| free amino acids production by ectomycorrhizal fungi of pine (pinus sylvestris l.). | studies on free amino acids production by five species of ectomycorrhizal fungi (amanita muscaria, suillus granulatus, suillus luteus, suillus bovinus and rhizopogon luteolus) show that all the fungi produced mainly: glutamic acid, leucine, lysine, ornithine, arginine and an unidentified ninhydrin-positive compound x3. both the quality and quantity of amino acids released was different in the fungal species studied. the predominant amino acids in post-culture liquids in general did not exceed 1. ... | 1985 | 2579530 |
| constituents of the higher fungi. xi. boviquinone-3, (2,5-dihydroxy-3-farnesyl-1,4-benzoquinone), diboviquinone-3,4, methylenediboviquinone-3,3, and xerocomic acid from gomphidius rutilus fr. and diboviquinone-4,4from boletus (suillus) bovinus (linn ex fr.) kuntze. | | 1971 | 5167257 |
| constituents of the higher fungi. ix. bovinone, 2,5-dihydroxy-3-geranylgeranyl-1,4-benzoquinone from boletus (suillus) bovinus (linn. ex fr.) kuntze. | | 1969 | 5391288 |
| [mercury in edible mushrooms from the area of kościersk forests and from the vistula peninsula]. | the total mercury concentrations were determined in caps and stalks or a whole fruiting bodies of 13 species of edible mushrooms collected at the area of kościerzyna forests (district of gdańsk) and the vistula peninsula (district of elblag) in 1993/94. the method of measurement was cold-vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (cv-aas) after wet digestion of the samples with concentrated nitric acid. macrolepiota procera showed highest mercury concentration among species investigated and contained ... | 1996 | 9064742 |
| complete sequence of glycolytic enzymes in the mycorrhizal basidiomycete, suillus bovinus. | axenic cultures of suillus bovinus were cultivated in inorganic liquid medium with glucose as a carbon source at 25 degrees c and continuous supply of oxygen by aeration with compressed air in the dark. exogenous fructose as sole carbon source yielded about 50% less increase in dry weight than glucose. this resulted from different uptake velocities. sucrose as sole exogenous carbon source yielded no measurable increase in dry weight. in glucose cultures, activities of all glycolytic enzymes were ... | 1998 | 9825541 |
| tolerance and biodegradation of m-toluate by scots pine, a mycorrhizal fungus and fluorescent pseudomonads individually and under associative conditions. | the tolerance to, and degradation of m-toluate by scots pine (pinus sylvestris), a symbiotic mycorrhizal fungus (suillus bovinus) and pseudomonas fluorescens strains, with or without m-toluate-degrading capacity, was determined individually and in all symbiotic/associative plant-microbe combinations. fungal survival on medium with m-toluate was increased in co-culture with the degradative bacterial strains on agar plates (up to 0.02%, w/v). when fungi were grown in mycorrhizal association with s ... | 1999 | 10347877 |
| effect of inoculation of a tol plasmid containing mycorrhizosphere bacterium on development of scots pine seedlings, their mycorrhizosphere and the microbial flora in m-toluate-amended soil. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of introduced bacteria containing a contaminant degrading plasmid on the growth and survival of pine seedlings and mycorrhizosphere microbial flora in contaminated soil. the pseudomonas fluorescens strain os81, originally isolated from fungal hyphae in contaminated soil, was supplied with the tol plasmid pww0::km (to generate os81(pww0::km)) and inoculated in humus-soil microcosms with and without pine seedlings mycorrhized with suillus bov ... | 2000 | 10640666 |
| investigations into enzymes of nitrogen metabolism of the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete, suillus bovinus. | axenic mycelia of the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete, suillus bovinus, were grown in liquid media under continuous aeration with compressed air at 25 degrees c in darkness. provided with glucose as the only carbohydrate source, they produced similar amounts of dry weight with ammonia, with nitrate or with alanine, 60-80% more with glutamate or glutamine, but about 35% less with urea as the respectively only exogenous nitrogen source. in crude extracts of cells from nh4(+)-cultures, nadh-dependent ... | 2000 | 10817209 |
| molecular characterization of actin genes from homobasidiomycetes: two different actin genes from schizophyllum commune and suillus bovinus. | the actin-encoding genes scact1 and scact2 of the homobasidiomycete schizophyllum commune are the first actin genes isolated from higher filamentous fungi. their isolation shows that homobasidiomycetes have two actin encoding genes instead of one typical to yeasts and filamentous ascomycetes. this result was further confirmed by cloning two actin encoding genes, sbact1 and sbact2, from another homobasidiomycete suillus bovinus. the comparison of the genomic and cdna sequences of the actin genes ... | 2000 | 10863093 |
| scots pine expresses short-root-specific peroxidases during development. | nine short-root-specific proteins from scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) detected and isolated as individual spots by 2d-page were identified. the similar peptide mass maps obtained for all nine polypeptide spots together with lectin-blotting results suggest that they represent forms of the same modified protein. n-terminal sequence analysis of two of the peptides showed high similarity to peroxidases. rt-pcr with oligonucleotide primers corresponding to determined peptide sequences and conserved ... | 2001 | 11121106 |
| characterization of small gtpases cdc42 and rac and the relationship between cdc42 and actin cytoskeleton in vegetative and ectomycorrhizal hyphae of suillus bovinus. | this work reports the isolation and molecular characterization of cdc42 and rac1 cdnas from the ectomycorrhiza forming filamentous homobasidiomycete suillus bovinus. previously, no rac gene was described from filamentous fungi and no cdc42 gene was described from homobasidiomycetes. southern hybridization with sbcdc42 and sbrac1 cdnas indicated that the s. bovinus genome contains only one cdc42 and one rac1 gene. the predicted amino acid sequence of sbraclp is 77% identical with the rac1b protei ... | 2001 | 11204776 |
| rates and quantities of carbon flux to ectomycorrhizal mycelium following 14c pulse labeling of pinus sylvestris seedlings: effects of litter patches and interaction with a wood-decomposer fungus. | we used a novel digital autoradiographic technique that enabled, for the first time, simultaneous visualization and quantification of spatial and temporal changes in carbon allocation patterns in ectomycorrhizal mycelia. mycorrhizal plants of pinus sylvestris l. were grown in microcosms containing non-sterile peat. the time course and spatial distribution of carbon allocation by p. sylvestris to mycelia of its mycorrhizal partners, paxillus involutus (batsch) fr. and suillus bovinus (l.): kuntze ... | 2001 | 11303651 |
| microcosm-based analyses of scots pine seedling growth, ectomycorrhizal fungal community structure and bacterial carbon utilization profiles in boreal forest humus and underlying illuvial mineral horizons. | we report on the identity of indigenous mycorrhiza forming fungi and rhizosphere/mycorrhizosphere bacterial community carbon source utilization profiles of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) seedlings grown in boreal forest humus (o) or illuvial (b) mineral horizon containing microcosm growth systems. based on rdna (its)-rflp analyses, a total of 10 fungal rflp taxa were identified from pre-morphotyped mycorrhizas on 7-month-old seedling roots. hierarchical cluster analysis, including correspondin ... | 2001 | 11377775 |
| tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes of the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete, suillus bovinus. | in crude cell extracts of the ectomycorrhizal fungus, suillus bovinus, activities of citrate synthase, aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase have been proved and analyzed. citrate synthase exhibited high affinities for both its substrates: oxaloacetate (km = 0.018 mm) and acetyl-coa (km = 0.014 mm). aconitase showed better affinity for isocitrate (km = 0.62 mm) than for citrate (km = 3.20 mm). analysis of isocitrate dehydrogenase reveale ... | 2001 | 11421446 |
| excessive cu and zn affecting on distribution of the metals and activities of glycolytic and nitrogen incorporating key enzymes in mycelia of ectomycorrhizal fungi suillus bovinus. | concentration of copper and zinc in isolated suillus bovinus mycelia, used nutrient solution and 0.5 mol/l edta mycelia washing solution were measured to investigate the distribution of heavy metals in mycelia growth in excess copper or zinc nutrient solution. treated with zinc, most of added zinc maintained in used solution, and 9.8%/14.6% was in/on mycelia in treatment, and in treatment 2 was 3.9%/8.0% in/on mycelia. in the copper applications, copper stimulated in more than on mycelia, i.e., ... | 2001 | 11590767 |
| genetic diversity and interrelationships among common european suillus species based on ribosomal dna sequences. | the nucleotide sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (its) 1 and 2 regions was determined for 22 suillus isolates representing seven species. analysis of the sequence data along with 12 related sequences from databases divided the 34 isolates into seven groups, and six of these were supported by 100% bootstrap values. isolates belonging to suillus granulatus (0-11 divergence) were divided into three groups (sg1, sg2 and sg3); sg1 and sg2 had 100% bootstrap values. sg2 was clustered with tw ... | 2001 | 11682189 |
| effects of monovalent cations on phosphate accumulation and storage of the ectomycorrhizal fungus suillus bovinus. | comparative in vivo (31)p-nmr studies of the fungus suillus bovinus (l.: fr.) o. kuntze in pure culture have produced interesting new data. to investigate the response of phosphate metabolism to a change in external monovalent cations, samples were exposed to a hoagland solution containing different monovalent cations li+, na+, k+, or rb+ at 10 mm concentration. a method of nutrient cycling during analysis where the cation was changed and the phosphate kept constant allowed us to determine the k ... | 2002 | 12059778 |
| effect of chromium on the axenic growth and phosphatase activity of ectomycorrhizal fungi, laccaria laccata and suillus bovinus. | | 2002 | 12069063 |
| the fungal sheath of ectomycorrhizal pine roots: an apoplastic barrier for the entry of calcium, magnesium, and potassium into the root cortex? | the apoplastic permeability of the fungal sheath of two different ectomycorrhizal associations of pinus sylvestris l. was analysed by laser microprobe mass analysis (lamma) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (edxs) after stable isotope labelling with 25mg, 41k and 44ca. entry of 25mg and 44ca into the outer cortical apoplast of non-mycorrhizal roots was detected after 4 min of labelling. after a longer exposure time the endodermis with its casparian band acted as an efficient apoplastic di ... | 2002 | 12096105 |
| t-dna transfer and integration in the ectomycorrhizal fungus suillus bovinus using hygromycin b as a selectable marker. | the t-dna of agrobacterium tumefaciens can be transferred to plants, yeasts, fungi and human cells. using this system, dikaryotic mycelium of the ectomycorrhizal fungus suillus bovinus was transformed with recombinant hygromycin b phosphotransferase (hph)and enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) genes fused with a heterologous fungal promoter and camv35s terminator. transformation resulted in hygromycin b-resistant clones, which were mitotically stable. putative transformants were analysed f ... | 2002 | 12174821 |
| biodegradation of aromatic compounds by white rot and ectomycorrhizal fungal species and the accumulation of chlorinated benzoic acid in ectomycorrhizal pine seedlings. | the capability of different white rot (wr, heterobasidion annosum, phanerochaete chrysosporium, trametes versicolor) and ectomycorrhizal (ecm, paxillus involutus, suillus bovinus) fungal species to degrade different aromatic compounds and the absorption of 3-chlorobenzoic acid (3-cba) by ecm pine seedlings was examined. the effect of aromatic compounds on the fungal biomass development varied considerably and depended on (a) the compound, (b) the external concentration, and (c) the fungal specie ... | 2002 | 12363308 |
| characterization of the surface hydrophobicity of filamentous fungi. | a method for the quantitative analysis of the hydrophobicity of the mycelial mat of filamentous fungi based on contact angle measurements is presented. it was tested for a range of fungi belonging to the classes of basidiomycetes, ascomycetes and deuteromycetes. the measured contact angles of the mycelial mats ranged between hydrophilic (<30 degrees) for the deuteromycetes fusarium oxysporum fo47 gus1 and trichoderma harzianum p1[pzega1] and hydrophobic (>60 degrees) for the ascomycete cladospor ... | 2003 | 12558591 |
| uptake and transfer of nutrients in ectomycorrhizal associations: interactions between photosynthesis and phosphate nutrition. | energy-dispersive x-ray microanalytical investigations and microautoradiographic studies were carried out to examine whether the uptake and transfer of phosphate (p) by an ectomycorrhizal fungus is affected by the carbohydrate supply of its host plant. for this purpose, non-mycorrhizal seedlings of pinus sylvestris l. and plants inoculated with the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete suillus bovinus (l. ex fr.) kuntze were placed in the dark for 7 days in advance of a p supply. the subcellular element ... | 2003 | 12682827 |
| effects of cadmium on growth and glucose utilisation of ectomycorrhizal fungi in vitro. | effects of cd on growth and glucose utilisation of paxillus involutus, rhizopogon subcaerulescens and suillus bovinus were investigated in vitro in liquid culture. s. bovinus was the species most sensitive to cd in terms of dry matter production and p. involutus was less sensitive than r. subcaerulescens. greater production of hyphae of p. involutus than the other fungi appeared to confer some degree of cd resistance, possibly by binding cd onto cell walls. growth of the three fungi was increase ... | 2003 | 12687448 |
| effects of thinning treatment on an ectomycorrhizal succession under scots pine. | we describe a 16 yr dataset of ectomycorrhizal fruit bodies under scots pine (pinus sylvestris), starting from seedlings, and explore the effects of a 50% thinning treatment imposed in year 12. the over-riding pattern in the data was of successional development, with paxillus involutus and laccaria proxima in the earliest years, followed by suillus species, while in later years amanita and cortinarius species became prominent. the typical pattern was for each species in turn to increase to a max ... | 2003 | 12825501 |
| its probe development for specific detection of rhizoctonia spp. and suillus bovinus based on southern blot and liquid hybridization-fragment length polymorphism. | development of specific dna probes targeting rdna internal transcribed spacer (its-1 or -2) sequences is described for the detection of strains representing uninucleate and binucleate rhizoctonia spp. and suillus bovinus. discriminatory taxon/species-specific target sequences were identified following full length its sequence alignment of the test fungal sequences and those of other root associated pathogenic or mycorrhizal fungi. both long (124-151 bp) and shorter (20-25 bp) probes were generat ... | 2003 | 12825515 |
| development, persistence and regeneration of foraging ectomycorrhizal mycelial systems in soil microcosms. | development of extraradical mycelia of two strains each of paxillus involutus and suillus bovinus in ectomycorrhizal association with pinus sylvestris seedlings was studied in two dimensions in non-sterile soil microcosms. there were significant inter- and intra-specific differences in extraradical mycelial growth and morphology. the mycelial systems of both strains of p. involutus were diffuse and extended more rapidly than those of s. bovinus. depending on the strain, p. involutus mycelia were ... | 2004 | 14598131 |
| carbon and nitrogen allocation in ectomycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal pinus sylvestris l. seedlings. | we studied carbon and nitrogen allocation in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) seedlings grown in a semi-hydroponic system with nitrogen as the growth limiting factor. three ectomycorrhizal fungi were compared: one pioneer species (thelephora terrestris ehrh.: fr.) and two late-stage fungi (suillus bovinus (l.: fr.) o. kuntze, and scleroderma citrinum pers.). by giving all plants in each treatment the same amount of readily available nitrogen, we ensured that the e ... | 1996 | 14871686 |
| effects of host plant exposure to cadmium on mycorrhizal infection and soluble carbohydrate levels of pinus sylvestris seedlings. | in a cd-contaminated environment, not only mature trees but also their seeds and young seedlings can be exposed to cd. cadmium taken up by young seedlings may influence mycorrhizal infection, which might in turn influence resistance to cd toxicity. in order to eliminate soil-mediated responses of mycorrhizal infection to cd, pinus sylvestris seedlings were exposed to cd prior to fungal inoculation and replanted to clean substrates with fungal inoculum. cadmium pretreatment reduced the proportion ... | 2004 | 15234095 |
| influences of excessive cu on photosynthesis and growth in ectomycorrhizal pinus sylvestris seedlings. | growth and photosynthesis responses were measured for scots pine (pinus sylvestris l. cv.) inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi (suillus bovinus) under 6.5 and 25 mg/l cu treatments to evaluate ectomycorrhizal seedlings' tolerance to heavy metal stress. results showed that excessive cu can significantly impair the growth and photosynthesis of pine seedlings, but such impairment is much smaller to the ectomycorrhizal seedlings. under 25 mg/l cu treatment, the dry weight of ectomycorrhizal seedli ... | 2004 | 15272714 |
| two phylogenetically highly distinct beta-tubulin genes of the basidiomycete suillus bovinus. | genes tubb1 and tubb2 which encode beta-tubulins 1 and 2, respectively, were characterised from the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete suillus bovinus. the two beta-tubulins are surprisingly divergent, with the lowest known sequence identity (60%) in any single fungal species. comparative analysis showed that beta-tubulin 1 and the intron distribution within the tubb1 gene resemble the other beta-tubulins. beta-tubulin 2, in contrast, is the most divergent fully described fungal beta-tubulin and the ... | 2005 | 15770509 |
| diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi naturally established on containerised pinus seedlings in nursery conditions. | the study examined the diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi, naturally established on roots of containerised pinus seedlings in a nursery, using pcr-rflp and sequencing of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer. seventy-two samples, including ectomycorrhizae and fruit bodies, were examined. molecular typing assigned the fungal symbionts to four ectomycorrhizal boletales: rhizopogon rubescens, suillus bovinus, s. variegatus, and r. luteolus. r. rubescens was abundant (37.5%), while suill ... | 2005 | 15782937 |
| ectomycorrhizas impede phytoremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) both within and beyond the rhizosphere. | exploitation of mycorrhizas to enhance phytoremediation of organic pollutants has received attention recently due to their positive effects on establishment of plants in polluted soils. some evidence exist that ectomycorrhizas enhance the degradation of pollutants of low recalcitrance, while less easily degradable polyaromatic molecules have been degraded only by some of these fungi in vitro. natural polyaromatic (humic) substances are degraded more slowly in soil where ectomycorrhizal fungi are ... | 2006 | 16325973 |
| synthesis of enzymes connected with mycoparasitism by ectomycorrhizal fungi. | the production of enzymes involved in mycoparasitism by several strains of ectomycorrhizal fungi: amanita muscaria (16-3), laccaria laccata (9-12), l. laccata (9-1), suillus bovinus (15-4), s. bovinus (15-3), s. luteus (14-7) on different substrates such as colloidal chitin, mycelia of trichoderma harzianum, t. virens and mucor hiemalis was examined. chitinases and beta-1,3-glucanases were assayed spectrophotometrically by measuring the amount of reducing sugars releasing from suitable substrate ... | 2006 | 16395555 |
| molecular characterization and evaluation of mycorrhizal capacity of suillus isolates from central spain for the selection of fungal inoculants. | suillus fungal specimens of pine forests from a mediterranean area of central spain (madrid region) were studied based on molecular and physiological analysis of sporocarps to obtain fungal native inocula to produce mycorrhizal pinus halepensis miller in nursery. variation within the internal transcribed spacer (its) region of the ribosomal rna genes of suillus was examined by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) and direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction products. ribosomal d ... | 2006 | 16896798 |
| characterization of culturable bacterial populations associating with pinus sylvestris--suillus bovinus mycorrhizospheres. | bacterial isolations were carried out on pinus sylvestris--suillus bovinus mycorrhizospheres obtained directly from boreal pine forest. when samples were taken during dry weather, the numbers of bacterial colony-forming units were significantly higher in uncolonized short roots and external mycelia than in mycorrhizal roots and soil outside the mycorrhizosphere. in contrast, the colony-forming unit counts were similar in all hypogeous samples after rainy weather. culturable bacteria were absent ... | 2006 | 16917536 |
| ectomycorrhizal weathering of the soil minerals muscovite and hornblende. | ectomycorrhizal fungi are hypothesized to enhance mineral weathering in forest soils. several studies have shown an increased uptake of mineral-derived nutrients by trees when in symbiosis with ectomycorrhizal fungi. however, it is difficult to determine from these studies if the improved nutrient uptake is the result of increased weathering or better exploitation of the substrate by the ectomycorrhizal fungi. in a pot experiment, pinus sylvestris (scots pine) seedlings were grown with or withou ... | 2006 | 16918551 |
| zinc-tolerant suillus bovinus improves growth of zn-exposed pinus sylvestris seedlings. | scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) seedlings inoculated or not (nm) by a zn-sensitive or a zn-tolerant isolate of the ectomycorrhizal fungus suillus bovinus (l. fr.) roussel were exposed to 0.1 or 150 mum zn(2+) for 9 months. we hypothesized that inoculation with a zn-tolerant s. bovinus isolate should result in added zn resistance of the host plant. plant and fungal growth as well as nutrient profiles and photosynthetic pigments in pine needles were quantified. in nm plants and in plants colonize ... | 2006 | 17033817 |
| influence of autoclaved saprotrophic fungal mycelia on proteolytic activity in ectomycorrhizal fungi. | the production of proteolytic enzymes by several strains of ectomycorrhizal fungi i.e., amanita muscaria (16-3), laccaria laccata (9-12), l. laccata (9-1), suillus bovinus (15-4), suillus bovinus (15-3), suillus luteus (14-7) on mycelia of trichoderma harzianum, trichoderma virens and mucor hiemalis and sodium caseinate, yeast extract was evaluated. the strains of a. muscaria (16-3) and l. laccata (9-12) were characterized by the highest activity of the acidic and neutral proteases. taking the m ... | 2007 | 17333458 |
| flavonoids induce germination of basidiospores of the ectomycorrhizal fungus suillus bovinus. | under laboratory conditions, spores of ectomycorrhizal fungi usually germinate very poorly or not at all. in a previous study, we showed that spores of the ectomycorrhizal fungus suillus bovinus germinated through the combination of activated charcoal treatment of media and co-culture with seedlings of pinus densiflora, which suggested that some substances contained in root exudates induced the germination. among the compounds reported from root exudates, flavonoids have been elucidated to play ... | 2007 | 17516095 |
| conidia of trichoderma virens as a phosphorus source for mycorrhizal pinus sylvestris seedlings. | in this study, the mobilization and further translocation of phosphorus from conidia of saprotrophic fungus trichoderma virens into pinus sylvestris seedlings by nondestructive measuring of (32)p was assessed. the radioactive phosphorus flux from the conidia to the scots pine seedlings forming mycorrhiza with laccaria laccata and suillus bovinus amounted up to 27.82% and 7.42%, respectively, on the 28th day of the experiment, while at the same time in nonmycorrhizal pine seedlings, the detected ... | 2008 | 18807257 |
| characterization of juvenile maritime pine (pinus pinaster ait.) ectomycorrhizal fungal community using morphotyping, direct sequencing and fruitbodies sampling. | using ectomycorrhizal root tip morphotyping (anatomical and morphological identification), molecular analysis (internal transcribed spacer region amplification and sequencing), and fruitbody sampling, we assessed diversity and composition of the ectomycorrhizal fungal community colonizing juvenile pinus pinaster ait. under natural conditions in nw spain. overall, we found 15 basidiomycetes and two ascomycetes. members of the family thelephoraceae represented up to 59.4% of the samples. the most ... | 2009 | 18972139 |
| in vitro inhibitory effects of pulvinic acid derivatives isolated from chinese edible mushrooms, boletus calopus and suillus bovinus, on cytochrome p450 activity. | increasing attention has been focused on food-drug interactions. we have investigated the inhibitory effect of chinese edible mushrooms, boletus calopus and suillus bovinus, on cytochrome p450 (cyp) 1a2, 2c9, 2d6, and 3a4, the main drug-metabolizing enzymes. three pulvinic acid derivatives, atromentic acid (1), variegatic acid (2), and xerocomic acid (3), isolated from boletus calopus and suillus bovinus, revealed nonspecific inhibitory effects on all four cyps. using these compounds, the maximu ... | 2009 | 19352038 |
| cytoskeleton and mitochondrial morphology of saprotrophs and the pathogen heterobasidion annosum in the presence of suillus bovinus metabolites. | ectomycorrhizal fungi are known to synthesize antifungal compounds both in vitro and in symbiosis with the host-plants. culture filtrates of the ectomycorrhizal fungus suillus bovinus (at phs of 2.5-6) showed antifungal activity towards saprotrophs trichoderma harzianum, and trichoderma virens and the pathogen heterobasidion annosum, by significantly suppressing their growth relative to sterile liquid medium at the same phs. in the presence of the culture filtrates, hyphae of the saprotrophs and ... | 2009 | 19539761 |
| quantification of ectomycorrhizal mycelium in soil by real-time pcr compared to conventional quantification techniques. | mycelial biomass estimates in soils are usually obtained by measuring total hyphal length or by measuring the amount of fungal-specific biomarkers such as ergosterol and phospholipid fatty acids (plfas). these methods determine the biomass of the fungal community as a whole and do not allow species-specific identification. molecular methods based on the extraction of total soil dna and the use of genes as biomarkers enable identification of mycelia directly from the environment. three molecular ... | 2003 | 19719597 |
| nested pcr detection of archaea in defined compartments of pine mycorrhizospheres developed in boreal forest humus microcosms. | archaea colonising defined compartments of scots pine suillus bovinus or paxillus involutus mycorrhizospheres developed in forest humus-containing microcosms were investigated by nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr), cloning, restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) and sequencing. archaea representing six rflp groups were detected in the system. sequence analysis of clones representing the different rflp types confirmed the presence of novel finnish forest soil crenarchaeota. archaeal ... | 2003 | 19719676 |
| ectomycorrhizal fungi as an alternative to the use of chemical fertilisers in nursery production of pinus pinaster. | addition of fertilisers is a common practice in nursery production of conifer seedlings. the aim of this study was to evaluate whether ectomycorrhizal (ecm) fungi can be an alternative to the use of chemical fertilisers in the nursery production of pinus pinaster. a greenhouse nursery experiment was conducted by inoculating seedlings obtained from seeds of p. pinaster plus trees with a range of compatible ecm fungi: (1) thelephora terrestris, (2) rhizopogon vulgaris, (3) a mixture of pisolithus ... | 2010 | 20702021 |
| changes in hyphal morphology and activity of phenoloxidases during interactions between selected ectomycorrhizal fungi and two species of trichoderma. | patterns of phenoloxidase activity can be used to characterize fungi of different life styles, and changes in phenoloxidase synthesis were suspected to play a role in the interaction between ectomycorrhizal and two species of trichoderma. confrontation between the ectomycorrhizal fungi amanita muscaria and laccaria laccata with species of trichoderma resulted in induction of laccase synthesis, and the laccase enzyme was bound to mycelia of ectomycorrhizal fungi. tyrosinase release was noted only ... | 2011 | 21286809 |
| The effect of ectomycorrhizal fungi forming symbiosis with Pinus pinaster seedlings exposed to cadmium. | Cadmium is one of the most toxic heavy metals and its accumulation in the upper layers of forest soils affects plants, microorganisms and their interactions. Adequate strategies for the reforestation of metal contaminated sites are of vital importance. The aim of this work was to evaluate the response of Pinus pinaster seedlings to Cd exposure and to assess the effect of inoculation with two selected ectomycorrhizal fungi, Suillus bovinus and Rhizopogon roseolus on that response. Seedlings were ... | 2011 | 22115613 |
| effect of raw humus under two adult scots pine stands on ectomycorrhization, nutritional status, nitrogen uptake, phosphorus uptake and growth of pinus sylvestris seedlings. | ectomycorrhiza (em) formation improves tree growth and nutrient acquisition, particularly that of nitrogen (n). few studies have coupled the effects of naturally occurring em morphotypes to the nutrition of host trees. to investigate this, pine seedlings were grown on raw humus substrates collected at two forest sites, r2 and r3. ectomycorrhiza morphotypes were identified, and their respective n uptake rates from organic (2-(13)c, (15)n-glycine) and inorganic ((15)nh(4)cl, na(15)no(3), (15)nh(4) ... | 2011 | 22184278 |