extracts. | the hypoglycemic activity of several seaweed extracts on rabbits was studied. ethanol extracts of laminaria ochroleuca, saccorhiza polyschides and fucus vesiculosus were administered orally to normal animals and their effects on glycemia and triglyceridemia evaluated. crude polysaccharides and protein solutions from himanthalia elongata and codium tomentosum were also assayed. polysaccharides and proteins from h. elongata caused a significant reduction in blood glucose 8 h after intravenous admi ... | 1989 | 2615424 |
| calmodulin-binding proteins are developmentally regulated in gametes and embryos of fucoid algae. | calcium-binding proteins and calmodulin-binding proteins were identified in gametes and zygotes of the marine brown algae fucus vesiculosus, fucus distichus, and pelvetia fastigiata using gel (sds-page) overlay techniques. a calcium current appears to be important during cell polarization in fucoid zygotes (k.r. robinson and l.f. jaffe, 1975, science 187, 70-72; k.r. robinson and r. cone, 1980, science 207, 77-78), but there are no biochemical data on calcium-binding proteins in these algae. by ... | 1989 | 2912798 |
| selective interaction of a fucus vesiculosus lectin-like mucopolysaccharide with several candida species. | a complex carbohydrate specific lectin-like mucopolysaccharide extracted from the brown alga fucus vesiculosus was found to agglutinate candida guilliermondii cells but not those of other species of the same genus (except for a weak agglutination with c. krusei). the selective binding of this mucopolysaccharide correspondingly affected the growth of the yeasts. the results suggest that there are notable differences--at least with respect to the receptors for the f. vesiculosus mucopolysaccharide ... | 1983 | 6223551 |
| toxicity of an algal mucopolysaccharide for escherichia coli and neisseria meningitidis strains. | several bacterial strains of clinical significance have been tested to assess the toxic effect of a lectin-like algal mucopolysaccharide from fucus vesiculosus on their growth. the toxic effect of the mucopolysaccharide has been found to be exerted only on escherichia coli and neisseria meningitidis strains. the degree of toxicity, measured by the effect on the growth of the bacteria, is variable depending on the strains of e. coli tested, whereas with n. meningitidis the results obtained indica ... | 1984 | 6237397 |
| purification and partial characterization of a fucus vesiculosus agglutinin. | fucus vesiculosus agglutinin has been purified to homogeneity by conventional chromatographic procedures and characterized as a mucopolysaccharide with 90% carbohydrate content. estimated molecular weight is about 2 x 10(6) daltons. it has no sub-unit structure and its isoelectric point is 3.2. it contains 1.23% s, 0.24% ca and 0.06% p. agglutinin mediated sheep red blood cell agglutination was inhibited only by glycoproteins with complex lateral oligosaccharide chains resembling some of the oli ... | 1983 | 6867442 |
| a new procedure for the isolation of anti-hiv compounds (polysaccharides and polyphenols) from the marine alga fucus vesiculosus. | anti-hiv-active polysaccharides and polyphenols were isolated from the brown seaweed fucus vesiculosus by hot h2o extraction of both the intact and the homogenized algae. this was followed by xad2 chromatography and by sequential precipitation of the non-adsorbed compounds with glacial hoac and thereafter with etoh. the precipitate was solubilized, dialyzed against distilled h2o, and chromatographed on sp-sephadex c25 and on qae-sephadex a25. this was followed by gel filtration on sephadex g50 a ... | 1993 | 7684438 |
| a revised structure for fucoidan may explain some of its biological activities. | fucoidan from fucus vesiculosus inhibits human sperm-zona pellucida binding and blocks the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction in human sperm. fucoidan also potently inhibits selectin-mediated adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelium. to understand the molecular basis for fucoidan's inhibition of specific cell adhesion events, we have investigated the structure of this fucan using definitive methods of carbohydrate structural analysis. we report the revised average structure for fucoi ... | 1993 | 8408031 |
| anticoagulant fucoidan fractions from fucus vesiculosus induce platelet activation in vitro. | anticoagulant fucoidan fractions of different molecular weight and sulfate content were prepared and investigated for their effects on platelet function in vitro. the fucoidan fractions were incubated with human platelet rich plasma (prp) at concentrations of 5, 10 and 50 micrograms/ml. platelet activation was subsequently studied by a standard aggregation assay and flow cytometric determination of the activation dependent platelet-surface markers cd62p (p-selectin, gmp-140) and cd63 (gp53). all ... | 1997 | 9101640 |
| cross-species induction and enhancement of antimicrobial activity produced by epibiotic bacteria from marine algae and invertebrates, after exposure to terrestrial bacteria. | antibiotic producing marine bacteria isolated from surfaces of the marine alga fucus vesiculosus and the nudibranch archidoris pseudoargus were exposed to live cells of staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli and heat-killed cells of staph. aureus. twelve out of the 16 marine strains tested showed enhanced antimicrobial activity towards staph. aureus, e. coli and ps. aeruginosa following this exposure. three out of seven strains tested showed enhanced antimicrobial activi ... | 1998 | 9750317 |
| identification and characterization of a recombinant metallothionein protein from a marine alga, fucus vesiculosus. | a cdna library was constructed from macroalgae adapted to prolonged elevated environmental copper levels. to investigate the possible existence of a metallothionein (mt) gene, the library was screened with degenerate probes designed using plant mt cysteine-rich motifs. a gene was identified (1229 bp) with a putative open reading frame (204 bp) encoding a 67-amino-acid protein exhibiting several characteristic features of mt proteins, including 16 cysteine residues (24%) and only one aromatic res ... | 1999 | 10024535 |
| evaluation of the contamination of marine algae (seaweed) from the st. lawrence river and likely to be consumed by humans. | the goal of the study was to assess the contamination of marine algae (seaweeds) growing in the st. lawrence river estuary and gulf of st. lawrence and to evaluate the risks to human health from the consumption of these algae. algae were collected by hand at low tide. a total of 10 sites on the north and south shores of the st. lawrence as well as in baie des chaleurs were sampled. the most frequently collected species of algae were fucus vesiculosus, ascophyllum nodosum, laminaria longicruris, ... | 1999 | 10092431 |
| continuing contamination of north atlantic and arctic waters by sellafield radionuclides. | discharges of 99tc and 129i from the reprocessing plant at sellafield have increased significantly since the mid-1990s, against the overall trend of most other radionuclides. the 'pulsed' release of 99tc has provided an opportunity to study transport pathways and transit times in uk waters, the north sea and beyond. transit times estimated from the 99tc data are signifcantly shorter than rates reported previously using other radiotracers. the possible reasons for this are discussed. a comparison ... | 1999 | 10568270 |
| evidence for bioadhesive effects of polysaccharides and polysaccharide-containing herbs in an ex vivo bioadhesion assay on buccal membranes. | aqueous extracts of polysaccharide-containing plants are widely used in therapy for irritated mucus membranes in the pharynx region. in order to prove the existence of mucilaginous effects of polysaccharide hydrocolloids on epithelia an ex vivo system based on porcine buccal membranes was established. the tissue culture was stable and there was no indication of cytolytic processes during the 5 hour incubation period. this was confirmed through histological studies and the respective ldh values a ... | 2000 | 10705734 |
| heavy metal contamination of brown seaweed and sediments from the uk coastline between the wear river and the tees river. | the concentration of fe, mn, zn, cu, pb, ni, cr, cd, and ag were determined in the brown alga fucus vesiculosus and intertidal surface sediments from coastal locations of northeast england. levels of heavy metals similar to those of polluted areas of the british coastline were detected. there is evidence of contamination (especially with zn and pb) in sediments from sites affected by colliery spoil and from the wear estuary. the pelitic fraction ( < 63 microm) is usually more enriched in heavy m ... | 2001 | 11341296 |
| treatment of human skin with an extract of fucus vesiculosus changes its thickness and mechanical properties. | recently the researchers found that an extract of fucus vesiculosus, which is a type of seaweed, promotes the contraction of fibroblast-populated collagen gels through increased expression of integrin molecules. in this study, they investigated the effects of topical application of an aqueous extract of this alga on the thickness and the mechanical properties of human skin. a gel formulation that included 1% of the extract was applied topically to human cheek skin twice daily for five weeks. a s ... | 2002 | 11917251 |
| biomonitoring heavy metals in estuaries: a field comparison of two brown algae species inhabiting upper estuarine reaches. | biomonitoring dissolved heavy metals within estuaries, particularly at their upper reaches, frequently has to rely on several biomonitors; rarely a single species thrives all along the salinity gradient. to properly do so, it must be established whether those biomonitors actually accumulate heavy metals alike. in this study, two brown seaweeds from the upper section of three nw spain estuaries--the widely-known fucus vesiculosus and the estuarine fucus ceranoides--were compared as metal biomonit ... | 2002 | 12002281 |
| evaluation of 20 years of environmental monitoring data around swedish nuclear installations. | twenty years of environmental monitoring data around the swedish nuclear power plants and the studsvik research facilities have been evaluated. in the marine environment, fucus vesiculosus generally has high activity concentrations and the presence of a large variety of radionuclides in comparison with other bioindicators. however, for single nuclides the detection frequency was higher for 110mag in littorina spp and for 152eu in macoma baltica in comparison with other bioindicators. close to th ... | 2002 | 12363266 |
| assessment of the effect of fucus vesiculosus extract on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m and the histological modifications on the shape of the red blood cells. | natural products are widely used as food or food additives or medicines for humans. we are trying to develop a model to assess the possible toxic properties of natural products, such as fucus vesiculosus, utilized in popular medicine. red blood cells (rbc) labeled with technetium-99m (99mtc) are used in various procedures in nuclear medicine. this labeling procedure depends on a reducing agent, and stannous chloride is used. there is evidence that this labeling may be altered by drugs. we have i ... | 2003 | 12453723 |
| long-term study of 99tc in the marine environment on the swedish west coast. | the activity concentration of (99)tc in brown seaweed (fucus vesiculosus and fucus serratus) and seawater were analysed in samples collected in 1991, 1995 and 2001 at several stations along the swedish west coast. in addition to these locations, a well-defined site (särdal, 56.76 degrees n, 12.63 degrees e) was included with (99)tc activity concentration data in seaweed from 1967 to 2000. over the years, the major source of (99)tc in the coastal waters of western sweden has been the radioactive ... | 2003 | 12660046 |
| sea-to-land transfer of technetium-99 through the use of contaminated seaweed as an agricultural soil conditioner. | the use of seaweed as an agricultural soil conditioner gives rise to a potential pathway for the transfer of technetium-99 ((99)tc) from marine to terrestrial ecosystems and thence to man. however, to date there is little information on the extent of the release of (99)tc from seaweed into soil and the mechanisms involved. this pot experiment has shown that (99)tc is released fairly rapidly from fucus vesiculosus into a sandy coastal soil. despite low temperature conditions, 60% of the (99)tc ad ... | 2003 | 12915065 |
| isolation and characterization of a fucoidan-degrading marine bacterium. | fucoidan, a mixture of sulfated fucose-containing polysaccharides, was prepared from the algal bodies of cladosiphon okamuranus (class phaeophyceae, order chordariales, family chordariaceae) with a yield of 2.0% of the wet weight of the alga. to obtain enzymes that digest the fucoidan, we screened bacteria in the guy contents of the sea cucumber stichopus japonicus for their ability to decrease the fucoidan in their culture media, and successfully isolated one bacterial strain that could decreas ... | 2003 | 14735911 |
| effects of pulp mill chlorate on baltic sea algae. | the long-term effects of pulp mill chlorate on different algal species of the baltic sea were studied in land-based model ecosystems simulating the littoral zone. brown algae (phaeophyta) exhibited an extraordinarily high sensitivity to chlorate and pulp mill effluents containing chlorate. all brown algal species ceased growth or showed major signs of toxicity at all concentrations tested, down to microgram per litre levels. ec50 levels for growth of fucus vesiculosus were about 80-100 microg cl ... | 1994 | 15091680 |
| variation in natural selection for growth and phlorotannins in the brown alga fucus vesiculosus. | directional selection for plant traits associated with resistance to herbivory tends to eliminate genetic variation in such traits. on the other hand, balancing selection arising from trade-offs between resistance and growth or spatially variable selection acts against the elimination of genetic variation. we explore both the amount of genetic variation and variability of natural selection for growth and concentration of phenolic secondary compounds, phlorotannins, in the brown alga fucus vesicu ... | 2004 | 15271080 |
| modelling 99tc concentrations in fucus vesiculosus from the north-east irish sea. | in 1994 there were substantial increases in the quantity of 99tc discharged into the north-east irish sea from bnfl sellafield (uk), concomitant with improvements in waste treatment procedures. as a consequence, the concentration of 99tc observed in seawater and biota samples, taken from the irish sea coastline, increased significantly. elevated concentrations were also reported in dutch, danish, norwegian, swedish and arctic waters in subsequent years. in the present study a simple numerical mo ... | 2004 | 15312701 |
| glutathione-s-transferase activity of fucus spp. as a biomarker of environmental contamination. | coastal zones are important areas from both ecological and economical points of view. however, in the last decades, in several regions of the globe, they have been increasingly impacted by complex discharges of contaminants and by marine traffic accidents. the portuguese atlantic coast is particularly exposed to these contaminants due to the proximity of important navigation routes. several rocky shore organisms have been tested and used as bioindicators of environmental contamination. however, ... | 2004 | 15588640 |
| brown kelp modulates endocrine hormones in female sprague-dawley rats and in human luteinized granulosa cells. | epidemiological studies suggest that populations consuming typical asian diets have a lower incidence of hormone-dependent cancers than populations consuming western diets. these dietary differences have been mainly attributed to higher soy intakes among asians. however, studies from our laboratory suggest that the anti-estrogenic effects of dietary kelp also may contribute to these reduced cancer rates. as a follow-up to previous findings of endocrine modulation related to kelp ingestion in a p ... | 2005 | 15671230 |
| effects of sedimentation on macroalgae: species-specific responses are related to reproductive traits. | although increases in sedimentation have been proposed to interfere with benthic communities in many coastal areas worldwide, few experimental studies have investigated the effect of sedimentation on community composition and assessed species-specific responses. in a field experiment on a rocky shore on the swedish east coast (northern baltic proper) we confirmed the hypotheses that ambient sedimentation influences macroalgal abundance and community composition, and that species-specific respons ... | 2005 | 15682344 |
| genotypic variation in tolerance and resistance to fouling in the brown alga fucus vesiculosus. | in this study, we examined genetic variation in resistance and tolerance to fouling organisms in the brown alga fucus vesiculosus. we first grew 30 algal genotypes in the field, where we allowed fouling organisms to colonise the genotypes at natural levels. we then conducted a manipulative experiment, where we grew 20 genotypes of algae in aquaria with or without fouling organisms. we measured host resistance as the load of fouling organisms and tolerance as the slope of the regression of algal ... | 2005 | 15800737 |
| contents of soluble, cell-wall-bound and exuded phlorotannins in the brown alga fucus vesiculosus, with implications on their ecological functions. | phlorotannins are ubiquitous secondary metabolites in brown algae that are phenotypically plastic and suggested to have multiple ecological roles. traditionally, phlorotannins have been quantified as total soluble phlorotannins. here, we modify a quantification procedure to measure, for the first time, the amount of cell-wall-bound phlorotannins. we also optimize the quantification of soluble phlorotannins. we use these methods to study the responses of soluble and cell-wall-bound phlorotannin t ... | 2005 | 15839490 |
| tracing the influence of sewage nitrogen in a coastal ecosystem using stable nitrogen isotopes. | this paper reviews the use of stable nitrogen isotopes (delta15n) to delineate the influence of sewage nitrogen (n) in coastal ecosystems, drawing extensively on the case of himmerfjärden, a baltic sea bay that receives 15n-enriched tertiary treated sewage that is discharged mainly as dissolved inorganic n (din). gradients of delta15n in macroalgae (fucus vesiculosus) and surface sediments traced sewage-derived n to 24 km from the outfall but elevated delta15n values (> 7 per thousand) indicated ... | 2005 | 15865312 |
| studies of np and pu in the marine environment of swedish-danish waters and the north atlantic ocean. | the long-lived anthropogenic radionuclides (237)np, (239)pu and (240)pu were determined in marine environmental samples (seaweed and seawater) collected from swedish-danish waters and the north atlantic ocean at various locations on different occasions during the period 1991-2001. the measurements were performed with sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (icp-ms) and conventional alpha spectrometry. the (237)np activity concentrations in fucus vesiculosus and surface seawater ... | 2005 | 15885376 |
| genetic entities and mating system in hermaphroditic fucus spiralis and its close dioecious relative f. vesiculosus (fucaceae, phaeophyceae). | to date, molecular markers have not settled the question of the specific status of the closely related, but phylogenetically unresolved, brown seaweeds, hermaphroditic fucus spiralis and dioecious fucus vesiculosus, nor their propensity for natural hybridization. to test the degree of species integrity and to assess effect of the mating system on the population genetic structure, 288 individuals coming from parapatric (discontinuous) and sympatric (contiguous) spatial configurations at two sites ... | 2005 | 15910325 |
| sulfated polysaccharides derived from dietary seaweeds increase the esterase activity of a lymphocyte tryptase, granzyme a. | intake of sulfated polysaccharides, such as fucoidan or lambda-carrageenan extracted from seaweeds, has been shown to enhance immune responses, resulting in inhibition of tumor growth. however, little is known about the mechanisms by which these sulfated compounds mediate the enhancement. in the present study, we examined the effect of sulfated polysaccharides from seaweeds on esterase activity of a lymphocyte tryptase, granzyme a (gzma), which is believed to induce the production of cytokines i ... | 2005 | 16521710 |
| renal peroxidative changes mediated by oxalate: the protective role of fucoidan. | oxalate, one of the major constituents of renal stones is known to induce free radicals which damage the renal membrane. damaged epithelia might act as nidi for stone formation aggravating calcium oxalate precipitation during hyperoxaluria. in the present study, the beneficial effects of fucoidan on oxalate-induced free radical injury were investigated. male wistar rats were divided into four groups. hyperoxaluria was induced in two groups by administration of 0.75% ethylene glycol in drinking w ... | 2006 | 16820173 |
| use of an environmental specimen bank for evaluating the impact of the prestige oil spill on the levels of trace elements in two species of fucus on the coast of galicia (nw spain). | in the present study we investigated possible contamination by trace elements due to the oil slick caused by the shipwreck of the prestige oil tanker, in two species of brown macroalgae (fucus vesiculosus and fucus ceranoides) collected from the coastal area most severely affected by the spill (galicia, nw spain). the oil slick apparently did not cause significant increases in the concentrations of the trace elements studied, except vanadium. it appears that the magnitude of terrestrial inputs t ... | 2007 | 17258291 |
| nodularin induces oxidative stress in the baltic sea brown alga fucus vesiculosus (phaeophyceae). | in the baltic sea regular, intensive cyanobacterial blooms rich in the cyanobacterium nodularia spumigena occur during the summer season. n. spumigena is known to produce the cyclic pentapeptide nodularin (nod) in high concentrations. marine macroalgae, together with sea-grass meadows, are an extremely important habitat for life in the sea. in addition to this, the decaying macroalgae substantially contribute to the substrate for the microbial loop in coastal food webs. uptake of nodularin into ... | 2007 | 17287018 |
| physico-chemical alterations of urine in experimental hyperoxaluria: a biochemical approach with fucoidan. | urinary supersaturation-induced crystal formation has been attributed as one of the key factor for the pathogenesis/progression of lithogenesis. this study was aimed at investigating whether fucoidan, a naturally occurring sulfated glycosaminoglycan, could ameliorate the biochemical changes in urine induced by stone formation. two groups of male albino wistar rats (120+/-20 g) received 0.75% ethylene glycol (eg) for 28 days to induce hyperoxaluria, and one of them received sulfated polysaccharid ... | 2007 | 17331346 |
| comparison of different types of biomasses for copper biosorption. | three biomass, birch wood betula sp., marine brown alga fucus vesiculosus, and terrestrial moss pleurozium schreberi, have been compared as raw materials for preparation of biosorbents for removal of copper ions from diluted water solutions. small sample doses (0.5 g/100ml) of the biosorbents prepared from alga and moss enabled more than 90% removal of cu(ii) ions from diluted water solutions (5-20mg/l). the sample from sawdust was less effective. a pseudo-second-order rate model properly descri ... | 2008 | 17570656 |
| the effect of water flow velocity on the morphological and physiological parameters of fucus vesiculosus l. in the barents sea. | | 2007 | 17929672 |
| evaluation of quantitative methods for the determination of polyphenols in algal extracts. | marine brown algae such as ascophyllum nodosum and fucus vesiculosus accumulate polyphenols composed of phloroglucinol units. these compounds are of ecological importance and, due to their antioxidative activity, of pharmacological value as well. in this study four methods for the quantitative determination of phlorotannins are compared: spectrophotometric determinations using folin-ciocalteu's phenol reagent or 2,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (dmba), quantitative (1)h nmr spectroscopy (qhnmr), and gr ... | 2007 | 18052031 |
| fouling mediates grazing: intertwining of resistances to multiple enemies in the brown alga fucus vesiculosus. | macroalgae have to cope with multiple natural enemies, such as herbivores and epibionts. as these are harmful for the host, the host is expected to show resistance to them. evolution of resistance is complicated by the interactions among the enemies and the genetic correlations among resistances to different enemies. here, we explored genetic variation in resistance to epibiosis and herbivory in the brown alga fucus vesiculosus, both under conditions where the enemies coexisted and where they we ... | 2008 | 18157551 |
| highly selective and rapid arsenic removal by metabolically engineered escherichia coli cells expressing fucus vesiculosus metallothionein. | an arsenic-chelating metallothionein (fmt) from the arsenic-tolerant marine alga fucus vesiculosus was expressed in escherichia coli, resulting in 30- and 26-fold-higher as(iii) and as(v) binding, respectively. coexpression of the as(iii)-specific transporter glpf with fmt further improved arsenic accumulation and offered high selectivity toward as. resting e. coli cells coexpressing fmt and glpf completely removed trace amounts (35 ppb) of as(iii) within 20 min, providing a promising technology ... | 2008 | 18326684 |
| effect of sulphated polysaccharides on erythrocyte changes due to oxidative and nitrosative stress in experimental hyperoxaluria. | kidney stones are known to haunt humanity for centuries and increase in oxalate is a predominant risk factor for stone formation. the present study was initiated with a notion to study the oxidative and nitrosative stress on erythrocytes under oxalate stress and the putative role of sulphated polysaccharides. hyperoxaluria was induced in two groups by the administration of 0.75% ethylene glycol in drinking water for 28 days and one of them was treated with sulphated polysaccharides from fucus ve ... | 2007 | 18375635 |
| inhibition of reverse transcriptase activity of hiv by polysaccharides of brown algae. | brown algae have two kinds of acid polysaccharides present in the extracellular matrix: sulfated fucan and alginic acid. we have previously isolated and characterized fucans from several species of brown seaweed. the characterized fucans from dictyotaceae are heterofucans containing mainly fucose, galactose, glucose, xylose, and/or uronic acid. the fucan from fucus vesiculosus is a homofucan containing only sulfated fucose. we assessed the activity of these fucans as inhibitors of hiv from rever ... | 2008 | 18455359 |
| toxicity and antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo of two fucus vesiculosus extracts. | the consumption of seaweeds has increased in recent years. however, their adverse and beneficial effects have scarcely been studied. two extracts from the brown seaweed fucus vesiculosus containing 28.8% polyphenols or 18% polyphenols plus 0.0012% fucoxanthin have been obtained and studied to determine their toxicity in mice and rats and also their antioxidant activity. both extracts were shown to lack any relevant toxic effects in an acute toxicity test following a 4 week daily treatment in rat ... | 2008 | 18683949 |
| sulfated galactofucan from lobophora variegata: anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory properties. | sulfated polysaccharides (fucans and fucoidans) from brown algae show several biological activities, including anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory activities. we have extracted a sulfated heterofucan from the brown seaweed lobophora variegata by proteolytic digestion, followed by acetone fractionation, molecular sieving, and ion-exchange chromatography. chemical analyses and 13c-nmr and ir spectroscopy showed that this fucoidan is composed of fucose, galactose, and sulfate at molar ratios of 1 : ... | 2008 | 18976219 |
| heparinoids algal and their anticoagulant, hemorrhagic activities and platelet aggregation. | polysaccharides extracted from brown marine algae represent a source of marine compounds with potential applications in medicine. heparin-like compounds, fucoidans, have been proposed as alternatives to the anticoagulant heparin, which is prepared from mucous membrane of mammals. in this study, the activity of anticoagulant in activated partial thromboplastin time (aptt) and prothrombin time (pt) tests was assessed in the fucoidan (tf), from seaweed fucus vesiculosus, partially desulfated fucoid ... | 2009 | 19006655 |
| no evidence for the induction of brown algal chemical defense by the phytohormones jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate. | induced chemical defense reactions are widespread in marine brown algae. despite the evidence that the biosynthesis of defense metabolites can be up-regulated upon herbivory, we do not know how this regulation of biosynthetic pathways to secondary metabolites is achieved in brown algae. in higher plants, the phytohormone jasmonic acid (ja) is crucial for the mediation of induced chemical defenses, and several findings of this metabolite from marine sources have been reported. we tested the hypot ... | 2008 | 19020937 |
| divergence in host use ability of a marine herbivore from two habitat types. | we studied ecological divergence of host use ability in a generalist marine herbivore living in two distinct host plant assemblages. we collected idotea balthica isopods from three populations dominated by the brown alga fucus vesiculosus and three dominated by the seagrass zostera marina. in two reciprocal common garden feeding experiments for adult and laboratory-born juvenile isopods, we found that isopods from both assemblages performed better with their sympatric dominant host species than ... | 2009 | 19500204 |
| an expressed sequence tag analysis of the intertidal brown seaweeds fucus serratus (l.) and f. vesiculosus (l.) (heterokontophyta, phaeophyceae) in response to abiotic stressors. | in order to aid gene discovery and uncover genes responding to abiotic stressors in stress-tolerant brown algae of the genus fucus, expressed sequence tags (ests) were studied in two species, fucus serratus and fucus vesiculosus. clustering of over 12,000 ests from three libraries for heat shock/recovery and desiccation/rehydration resulted in identification of 2,503, 1,290, and 2,409 unigenes from heat-shocked f. serratus, desiccated f. serratus, and desiccated f. vesiculosus, respectively. low ... | 2010 | 19609612 |
| assessment of zymosan-induced leukocyte influx in a rat model using sulfated polysaccharides. | fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide from the brown algae fucus vesiculosus, has diverse biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and antithrombotic activity. this study analyzed the therapeutic activity of total fucoidan (tf) from f. vesiculosus and that of purified fractions (f1 and f2) on zymosan-induced arthritis. arthritis was induced by injecting zymosan into the knee joint. thus, three fucoidan fractions were obtained by acetone fractionation. due to the yield obta ... | 2010 | 19653146 |
| apoptosis inducing activity of fucoidan in hct-15 colon carcinoma cells. | the antitumor activity of fucoidan from fucus vesiculosus was investigated in human colon carcinoma cells. the crude fucoidan, a polysaccharide composed predominantly of sulfated fucose, markedly inhibited the growth of hct-15 cells (human colon carcinoma cells). after hct-15 cells were treated with fucoidan, several apoptotic events such as dna fragmentation, chromatin condensation and increase of the population of sub-g1 hypodiploid cells were observed. in the mechanism of fucoidan-induced apo ... | 2009 | 19801840 |
| on the rate of oxygen consumption by fertilized and unfertilized eggs : v. comparisons and interpretation. | 1. the rate of oxygen consumption by eggs may not merely undergo no change at fertilization, as in the case of the starfish, but it decreases to about half in chaetopterus and in cumingia. 2. the absolute rate of oxygen consumption in mm.(3) o(2) per hour per 10 mm.(3) eggs differs widely in several species of unfertilized eggs. it is very low in the sea urchin, intermediary in nereis, and high in chaetopterus and cumingia. the range for these eggs is approximately 0.4 to 3.1 mm.(3) o(2) per hou ... | 1933 | 19872719 |
| use of macroalgae stored in an environmental specimen bank for application of some european framework directives. | different european framework directives have established a series of objectives for conservation of the coast, and monitoring tools must be made available to test compliance with these aims. in the present study the use of macroalgae deposited in an environmental specimen bank was evaluated as a possible environmental tool for monitoring the coastal ecosystem. the concentrations of al, cd, co, cr, cu, fe, hg, mn, ni, pb, v and zn in three species of the genus fucus (fucus spiralis, fucus vesicul ... | 2010 | 19963235 |
| twenty years of elemental analysis of marine biota within the german environmental specimen bank--a thorough look at the data. | as one component of the german ecological environment observation, the environmental specimen bank program was initiated in the mid-1980s. under the program, representative specimens of marine, fresh water, and terrestrial ecosystems are sampled regularly and archived under chemically stable conditions. an initial characterization of the samples provides data regarding the status quo of the respective ecosystems. the aim of the present publication is to give insight into these real-time monitori ... | 2010 | 20058089 |
| the effect of fucus vesiculosus l. location in the depth on its morphophysiological parameters in the barents sea. | | 2010 | 20380177 |
| biological effects of fucoidan isolated from fucus vesiculosus on thrombosis and vascular cells. | fucoidan is a highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan, which has a molecular structure similar to that of heparin. the antithrombotic effects of fucoidan in vitro have been widely reported, but its antithrombotic effects in vivo as well as its other biological properties in vitro have not been well investigated. | 2010 | 21120163 |
| protective effects of fucoidan against γ-radiation-induced damage of blood cells. | fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide purified from brown algae including fucus vesiculosus and laminaria japonica, has a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant and antitumor activities. here, we investigated the radioprotective effects of fucoidan on human monoblastic leukemia cell line u937. further, animal tests were carried out using balb/c mice in order to determine the radiation-induced changes in the counts of blood cells, including thrombocytes, erythrocytes, leukocytes an ... | 2011 | 21544730 |
| fucoidan from sargassum sp. and fucus vesiculosus reduces cell viability of lung carcinoma and melanoma cells in vitro and activates natural killer cells in mice in vivo. | fucoidan is known to exhibit crucial biological activities, including anti-tumor activity. in this study, we examined the influence of crude fucoidan extracted from sargassum sp. (mta) and fucus vesiculosus (sig) on lewis lung carcinoma cells (lcc) and melanoma b16 cells (mc). in vitro studies were performed using cell viability analysis and showed that sig and mta fucoidans significantly decreased the viable number of lcc and mc cells in a dose-response fashion. histochemical staining showed mo ... | 2011 | 21624396 |
| the potent activity of sulfated polysaccharide, ascophyllan, isolated from ascophyllum nodosum to induce nitric oxide and cytokine production from mouse macrophage raw264.7 cells: comparison between ascophyllan and fucoidan. | ascophyllan isolated from the brown alga ascophyllum nodosum is a fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharide, which has similar but distinct characteristic monosaccharide composition and entire chemical structure to fucoidan. in this study, we examined the effects of ascophyllan, fucoidan isolated from a. nodosum (a-fucoidan), and fucoidan from sigma (s-fucoidan) as a representative fucoidan derived from other source (fucus vesiculosus) on mouse macrophage cell line raw264.7 cells. no significant ... | 2011 | 22024029 |
| induction of expression of a 14-3-3 gene in response to copper exposure in the marine alga, fucus vesiculosus. | the macro-alga fucus vesiculosus has a broad global and estuarine distribution and exhibits exceptional resistance to toxic metals, the molecular basis of which is poorly understood. to address this issue a cdna library was constructed from an environmental isolate of f. vesiculosus growing in an area with chronic copper pollution. characterisation of this library led to the identification of a cdna encoding a protein known to be synthesised in response to toxicity, a full length 14-3-3 exhibiti ... | 2011 | 21909961 |
| purification and the secondary structure of fucoidanase from fusarium sp. ld8. | the fucoidanase from fusarium sp. (ld8) was obtained by solid-state fermentation. the fermented solid medium was extracted by citric acid buffer, and the extracts were precipitated by acetone and purified by sephadex g-100 successively. the results showed that the specific fucoidanase activity of purified enzyme was 22.7-fold than that of the crude enzyme. the recovery of the enzyme was 23.9%. the purified enzyme gave a single band on sds-page gel, and the molecular weight of fucoidanase was abo ... | 2011 | 21977051 |
| effect studies of human pharmaceuticals on fucus vesiculosus and gammarus spp. | in two experiments, the human pharmaceutical propranolol negatively affected the physiology of two test organisms, fucus vesiculosus and gammarus spp. from a baltic sea littoral community in a concentration of 1000 μg l(-1). some effects were also observed for the lower, more ecologically relevant concentrations (10 μg l(-1) and 100 μg l(-1)). the effects on f. vesiculosus not only increased with increasing concentration, but also with exposure time; while the effects on gammarus spp. were more ... | 2011 | 22189068 |
| An Antithrombotic Fucoidan, Unlike Heparin, Does Not Prolong Bleeding Time in a Murine Arterial Thrombosis Model: A Comparative Study of Undaria pinnatifida sporophylls and Fucus vesiculosus. | The antithrombotic activities and bleeding effects of selected fucoidans (source from either Undaria pinnatifida sporophylls or from Fucus vesiculosus) have been compared with heparin in the ferric chloride-induced arterial thrombus mouse model. Thrombosis was induced by applying 5% ferric chloride for 3?min on the carotid artery region of Balb/c mouse. Five minutes prior to thrombus induction, mice were infused through the tail vein with either saline (control) or polysaccharides. Either fucoid ... | 2011 | 22084059 |
| phlorotannins from brown algae (fucus vesiculosus) inhibited the formation of advanced glycation endproducts by scavenging reactive carbonyls. | accumulation of advance glycation end products (ages) in vivo is associated with aging, diabetes, alzheimer's disease, renal failure, etc. the objective of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of brown algae fucus vesiculosus phlorotannins on the formation of ages. f. vesiculosus phlorotannins were extracted using 70% acetone. the resultant extract was fractionated into dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fractions .the ethyl acetate fraction was further fractionate ... | 2012 | 22248148 |
| evaluation of adjuvant effects of fucoidan for improving vaccine efficacy. | fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide derived from brown seaweed, including fucus vesiculosus. this compound is known to have immunostimulatory effects on various types of immune cells including macrophages and dendritic cells. a recent study described the application of fucoidan as a vaccine adjuvant. vaccination is regarded as the most efficient prophylactic method for preventing harmful or epidemic diseases. to increase vaccine efficacy, effective adjuvants are needed. in the present study, w ... | 2015 | 25549218 |
| polyketides from an endophytic aspergillus fumigatus isolate inhibit the growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mrsa. | the crude extract of aspergillusfumigatus isolate af3-093a, an endophyte of the brown alga fucus vesiculosus, showed significant antimicrobial activity in initial bioactivity screens. bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract led to the isolation of flavipin, chaetoglobosin a and chaetoglobosin b, all of which inhibited the growth of staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant s. aureus and mycobacterium tuberculosis h37ra. the antimycobacterial activity of these compounds has not been previ ... | 2015 | 26669098 |
| a review on biosynthesis of nanoparticles by marine organisms. | marine organisms produce remarkable nanofabricated structures in cell wall, shells, pearls and fish bones. marine microorganisms such as bacteria (e. coli, pseudomonas sp.), cyanobacteria (spirulina platensis, oscillatoria willei, phormidium tenue), yeasts (pichia capsulata, rhodospiridium diobovatum), fungi (thraustochytrium sp., penicillium fellutanum, aspergillus niger), and algae (navicula atomus, diadesmis gallica, stauroneis sp. sargassum wightii, fucus vesiculosus) are reported to synthes ... | 2013 | 23202242 |
| screening of antimicrobial activity of macroalgae extracts from the moroccan atlantic coast. | the aim of this work is the screening of the antimicrobial activity of seaweed extracts against pathogenic bacteria and yeasts. the antimicrobial activity of the dichloromethane and ethanol extracts of ten marine macroalgae collected from the moroccan's atlantic coast (el-jadida) was tested against two gram+ (bacillus subtilis and staphylococcus aureus) and two gram- (escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa) human pathogenic bacteria, and against two pathogenic yeasts (candida albicans and c ... | 2015 | 25614071 |
| hydrolysis of fucoidan by fucoidanase isolated from the marine bacterium, formosa algae. | intracellular fucoidanase was isolated from the marine bacterium, formosa algae strain kmm 3553. the first appearance of fucoidan enzymatic hydrolysis products in a cell-free extract was detected after 4 h of bacterial growth, and maximal fucoidanase activity was observed after 12 h of growth. the fucoidanase displayed maximal activity in a wide range of ph values, from 6.5 to 9.1. the presence of mg2+, ca2+ and ba2+ cations strongly activated the enzyme; however, cu2+ and zn2+ cations had inhib ... | 2013 | 23852092 |
| the novel strain fusarium proliferatum le1 (rcam02409) produces α-l-fucosidase and arylsulfatase during the growth on fucoidan. | enzymes capable of modifying the sulfated polymeric molecule of fucoidan are mainly produced by different groups of marine organisms: invertebrates, bacteria, and also some fungi. we have discovered and identified a new strain of filamentous fungus fusarium proliferatum le1 (deposition number in russian collection of agricultural microorganisms is rcam02409), which is a potential producer of fucoidan-degrading enzymes. the strain le1 (rcam02409) was identified on the basis of morphological chara ... | 2015 | 25346501 |
| simultaneous interstitial pneumonitis and cardiomyopathy induced by venlafaxine. | venlafaxine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor used as an antidepressant. interindividual variability and herb-drug interactions can lead to drug-induced toxicity. we report the case of a 35-year-old female patient diagnosed with synchronous pneumonitis and acute cardiomyopathy attributed to venlafaxine. the patient sought medical attention due to dyspnea and dry cough that started three months after initiating treatment with venlafaxine for depression. the patient was concomitantl ... | 2015 | 25029655 |
| bioaccumulation surveillance in milford haven waterway. | biomonitoring of contaminants (metals, organotins, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), pcbs) was undertaken in milford haven waterway (mhw) and a reference site in the tywi estuary (st ishmael/ferryside) during 2007-2008. bioindicator species encompassed various uptake routes-fucus vesiculosus (dissolved contaminants); littorina littorea (grazer); mytilus edulis and cerastoderma edule (suspension feeders); and hediste (=nereis) diversicolor (sediments). differences in feeding and habitat preferenc ... | 2012 | 21432028 |
| evaluation of the anticoagulant potential of polysaccharide-rich fractions extracted from macroalgae. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential anticoagulant activity of sulphated polysaccharide-containing extracts of six french edible marine macroalgae. aqueous extracts of brown (himanthalia elongata, laminaria digitata, ascophyllum nodosum, fucus vesiculosus), green (ulva lactuca) and red (chondrus crispus) macroalgae were prepared and their biochemical properties were determined, including major biomolecules, sulphate and ash contents. the anticoagulant activity of each extract was ... | 2017 | 28147712 |
| differential toxic effects of ulva lactuca (chlorophyta) on the herbivorous gastropods, littorina littorea and l. obtusata (mollusca). | members of the genus ulva are widespread and abundant in intertidal and shallow subtidal areas but there are conflicting data regarding susceptibility to herbivory. while some studies have documented that ulva spp. were favored by a diversity of marine herbivores, other work has revealed herbivore deterrence. we investigated grazing and growth rates of the littorinid species, littorina littorea and l. obtusata, when offered fucus vesiculosus, ascophyllum nodosum, ulva lactuca, and chondrus crisp ... | 2016 | 28028804 |
| an evaluation of the toxicity and bioaccumulation of bismuth in the coastal environment using three species of macroalga. | bismuth is a heavy metal whose biogeochemical behaviour in the marine environment is poorly defined. in this study, we exposed three different species of macroalga (the chlorophyte, ulva lactuca, the phaeophyte, fucus vesiculosus, and the rhodophyte, chondrus crispus) to different concentrations of bi (up to 50 μg l(-1)) under controlled, laboratory conditions. after a period of 48-h, the phytotoxicity of bi was measured in terms of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching, and adsorption and internal ... | 2016 | 26552530 |
| a physicochemical study of al(+3) interactions with edible seaweed biomass in acidic waters. | in this article, a study of the al(+3) interactions in acidic waters with biomass of different edible seaweeds: brown (fucus vesiculosus, saccorhiza polyschides), red (mastocarpus stellatus, gelidium sesquipedale, chondrus crispus), and green (ulva rigida, codium tomentosum), has been performed. the influence of both, the initial concentration of metal and the solution ph, on the al-uptake capacity of the biomass has been analyzed. from preliminary tests, species fucus vesiculosus and gelidium s ... | 2012 | 22900947 |
| application of mass spectrometric techniques for the trace analysis of short-lived iodine-containing volatiles emitted by seaweed. | knowledge of the composition and emission rates of iodine-containing volatiles from major widespread seaweed species is important for modeling the impact of halogens on gas-phase atmospheric chemistry, new particle formation, and climate. in this work, we present the application of mass spectrometric techniques for the quantification of short-lived iodine-containing volatiles emitted by eight different seaweeds from the intertidal zone of helgoland, germany. a previously developed online time-of ... | 2012 | 22227744 |
| obesity and medicinal plants. | the effects of some medicinal plants (i.e. fucus vesiculosus, citrus aurantium) that are claimed to be useful in the treatment of obesity are reviewed. | 2000 | 10930716 |
| extracts of north sea macroalgae reveal specific activity patterns against attachment and proliferation of benthic diatoms: a laboratory study. | a variety of macroalgae (ceramium rubrum, corallina officinalis, palmaria palmata, mastocarpus stellatus, fucus vesiculosus, cladophora rupestris, ulva sp.) were investigated by scanning electron microscopy to visualize epiphytic colonizers. the macroalgae differed in terms of their epiphytic coverage of bacteria, fungi and diatoms. macroalgae, largely devoid of epiphytic diatoms, were hypothesized to employ effective antifouling means to reduce epiphytic coverage, whilst heavily fouled macroalg ... | 2008 | 18092216 |
| zinc concentrations in marine macroalgae and a lichen from western ireland in relation to phylogenetic grouping, habitat and morphology. | zinc concentrations in 19 species of marine macroalgae and a lichen from western ireland (spiddal, co. galway) were analysed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. algae were collected from a single site but occupied different shore levels and belonged to distinct phylogenetic groupings and to different (previously recognised) morphological groups. concentrations ranged from 15-115 microg g(-1) dry weight. the greatest variation in concentration occurred amongst the red algal species, containin ... | 2004 | 15111037 |
| temporal windows of reproductive opportunity reinforce species barriers in a marine broadcast spawning assemblage. | prezygotic isolating mechanisms act to limit hybridization and maintain the genetic identity of closely-related species. while synchronous intraspecific spawning is a common phenomenon amongst marine organisms and plays an important role in reproductive success, asynchronous spawning between potentially hybridizing lineages may also be important in maintaining species boundaries. we tested this hypothesis by comparing reproductive synchrony over daily to hourly timescales in a sympatric assembla ... | 2016 | 27373816 |
| polymorphic microsatellite markers in the brown seaweed fucus vesiculosus. | fucus vesiculosus is a brown seaweed dominant on temperate rocky shores of the northern hemisphere and, is typically distributed in the mid-upper intertidal zone. it is an external fertilizer that reproduces sexually, providing an excellent model to address conflicting theories related to mating systems and sexual selection. microsatellite markers have been reported for several fucus species, however the genomic libraries from where these markers have been isolated, have originated from two or m ... | 2015 | 25890108 |
| physiological response of fucoid algae to environmental stress: comparing range centre and southern populations. | climate change has led to alterations in assemblage composition. species of temperate macroalgae at their southern limits in the iberian peninsula have shown shifts in geographical range and a decline in abundance ultimately related to climate, but with the proximate factors largely unknown. we performed manipulative experiments to compare physiological responses of fucus vesiculosus and fucus spiralis from portugal and wales (uk), representing, respectively, southern and central areas of their ... | 2014 | 24580117 |
| prezygotic barriers to hybridization in marine broadcast spawners: reproductive timing and mating system variation. | sympatric assemblages of congeners with incomplete reproductive barriers offer the opportunity to study the roles that ecological and non-ecological factors play in reproductive isolation. while interspecific asynchrony in gamete release and gametic incompatibility are known prezygotic barriers to hybridization, the role of mating system variation has been emphasized in plants. reproductive isolation between the sibling brown algal species fucus spiralis, fucus guiryi (selfing hermaphrodite) and ... | 2012 | 22563429 |
| profiling phlorotannins in brown macroalgae by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. | phlorotannins, phenolic compounds produced exclusively by phaeophyceae (brown algae), have recently been associated with a wide variety of beneficial bioactivities. several studies have measured the total phenolic content in extracts from various species, but little characterisation of individual phlorotannin components has been demonstrated. | 2013 | 22383068 |
| adaptive traits are maintained on steep selective gradients despite gene flow and hybridization in the intertidal zone. | gene flow among hybridizing species with incomplete reproductive barriers blurs species boundaries, while selection under heterogeneous local ecological conditions or along strong gradients may counteract this tendency. congeneric, externally-fertilizing fucoid brown algae occur as distinct morphotypes along intertidal exposure gradients despite gene flow. combining analyses of genetic and phenotypic traits, we investigate the potential for physiological resilience to emersion stressors to act a ... | 2011 | 21695117 |
| travelling in time with networks: revealing present day hybridization versus ancestral polymorphism between two species of brown algae, fucus vesiculosus and f. spiralis. | hybridization or divergence between sympatric sister species provides a natural laboratory to study speciation processes. the shared polymorphism in sister species may either be ancestral or derive from hybridization, and the accuracy of analytic methods used thus far to derive convincing evidence for the occurrence of present day hybridization is largely debated. | 2011 | 21281515 |
| comparative study of chromium biosorption by red, green and brown seaweed biomass. | dried biomass of the macroalgae fucus vesiculosus and fucus spiralis (brown), ulva spp. (comprising ulva linza, ulva compressa and ulva intestinalis) and ulva lactuca (green), palmaria palmata and polysiphonia lanosa (red) were studied in terms of their chromium biosorption performance. metal sorption was highly ph dependent with maximum cr(iii) and cr(vi) sorption occurring at ph 4.5 and ph 2, respectively. extended equilibrium times were required for cr(vi) binding over cr(iii) binding (180 an ... | 2008 | 17884133 |
| seasonal variations in nitrate reductase activity and internal n pools in intertidal brown algae are correlated with ambient nitrate concentrations. | nitrogen metabolism was examined in the intertidal seaweeds fucus vesiculosus, fucus serratus, fucus spiralis and laminaria digitata in a temperate irish sea lough. internal no(3) (-) storage, total n content and nitrate reductase activity (nra) were most affected by ambient no(3) (-), with highest values in winter, when ambient no(3) (-) was maximum, and declined with no(3) (-) during summer. in all species, nra was six times higher in winter than in summer, and was markedly higher in fucus spe ... | 2007 | 17470152 |
| cu(ii) binding by dried biomass of red, green and brown macroalgae. | dried biomass of the marine macroalgae fucus spiralis and fucus vesiculosus (brown), ulva spp. (comprising ulva linza, ulva compressa and ulva intestinalis) and ulva lactuca (green), palmaria palmata and polysiphonia lanosa (red) were studied in terms of their cu(ii) biosorption performance. this is the first study of its kind to compare cu(ii) uptake by these seaweeds in the south-east of ireland. potentiometric and conductimetric titrations revealed a variety of functionalities on the seaweed ... | 2007 | 17234234 |
| convergent adaptation to a marginal habitat by homoploid hybrids and polyploid ecads in the seaweed genus fucus. | hybridization and polyploidy are two major sources of genetic variability that can lead to adaptation in new habitats. most species of the brown algal genus fucus are found along wave-swept rocky shores of the northern hemisphere, but some species have adapted to brackish and salt marsh habitats. using five microsatellite loci and mtdna rflp, we characterize two populations of morphologically similar, muscoides-like fucus inhabiting salt marshes in iceland and ireland. the icelandic genotypes we ... | 2006 | 17148415 |
| longitudinal profiles of carbon dioxide fixation capacities in marine macroalgae. | fucus serratus l., fucus spiralis l., and fucus vesiculosus l. (fucales, phaeophyceae) as well as laminaria digitata (huds.) lamour., laminaria hyperborea (gunn.) fosl., and laminaria saccharina (l.) lamour. (laminariales, phaeophyceae) have been investigated for the distribution of enzymic co(2) fixation capacities via phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ec 4.1.1.32) (pep-ck) and via ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (ec 4.1.1.39) (rubp-c) in different regions of the thalli. the maximum of p ... | 1978 | 16660467 |
| reciprocal transplants support a plasticity-first scenario during colonisation of a large hyposaline basin by a marine macro alga. | establishing populations in ecologically marginal habitats may require substantial phenotypic changes that come about through phenotypic plasticity, local adaptation, or both. west-eberhard's "plasticity-first" model suggests that plasticity allows for rapid colonisation of a new environment, followed by directional selection that develops local adaptation. two predictions from this model are that (i) individuals of the original population have high enough plasticity to survive and reproduce in ... | 2017 | 28381278 |
| effects of fucoidans and heparin on reactions of neutrophils induced by il-8 and c5a. | fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides (fucoidans) from brown algae exhibit anti-inflammatory activity in vivo, however, there is only limited knowledge about their mode of action. potential targets may be the chemokine interleukin 8 (il-8) and the anaphylatoxin c5a, as they are closely linked to inflammatory processes. in this study, two fucoidans from saccharina latissima and fucus vesiculosus, and unfractionated heparin (ufh) were examined for their binding properties to il-8 and c5a and ... | 2017 | 28363573 |
| diffusion or advection? mass transfer and complex boundary layer landscapes of the brown alga fucus vesiculosus. | the role of hyaline hairs on the thallus of brown algae in the genus fucus is long debated and several functions have been proposed. we used a novel motorized set-up for two-dimensional and three-dimensional mapping with o2 microsensors to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of the diffusive boundary layer (dbl) and o2 flux around single and multiple tufts of hyaline hairs on the thallus of fucus vesiculosus. flow was a major determinant of dbl thickness, where higher flow decreased dbl thickn ... | 2017 | 28330986 |
| warming has stronger direct than indirect effects on benthic microalgae in a seaweed system in spring. | using outdoor mesocosms we investigated the relative importance of the direct and indirect (here: altered grazing) effects of seawater warming on benthic microalgae in a baltic sea fucus vesiculosus (phaeophyceae) system during the spring season. seawater warming had a positive main effect on microalgal total biomass accrual and growth rate and on total mesograzer abundance and biomass. moreover, under the existing resource-replete conditions in spring the direct positive effect of warming on mi ... | 2017 | 28316345 |
| the phytocomplex from fucus vesiculosus and ascophyllum nodosum controls postprandial plasma glucose levels: an in vitro and in vivo study in a mouse model of nash. | edible seaweeds have been consumed by asian coastal communities since ancient times. fucus vesiculosus and ascophyllum nodosum extracts have been traditionally used for the treatment of obesity and several gastrointestinal diseases. we evaluated the ability of extracts obtained from these algae to inhibit the digestive enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase in vitro, and control postprandial plasma glucose levels in a mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (nash); a liver disease often preced ... | 2017 | 28212301 |
| epiphytic bacterial communities of the alga fucus vesiculosus in oil-contaminated water areas of the barents sea. | taxonomic compositions of epiphytic bacterial communities in water areas differing in levels of oil pollution were revealed. in total, 82 bacterial genera belonging to 16 classes and 11 phyla were detected. all detected representatives of epiphytic bacterial communities belonged to the phyla actinobacteria, bacteroidetes, planctomycetes, proteobacteria, verrucomicrobia, acidobacteria, cyanobacteria, firmicutes, and fusobacteria and candidate division tm7. the ratio of the phyla in the communitie ... | 2016 | 28058599 |