| [the epidemiology of chagas' disease in a rural area of the city of teresina, piauí, brazil]. | in the rural areas of teresina, 129 triatomines were captured distributed in (a) artificial ecotopes; a house with one triatoma brasiliensis, one panstrongylus geniculatus, rhodnius pictipes, and one rhodnius prolixus and in a uninhabited chicken house (7 rhodnius nasutus). (b) natural ecotopes; pahus orbignya martiana (41 rhodnius neglectus, 33 rhodnius prolixus and 41 rhodnius nasutus) and copernicia cerifera (3 rhodnius neglectus). the 22.6% of captured triatomines were infected by flagellate ... | 1992 | 1308066 |
| coccidia of brazilian mammals: eimeria marajoensis n. sp. (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) from the anteater, tamandua tetradactyla (xenarthra: myrmecophagidae). | feces from a juvenile specimen of the anteater tamandua tetradactyla from ponta de pedras, marajó, pará, northern brazil, contained three different coccidial oocysts: eimeria tamanduae lainson, 1968; e. corticulata lainson & shaw, 1990; and a third species previously unrecorded and described here as eimeria marajoensis n. sp. oocysts of the latter parasite are spherical to subspherical, 13.9 +/- 1.5 x 13.4 +/- 1.4 (11.1-16.5 x 11.1-16.5) microns, shape index (length/width) 1.0 (1.0-1.2). the ooc ... | 1991 | 1997674 |
| coccidia of brazilian mammals: eimeria corticulata n. sp. (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) from the anteater tamandua tetradactyla (xenarthra: myrmecophagidae) and eimeria zygodontomyis n. sp. from the cane mouse zygodontomys lasiurus (rodentia: cricetidae). | feces from a specimen of tamandua tetradactyla (linn.) from portel, pará state, north brazil, contained two different coccidial oocysts; one identified as eimeria tamanduae lainson 1968, and the other as a new species, described here as eimeria corticulata n. sp. oocysts of e. corticulata are ellipsoidal, 37.4 x 30.4 (31.2-43.7 x 23.7-35.0) microns, shape index (length/width) 1.2 (1.0-1.5). oocyst wall 2.5-3.7 microns thick and composed of two layers; an outer thick, brown-yellow one with radial ... | 1990 | 2406431 |
| acanthocefalan eggs in animal coprolites from archaeological sites from brazil. | an important point in paleoparasitology is the correct diagnosis of the origin of coprolites found in archaeological sites. the identification of human and animal coprolites, through the study of the shape, size, characteristics after rehydration, alimentary contents, and the presence of parasites, has proved to be accurate for human coprolites. for non-human ones we compared coprolites with recent faeces of animals collected near the archaeological sites, following the methodology above mention ... | 1989 | 2635750 |
| identification, using isoenzyme electrophoresis and monoclonal antibodies, of leishmania isolated from humans and wild animals of ecuador. | six strains of leishmania isolated from wild mammals and humans on the pacific coast of ecuador were identified by isoenzyme electrophoresis and by their reactivity patterns to a cross-panel of specific monoclonal antibodies using a radioimmune binding assay. single isolates from sciurus vulgaris, potos flavus, and tamandua tetradactyla were identified as leishmania amazonensis. three other strains, isolated from cutaneous lesions of humans, were identified as leishmania panamensis. | 1989 | 2919726 |
| nuclear configuration of the diencephalon of tamandua tetradactyla and myrmecophaga jubata. | | 1966 | 4961485 |
| the skin of the lesser anteater (tamandua tetradactyla). | | 1966 | 5930719 |
| vertebrate hosts and vectors of trypanosoma rangeli in the amazon basin of brazil. | a total of 46 trypanosoma rangeli stocks were isolated from naturally infected mammals and triatomine vectors. twenty-two stocks were from the common opossum (didelphis marsupialis), one from the brown "4-eyed" opossum (metachirus nudicaudatus), one from the anteater (tamandua tetradactyla), one from the coati (nasua nasua), seven from rhodnius pictipes and 14 from rhodnius robustus. two stocks were also isolated from recently fed sandflies (lutzomyia sp., shannoni group). the stocks were identi ... | 1983 | 6418015 |
| leishmaniasis in brazil: xvi. isolation and identification of leishmania species from sandflies, wild mammals and man in north para state, with particular reference to l. braziliensis guyanensis causative agent of "pian-bois". | a total of 125 wild mammals (14 different species) were examined for evidence of infection with leishmania in an area of primary forest highly endemic for "pian-bois", due to leishmania braziliensis guyanensis, in north pará state, brazil. parasites isolated were characterized biologically, and biochemically on enzymic profiles. l. b. guyanensis was isolated from the viscera of one lesser anteater (tamandua tetradactyla) and one opossum (didelphis marsupialis), and the skin of one rodent (proech ... | 1981 | 7324128 |
| clinical disorders observed in anteaters (myrmecophagidae, edentata) in captivity. | the major health problems found in 103 captive lesser anteaters (tamandua tetradactyla) and giant anteaters (myrmecophaga tridactyla), family myrmecophagidae, are presented and correlated with management. the most common of 200 recorded clinical disorders involved the digestive system (26%), nutritional deficiency (20%), injury (15.5%), respiratory system (10%), skin (7%) and circulatory system (4.5%), but 13% of the cases were inconclusive. parasites were identified in 48.5% of faecal samples, ... | 1995 | 8560755 |
| trypanosomatidae from wild mammals in the neotropical rainforest of french guiana. | the initial filling of the reservoir behind the petit saut hydro-electric dam, on the sinnamary river in french guiana, threatened the terrestrial and arboreal animals living in the neotropical rainforest being flooded. during a rescue programme between 24 october and 12 november in 1994, many of these animals were checked for infection with trypanosomatids. overall, 45 blood samples and 54 skin biopsies were collected from 53 mammals (of 13 species representing five orders) and blood samples we ... | 2001 | 11299122 |
| ticks (acari: ixodidae) on wild animals from the porto-primavera hydroelectric power station area, brazil. | from june 2000 to june 2001, a total of 741 ticks were collected from 51 free-living wild animals captured at the porto-primavera hydroelectric power station area, located alongside an approximately 180 km course of the paran river, between the states of s o paulo and mato grosso do sul, comprising 9 species of 3 genera: ambly-omma (7 species), boophilus (1) and anocentor (1). a total of 421 immature amblyomma ticks were reared in laboratory until the adult stage, allowing identification of the ... | 2003 | 12563479 |
| epidemiology of leishmaniasis in ecuador: current status of knowledge -- a review. | although leishmaniasis is regarded as a significant health problem in ecuador by the ministry of health, and the incidence has increased over the last years, an official map on the geographic distribution of disease and sand fly vectors or a control strategy do not exist yet. this article reviews the current situation based on published information to improve our knowledge and understand the epidemiological situation of leishmaniasis in ecuador in order to help future research and to develop a n ... | 2004 | 15654419 |
| the ancestral eutherian karyotype is present in xenarthra. | molecular studies have led recently to the proposal of a new super-ordinal arrangement of the 18 extant eutherian orders. from the four proposed super-orders, afrotheria and xenarthra were considered the most basal. chromosome-painting studies with human probes in these two mammalian groups are thus key in the quest to establish the ancestral eutherian karyotype. although a reasonable amount of chromosome-painting data with human probes have already been obtained for afrotheria, no xenarthra spe ... | 2006 | 16848642 |
| [presence of igm antibodies for leptospira interrogans in wild animals from tocantins state, 2002]. | four hundred and twenty-seven serum samples of wild animals were tested against 18 serovars of leptospira interrogans. of 286 samples of cebus apella, 46 (16.1%) were positive for the serovars pomona, brasiliensis, mini, swajizak, grippotyphosa, sarmin, fluminense, autumnalis, hebdomadis, guaratuba, javanica and icterohaemorrhagiae. of 82 samples of alouatta caraya, 2 (2.4%) were positive for the serovars mangus and fluminense. of 31 samples of nasua nasua, 4 (12.9%) were positive for the serova ... | 2006 | 16906258 |
| ticks on captive and free-living wild animals in northeastern brazil. | from 2005 to 2009, 147 ticks found on 32 wild animals from or referred to two zoobotanical parks (parque zoobotânico arruda câmara and parque estadual dois irmãos) located in northeastern brazil were identified. ticks found on two veterinarians working in one of the parks (i.e., parque estadual dois irmãos), after return from forested areas within the park's territory, were also identified. the following tick-host associations were recorded: amblyomma fuscum neumann on boa constrictor l.; amblyo ... | 2010 | 19693679 |
| importance of xenarthrans in the eco-epidemiology of paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | several pathogens that cause important zoonotic diseases have been frequently associated with armadillos and other xenarthrans. this mammal group typically has evolved on the south american continent and many of its extant species are seriously threatened with extinction. natural infection of armadillos with paracoccidioides brasiliensis in hyperendemic areas has provided a valuable opportunity for understanding the role of this mammal in the eco-epidemiology of paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm), one ... | 2009 | 19919716 |
| [diversity of wild and domestic mammal's intestinal helminths from the caatinga of the parque nacional serra da capivara, southeast of piauí, brazil]. | biodiversity studies allow ecosystem assessment and monitoring of environmental changes and impacts. parasite diversity could reflect the host/ parasite coevolutionary process and the environment changes that permit the loss, gain or maintenance of species. this survey used species/morphotypes of helminths eggs found in feces from seven wild mammal species (the groups dasypodidae and large cats, and tamandua tetradactyla, cebus apella, alouatta caraya, cerdocyon thous, pecari tajacu) and from tw ... | 2009 | 20040186 |
| tamandua tetradactyla linnaeus, 1758 (myrmecophagidae) and rhodnius robustus larrousse, 1927 (triatominae) infection focus by trypanosoma rangeli tejera, 1920 (trypanosomatidae) in attalea phalerata mart. ex spreng (arecaceae) palm tree in the brazilian amazon. | a sylvatic infection focus of trypanosoma rangeli, whose cycle involves the anteater tamandua tetradactyla and triatomine insect rhodnius robustus was observed in a pasture-dominated landscape of the rural riparian community of são tomé located along the tapajós river in the municipal district of aveiro (state of pará, brazil), the brazilian amazon region. during a field work campaign with the objective of chagas disease diagnosis in the tapajós region, an anteater and 31 triatomines were found ... | 2010 | 20619359 |
| ticks infesting wildlife species in northeastern brazil with new host and locality records. | from september 2008 to march 2010, 397 ticks (315 larvae, 33 nymphs, 23 females, and 26 males) were collected from captive and free-living wildlife species in northeastern brazil. six tick species were identified, including amblyomma auricularium (conil) on tamandua tetradactyla (l.), amblyomma dubitatum neumann on hydrochaeris hydrochaeris (l.), nectomys rattus (pelzen) and t. tetradactyla, amblyomma parvum aragão on t. tetradactyla, amblyomma rotundatum koch on boa constrictor l., chelonoidis ... | 2010 | 21175080 |
| Prevalence and multilocus genotyping of Giardia from animals at the zoo of Poznan, Poland. | In this study total of 266 fecal samples from 242 animals belonging to 113 species kept in the Poznan Zoological Garden were examined for Giardia. The cysts of Giardia were found only in five samples of feces collected from a giant toad (Bufo marinus), tamandua (Tamandua tetradactyla) and three individuals of cactus mouse (Peromyscus eremicus). Fragments of beta-giardin (bg), triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) and glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) genes were successfully amplified only from the Giardi ... | 2011 | 22165739 |
| rickettsial infection in ticks collected from road-killed wild animals in rio de janeiro, brazil. | during 2008-2010, ticks were collected from road-killed wild animals within the serra dos orgãos national park area in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil. in total, 193 tick specimens were collected, including amblyomma dubitatum neumann and amblyomma cajennense (f.) from four hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (l.), amblyomma calcaratum neumann and a. cajennense from four tamandua tetradactyla (l.), amblyomma aureolatum (pallas) and a. cajennense from five cerdocyon thous l., amblyomma longirostre (koc ... | 2012 | 23270184 |
| trypanosoma (megatrypanum) lainsoni n. sp. from mesomys hispidus (rodentia: echimyidae) in brazil: trypomastigotes described from experimentally infected laboratory mice. | we report the detection, isolation and description of trypanosoma (megatrypanum) lainsoni n. sp. from a caviomorph rodent, mesomys hispidus (rodentia: echimyidae), obtained in the rio negro region of the state of amazonas, in northern brazil. laboratory-bred white mice (mus musculus) and rats (rattus rattus) were inoculated with large numbers of culture forms by intraperitoneal route, and trypomastigotes appeared in their blood 3-8 days post-inoculation. one single epimastigote was also found in ... | 2013 | 24309069 |
| genetic characterization of toxoplasma gondii from brazilian wildlife revealed abundant new genotypes. | this study aimed to isolate and genotype t. gondii from brazilian wildlife. for this purpose, 226 samples were submitted to mice bioassay and screened by pcr based on 18s rrna sequences. a total of 15 t. gondii isolates were obtained, including samples from four armadillos (three dasypus novemcinctus, one euphractus sexcinctus), three collared anteaters (tamandua tetradactyla), three whited-lipped peccaries (tayassu pecari), one spotted paca (cuniculus paca), one oncilla (leopardus tigrinus), on ... | 2014 | 25426424 |
| molecular detection of leishmania spp. in road-killed wild mammals in the central western area of the state of são paulo, brazil. | road-killed wild animals have been classified as sentinels for detecting such zoonotic pathogens as leishmania spp., offering new opportunities for epidemiological studies of this infection. | 2014 | 24963288 |
| mixed infection in the anteater tamandua tetradactyla (mammalia: pilosa) from pará state, brazil: trypanosoma cruzi, t. rangeli and leishmania infantum. | some trypanosoma and leishmania species are multi-host parasites whose distribution overlaps in several parts of the brazilian amazon basin. despite being a common trait among wild mammals, mixed infections and their consequences for the host's health and parasite transmission are still a poorly known phenomenon. here we describe a triple mixed infection - trypanosoma cruzi, t. rangeli and leishmania infantum - in a bone marrow sample from an anteater tamandua tetradactyla captured in a house ba ... | 2013 | 23253893 |
| the first report of rickettsia spp. in amblyomma nodosum in the state of mato grosso do sul, brazil. | ticks are vectors of various pathogens, including rickettsia spp., which are responsible for causing an emerging disease of global significance. in the present study, an epidemiological survey was performed to identify rickettsia spp. of the spotted fever group (sfg) in ticks and wild hosts in a native forest adjacent to livestock farming activity. the ticks and blood were evaluated by a hemolymph test and by pcr using the primers cs78 and cs323, which target a partial sequence of the enzyme cit ... | 2013 | 23084365 |
| conjunctival bacterial flora, antibiogram, and lacrimal production tests of collared anteater (tamandua tetradactyla). | the collared anteater ( tamandua tetradactyla ) is adapted to a variety of habitats. it is a solitary species for which no reference values for ophthalmic tests have been established. eight animals ranging from 1 to 4 yr of age, two males and six females, were manually restrained for assessment. ophthalmic tests included evaluation of tear production by schirmer tear test 1 (stt1), endodontic absorbent paper point tear test (eapptt), palpebral fissure length (pfl), culture of the conjunctival ba ... | 2017 | 28363064 |
| validation of a poisson-distributed limiting dilution assay (lda) for a rapid and accurate resolution of multiclonal infections in natural trypanosoma cruzi populations. | trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of american trypanosomiasis, a complex zoonotic disease that affects more than 10million people in the americas. strains of this parasite possess a significant amount of genetic variability and hence can be divided into at least six discrete typing units (dtus). the life cycle of this protist suggests that multiclonal infections may emerge due to the likelihood of contact of triatomine insects with more than 100 mammal species. to date, there have been a ... | 2013 | 23159798 |
| medium- and large-sized mammals in a steppic savanna area of the brazilian pampa: survey and conservation issues of a poorly known fauna. | the wildlife of the brazilian pampa is threatened by large-scale habitat loss, due in particular to the expansion of soybean cultivation and the conversion of grasslands areas into extensive areas of silviculture. it is essential to study how the mammal fauna copes with the highly fragmented, human-influenced, non-protected landscape. our study presents the results of a survey of the large- and medium-sized mammals of a typical human-influenced steppic savanna area of the pampa biome. the survey ... | 2016 | 26909626 |
| medium- and large-sized mammals in a steppic savanna area of the brazilian pampa: survey and conservation issues of a poorly known fauna. | the wildlife of the brazilian pampa is threatened by large-scale habitat loss, due in particular to the expansion of soybean cultivation and the conversion of grasslands areas into extensive areas of silviculture. it is essential to study how the mammal fauna copes with the highly fragmented, human-influenced, non-protected landscape. our study presents the results of a survey of the large- and medium-sized mammals of a typical human-influenced steppic savanna area of the pampa biome. the survey ... | 2016 | 26840582 |
| environmentally associated ticks (acari: ixodidae) in campo grande, mato grosso do sul, brazil. | herein, we report tick species found on wild and domestic animals and in the environment during a one-year sampling period at the brazilian farming research company beef cattle unit (embrapa beef cattle), which is located within the urban area of campo grande, mato grosso do sul, brazil. from 55 wild hosts including six different species (nasua nasua, cebus spp., cerdocyon thous, myrmecophaga tridactyla, tamandua tetradactyla and dasyprocta aguti), 323 ticks were collected. amblyomma ovale ticks ... | 2013 | 24252958 |
| description of the larva of amblyomma calcaratum neumann, 1899 (acari: ixodidae) by light and scanning electron microscopy. | the larval stage of amblyomma calcaratum neumann is described using optical and scanning electron microscopy. unfed larvae were obtained from a colony of a. calcaratum originating from engorged females collected on tamandua tetradactyla in the jaraguá mountain (23°40's, 45°44'w), são paulo county, brazil. eleven larvae were prepared and mounted on slides and observed under a light microscope equipped with a drawing tube. three specimens were prepared for sem. several morphological characters are ... | 2013 | 24169118 |
| low rate of genomic repatterning in xenarthra inferred from chromosome painting data. | comparative cytogenetic studies on xenarthra, one of the most basal mammalian clades in the placentalia, are virtually absent, being restricted largely to descriptions of conventional karyotypes and diploid numbers. we present a molecular cytogenetic comparison of chromosomes from the two-toed (choloepus didactylus, 2n = 65) and three-toed sloth species (bradypus tridactylus, 2n = 52), an anteater (tamandua tetradactyla, 2n = 54) which, together with some data on the six-banded armadillo (euphra ... | 2005 | 16235115 |
| neocortical neuron types in xenarthra and afrotheria: implications for brain evolution in mammals. | interpreting the evolution of neuronal types in the cerebral cortex of mammals requires information from a diversity of species. however, there is currently a paucity of data from the xenarthra and afrotheria, two major phylogenetic groups that diverged close to the base of the eutherian mammal adaptive radiation. in this study, we used immunohistochemistry to examine the distribution and morphology of neocortical neurons stained for nonphosphorylated neurofilament protein, calbindin, calretinin ... | 2009 | 19011898 |
| chromosome studies in edentata. | the karyotypes of three additional species of edentata are described. the differences in karyotype between tolypeutes matacus (2n = 38), and other species of armadillo is remarkable. three species of euphractini were compared through g- and c-banding patterns. chaetophractus villosus appears to be much closer to zaedyus pichiy than suggested by taxonomy. on the other hand, tamandua tetradactyla and tamandua longicaudata, two different species of anteater, possess the same karyotypes. the presenc ... | 1978 | 679723 |
| [vertebrate mortality in the guanare-guanarito road, portuguesa state, venezuela]. | roads directly or indirectly affect the structure, dynamics and function of ecosystems that they traverse. most studies on the effect of roads on wildlife focus on the evaluation of mortality of vertebrates by vehicle collisions. despite the extensive road network that exists in venezuela, studies of wildlife mortality in them are scarce. in this paper, we analyzed the temporal and spatial pattern of vertebrate's collisions along the road guanare-guanarito, in portuguesa state. we travelled 26 t ... | 2013 | 24432523 |
| pelvic peritoneum in male armadillo and anteater (xenarthra, mammalia): a comparative survey. | the literature supports the hypothesis that the pelvic excavation is the bottom of the abdominal cavity, which is covered by the peritoneal serous membrane in order to promote visceral dynamics. we studied the peritoneum in eight specimens of xenarthra (euphractus sexcinctus, myrmecophaga tridactyla and tamandua tetradactyla). the animals were fixed in formaldehyde (10%). for description and analyzes of the pelvic peritoneum, dissection and photo documentation were performed. we saw that the par ... | 2013 | 23317367 |
| placentation in the anteaters myrmecophaga tridactyla and tamandua tetradactyla (eutheria, xenarthra). | since xenarthra are serious candidates for being basal to eutheria, their characteristics, e.g. the placental system, influence perceptions of evolution. however, in the subgroup containing the anteaters, data are very limited. the present study aims to elucidate the nature of the feto-maternal interface in the anteater placenta and to interpret these data within an evolutionary context. | 2012 | 23199198 |
| parasitological studies in british honduras. i. a parasite resembling trypanosoma (schizotrypanum) cruzi in the coati, nasua narica (carnivora, procyonidae), and a note on trypanosoma legeri from the ant-eater, tamandua tetradactyla (edentata). | | 1965 | 14297354 |
| rickettsia sp. strain nod infecting ticks ( amblyomma nodosum) in an endemic area of spotted fever in brazil. | amblyomma nodosum ticks were collected from one collared anteater ( tamandua tetradactyla) in the caatinga biome, brazil. from one sample, we isolated a rickettsia sp. that was phylogenetically close to rickettsia sp. strain nod, with 99.9, 100.0, and 99.8% identity for glta, htra, and ompa genes, respectively. | 2017 | 29261444 |
| ontogenetic criteria to distinguish vertebral types on the debated xenarthran synsacrum. | the presence of a synsacrum formed by the fusion of vertebrae that come into closed contact with the ilium and ischium is a feature that characterizes the clade xenarthra. nevertheless, the proper identity of each vertebral element that forms it is a matter of discussion. in this article, we provide ontogenetic information about skeletal ossification of the xenarthran synsacrum and define the position of the sacrocaudal limit within it. we analyzed the synsacrum of 25 specimens of nonadult and 1 ... | 2015 | 25503782 |
| morphology of the tongue of vermilingua (xenarthra: pilosa) and evolutionary considerations. | the tongue of anteaters (xenarthra, pilosa, vermilingua) is a highly specialized for myrmecophagy. here, we describe the topography and histology of the tongue, and compare it to that of other xenarthrans and other myrmecophagous eutherian mammals. the tongue of vermilingua is long and slender, with an apical protuberance, which differs between myrmecophagidae and cyclopes didactylus. in the former, the rostral region is conical, and in the latter, it is dorsoventrally compressed, as observed in ... | 2017 | 28643449 |
| serial ultrasound to estimate fetal growth curves in southern tamandua (tamandua tetradactyla). | from 2012 to 2015, 16 pregnancies were monitored by ultrasonography in nine tamanduas ( tamandua tetradactyla ) housed in three zoological facilities. sonographic measurements were recorded to establish fetal growth curves using thoracic and skull landmarks described for giant anteaters ( myrmecophaga tridactyla ). all pregnancies resulted in the uncomplicated delivery of healthy offspring, thus gestational development was considered normal. these data may be used as a reference for normal fetal ... | 2017 | 28749295 |
| spatial pattern of adaptive and neutral genetic diversity across different biomes in the lesser anteater (tamandua tetradactyla). | the genes of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) code for proteins involved in antigen recognition and activation of the adaptive immune response and are thought to be regulated by natural selection, especially due to pathogen-driven selective pressure. in this study, we investigated the spatial distribution of mhc class ii drb exon 2 gene diversity of the lesser anteater (tamandua tetradactyla) across five brazilian biomes using next-generation sequencing and compared the mhc pattern wit ... | 2015 | 26640672 |
| a successful transfusion in a tamandua (tamandua tetradactyla) using both whole blood and blood replacement products. | a 10-yr-old tamandua (tamandua tetradactyla) presented with severe lethargy and ataxia. severe anemia (9% hematocrit) was diagnosed and ultimately resolved with the administration of a whole blood transfusion from conspecific and additional blood replacement products (oxyglobin). this is the first described use of a whole blood transfusion in an edentate. | 2015 | 25831593 |
| historical and non-invasive samples: a study case of genotyping errors in newly isolated microsatellites for the lesser anteater (tamandua tetradactyla l., pilosa). | tamandua tetradactyla (pilosa), the lesser anteater, is a medium-size mammal from south america. its wide distribution through different landscapes, solitary and nocturnal habits, and the difficulty to capture and contain specimens limit the amount of individuals and populations sampled during fieldworks. these features along with the lack of specific molecular markers for the lesser anteater might be the causes for paucity in population genetic studies for the species. historical samples from m ... | 2014 | 24345284 |
| assessment of adrenocortical activity and behavior of the collared anteater (tamandua tetradactyla) in response to food-based environmental enrichment. | one of the current standard approaches to the study of animal welfare is measuring hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity, frequently in association with behavioral assessment. we studied the effects of food-based environmental enrichment on adrenocortical activity and behavior in zoo-housed collared anteaters (tamandua tetradactyla; n = 5). we successfully validated measurements of fecal cortisol metabolites (fcms) using an 11-oxoetiocholanolone enzyme immunoassay by stimulating (acth injectio ... | 2013 | 24307059 |
| distribution of arterial supply to the large intestine in the anteater (tamandua tetradactyla). | the blood supply in the large intestine of seven specimens of the lesser anteater, tamandua tetradactyla, studied. the method included preparation of the macroscopic collection report, perfusion of the arterial network with water, injection of colored latex, fixation in formaldehyde, and preservation in ethanol. for our description and analyses, we performed dissections under mesoscopic light and made photo documentation of our observations. the large intestine of t. tetradactyla is irrigated by ... | 2013 | 23915161 |
| leptospira and brucella antibodies in collared anteaters (tamandua tetradactyla) in brazilian zoos. | the presence of leptospira spp. and brucella spp. antibodies was investigated in serum samples from 28 collared anteaters (tamandua tetradactyla) kept in seven brazilian zoos. sera were tested against 19 leptospira serovars using microscopic agglutination. samples reacted to the following serovars: two (7.14%) to patoc, three (10.71%) to tarrasovi, three (10.71%) to both patoc and tarrasovi, two (7.14%) to wolffi, and one (3.57%) to australis. two (7.14%) samples reacted to the buffered brucella ... | 2012 | 23272339 |
| anatomy and histology of the male reproductive tract and spermatogenesis fine structure in the lesser anteater (tamandua tetradactyla, myrmecophagidae, xenarthra): morphological evidences of reproductive functions. | the anatomy and histology of the male genital tract of the lesser anteater were studied. fine details of spermatozoa regarding their genesis and morphology were also studied in six adult specimens. the testes lie in the pelvic cavity. the deferent duct emerges from the epididymis and opens into the ejaculatory duct, which drains into the membranous urethra. accessory glands (prostate, seminal vesicle and bulbourethral gland) are histologically similar to those described in other mammals. the sho ... | 2013 | 23072214 |
| female reproductive tract of the lesser anteater (tamandua tetradactyla, myrmecophagidae, xenarthra). anatomy and histology. | the morphological and histological features of the unusual reproductive tract of the female lesser anteater, tamandua tetradactyla (myrmecophagidae, xenarthra), are described for the first time. the present study aimed to establish the main similarities and differences between this species and other xenarthrans. the populations of this species are declining rapidly for a number of reasons and our study is relevant to diverse programs related to its conservation. studies were carried out on five ... | 2011 | 21732404 |
| relationship between gonadal steroid hormones and vulvar bleeding in southern tamandua, tamandua tetradactyla. | this study aimed at demonstrating the profiles of circulating gonadal steroid hormones during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in a southern tamandua (tamandua tetradactyla). additionally, this study clarified the relationship between vulvar bleeding and hormonal changes. the concentrations of serum progesterone (p(4)) and estradiol-17β (e(2)) were determined by enzyme immunoassays. serum p(4) and e(2) concentrations changed cyclically and the estrous cycle length (± sd) based on the e(2) cycles ... | 2013 | 21462248 |
| immobilization of wild collared anteaters with ketamine- and xylazine-hydrochloride. | collared anteaters (tamandua tetradactyla) were immobilized for clinical procedures as part of a wildlife rescue during the filling of a hydroelectric dam (petit saut, french guiana) from march 1994 to march 1995. two doses of ketamine hydrochloride (kh) (group i mean +/- sd = 11.2 +/- 1.4 mg/kg, group ii = 19.7 +/- 1.3 mg/kg) in combination with xylazine hydrochloride (xh) (1.0 +/- 0.1 mg/kg) were evaluated in seven and 10 collared anteaters, respectively. induction time did not differ between ... | 1997 | 9391964 |
| the bronchial tree and pulmonary artery of the tamandua (tamandua tetradactyla) lung--an important example supporting the fundamental scheme for the bronchial ramification of the mammalian lung. | the lungs of a tamandua were examined on the basis of the scheme proposed for the fundamental structure of the bronchial ramification of the mammalian lung. the right lung has the dorsal, lateral, medial and ventral bronchiole systems, whereas the left lung has the dorsal, lateral and medial bronchiole systems. three kinds of upper lobe bronchioles and a middle lobe bronchiole are present on both sides. in addition, the right lung has an accessory lobe bronchiole. the remaining bronchioles const ... | 1996 | 8935837 |
| [wounds inflicted by two types of anteaters (mirmecophaga tridactyla and tamandua tetradactyla)]. | | 2004 | 5753563 |
| trypanosomes of the lesser anteater, tamandua tetradactyla, from panama. | | 1967 | 6062081 |
| a histochemical study of the paneth cells of the tamandua tetradactyla (edentata, mammalia). | | 1965 | 4159316 |
| preliminary observations of the paneth cells of the tamandua tetradactyla lin. | | 1959 | 13808344 |
| on the cerebral motor cortex of the ant-eater (tamandua tetradactyla l.) preliminary report. | | 1945 | 21009535 |
| the reservoir system for trypanosoma (kinetoplastida, trypanosomatidae) species in large neotropical wetland. | distinct species of trypanosoma have been documented sharing the same hosts in different environments in intricate transmission networks. knowing this, this study investigated the role of different hosts in the transmission cycles of trypanosoma species in the pantanal biome. the mammals were sampled from november 2015 to october 2016. we sampled a total of 272 wild mammals from 27 species belonging to six orders and 15 families, and three species of triatomines (n = 7). we found high parasitemi ... | 2019 | 31356788 |
| epidemiological study of ticks collected from the northern tamandua (tamandua mexicana) and a literature review of ticks of myrmecophagidae anteaters. | the family myrmecophagidae contains three anteater species: tamandua mexicana (saussure, 1860), tamandua tetradactyla (linnaeus, 1758) and myrmecophaga tridactyla (linnaeus, 1758). these american anteater species currently face many conservation threats, among which road traffic accidents stand out. parasitic studies on this family are scarce, and some of them include records of ectoparasites. specifically for northern tamandua (t. mexicana), there is a lack of studies at population level. the o ... | 2019 | 31231044 |
| anatomical description of the aortic arch of a rare species "the giant armadillo" (priodontes maximus; kerr, 1792). | the giant armadillo (priodontes maximus) is found in diverse habitats from south america. a female adult giant armadillo with a body mass of 45 kg was used. the animal was a victim of trampling on highway ac-40, at 70 km, near the municipality of capixaba-acre and the corpse donated to the animal anatomy laboratory at federal university of acre (ufac). the arterial system was filled with natural latex via the thoracic aorta in a direction opposite the blood flow to facilitate the description of ... | 2020 | 31063200 |
| vertical stratification of sand fly diversity in relation to natural infections of leishmania sp. and blood-meal sources in jamari national forest, rondônia state, brazil. | almost 1000 cases of american cutaneous leishmaniasis have been registered yearly in rondônia state, brazil. little is known about the leishmania transmission cycle (vectors and reservoirs) in the state. this study aimed to evaluate sand fly fauna from two vertical stratification layers in order to identify potential vectors and their blood-meal sources. | 2020 | 32807221 |
| multivariate analyses of the activity pattern and behavior of the lesser anteater on open and closed days at córdoba zoo, argentina. | the human factor is one of the major determinants of animal welfare in zoos. assessing changes in activity patterns, behavior and space use due to human presence might help understanding visitors' influence on these animal welfare indicators. in córdoba (argentina), we assessed the activity pattern and behavior of tamandua tetradactyla (lesser anteaters; n = 5) during natural light/dark phases and the animals' use of space. we analyzed responses of lesser anteaters to humans in days open to the ... | 2020 | 32723195 |
| leptospira interrogans infection of southern tamanduas (tamandua tetradactyla, linnaeus, 1758) in brazil. | leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of global importance caused by an obligate aerobic spirochaete that infects a wide variety of domestic and wild animals. natural hosts are asymptomatic or show moderate signs of the disease. accidental hosts develop a severe, often lethal, form of the disease. all young southern tamanduas died suddenly at the zoo in the city of joão pessoa, brazil. the animals were found dead without any noticeable clinical signs. necropsy revealed extensive haemorrhage in the ... | 2020 | 32078251 |
| diversity, natural infection and blood meal sources of phlebotomine sandflies (diptera, psychodidae) in the western brazilian amazon. | the state of rondônia (ro) is a hot spot for human cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis. many sandfly species in ro are putative vectors of leishmaniasis. | 2019 | 31365633 |
| amblyomma nodosum neumann, 1889 on collared anteaters (tamandua tetradactyla) from the andean region of colombia. | amblyomma nodosum is a neotropical tick species distributed from mexico to argentina, with adult individuals infesting different mammal species, including anteaters (pilosa: myrmecophagidae). few reports in colombia have recorded this species in departments such as meta, tolima and valle del cauca. in this paper we describe this species using taxonomic, morphometric and molecular methods after collecting individuals parasitizing collared anteaters (tamandua tetradactyla) in the departments of cu ... | 2020 | 33084782 |
| visitors' perceptions of zoo-housed lesser anteater (tamandua tetradactyla) welfare: observation plays a larger role than a brief informative talk. | there is a growing ethical concern in modern society about animals' quality of life. we hypothesize that zoo visitors' perception of zoo animal welfare, particularly in the case of lesser anteaters, changes positively after listening to scientific information. visitors observing active lesser anteaters in their enclosures at córdoba zoo (argentina) were asked to respond to a questionnaire about animal welfare. the treatment group (t) answered the questionnaire after listening to a brief informat ... | 2020 | 33038283 |
| comparative masticatory myology in anteaters and its implications for interpreting morphological convergence in myrmecophagous placentals. | ecological adaptations of mammals are reflected in the morphological diversity of their feeding apparatus, which includes differences in tooth crown morphologies, variation in snout size, or changes in muscles of the feeding apparatus. the adaptability of their feeding apparatus allowed them to optimize resource exploitation in a wide range of habitats. the combination of computer-assisted x-ray microtomography (µ-ct) with contrast-enhancing staining protocols has bolstered the reconstruction of ... | 2020 | 32983632 |
| fecal progesterone and estrogen metabolite monitoring for cyclicity and pregnancy in southern tamandua (tamandua tetradactyla). | reproductive management of the southern tamandua (tamandua tetradactyla) should include timed introductions for breeding to minimize aggression and pregnancy monitoring. since serial blood sampling could cause unnecessary stress, and urinary progesterone metabolites are found in very low concentrations, this study sought to validate progesterone and estradiol enzyme immunoassays for measuring fecal progesterone metabolite (fpm) and fecal estrogen metabolite (fem) concentrations in two females. p ... | 2020 | 32274863 |
| multi-locus sequencing reveals a novel bartonella in mammals from the superorder xenarthra. | the superorder xenarthra consists of sloths, anteaters and armadillos, mammals originated from south america and currently distributed from the south of north america to the south of south america. the present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and genetic diversity of bartonella spp. in blood and spleen samples from free-living xenarthra mammals in the states of são paulo (sp), mato grosso do sul (ms), rondônia (ro) and pará (pa). based on a quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) assay, a bar ... | 2020 | 32162470 |
| external and digestive system morphology of the tamandua tetradactyla. | collared anteater is present throughout the brazilian territory, but its morphology is little known. this study aimed to trace its external biometric profile and its digestive system. six cadavers (4 ± 0.16 kg) from paraíba, brazil, were used. the thoracic limbs were more robust when compared to pelvic. the length of the tail is below that described in specimens from south-eastern brazil, probably due to the greater use of the tail suspension function in the leafier forests in this region. the t ... | 2020 | 31568616 |
| characterization and correlations of behavioral and adrenocortical activities of zoo-housed lesser anteaters (tamandua tetradactyla). | we characterized behavioral and adrenocortical activities of tamandua tetradactyla under human care driven by the hypothesis that they vary between males and females. we also assessed the potential association between natural or abnormal behaviors and adrenocortical activity. we kept females and males t. tetradactyla in individual, contiguous enclosures at córdoba zoo (argentina), under natural photoperiod and temperature. during 29 consecutive days we monitored the animals' behavior by recordin ... | 2019 | 31173396 |
| pathology in the appendicular bones of southern tamandua, tamandua tetradactyla (xenarthra, pilosa): injuries to the locomotor system and first case report of osteomyelitis in anteaters. | the southern tamandua, tamandua tetradactyla (linnaeus, 1758), is the most common species of anteater. even though much is known about its ecology, behavior, and parasites, there is very limited information about bone diseases in tamandua and other anteaters. here, we examined postcranial skeletons of 64 t. tetradactyla museum specimens covering most of the material available in brazilian collections. | 2019 | 31023313 |
| inhibitory action of thymol on fecal microbial activity in tamandua tetradactyla and its effect on glucocorticoid metabolite measurement. | faecal glucocorticoid measurement is a potentially important tool for improving wildlife conservation, but its use is still limited by methodological issues including the need to avoid modifications of steroids by faecal microorganisms during storage. the freezing of faeces is recommended as a means of avoiding such alterations, but this is costly under non-controlled environmental conditions. the present study was designed to determine whether the application of thymol reduced the proliferation ... | 2019 | 31002827 |
| the lesser anteater (tamandua tetradactyla) is not tetradactyla, but pentadactyla. | the name of the species tetradactyla means "four digits." in the literature, the hand of the lesser anteater (tamandua tetradactyla) is described as having four digits (i, ii, iii and iv) with the absence of a fifth digit. the purpose of this study was to carry out an update adequately proposing an anatomical description of the t. tetradactyla hand. the present findings were analysed on the validation of morse's law for this species. in total, seven male cadavers were radiographed and dissected. ... | 2019 | 30730072 |
| ticks and rickettsia on anteaters from southeast and central-west brazil. | the giant anteater (myrmecophaga tridactyla) and the collared anteater (tamandua tetradactyla) are widespread in brazil and found in all brazilian biomes. these hosts frequently use domestic animal environments such as pastures, where tick and related microorganism interchange may occur between hosts. reports of tick infestations of these animals are scattered and refer to small samples and/or are geographically restricted. we herein present data on a wide geographic distribution of ticks and th ... | 2019 | 30709660 |
| single- or pair-housed: which is better for captive southern tamanduas? | the captive environment can limit some important behavioral options for nonhuman animals, which often results in decreased welfare. the companion of a conspecific can be a source of complexity in captivity, but this aspect has received little attention for solitary species. this study investigated the effects of two different housing conditions on the behavior of a solitary species, the southern tamandua (tamandua tetradactyla). six individuals housed singly and four housed in pairs in two brazi ... | 2019 | 30139275 |
| canine distemper virus active infection in order pilosa, family myrmecophagidae, species tamandua tetradactyla. | canine distemper virus (cdv) is a highly contagious disease pathogen which causes disease in the domestic dog and species classified in the canidae, procyonidae, mustelidae, hyaenidae, ursidae, viveridae, felidae, tayassuidae, and cercopithecidae families. a combined strategy that involved the direct sequencing of amplicons from genes coding for nucleocapsid, large polymerase, and hemagglutinin proteins of cdv, as well as the pathological findings and the immunohistochemical detection of viral n ... | 2018 | 29885804 |
| morphology of the diaphragm muscle in southern tamandua (tamandua tetradactyla) and its importance in cases of traumatic hernia. | the wall of the diaphragm can be affected by changes caused by physical trauma, allowing the passage of viscera between the abdominal cavity and thoracic cavity, thus reducing the space for pulmonary expansion, leading to the formation of hernia and possible death. thus, we aimed to characterize, size and determine the topography of the diaphragmatic muscle in the southern tamandua, since clinical and surgical activities in wild animals have become a reality more and more present in veterinary m ... | 2019 | 29668804 |