| percentage of glycosylated hemoglobin and serum concentration of glucose in the blood of japanese macaques and in three exotic ruminant species. | serum glucose concentrations and percentages of glycosylated hemoglobin (ghb) were determined in 16 japanese macaques and in 19 exotic ruminants (4 markhor, 5 mouflon, 10 aoudad). mean (+/- sd) serum glucose concentration and ghb percentage in the japanese macaques were 73 +/- 21.8 mg/dl and 4.7 +/- 0.82%, respectively. serum glucose concentration was considered within the normal range for this species. the mean ghb percentage was within the normal range for man, indicating that ghb may be a val ... | 1986 | 3752690 |
| bezoar (capra aegagrus) is a matriarchal candidate for ancestor of domestic goat (capra hircus): evidence from the mitochondrial dna diversity. | the leading hypothesis on the ancestor of domestic goats (capra hircus) is that it is the wild goat called the bezoar or pasang (capra aegagrus). to verify this hypothesis, we sequenced and compared the cytochrome b gene of mitochondrial dna from six domestic goats and bezoar. a further sequence for the markhor was taken from the database. in total we detected 51 nucleotide substitutions among the domestic goats, bezoar and markhor. however, only one specific nucleotide substitution was found be ... | 1997 | 9475956 |
| mitochondrial dna reveal that domestic goat (capra hircus) are genetically affected by two subspecies of bezoar (capra aegagurus). | this article describes the complete sequences of the mitochondrial dna displacement loop (d-loop) region and cytochrome b gene from domestic goats in laos (laos native) and wild goat "markhor" (c. falconeri). the wild goat "bezoar" (capra aegagrus) has been considered to be the strongest candidate for the ancestor of the domestic goats (c. hircus); however, there is not sufficient molecular data to verify the hypothesis at present. in phylogenetic analyses, two wild goats, the markhor and the ib ... | 2001 | 11530852 |
| evolutionary history of the genus capra (mammalia, artiodactyla): discordance between mitochondrial dna and y-chromosome phylogenies. | the systematics of the genus capra remain controversial in spite of studies conducted using morphology, mtdna, and allozymes. here, we assess the evolutionary history of capra (i) using phylogenetic analysis of two nuclear genes located on the y-chromosome and (ii) previously published and new cytochrome b sequences. for the y-chromosome phylogeny, we sequenced segments from the amelogenin (amely) and zinc finger (zfy) genes from all of the eight wild taxa and from domestic goats (capra hircus). ... | 2006 | 16757184 |
| evidence for introgressive hybridization of captive markhor (capra falconeri) with domestic goat: cautions for reintroduction. | markhors (capra falconeri) are among the most endangered mammal species, and several conservation measures, including ex situ breeding, are implemented to prevent their extinction. we studied sequence diversity and differentiation of the first hypervariable segment of the mitochondrial dna control region among c. f. heptneri and c. f. megaceros kept in four zoos in relationship to lineages of other wild and domestic goats, to assess for the first time the level of molecular distinctness and vari ... | 2008 | 18228130 |
| [genetic diversity and origin of mitochondrial dna d-loop region for some domestic goat breeds of china]. | the complete sequences of mitochondrial dna d-loop of 140 individuals in 10 chinese goat (capra hiruc) breeds were analyzed by dna sequencing technology. the results showed that the length of mtdna d-loop in chinese goats was 1 211-1 213 bp. there were 84 different haplotypes and 171 polymorphic sites. the mean nucleotide diversity (pi) and haplotype diversity (hd) were 0.02063+/+0.00225 and 0.988+/-0.003, respectively, and the average number of nucleotide differences (k) was 24.896. the results ... | 2008 | 18779178 |
| diagnosis and treatment of babesia odocoilei in captive reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) and recognition of three novel host species. | two captive reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) at a new york zoological institution were diagnosed with babesia odocoilei. clinical signs consistent with acute babesiosis included fever, hemoglobinuria, and hemolytic anemia. both episodes were precipitated by stressful events that may have compromised their immunocompetence. the diagnosis was confirmed by visualization of intraerythrocytic parasites on stained blood smears, polymerase chain reaction, and speciation of the babesia by sequencin ... | 2009 | 19368255 |
| enteric co-innervation of esophageal striated muscle fibers: a phylogenetic study. | enteric co-innervation of striated muscle fibers in the esophagus occurs in several mammalian species including humans. however, the functional significance is still unknown. phylogenetic data may be instrumental in gaining further insight. we examined the bat glossophaga soricina and the shrew suncus murinus as representatives for phylogenetically old mammals. as ruminants the antelope tragelaphus imberbis, the he-goat capra falconeri and the sheep ovis aries were selected. as non-mammals the c ... | 2009 | 19748835 |
| fatal outbreak of mycoplasma capricolum pneumonia in endangered markhors. | a pneumonia outbreak reduced the numbers of a wild population of endangered markhors (capra falconeri) in tajikistan in 2010. the infection was diagnosed by histologic examination and bacteriologic testing. mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum was the sole infectious agent detected. cross-species transmission from domestic goats may have occurred. | 2011 | 22172532 |
| seroprevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and tick-borne encephalitis virus in zoo animal species in the czech republic. | this study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of antibodies against borrelia bugdorferi (bb) s.l. and tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) in zoo animals in the czech republic. we collected 133 serum samples from 69 animal species from 5 zoos located in different parts of the country. the samples were obtained from even-toed ungulates (n=78; 42 species), odd-toed ungulates (n=32; 11 species), carnivores (n=13; 9 species), primates (n=2, 2 species), birds (n=3; 2 species), and reptiles (n=5 ... | 2014 | 24889036 |
| infection levels of protostrongylid nematodes in definitive caprine and intermediate gastropod hosts from uzbekistan. | morphological analysis of lungworms collected among caprinae from uzbekistan resulted in the identification of four species of protostrongylidae: protostrongylus rufescens, protostrongylus hobmaieri, spiculocaulus leuckarti and cystocaulus ocreatus. the following species were recorded as definitive hosts: ovis aries, ovis ammon, ovis vignei, capra hircus, capra falconeri and capra sibirica. the prevalence of p. rufescens reached 45.3%, followed by s. leuckarti and c. ocreatus with 31.7% and p. h ... | 2017 | 27018914 |
| characterization and cryopreservation of semen from endangered markhor goats (capra falconeri heptneri) with evaluation of reproductive seasonality. | the aims of this study were to determine the reproductive seasonality of four captive markhor goats (capra falconeri heptneri), to characterize semen collected by electroejaculation, and to compare extenders and processing techniques for semen cryopreservation. over the course of 1 yr, mean monthly scrotal circumference, serum testosterone, and fecal testosterone were measured and found to be inversely associated with day length. maximum scrotal circumference (25.2 +/- 0.9 cm), serum testosteron ... | 2013 | 24063096 |
| parasites of markhor, urial and chiltan wild goat in pakistan | parasites are transferred between domestic and wild animals, when host animals come in contact with each other, particularly while grazing the same pastures, or when using same water bodies for drinking. chances of parasite transmission and adaptation are high when hosts are genetically related. afghan urial (ovis vignei blanfordi), suleiman markhor (capra falconeri jerdoni) and chiltan wild goat (c. aegagrus chialtanensis) are wild kin of domestic sheep and goats, sharing numerous parasitic dis ... | 2020 | 32198990 |
| macroanatomical and histological study of the structure of ıntercornual gland in abaza (capra aegagrus) and georgian (capra falconeri) goats breeds. | the anatomical localization of the odor glands, which increase activity during the reproduction period and help goat species to find each other, varies. in our study, the anatomical and histological structures of the glands around the horn were examined in the georgian and abaza goats, which are native breeds. in this study a total of 12 abaza and georgian goat heads were used. the area between the two horns and area at the back of the horns were shaved to remove all hair. the distance between t ... | 2020 | 32159842 |
| genome-wide definition of selective sweeps reveals molecular evidence of trait-driven domestication among elite goat (capra species) breeds for the production of dairy, cashmere, and meat. | the domestication of wild goats and subsequent intensive trait-driven crossing, inbreeding, and selection have led to dramatic phenotypic purification and intermediate breeds for the high-quality production of dairy, cashmere wool, and meat. genomic resequencing provides a powerful means for the direct identification of trait-associated sequence variations that underlie molecular mechanisms of domestication. | 2018 | 30165633 |
| intravenous vatinoxan in markhors (capra falconeri heptneri) immobilized with intramuscular medetomidine and ketamine-a preliminary dosescreening study. | medetomidine is an α-2 adrenoceptor agonist commonly combined with ketamine for immobilization of nondomestic mammals. however, it may cause some remarkable adverse effects such as bradycardia, hypertension, and hypoxemia. vatinoxan (previously called mk-467 and l-659,066) is an α-2 adrenoceptor antagonist that affects mostly the peripheral receptors due to its minimal ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. therefore it alleviates the peripheral cardiovascular and pulmonary effects of medetom ... | 2019 | 31120674 |