| genetic diversity and population structure of plasmodium falciparum in thailand, a low transmission country. | the population structure of the causative agents of human malaria, plasmodium sp., including the most serious agent plasmodium falciparum, depends on the local epidemiological and demographic situations, such as the incidence of infected people, the vector transmission intensity and migration of inhabitants (i.e. exchange between sites). analysing the structure of p. falciparum populations at a large scale, such as continents, or with markers that are subject to non-neutral selection, can lead t ... | 2009 | 19602241 |
| battling malaria iceberg incorporating strategic reforms in achieving millennium development goals & malaria elimination in india. | malaria control in india has occupied high priority in health sector consuming major resources of the central and state governments. several new initiatives were launched from time to time supported by foreign aids but malaria situation has remained static and worsened in years of good rainfall. at times malaria relented temporarily but returned with vengeance at the local, regional and national level, becoming more resilient by acquiring resistance in the vectors and the parasites. national dev ... | 2012 | 23391787 |
| review of insecticide resistance and behavioral avoidance of vectors of human diseases in thailand. | physiological resistance and behavioral responses of mosquito vectors to insecticides are critical aspects of the chemical-based disease control equation. the complex interaction between lethal, sub-lethal and excitation/repellent ('excito-repellent') properties of chemicals is typically overlooked in vector management and control programs. the development of "physiological" resistance, metabolic and/or target site modifications, to insecticides has been well documented in many insect groups and ... | 2013 | 24294938 |
| mitochondrial dna variation in the malaria vector anopheles minimus across china, thailand and vietnam: evolutionary hypothesis, population structure and population history. | the effects of pleistocene environmental fluctuations on the distribution and diversity of organisms in southeast asia are much less well known than in europe and north america. in these regions, the combination of palaeoenvironmental reconstruction and inferences about population history from genetic data has been very powerful. in southeast asia, mosquitoes are good candidates for the genetic approach, with the added benefit that understanding the relative contributions of historical and curre ... | 2010 | 20517346 |
| genetic population structure of the malaria vector anopheles baimaii in north-east india using mitochondrial dna. | anopheles baimaii is a primary vector of human malaria in the forest settings of southeast asia including the north-eastern region of india. here, the genetic population structure and the basic population genetic parameters of an. baimaii in north-east india were estimated using dna sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase sub unit ii (coii) gene. | 2012 | 22429500 |
| malaria ecology along the thailand-myanmar border. | malaria in southeast asia frequently clusters along international borders. for example, while most of thailand is malaria free, the border region shared with myanmar continues to have endemic malaria. this spatial pattern is the result of complex interactions between landscape, humans, mosquito vectors, and malaria parasites. an understanding of these complex ecological and socio-cultural interactions is important for designing and implementing malaria elimination efforts in the region. this art ... | 2015 | 26437860 |
| seasonal abundance of anopheles mosquitoes and their association with meteorological factors and malaria incidence in bangladesh. | the relationship between climatic factors and mosquito abundance is very important to determine parasite activity levels and, therefore, disease risk. therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the seasonal abundance of anophelines and their association with meteorological variables and disease transmission in two malaria endemic areas of bangladesh. | 2014 | 25233890 |
| late pleistocene environmental changes lead to unstable demography and population divergence of anopheles albimanus in the northern neotropics. | we investigated the historical demography of anopheles albimanus using mosquitoes from five countries and three different dna regions, the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit i gene (coi), the single copy nuclear white gene and the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer two (its2). all the molecular markers supported the taxonomic status of a single species of an. albimanus. furthermore, agreement between the coi and the white genes suggested a scenario of pleistocene geographic fragmentatio ... | 2010 | 20888924 |
| socio-demographic factors influencing knowledge, attitude and practice (kap) regarding malaria in bangladesh. | a clear understanding of the social and behavioral risk factors, and knowledge gaps, related to exposure to malaria are essential when developing guidelines and recommendations for more effective disease prevention in many malaria endemic areas of the world including bangladesh and elsewhere in the south east asia. to-date, the level of knowledge that human populations, residing in moderate to high malaria risk zones, have with respect to the basic pathogen transmission dynamics, risk factors fo ... | 2012 | 23253186 |
| the practice of jhum cultivation and its relationship to plasmodium falciparum infection in the chittagong hill districts of bangladesh. | malaria is endemic in the chittagong hill districts of southeastern bangladesh. previous epidemiological analyses identified the agricultural practice of jhum cultivation as a potential risk factor for malaria infection. we conducted qualitative interviews with jhum cultivators and surveillance workers to describe jhum cultivation and used demographic and malaria surveillance in two study unions from may of 2010 to august of 2012 to better understand the relationship between jhum cultivation and ... | 2014 | 24821843 |
| linkage disequilibrium network analysis (ldna) gives a global view of chromosomal inversions, local adaptation and geographic structure. | recent advances in sequencing allow population-genomic data to be generated for virtually any species. however, approaches to analyse such data lag behind the ability to generate it, particularly in nonmodel species. linkage disequilibrium (ld, the nonrandom association of alleles from different loci) is a highly sensitive indicator of many evolutionary phenomena including chromosomal inversions, local adaptation and geographical structure. here, we present linkage disequilibrium network analysi ... | 2015 | 25573196 |
| partial mitochondrial dna sequences suggest the existence of a cryptic species within the leucosphyrus group of the genus anopheles (diptera: culicidae), forest malaria vectors, in northern vietnam. | during the last decade, southeast asian countries have been very successful in reducing the burden of malaria. however, malaria remains endemic in these countries, especially in remote and forested areas. the leucosphyrus group of the genus anopheles harbors the most important malaria vectors in forested areas of southeast asia. in vietnam, previous molecular studies have resulted in the identification of only anopheles dirus sensu stricto (previously known as an. dirus species a) among the leuc ... | 2010 | 20433694 |
| species diversity and biting activity of anopheles dirus and anopheles baimaii (diptera: culicidae) in a malaria prone area of western thailand. | a survey of adult anopheline mosquito diversities, collected from september 2009 to august 2010, was conducted in a malaria endemic area of western thailand. two anopheline species complexes, dirus and minimus, along with the maculatus group were observed. of several species documented from within each complex and group, four important malaria vectors were identified, including an. dirus, an. baimaii, an. minimus, and an. sawadwongporni. information on biting activity and host preference for any ... | 2012 | 23009133 |
| predicted distribution of major malaria vectors belonging to the anopheles dirus complex in asia: ecological niche and environmental influences. | methods derived from ecological niche modeling allow to define species distribution based on presence-only data. this is particularly useful to develop models from literature records such as available for the anopheles dirus complex, a major group of malaria mosquito vectors in asia. this research defines an innovative modeling design based on presence-only model and hierarchical framework to define the distribution of the complex and attempt to delineate sibling species distribution and environ ... | 2012 | 23226292 |
| malaria transmission in tripura: disease distribution & determinants. | malaria is a major public health problem in tripura and focal disease outbreaks are of frequent occurrence. the state is co-endemic for both plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax and transmission is perennial and persistent. the present study was aimed to review data on disease distribution to prioritize high-risk districts, and to study seasonal prevalence of disease vectors and their bionomical characteristics to help formulate vector species-specific interventions for malaria control. | 0 | 26905237 |
| entomological monitoring and evaluation: diverse transmission settings of icemr projects will require local and regional malaria elimination strategies. | the unprecedented global efforts for malaria elimination in the past decade have resulted in altered vectorial systems, vector behaviors, and bionomics. these changes combined with increasingly evident heterogeneities in malaria transmission require innovative vector control strategies in addition to the established practices of long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying. integrated vector management will require focal and tailored vector control to achieve malaria elimination. ... | 2015 | 26259942 |
| an experimental hut evaluation of olyset plus, a long-lasting insecticidal net treated with a mixture of permethrin and piperonyl butoxide, against anopheles fluviatilis in odisha state, india. | fast development of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors prompted the development of new vector control tools including combination of insecticides with different modes of action as part of resistance management strategies. olyset plus® is a new long-lasting insecticidal net, in which, permethrin and a synergist, piperonyl butoxide (pbo), are incorporated into filaments. mixture nets such as this may have application against resistant mosquitoes, particularly those whose resistance is based ... | 2016 | 27439398 |
| anopheles subpictus carry human malaria parasites in an urban area of western india and may facilitate perennial malaria transmission. | india contributes 1.5-2 million annual confirmed cases of malaria. since both parasites and vectors are evolving rapidly, updated information on parasite prevalence in mosquitoes is important for vector management and disease control. possible new vector-parasite interactions in goa, india were tested. | 2016 | 26919828 |
| an e-mail interview with dr. j. mahanta. | | 2012 | 23767013 |
| real-time pcr assay and rapid diagnostic tests for the diagnosis of clinically suspected malaria patients in bangladesh. | abstract: | 2011 | 21703009 |
| malaria in the greater mekong subregion: heterogeneity and complexity. | the greater mekong subregion (gms), comprised of six countries including cambodia, china's yunnan province, lao pdr, myanmar (burma), thailand and vietnam, is one of the most threatening foci of malaria. since the initiation of the who's mekong malaria program a decade ago, malaria situation in the gms has greatly improved, reflected in the continuous decline in annual malaria incidence and deaths. however, as many nations are moving towards malaria elimination, the gms nations still face great ... | 2011 | 21382335 |
| persistent transmission of malaria in garo hills of meghalaya bordering bangladesh, north-east india. | malaria is endemic in garo hills of meghalaya, and death cases are reported annually. plasmodium falciparum is the major parasite, and is solely responsible for each malaria-attributable death case. garo hills are categorized high-risk for drug-resistant malaria; however, there exists no data on malaria transmitting mosquitoes prevalent in the region. included in this report are entomological observations with particular reference to vector biology characteristics for devising situation specific ... | 2010 | 20858290 |
| studies on the breeding habitats of the vector mosquito anopheles baimai and its relationship to malaria incidence in northeastern region of india : breeding habitats of anopheles baimai and its role in incidence of malaria in northeastern region of india. | entomological survey was conducted to know the breeding habitat preference of the forest breeder malaria vector anopheles baimaii, known earlier as an. dirus species d in the northeastern region of india. breeding potential of the vector in forest areas was found to be high in water stored in jungle pool (69.84%) followed by elephant footprints with clear water (39.13%) and with turbid water (26.19%), whereas in forest fringe areas, the vector breeding was more prominent in elephant footprints: ... | 2010 | 20652822 |
| prevalence of anopheline species and their plasmodium infection status in epidemic-prone border areas of bangladesh. | information related to malaria vectors is very limited in bangladesh. in the changing environment and various anopheles species may be incriminated and play role in the transmission cycle. this study was designed with an intention to identify anopheline species and possible malaria vectors in the border belt areas, where the malaria is endemic in bangladesh. | 2010 | 20074326 |
| complex population history of two anopheles dirus mosquito species in southeast asia suggests the influence of pleistocene climate change rather than human-mediated effects. | anopheles dirus and anopheles baimaii are closely related species which feed on primates, particularly humans, and transmit malaria in the tropical forests of mainland southeast asia. here, we report an in-depth phylogeographic picture based on 269 individuals from 21 populations from mainland southeast asia. analysis of 1537 bp of mtdna sequence revealed that the population history of a. baimaii is far more complex than previously thought. an old expansion (pre-300 kyr bp) was inferred in north ... | 2008 | 18800997 |
| the anopheles dirus complex: spatial distribution and environmental drivers. | the anopheles dirus complex includes efficient malaria vectors of the asian forested zone. studies suggest ecological and biological differences between the species of the complex but variations within species suggest possible environmental influences. behavioural variation might determine vector capacity and adaptation to changing environment. it is thus necessary to clarify the species distributions and the influences of environment on behavioural heterogeneity. | 2007 | 17341297 |
| molecular characterization and species identification of the anopheles dirus and an. minimus complexes in north-east india using r-dna its-2. | the sibling species composition of the anopheles minimus and anopheles dirus complexes is poorly known in the highly malarious north-eastern region of india where these two vector taxa are accountable for most of the malaria transmission among 30.7 million inhabitants. prevalent members of these two complexes in this part of india were identified using sequences for the second internal transcribed spacer (its2) of ribosomal dna. anopheles baimaii (species d) of the an. dirus complex and an. mini ... | 2006 | 17118324 |
| malaria transmission risk by the mosquito anopheles baimaii (formerly known as an. dirus species d) at different hours of the night in north-east india. | the risk of acquiring malaria transmitted by anopheles baimaii sallum & peyton, 2005, formerly known as an. dirus species d (sallum et al., 2005) (diptera: culicidae), at different hours of the night in a forest-fringed village of assam, north-east india was assessed through all-night mosquito landing catches during 1995-2000. an estimated overall mean biting rate of 36.1 bites/person/night (95% ci = 26.2-45.8), a sporozoite rate of 1.9% (95% ci = 1.1-2.9%) and a parous rate of 58.7% (95% ci = 5 ... | 2005 | 16336307 |
| molecular identification of four members of the anopheles dirus complex using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit i gene. | precise mosquito species identification is an essential step for proper management and control of malaria vectors. misidentification of members in the anopheles dirus complex, some which are primary malaria vectors in thailand and mainland southeast asia, remains problematic because of indistinguishable or overlapping morphological characters between sibling species. moreover, there is a need for alternative methods, since the existing molecular techniques in the literature are not entirely sati ... | 2017 | 29369036 |
| false positivity of circumsporozoite protein (csp)-elisa in zoophilic anophelines in bangladesh. | circumsporozoite protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (csp-elisas) are widely used for malaria vector identification throughout the world. however, several studies have reported false-positive results when using this method. the present study was conducted to estimate the frequency of false positives among anopheline species in malaria endemic areas of bangladesh. in total, 4724 anopheles females belonging to 25 species were collected and tested for plasmodium falciparum, plasmodium vivax- ... | 2013 | 23085098 |