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histochemical and ultrastructural studies on the metacercarial cyst of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda). 1979156164
thin-layer chromatographic analysis of phospholipids in echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) adults.thin-layer chromatographic analyses were made of phospholipids extracted from adult echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) and from the nonnutrient medium in which worms were maintained. identity of phospholipids was based on comparison with authentic lipid standards and on specific chemical detection tests. the most abundant phospholipids in the extract were phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl serine; lesser amounts of cerebrosides and lysophosphatidyl choline were detec ...1979448610
histochemical and thin layer chromatographic analyses of neutral lipids in echinostoma revolutum metacercariae cultured in vitro.excysted metacercariae of echinostoma revolutum cultured in vitro in the defined medium, nctc 135 supplemented with 20% hens' egg yolk, doubled their mean relative body area and showed significant sucker growth within 14 days. histochemical oil red o staining showed neutral fat mainly in the excretory system of excysted metacercariae and in adults grown in the domestic chick. in vitro cultured worms showed neutral fat in the intestine, parenchyma, and excretory system. as detected by tlc the maj ...1977592032
studies on encystment of echinostoma revolutum cercariae.cercariae of echinostoma revolutum encysted in the kidney of the snail physa heterostropha within 1 hr and on mucus trails from helisoma trivolvis, p. heterostropha and lymnaea sp. within 2 hr. significantly, more normal cysts were formed in mucus of helisoma than in mucus of physa or lymnaea. optimal, in vitro encystment occurred within 24 h in either locke's 1 : 1 or locke's 1 : 1 + 1% glucose. significantly more normal cysts occurred in the locke's 1 : 1 medium. both normal and abnormal cyst ...1979448597
studies of endoparasites of the mourning dove (zenaida macroura) in the southeast united states.from september, 1973, through november, 1974, 255 mourning doves (zenaida macroura) were collected in the southeastern united states and examined for endoparasites. thirteen species of endoparasites were found and included six species of protozoans, one trematode, two cestodes, and four nematodes. new host records included sarcocystis sp., echinostoma revolutum, hymenolepis sp., aproctella stoddardi, ascaridia columbae, and dispharynx nasuta.1977402483
parasites in bulinus senegalensis (mollusca: planorbidae) and their detection.isoelectric focusing studies on enzyme variation between populations of the snail bulinus senegalensis revealed that parasitic infections in the snails contributed additional bands of enzyme activity, particularly in the glucose phosphate isomerase (gpi) and malate dehydrogenase (mdh) systems. the patterns due to the parasite enzymes were, in most cases, clearly distinct from those of the host and different from each other. parasites encountered included schistosoma haematobium, s. bovis, paramp ...197944358
excretion of lipids by echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) adults. 1977864561
thin layer chromatographic analyses of amino acids in echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) adults. 1977598967
neutral lipids in echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) adults. 1978627961
infectivity, excystation, and development on the chick chorioallantois of the metacercaria of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda). 1978627962
an outbreak of trematodiasis in domestic geese.losses greater than 3% were incurred in a large flock of domestic geese on summer pasture. necropsy of the sick birds revealed no significant bacterial or viral isolates. the trematodes echinostoma revolutum and notocotylus attenuatus were present in considerable numbers, respectively in the small and large intestines.1976962765
experimental second intermediate hosts for echinostoma revolutum. 19751243118
echinostoma revolutum and echinoparyphium recurvatum recovered from house rats in yangyang-gun, kangwon-do.during an investigation on intestinal flukes of house rats in yangyang-gun, kangwon-do, a total of 6 species of trematodes belonging to 3 families; echinostomatidae (echinostoma hortense, e. cinetorchis, e. revolutum and echinoparyphium recurvatum), diplostomidae (fibricola seoulensis) and plagiorchiidae (plagiorchis muris), were recovered from two adult rats. e. revolutum and e. recurvatum were new trematode faunae of rats in korea. e. revolutum had an elongated body, 5.3-6.0 mm long and 1.0-1. ...19902099177
[the effect of different concentrations of surface-active substances on the size of the circadian rations and on the duration of food passage in lymnaea stagnalis infected with echinostoma revolutum parthenitae].in solutions of the detergent "kristall" (0.9 and 90 mg.l.-1) there were established statistically reliable differences in the values of day rations and duration of food passing both in infected and free from infection molluscs. in noninfected individuals day rations increase 1.5 to 5 times and the duration of food passing 5 to 7 times. in infected animals the value of day rations decrease and the duration of food passing increases less intensively.19902100003
argentophilic and scanning electron microscopic observations of the tegumentary papillae of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) cercariae.argentophilic staining and scanning electron microscopy (sem) were used to study the tegumentary papillae of echinostoma revolutum cercariae. the most abundant papilla was uniciliate and arranged bilaterally on the body and tail of the cercaria. the distribution of these papillae was similar to that seen in other 37-collar spined echinostome cercariae. sem revealed a total of 18 multiciliate papillae--16 on the anterior end and 2 at the middle of the body. these papillae contained up to 18 cilia ...19872449523
observations on the host-parasite relations between echinostoma revolutum and lymnaeid snails.echinostoma revolutum from taiwan was studied in lymneid snails at 29 +/- 0.5 degrees c. given 3-5 miracidia, 95% of lymnaea ollula and 40% of lymnaea swinhoei became positive; the prepatent periods were 18 and 25 days, respectively. the following are based on the observations in lymnaea ollula: the time required for miracidial penetration was about one hour. the sporocysts developed only in the ventricle of the snail but mother rediae developed in the heart and other organs. mature daughter red ...19751243895
transmission electron microscopy of sensory receptors of echinostoma revolutum (froelich 1802) cercaria (digenea: echinostomatidae).nonciliate, uniciliate, and multiciliate receptors were shown by transmission electron microscopy to occur in the body tegument of echinostoma revolutum (froelich 1802) cercariae. detailed studies revealed three types of nonciliate, four types of uniciliate, and one type of multiciliate sensory endings. most receptors were singly distributed. only a few of them formed paired receptor complexes in three regions of the cercarial body. these receptor complexes were found to possess nonciliate, unic ...19921438152
ultrastructure of the tail of echinostoma revolutum cercaria.the ultrastructure of the tail fins and muscles of echinostoma revolutum cercaria is described. the longitudinal muscles consist of a primitive type of transversely striated muscle fibres with a well-developed sarcoplasmic reticulum in the z-band. the fins are formed by a longitudinal tegument fold containing the same components as the remaining part of the tail tegument. the difference between the body and tail tegument is discussed.19892583613
esterases in natural populations of normal and echinostoma revolutum-infected helisoma trivolvis (gastropoda).esterases of the digestive gland-gonad (dgg) complex of individual snails from a wild population of helisoma trivolvis infected with the trematode echinostoma revolutum were analyzed by vertical slab page and compared to similar dgg homogenates of uninfected conspecifics from the same population. our analysis indicated that: 1. four classes of esterases, some atypical, could be resolved using diagnostic inhibitors. 2. uninfected snails demonstrated polymorphism for two of these four esterase gro ...19892605914
ultrastructural observations on the redia of echinostoma revolutum (froelich, 1802).e. revolutum redia digestive and excretory system ultrastructure, as well as body wall tegument were studied in tem. the body tegument protrudes in short microvilli and contains uni- and multiciliate sensory endings. the anterior part of the digestive system (pharynx, short oesophagus) is lined with body tegument, the caecum being covered with a flat epithelium with sporadic microvilli. oesophageal gland cells are filled with minute electron-dense granules. the excretory capillaries joined to la ...19892767546
ultrastructure of the digestive tract of echinostoma revolutum cercaria.the digestive tract of a fully formed free-swimming cercaria of echinostoma revolutum (froelich, 1802) dietz, 1909 was studied by electron microscopy. the oral sucker and pharynx are covered by a tegument. the oesophagus and the caeca are not luminized. they are packed with giant epithelial cells with electron-dense granules of irregular shape, rough endoplasmic reticulum and its cisterns, and golgi apparatus. the tegument of the oral sucker cavity contains numerous uniciliate receptors.19911937276
echinostoma revolutum: pathology of extraintestinal infection in the golden hamster. 19883192360
ultrastructural study of the glandular system and its participation in tegument formation in echinostoma revolutum cercaria.six types of gland cells occurring in the body of developing echinostoma revolutum cercaria are described at ultrastructural level. three types of the gland cells, lateral, ventral and dorsal, release their secretion into the tegument of cercaria during its development in the media. another three types, paraoesophageal, penetration and proper cytogenic gland cells are preserved in the body of the free-swimming cercaria. the paraoesophageal gland cells open on the tegument surface. secretory gran ...19892488046
reduced fertility in mice double-infected with schistosoma mansoni and echinostoma revolutum. 19892571255
heterologous synergistic interactions in concurrent experimental infection in the mouse with schistosoma mansoni, echinostoma revolutum, plasmodium yoelii, babesia microti, and trypanosoma brucei.primary infections with plasmodium yoelii and echinostoma revolutum in the mouse induced a significant increase in the heterologous schistosoma mansoni challenge worm establishment, whereas s. mansoni worm establishment remained unaffected by primary infections with trypanosoma brucei and babesia microti. concurrent infection in the mouse with p. yoelii or t. brucei, but not with b. microti, blocked the resistance to homologous e. revolutum challenge infection, and primary p. yoelii and t. bruce ...19883143108
the effects of crowding on adults of echinostoma revolutum (digenea: echinostomatidae) in experimentally infected golden hamsters, mesocricetus auratus.all 30 female golden hamsters, mesocricetus auratus, fed either 125 +/- 50 (group a), 300 +/- 50 (group b), or 500 +/- 50 (group c) metacercarial cysts of echinostoma revolutum were infected 7-35 days postexposure. the mean number of worms in a, b, and c were 62, 96, and 212, respectively. most of the worms in a were in the jejunum, but in c worms were about equally distributed in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and some were in the cecum. the body area and wet and dry weights of worms from c ...19883357113
homologous and heterologous resistance of echinostoma revolutum and e. liei in icr mice.to study resistance of echinostomes in the mouse, female icr mice were challenged homologously or heterologously with echinostoma revolutum or e. liei metacercariae. mice challenged homologously had significantly fewer worms which weighed less than those from control mice. in heterologous studies where the primary infection was not eliminated with an anthelmintic, the number of worms in challenged mice was not significantly different than that in controls which received only the primary infectio ...19883357108
single and concurrent infections of the golden hamster, mesocricetus auratus, with echinostoma revolutum and e. liei (trematoda: digenea).single or concurrent infections of the intestinal trematodes echinostoma revolutum and e. liei were studied in the golden hamster (mesocricetus auratus). in single infections, some hamsters were fed 25 +/- 5 metacercarial cysts and others 100 +/- 25 cysts of either e. revolutum or e. liei. in concurrent infections, hamsters were fed simultaneously 20 +/- 5 metacercarial cysts of e. revolutum and 20 +/- 5 cysts of e. liei or 100 +/- 25 cysts each of both trematodes. all hamsters exposed singly to ...19883397821
ultrastructure of a new type of sensory ending in echinostoma revolutum cercaria (trematoda: echinostomatidae).two pairs of hitherto unknown multiciliate sensory endings have been demonstrated in free-swimming cercariae of echinostoma revolutum using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. this type of receptor consists of a bundle of 36--40 short, conically projecting cilia ensheathed by a collar formed by a circular evagination of tegument in shape of a cup. the cilia projecting from the centre of a widened nerve fibre, filled with electron-lucid vesicles, possess a well developed basal body and ...19873428762
echinostoma revolutum in mice; dynamics of the antibody attack to the surface of an intestinal trematode. 19863536773
single- and five-worm infections of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) in the golden hamster. 19883372124
humoral and cellular response to infection with echinostoma revolutum in the golden hamster, mesocricetus auratus.laboratory hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) were infected with echinostoma revolutum (trematoda). immunoelectrophoretic studies of hamster serum showed no demonstrable antibody response to e. revolutum. histopathologic examination of intestinal tissue of infected hamsters showed erosion of intestinal villi and lymphocytic infiltration as the primary host response. spleens from infected hamsters were hyperplastic during the first 3 weeks of infection and atrophic from 4 to 8 weeks postinfection. h ...19883397514
experimental infection of corbicula fluminea (bivalvia: corbiculidae) with echinostoma revolutum cercariae. 19873598813
multiciliate sensory endings in the redia of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda, echinostomatidae).in addition to uniciliate sensory endings, three types of multiciliate sensory endings have been demonstrated on the anterior end of echinostoma revolutum redia using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. this is the first finding of multiciliate sensory endings in the parthenogenetic generation of trematodes. in the first type, 12 cilia are situated in a pit communicating with the tegument surface. in the second and third types, there are two and four short cilia, respectively. they pr ...19883417196
experimental infection of physa heterostropha, helisoma trivolvis, and biomphalaria glabrata (gastropoda) with echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) cercariae.gross and histologic studies were done on laboratory-raised physa heterostropha, helisoma trivolvis, and biomphalaria glabrata snails exposed individually to 100 cercariae of echinostoma revolutum. cercariae showed a predisposition for the kidneys of snails. they entered the nephridiopore, migrated up the tubular kidney, and encysted in the saccular kidney within 2 hr. considerably more cysts were in the kidney of b. glabrata at 24 hr than in h. trivolvis or p. heterostropha kidneys. encysted me ...19873572665
site-finding and pairing of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) on the chick chorioallantois.site-finding of 14-day-old echinostoma revolutum from the domestic chick was studied by inoculating single worms into various sites on the chorioallantoic membrane (cam) of 13-day-old chick embryos. regardless of the site of inoculation, single worms were attracted significantly to the area of the cam above the embryo. more worms were found in this site at 24 than at 1 hr postinoculation. worm-pairing was studied in chick embryos by inoculating 2 worms in separate windows, 2 cm apart. worm-pairi ...19873598804
infectivity, growth, and development of echinostoma revolutum (digenea: echinostomatidae) in the golden hamster, mesocricetus auratus.all 30 female golden hamsters, mesocricetus auratus, each fed 100 +/- 25 metacercarial cysts of echinostoma revolutum were found to be infected 2 to 105 days post-infection with 3 to 103 (avg. 38) flukes in the small intestine. worm wet weights averaged 0.6 mg at 9 days, 3.5 mg at 14 days, and 19 mg at 42 days; average dry weights for the identical days were 0.2, 1.2 and 5.8 mg, respectively. the average body length of worms fixed in hot (80 c) alcohol-formalin-acetic acid was 0.33 mm on day 2, ...19863712170
clinical and pathological effects of echinostoma revolutum (digenea: echinostomatidae) in the golden hamster, mesocricetus auratus.laboratory hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) were infected with echinostoma revolutum (trematoda). hamsters developed marked and sometimes fatal echinostomiasis. clinical signs included progressive unthriftiness, watery diarrhoea and weight loss. packed cell volume, haemoglobin and red blood cell counts increased in those animals with severe diarrhoea. no increase in eosinophils was noted in peripheral blood smears. examination of tissues of infected animals showed wide individual variations relat ...19863797062
growth and feeding of echinostoma revolutum on the chick chorioallantois and in the domestic chick.chemically excysted metacercariae of echinostoma revolutum cultivated on the chick chorioallantois grew slowly until day 5, more rapidly between 5 and 7 days, and slowly between 7 and 10 days. worms did not become ovigerous in this site by 12 days, at which time studies were terminated. in contrast, chemically excysted metacercariae reared in the domestic chick were ovigerous by day 9, at which time their mean body area was about 4 times greater than the largest chorioallantoic worms. histochemi ...19863806319
infectivity of echinostoma revolutum miracidia for laboratory-raised pulmonate snails. 19873656000
echinostoma revolutum: resistance to secondary and superimposed infections in mice.a complete or almost complete resistance (94-100%) to a superimposed echinostoma revolutum infection existed in mice harboring 20-, 30-, and 40-day-old infections in the range of 2-4 to 30-35 worms, but no resistance was found at challenge day 10. a similar high level of resistance (85-100%) also existed in mice for at least 6 weeks after natural expulsion of a primary 6 metacercarial infection and for at least 5 weeks after anthelmintic termination of a 30-day-old 20 metacercarial infection. th ...19863709749
[cercarial chaetotaxy of echinostoma revolutum (froelich, 1802) and e. echinatum (zeder, 1803) (trematoda, echinostomatidae)].the life-cycles of echinostoma revolutum and e. echinatum were carried out by using cercariae emitted by naturally infected molluscs. e. revolutum strain was issued from lymnaea auricularia, e. echinatum from lymnaea truncatula and planorbis planorbis, planorbarius corneus produced an echinostome which may possibly be e. echinatum or another species e. sp. metacercarial stages and adults were obtained from laboratory experimental hosts. none of these adult echinostomes displayed well-defined mor ...19873662328
[lymnaea truncatula (müller, 1774)--the 1st and 2d intermediate hosts of echinostoma revolutum (fröhlich, 1802) and hypoderaeum conoideum (bloch, 1782)].lymnaea truncatula (müller, 1774) is recorded as the first and second intermediate host of echinostoma revolutum (fröhlich, 1802) and hypoderaeum conoideum (bloch, 1782) adults were obtained by the feeding of metacercariae to chickens.19854047720
impairment of primary expulsion of echinostoma revolutum in mice concurrently infected with schistosoma mansoni.the spontaneous expulsion of low-level echinostoma revolutum infections was markedly impaired in mice harbouring 4-week-old schistosoma mansoni infections at the time of infection with the echinostome.19853937853
notes on glycogen deposits in limnaea auricularia var. rufescens and the parasitic larval stages of fasciola gigantica and echinostoma revolutum. a histochemical study. 19684190113
gastrointestinal helminths of the mexican duck, anas platyrhynchos diazi ridgway, from north central mexico and southwestern united states.twenty-five species of helminths, recovered from the gastrointestinal tracts of 129 mexican ducks from mexico and the united states, were all new host records. the species included: echinoparyphium recurvatum, echinostoma revolutum, hypoderaeum conoideum, notocotylus attenuatus, prosthogonimus cuneatus, zygocotyle lunata, anomotaenia ciliata, cloacotaenia megalops, diorchis bulbodes, diorchis sp., drepanidotaenia lanceolata, echinocotyle rosseteri, fimbriaria fasciolaris, fimbriarioides sp., hym ...19863951061
bioavailability of chloroquine in mice infected with the intestinal trematode echinostoma revolutum. 19854024964
sterols of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) adults. 19854093821
oxygen consumption in adult echinostoma revolutum. 19684302386
a histopathologic study of lymnea auricularia var. rufescens infected with the larval stages of echinostoma revolutum. 19665299049
temperature tolerance of echinostoma revolutum on the chick chorioallantois. 19695361600
antagonistic interaction between echinostoma revolutum and echinoparyphium recurvatum (trematoda) in the definitive host. 19744412040
sterols in ascaris lumbricoides (nematoda), macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus and moniliformis dubius (acanthocephala), and echinostoma revolutum (trematoda). 19705504522
transplantation of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) into normal and surgically altered chick intestine. 19685643352
antagonism of echinostoma revolutum against schistosoma mansoni in the snail biomphalaria alexandrina. 19744412039
observations on the development of two echinostomes, echinoparyphium recurvatum and echinostoma revolutum, the antagonists of human schistosomes in egypt. 19744472221
reproduction of echinostoma revolutum rediae when transferred to uninfected snails of different sizes. 19685641049
cultivation of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) on the chick chorioallantois. 19685757677
redial populations of echinostoma revolutum developing in snails of different sizes. 19676078608
helminth fauna of sandhill crane populations in texas.three species of trematode [orchipedium jolliei schell, 1967; prohyptiamus grusi kocan, waldrup, ramakka, and iverson, 1982; echinostoma revolutum (froelich, 1802)], three species of nematode (tetrameres grusi shumakovich, 1946; synhimanthus sp.; contracaecum sp.), and one species of cestode (anomotaenia sp.) were recovered from 146 sandhill cranes, grus canadensis (linnaeus), collected in alaska, canada, and two areas in texas. the only common and abundant species were o. jolliei and t grusi. o ...19846492322
infectivity, growth and development of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) in the domestic chick.infectivity, growth and development were studied in 23 one-day-old domestic chicks each fed 25 pre-selected metacercarial cysts of echinostoma revolutum. all chicks were infected at necropsy one to 44 days post-exposure with one to 18 flukes/chick. from the 575 cysts fed to chicks, 145 (25%) flukes were recovered from the ileum, caeca, rectum-cloaca and bursa of fabricius. length measurements on 113 uncurled flukes fixed in hot alcohol-formalin-acetic acid showed that worms grew slowly to 1.0 mm ...19846501857
histochemical glycogen studies on echinostoma revolutum. 19685757678
on the life history and distribution of echinostoma revolutum (froleich, 1802) in orissa. 19665966980
scanning electron microscopy of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) during development in the chick embryo and the domestic chick. 19846706466
thymus-independent crypt hyperplasia and villous atrophy in the small intestine of mice infected with the trematode echinostoma revolutum.conventional mice and congenitally athymic, nude mice were infected with 20 metacercariae of the intestinal trematode echinostoma revolutum. the sequential events in the pathological changes in the intestine were studied at different intervals post-infection. by day 11 onwards the conventional mice displayed dilatation of the region of the intestine which harboured the parasites. the mucosa in the dilated region showed marked crypt hyperplasia, villous atrophy and subepithelial fibrosis as the m ...19846739130
further studies on in vitro pairing of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) adults.various factors that influence in vitro pairing of echinostoma revolutum adults were studied. more worms paired in locke's, ringer's, and 0.85% nacl solutions than in the defined medium nctc 135. also, more pairing occurred at 39 or 43 degrees c than at 35 degrees c. echinostomes placed 1, 3, or 5 cm apart in 5.5 cm diameter petri dishes as well as those placed 2, 4, or 6 cm apart in 8.5 cm diameter petri dishes paired; however, worms placed 8 cm apart in the latter dishes did not. individuals m ...19846741219
effects of temperature on the development and hatching of eggs of the trematode echinostoma revolutum. 19695816329
trypanosoma brucei-induced blockage of expulsion of echinostoma revolutum and of homologous e. revolutum resistance in mice.experiments were designed to study the effect of trypanosoma brucei on the expulsion of echinostoma revolutum and on the development and maintenance of homologous e. revolutum resistance in the mouse. t. brucei given 3, 2, and 1 wk before and 1 wk after infection with e. revolutum completely inhibited the expulsion of the e. revolutum worm burden for a period of at least 6 wk following infection, and t. brucei given 2 or 3 wk after infection with e. revolutum conferred a significant delay in the ...19846502358
densitometric thin-layer chromatographic analyses of free sterols in echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) adults and their excretory-secretory products. 19836631647
in vitro pairing of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) metacercariae and adults, and characterization of worm products involved in chemoattraction.in vitro pairing studies were done on chemically excysted metacercariae and on adults of echinostoma revolutum maintained in vitro in agar-locke's petri dish cultures at 39 +/- 1 c for up to 24 hr. whereas newly excysted metacercariae did not pair, both immature and mature adults showed significant pairing. adult echinostomes confined in dialysis sacs emitted excretory-secretory (ec) products which significantly attracted single echinostome adults in vitro. only the lipophilic fraction of es pro ...19807218094
parasites of waterfowl, from southwest texas: iii. the green-winged teal, anas crecca.seventy of 72 green-winged teal, anas crecca, from southwest texas were infected with parasites. seventeen species of endoparasites were recorded: notocotylus attenuatus, zygocotyle lunata, typhlocoelum sisowi, echinostoma revolutum, hypoderaeum conoideum, dendritobilharzia pulverulenta, cloacotaenia megalops, sobolevicanthus gracilis, sobolevicanthus krabbeella, gastrotaenia cygni, amidostomum acutum, amidostomum anseris, tetrameres crami, echinuria uncinata, corynosoma constrictum, polymorphus ...19816788963
localization, length and reproduction in single- and multiple-worm infections of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) in the chick.mono-metacercarial infections of echinostoma revolutum in the domestic chick yielded 14- or 15-day-old worms that produced viable eggs, indicating that this species can self-fertilize under conditions which preclude cross-fertilization. in multiple infection studies, chicks were fed either 5 or 10 cysts and each infected chick contained 2-7 worms at necropsy 14 or 15 days later. worms from multiple infections were mainly paired or clustered and they tended to locate more posteriorly in the intes ...19817208104
cultivation of excysted metacercariae of echinostoma revolutum (trematoda) in chick embryos. 19836853021
further studies on resistance to fasciola hepatica and echinostoma revolutum in mice infected with schistosoma sp.schistosoma sp. induced cross-resistance to a challenge with fasciola hepatica and echinostoma revolutum was studied in mice. primary patent 56-days-old s. intercalatum and s. bovis infections stimulated a statistically significant level of resistance to a challenge with f. hepatica, and primary patent 100-day-old s. bovis infections induced an almost complete resistance to a challenge with e. revolutum. primary single-sex s. mansoni infections, either male or female, aged 90 days did not stimul ...19817314810
echinostoma revolutum: labeling of miracidia with radioselenium in vivo and assay for host finding. 19807389859
homologous immunotolerance and decreased resistance to schistosoma mansoni in echinostoma revolutum-infected mice.homologous immunotolerance was demonstrated in echinostoma revolutum infections in the mouse. high-level infections of about 15 worms were not expelled for a period of at least 61 days following infection, whereas low-level infections of about 10 to 12 worms or below were eliminated completely between day 47 and 61 after infection. a primary, 20- to 33-day-old, heavy e. revolutum infection in the mouse produced a statistically significant increase in the number of schistosoma mansoni recovered i ...19817241274
the occurrence and identification of echinostoma revolutum from north american lymnaea elodes snails.lymnaea elodes snails collected in northern indiana, u.s.a., were infected with larval stages of an echinostome bearing 37 collar spines and resembling members of the echinostoma group. the taxonomic status of this digenean was determined through experimental infections of various definitive and first-intermediate hosts. in addition, characteristics of the penetration and paraesophageal glands in cercariae from this echinostomatid were compared with those from e. revolutum and e. trivolvis. resu ...19979057720
homologous and heterologous resistance in echinostoma revolutum infections in mice.homologous and heterologous resistance in echinostoma revolutum infections was studied in mice. a high level of homologous resistance was demonstrated in mice harbouring a 13-day-old primary e. revolutum infection with 9--10 and 11--15 worms, corresponding to a 70.0 and 66.7% reduction in the size of the established worm burden as compared with that of the challenge control group. a 14- and 20-day-old primary infection with 3--4 worms induced a level of resistance of 61.7 and 81.8% respectively, ...19807393619
in vivo and ectopic encystment of echinostoma revolutum and chemical excystation of the metacercariae.in vivo and ectopic encystment of the cercariae of echinostoma revolutum from lymnaea elodes snails in indiana and chemical excystation of the metacercariae were studied. in vivo encystment occurred in adults of biomphalaria glabrata and helisoma trivolvis (colorado strain) snails and in neonatal and juvenile l. elodes snails. these results were expected because 37-collar-spined echinostoma species show broad specificity in their second intermediate gastropod hosts. encysted metacercariae of e. ...19979105306
observations on echinostoma revolutum and echinostoma trivolvis in single and concurrent infections in domestic chicks.studies were done to determine specific differences between adults of echinostoma revolutum and echinostoma trivolvis grown singly and concurrently in domestic chicks. worm recovery at 10-21 days post-infection (p.i.) of e. revolutum and e. trivolvis in singly infected chicks was 21 and 17%, respectively; in concurrent infections, worm recovery for e. revolutum and e. trivolvis was 21 and 16%, respectively. the body area of e. trivolvis was 1.5-2.0 times greater than that of e. revolutum at 10-2 ...19979421718
helminths and ectoparasites of the common snipe (capella gallinago l.) from southwest texas and monte vista national wildlife refuge, colorado.sixty common snipe, (capella gallinago), collected from hudspeth county, texas and 13 collected from monte vista national wildlife refuge, colorado were examined for metazoan parasites. the parasites recovered were cestoda: amoebotaenia fuhrmanni, haploparaxis brachyphallos, haploparaxis crassirostris, haploparaxis echinovatum, haploparaxis sp., hymenolepis calumnacantha, hymenolepis sp. i, hymenolepis sp. ii; trematoda: cyclocoelum mutabile, echinostoma revolutum, tanaisia fedtschenkoi; nematod ...19807463609
finding and recognition of the snail intermediate hosts by 3 species of echinostome cercariae.finding and recognition of snail second intermediate hosts was studied in cercariae of 3 echinostome species. the cercariae of the 3 species accumulated in snail-conditioned water (scw) with 2 types of orientation mechanisms and responded to different small molecular weight ( < 500 da) components of scw. pseudechinoparyphium echinatum and echinostoma revolutum cercariae returned by swimming an arc, when swimming in decreasing concentration gradients of scw (turn-back swimming). the stimulating c ...19957885732
chemo-orientation of echinostome cercariae towards their snail hosts: the stimulating structure of amino acids and other attractants.the cercariae of pseudechinoparyphium echinatum and echinostoma revolutum locate their host snails by turning back when swimming in decreasing gradients of the small molecular weight fraction (< 500) of snail conditioned water. fractionation and chemical modifications of snail conditioned water from lymnaea stagnalis showed that amino acids are necessary for the stimulating activity of snail conditioned water. a complete mixture of amino acids in concentrations determined from snail conditioned ...19989559370
infectivity and growth of echinostoma revolutum (froelich, 1802) in the domestic chick.infectivity and growth studies in domestic chicks were carried out on a strain of echinostoma revolutum isolated from lymnaea elodes snails in indiana, u.s.a. of 21 chicks, each fed 40 +/- 10 cysts of echinostoma revolutum, 16 (64%) were infected with a total of 269 (32%) worms from approximately 840 cysts. worms were found only in the ceca and rectum at 2-14 days p.i. in vivo excysted metacercariae were obtained in the lower ileum and ceca at 4 h p.i. excysted metacercariae averaged 0.2 mm in l ...19979076539
chemo-orientation of echinostome cercariae towards their snail hosts: amino acids signal a low host-specificity.the cercariae of pseudechinoparyphium echinatum and echinostoma revolutum approach their intermediate host snails by turning back when swimming in decreasing concentration gradients of snail conditioned water. host stimuli are small molecular amino compounds, probably amino acids. this response was inhibited reversibly when the cercariae were treated with 0.45 microm-silver nitrate. as silver nitrate binds to the ciliated papillae of the cercarial surface, papillar chemoreceptors may be involved ...19989559369
intraspecific variation in the rdna its loci of 37-collar-spined echinostomes from north america: implications for sequence-based diagnoses and phylogenetics.the recent finding of the 37-collar-spined echinostoma revolutum in north america prompted rdna nucleotide sequence comparisons between this worm and the sympatric echinostoma trivolvis. three isolates of e. revolutum from distinct sites and 2 isolates of e. trivolvis collected from a single site were used in this analysis. sequence data were compared to those from previously sequenced members of the 37-collar-spine group. the 3 north american isolates of e. revolutum were found to be identical, ...19989794643
[the helminth fauna of indigenous white storks (ciconia ciconia)].120 carcasses of white storks originating from the federal countries saxonia-anhalt and brandenburg where examined between 1994 and 2000 for internal parasites. the established parasite spectrum consisted of 8 trematode (tylodelphis excavata, chaunocephalus ferox, cathemasia hians, echinostoma revolutum, echinoparyphium sp., monilifer spinulosus, ignavia ciconiae and brachylaimus sp.), 4 cestode (anomotaenia discoidea and 3 hymenolepidae species) and at least 3 nematode species (capillaria spp., ...200212481650
mitochondrial nd1 gene sequences used to identify echinostome isolates from australia and new zealand.echinostomes were collected in australia and new zealand as cercariae, metacercariae or adults. using dna sequences from the mitochondrial nd1 gene echinostoma revolutum and echinostoma paraensei were discovered in australia. the presence of a further five, as yet unidentified, echinostome species was inferred in northern australia and a further isolate, closely allied to e. revolutum, occurs in new zealand. nd1 sequences of species within the genus diverge from each other by 9.6-30.8%. sequence ...19989559367
[human parasitizing echinostomatata (trematoda, fasciolidae) in mammals in belorussian forest zone].domestic and wild mammals in byelorussian polesye have been found to have 3 species of echinostomatates known as human parasites: echinochasmus perfoliatus (ratz, 1908), echinostoma revolutum (froelich, 1802) and isthmiophora (= euraryphium) melis (schrank, 1788). human beings may be infected on ingestion of mollusks, fish, and amphibia (frogs) invaded with larvae of these helminths. although, cases of human invasion have not been recorded in byelarus, there is an infection risk group, this shou ...200212224269
photo- and geo-orientation by echinostome cercariae results in habitat selection.the effect of light and gravity on orientation was studied in cercariae of 4 echinostome species: pseudechinoparyphium echinatum, echinostoma revolutum, hypoderaeum conoideum, and isthmiophora melis. the cercariae were placed into vertical and horizontal cuvettes, illuminated with 2 different light intensities from various directions, and their distribution recorded for 6 hr each species showed its individual pattern of horizontal photo-orientation and geo-orientation, with distinct changes duri ...200111426711
infection status with helminthes in feral cats purchased from a market in busan, republic of korea.the present study was performed to investigate the infection status with helminth in a group of feral cats in korea. more than 29 helminth species including adults or eggs were detected in visceral and fecal samples of the examined cats. among these were a host of nematodes, including toxocarids, ancylostoma sp. and the larva of anisakis simplex; trematodes, including clonorchis sinensis, paragonimus westermani, eurytrema pancreaticum, pharyngostomum cordatum, metagonimus spp., heterophyes nocen ...200516192750
storage and incubation of echinostoma revolutum eggs recovered from wild branta canadensis, and their infectivity to lymnaea tomentosa snails.echinostoma revolutum eggs recovered from naturally infected wild canada geese (branta canadensis) were cold stored (4-6 degrees c) for up to 72 weeks. successful hatching followed incubation for from 6 to 8 days at an optimum temperature of between 25 and 30 degrees c. a partial life cycle from adult worm to metacercarial encystment in lymnaea tomentosa snails was completed in the laboratory. snails were infected both by free miracidia and by ingestment of unhatched embryonated eggs. infection ...200516336715
do larvae of trichobilharzia szidati and echinostoma revolutum generate behavioral fever in lymnaea stagnalis individuals?the objective of this study was to determine whether individuals of lymnaea stagnalis naturally parasitized with trichobilharzia szidati and echinostoma revolutum can generate the behavioral fever against larvae of those parasites. thermal preferences of each snail were examined in an oblong thermal gradient during 48 h observation. uninfected animals under study chose higher temperatures than those releasing cercariae of parasites. infected snails kept in constant temperature lived shorter than ...200515952039
effects of diet and echinostoma revolutum infection on energy allocation patterns in juvenile lymnaea elodes snails.resource allocation strategies may be influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of both parasitism and diet quality on the growth, reproduction, and survival of the pond snail, lymnaea elodes. in addition, we assessed parasite growth and reproduction. high-protein (high diet) or low-protein diets (low diet) were fed to juvenile l. elodes snails that were either exposed or sham-exposed to the castrating trematode, echinostoma revolutum ...200312647119
phylogenetic relationships of echinostoma rudolphi, 1809 (digenea: echinostomatidae) and related genera re-assessed via dna and morphological analyses.in order to investigate the relationships within the echinostomatidae two data sets of gene sequences were analysed. the first consisted of all previously published nd1 sequences (20) together with 17 new sequences. the latter represented six species from the cosmopolitan genera echinostoma, echinoparyphium, hypoderaeum and isthmiophora. the second data-set of its sequences again included all previously published sequences (12) and three new sequences from species of echinostoma, echinoparyphium ...200312652069
differences in shell shape of naturally infected lymnaea stagnalis (l.) individuals as the effect of the activity of digenetic trematode larvae.the shells of lymnaea stagnalis show great morphological variability. this phenomenon has been described as the result of an environmental influence. the main object of the present study was to compare some biometric data from shells of naturally infected and uninfected snails from 25 different lakes in the central part of poland. the height of the shell, the height of the spiral, and the width of the shell were measured. some inter- and intrapopulation differences among individuals were found. ...200516419747
cross-sectional survey on helminth infections of chickens in the samsun region, turkey.a cross-sectional survey was performed to determine the prevalence and intensity of helminth infections in 185 chickens from nine districts in the samsun region, northern turkey between july 1999 and june 2000. in total, 88% of 83 scavenging chickens and 4% of 52 layers from laying batteries were infected, but none of the 50 broilers harboured helminths in the alimentary tract or trachea. the difference in prevalence was statistically significant among broilers, layers from laying batteries and ...200818605376
echinostome metacercariae cyst elimination in rana clamitans (green frog) tadpoles is age-dependent.host response to parasite exposure is an important determinant of the outcome of host-parasite interactions. factors such as host body condition and age can strongly influence host response to parasites and infection. this study followed echinostoma revolutum infection levels in larval green frogs (rana clamitans) exposed at 2 different ages. tadpoles at early developmental stages are more susceptible to the adverse effects of echinostomes. green frog tadpoles approximately 2 wk apart in age and ...200918850770
a survey of waterfowl for echinostomes and schistosomes from lake wanaka and the waitaki river watershed, new zealand.waterfowl from lake wanaka and the waitaki lakes watershed of new zealand's south island were surveyed to find natural hosts with adult echinostomes and schistosomes to provide sufficient numbers of eggs for laboratory studies. the canada goose (branta canadensis) was found to host an echinostome determined to be a new zealand strain of echinostoma revolutum. the new zealand scaup (aythya novaeseelandia) concurrently hosts three species of echinostomes (e. revolutum, echinoparyphium cinctum and ...200616469170
biological control of fasciola gigantica with echinostoma revolutum.a field trial was carried out in west java to investigate the potential for control of fasciolosis of antagonism between larvae of fasciola gigantica and echinostoma revolutum in lymnaea rubiginosa. the trial was undertaken in 26 farmers' irrigated rice fields, each chosen because it was adjacent to a cattle pen the effluent from which flowed into or was used as fertiliser in the rice field. fourteen of the fields chosen at random were retained as controls and received no treatment while in 12, ...200616854529
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