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[modification of the kinetics of healing after iterative exeresis in the rat. action of a triterpenoid and its derivatives on the duration of healing].the authors have studied the action of titrated extract of centella asiatica (teca) on the duration off healing of iterative wounds in the rat. after repeated exeresis, the planimetric quantification of the wounds, by episcopic projection, shows that the healing process involves an immediate phase of dilatation followed by another of contraction. a mathematical analysis has permitted determination of times of semi-healing and has shown that these are significantly lengthened after several exeres ...1978417867
[animal study of the transcutaneous movement of the tritium-labelled active principles of centella asiatica l. extract after administration in impregnated gauze or unguent]. 1977613474
an experimental study of the anti-hsv-ii action of 500 herbal drugs.experimental assessments were made on the anti-hsv-ii action of 500 herbs by determinations of the virus inhibition logarithm (vil). 13 highly effective herbs (vil greater than or equal to 4.00) were screened cut, providing a rational basis for clinical therapy. among these effective herbs, 10 were aqueous extracts of artemisia anomala, centella asiatica, epimedium sagittatum, hibiscus mutabilis, hosta plantaginea, hypericum japonicum, inula japonica, mosla punctata, rhododendron simsii, and rhu ...19892550706
[action of a pentacyclic triterpenoid, asiaticoside, isolated from hydrocotyle masagascariensis or centella asiatica, against gastric ulceration in the wistar rat exposed to cold at 2 degrees c]. 19744211283
[results of a controlled experiment of the titrated extract of centella asiatica in a leper population with perforative foot lesions]. 19744480467
centella asiatica (indian pennywort), an effective therapeutic but a weak sensitizer.the sensitizing capacity of centella asiatica (raw extract) and its triterpenic constituents asiaticoside, asiatic acid and madecassic acid has been studied in guinea pigs. the extract itself as well as the 3 acids were found to be very weak sensitizers. centella asiatica extract is used effectively in the treatment of keloids, leg ulcers, phlebitis, slow-healing wounds, leprosy, surgical lesions, striae distensae and cellulitis. although applied frequently to damaged skin, the risk of acquiring ...19938281778
the effect of tetrandrine and extracts of centella asiatica on acute radiation dermatitis in rats.radiation injury to the skin is one of the major limiting factors in radiotherapy. we designed this study using sprague-dawley rats to evaluate the reduction in skin injury achieved using natural products from plant extracts as protection. the acute skin reaction in tetrandrine- and madecassol-treated animals appeared earlier, but was significantly less severe, than in the control group. the peak skin reactions in the tetrandrine group were less serious than those of the control group at three d ...199910443466
anti-herpes simplex virus activities of crude water extracts of thai medicinal plants.a number of thai medicinal plants, recommended as remedies for herpesvirus infection and have been used in primary health care were investigated for their intracellular activities against herpes simplex viruses (hsv). centella asiatica l., maclura cochinchinensis cornor, and mangifera indica l. contained both anti-hsv-1 and -2 activities, as determined by plaque inhibition assay. an inhibition of the production of infectious hsv-2 virions from infected vero cells could also be demonstrated. comb ...200010715843
electrospray characterization of selected medicinal plant extracts.extracts of selected medicinal plants were examined by electrospray mass spectrometry (esi-ms). this technique allowed identification of the main components of each extract, thereby providing a typical finger-print of the examined plants. more specifically, anthocyanins (vaccinium myrtillus), isoflavones (glycine max, soybean), flavonol-glycosides and terpenes (ginkgo biloba), triterpenes (centella asiatica), caffeoyl-quinic acids (cynara scolymus, artichoke), ginsenosides (panax ginseng), catec ...200010898155
total triterpenic fraction of centella asiatica in chronic venous insufficiency and in high-perfusion microangiopathy.total triterpenic fraction of centella asiatica (ttfca) is effective in improving venous wall alterations in chronic venous hypertension and in protecting the venous endothelium. ttfca is active on connective tissue modulation, improves the synthesis of collagen and other tissue proteins by modulating the action of fibroblasts in the vein wall, and stimulates collagen remodeling in and around the venous wall. this is due to the modulating action of ttfca on fibroblasts as shown by experiments on ...200111666128
radioprotection of swiss albino mouse by centella asiatica extract.centella asiatica, has a considerable reputation in the indian system of medicine. it is a rasayan (general tonic), brain tonic, improves memory and strengthens the cns. in view of its multifarious uses, the plant extract was tested for its radioprotective properties. a sublethal dose of co 60 gamma radiation, i.e. 8 gy was selected for the purpose. animals were divided into two groups. the whole bodies were irradiated with co 60 gamma radiation externally, with and without drug extract. the dru ...200212458490
the healing effects of centella extract and asiaticoside on acetic acid induced gastric ulcers in rats.in this study, the healing effects of centella asiatica water extract (ce) and asiaticoside (ac), an active constituent of ce, on acetic acid induced gastric ulcers (kissing ulcers) in rats were examined. ce was prepared from centella asiatica dry plant and the concentration of ac in ce was quantitatively determined with the use of high performance liquid chromatography analysis. different concentrations of ce and ac were orally administered to rats with kissing ulcers. they were found to reduce ...200414987949
evaluation of the cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of emerging edible plants.this study evaluates the toxic, mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of emerging edible plants that are consumed as new leafy vegetables in taiwan. among eight plant extracts, only the extracts of sol (solanum nigrum l.) showed cytotoxicity to salmonella typhimurium ta100 in the absence of s9 mix. the toxicity of extracts from different parts of the sol plant, such as leaf and stem, immature fruit and mature fruit, towards s. typhimurium ta100 and human lymphocytes was also assayed. the immature ...200111527563
stimulation of asiaticoside accumulation in the whole plant cultures of centella asiatica (l.) urban by elicitors.the effects of a number of different elicitors on asiaticoside production in whole plant cultures of centella asiatica were studied, including yeast extract, cdcl(2), cucl(2) and methyl jasmonate (mj). only mj and yeast extract stimulated asiaticoside production--1.53 and 1.41-fold, respectively. maximum asiaticoside production was achieved following treatment with 0.1 mm mj (116.8 mg/l). the highest asiaticoside production (342.72 mg/l) was obtained after 36 days of elicitation in cultures trea ...200415316748
[effect of total glucosides of centella asiatica on antagonizing liver fibrosis induced by dimethylnitrosamine in rats].to investigate the anti-liver fibrosis effect of total glucosides of centella asiatica (gca) in experimental rats.200415366600
protection against radiation-induced conditioned taste aversion by centella asiatica.radiations are known to cause behavioural perturbations like conditioned taste aversion (cta), performance decrement, learning, etc., even at very low doses. the manifestation of radiation-induced behavioural degradation has not been understood well and requires further studies. therefore, the effects of low-dose whole-body 60co gamma-irradiation in male rats were studied in terms of body weight and cta learning. for cta, the consumption of saccharin solution was considered as a parameter. to pr ...200111399290
inhibitory effects of centella asiatica on azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt focus formation and carcinogenesis in the intestines of f344 rats.effects of the water extract of centella asiatica linn. on formation of azoxymethane (aom)-induced aberrant crypt foci (acf) and intestinal tumorigenesis in male f344 rats were investigated. treatment with the extract significantly decreased the number of larger acf (with four or more crypts per focus) in the large intestine in the early stage, while the number of methylated dna adducts was not decreased compared with that in the aom-treated group. in the post-initiation stage, the extract signi ...200415500935
thai medicinal plants modulate nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in j774.2 mouse macrophages.centella asiatica (ca) and rhinacanthus nasutus (rn) are thai medicinal plants traditionally used to treat a variety of disorders including inflammatory conditions and infections. nitric oxide (no) produced from activated macrophages plays a role in both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes. this study examined whether ca and rn modulate the production of no and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) by j774.2 mouse macrophages. expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) ...200415507334
asiaticoside induction for cell-cycle progression, proliferation and collagen synthesis in human dermal fibroblasts.asiaticoside, isolated from centella asiatica, promotes fibroblast proliferation and extracullar matrix synthesis in wound healing. the precise mechanism, however, in molecular and gene expression levels still remains partially understood. using cdna microarray technology, the alternation of genes expression profiles was determined in a human dermal fibroblast in vitro in the presence of asiaticoside (30 microg/ml). fifty-four genes, with known functions for cell proliferation, cell-cycle progre ...200415533060
a double-blind, placebo-controlled study on the effects of gotu kola (centella asiatica) on acoustic startle response in healthy subjects.investigations of the pharmacologic profile of medicinal plants have revealed that a number of plants with purported anxiolytic activity bind to cholecystokinin (cck) receptors. this finding is intriguing in view of the proposed involvement of cck in the pathophysiology of fear and anxiety. this double-blind, placebo-controlled study was undertaken to evaluate the anxiolytic activity of gotu kola (centella asiatica) in healthy subjects. gotu kola has been used for centuries in ayurvedic and trad ...200011106141
effects of centella asiatica on ethanol induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats.centella asiatica is a herbal medicine widely used in china and india for wound healing. the aim of this study was to examine its effects on the prevention of ethanol induced gastric lesions in rats. gastric transmucosal potential difference (pd) was reduced by the application of 50% ethanol in the gastric ex-vivo chamber model and centella extract (ce) accelerated its recovery. oral administration of ce (0.05 g/kg, 0.25 g/kg and 0.50 g/kg) before ethanol administration significantly inhibited g ...200011104366
antiproliferative constituents from umbelliferae plants vii. active triterpenes and rosmarinic acid from centella asiatica.the antiproliferative constituents in the meoh extract from the aerial parts of centella asiatica were investigated. activity-guided fractionation of meoh extract resulted in the isolation of ursolic acid lactone, ursolic acid, pomolic acid, 2alpha,3alpha-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid, 3-epimaslinic acid, asiatic acid, corosolic acid, and rosmarinic acid. antiproliferative activity of the isolated compounds against human gastric adenocarcinoma (mk-1), human uterine carcinoma (hela), and murine ...200515635187
in vitro evaluation of inhibitory nature of extracts of 18-plant species of chhindwara against 3-keratinophilic fungi.effect of extract of 18 plant species, viz., acorus calamus, adhatoda vasica, amomum subulatum, andrographis paniculata, boerhaavia diffusa, cassia occidentalis, centella asiatica, cymbopogon citratus, hemidesmus indicus, hyptis suaveolens, malvestrum sp., passiflora edulis, pergularia daemia, peristrophe bicalyculata, shuteria hirsuta, solanum nigrum, tecoma stans, and verbascum chinense on the growth of microsporum gypseum, chrysosporium tropicum and trichophyton terrestre was evaluated and di ...199710386016
inhibitory effects of centella asiatica water extract and asiaticoside on inducible nitric oxide synthase during gastric ulcer healing in rats.in this study, the effects of centella asiatica water extract (ce) and its active constituent, asiaticoside (ac), on the expression and activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) during gastric ulcer healing in rats were investigated. ce was prepared from centella asiatica dry plant and the concentration of ac in ce was quantitatively determined with the use of high performance liquid chromatography analysis. different concentrations of ce (0.10 g/kg and 0.25 g/kg) and ac (5 mg/kg and 10 ...200415643549
triterpenes from centella asiatica stimulate extracellular matrix accumulation in rat experimental wounds.titrated extract from centella asiatica (teca) is a drug which has been used for many years in europe for the treatment of wound healing defects. it is a reconstituted mixture of 3 triterpenes extracted from the plant, asiatic acid, madecassic acid and asiaticoside. in this report, we studied the effects of teca and its separated components in the wound chamber model described by schilling et al. stainless steel wound chambers were surgically inserted under the skin of rats and received serial i ...199910356407
in vitro and in vivo wound healing activity of asiaticoside isolated from centella asiatica.the activity of asiaticoside, isolated from centella asiatica, has been studied in normal as well as delayed-type wound healing. in guinea pig punch wounds topical applications of 0.2% solution of asiaticoside produced 56% increase in hydroxyproline, 57% increase in tensile strength, increased collagen content and better epithelisation. in streptozotocin diabetic rats, where healing is delayed, topical application of 0.4% solution of asiaticoside over punch wounds increased hydroxyproline conten ...199910350364
asiaticoside-induced elevation of antioxidant levels in healing wounds.asiaticoside derived from the plant centella asiatica is known to possess good wound healing activity. enhanced healing activity has been attributed to increased collagen formation and angiogenesis. since antioxidants have been reported to play a significant role in the wound healing process we studied the effect of asiaticoside on the levels of certain antioxidants in the wound so as to explore the possible involvement of such a mechanism in the asiaticoside induced wound healing. asiaticoside ...199910189951
advanced formulation and pharmacological activity of hydrogel of the titrated extract of c. asiatica.titrated extract of centella asiatica (teca) contains three principal ingredients, asiaticoside (as), asiatic acid (aa), and madecassic acid (ma). these components are known to be clinically effective on systemic scleroderma, abnormal scar formation, and keloids. however, one problem associated with administration of teca is its low solubility in aqueous as well as oil medium. in this study, various nonionic surfactants and bile salts as anionic surfactant were tested and screened for solubilizi ...200515918527
emerging role of centella asiatica in improving age-related neurological antioxidant status.free radicals have been hypothesized to play an important role in ageing process. there exists an imbalance between free radical production and antioxidant defense mechanism, which may lead to cell death during ageing. our study was designed to determine whether extract of centella asiatica, an antioxidant, when administered orally (300 mg/kg body weight/day) for 60 days would prevent age-related changes in antioxidant defense system, lipid peroxidation (lpo) and protein carbonyl (pco) content i ...200516026958
evaluation of topical formulations of aqueous extract of centella asiatica on open wounds in rats.formulations (ointment, cream and gel) of aqueous extract of c. asiatica, when applied topically, thrice daily for 24 days on the open wounds in rats increased cellular proliferation and collagen synthesis at the wound site, as evidenced by increase in collagen content and tensile strength. the treated wounds epithelialised faster and the rate of wound contraction was higher as compared to control wounds. the process of healing was better with gel formulation when compared to other two formulati ...19989731470
effects of centella asiatica extract on dermal wound healing in rats.effects of oral and topical administration of an alcoholic extract of c. asiatica on rat dermal wound healing was studied. the extract increased cellular proliferation and collagen synthesis at the wound site, as evidenced by increase in dna, protein and collagen content of granulation tissues. quicker and better maturation and crosslinking of collagen was observed in the extract-treated rats, as indicated by the high stability of acid-soluble collagen and increase in aldehyde content and tensil ...19969246912
cytotoxic and anti-tumour properties of certain taxa of umbelliferae with special reference to centella asiatica (l.) urban.centella asiatica (l.) urban (umbelliferae) is commonly used in the ayurvedic system of medicine to treat various diseases. the present study examines the anti-tumour effect of the crude extract (ce) of centella asiatica as well as its partially purified fractions (af) from chromatographic procedures by both in vitro short and long term chemosensitivity and in vivo tumour model test systems. af dose dependently inhibited the proliferation of the transformed cell lines significantly more than did ...19958569247
in vitro experiments with centella asiatica: investigation to elucidate the effect of an indigenously prepared powder of this plant on the acid-fastness and viability of m. tuberculosis.the herb centella asiatica (linn.), found throughout india, is acclaimed to have medicinal properties and has been used in leprosy patients from very early times. it is considered that the active compound of this herb, called asiaticoside, probably acts on the waxy covering of m. leprae. the in vitro effect of an indigenously produced dry powder of centella asiatica (ca) on the acid-fastness and viability of m. tuberculosis was investigated in the present study. the results indicate that ca may ...19947983394
effect of the triterpenoid fraction of centella asiatica on macromolecules of the connective matrix in human skin fibroblast cultures.the mechanism of action of the total triterpenoid fraction extracted from centella asiatica (ttfca) was evaluated using human skin fibroblasts cultures as the experimental system. in particular its influence on the biosynthesis of collagen, fibronectin and proteoglycans was considered. the presence of ttfca (25 micrograms/ml) does not seem to affect cell proliferation, total protein synthesis or the biosynthesis of proteoglycans in a significant way. a statistically important increase was observ ...19883042688
stimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by a triterpene extracted from centella asiatica.the drug "titrated extract from centella asiatica" (teca), used for its stimulating properties on the healing of wounds, is a mixture of 3 terpenes extracted from a tropical plant: asiatic acid (30%, w/w), madecassic acid (30%, w/w) and asiaticoside (40%, w/w). the effects of teca and its individual components were checked on human foreskin fibroblast monolayer cultures. teca increased the collagen synthesis in a dose-dependent fashion whereas a simultaneous decrease in the specific activity of ...19902354631
effects of plant extract centella asiatica (linn.) on cold restraint stress ulcer in rats.extract of c. asiatica (linn.) inhibited significantly gastric ulceration induced by cold and restraint stress (crs) in charles-foster rats, antiulcer activity of plant extract was compared with famotidine (h2-antagonist) and sodium valproate (anti-epileptic). plant extract, formotidine and sodium valproate showed a dose dependent reduction of gastric ulceration. plant extract increased brain gaba level which was also dose dependent. pretreatment with bicuculline methiodide (specific gabaa-antag ...19921293014
total phenolics and antioxidant activities of fenugreek, green tea, black tea, grape seed, ginger, rosemary, gotu kola, and ginkgo extracts, vitamin e, and tert-butylhydroquinone.the total phenolics and antioxidant activities of fenugreek, green tea, black tea, grape seed, ginger, rosemary, gotu kola, and ginkgo extracts, vitamin e, and tert-butylhydroquinone, were determined. grape seed and green tea were analyzed for their phenolic constituents using high-performance liquid chromatography. the total phenolics of the plant extracts, determined by the folin-ciocalteu method, ranged from 24.8 to 92.5 mg of chlorogenic acid equivalent/g dry material. the antioxidant activi ...200415291494
gene expression changes in the human fibroblast induced by centella asiatica triterpenoids.the molecular pathways underlying the diverse biological activity of the triterpeniod compounds isolated from the tropical medicinal plant centella asiatica were studied with gene microarrays and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time rt-pcr) to quantify the expression of 1053 human genes in human fibroblasts. fibroblast cells grown in culture were used as a model system to evaluate the stimulation of wound healing by titrated extract from centella asiatica (teca) a ...200314531023
from medical herbalism to phytotherapy in dermatology: back to the future.plant-based therapeutic preparations are cyclically returning to complement dermatologic therapy. they serve as therapeutic alternatives, safer choices, or in some cases, as the only effective treatment. folk medicine tradition provides different indicators for use than the medical disease model. advantages of multiple synergistic components of crude extracts are discussed, as well as herbs already used in dermatology. bitter digestive stimulants are used for vitiligo. bioflavinoids from buckwhe ...200312919112
effect of centella asiatica on cognition and oxidative stress in an intracerebroventricular streptozotocin model of alzheimer's disease in rats.1. centella asiatica, an indian medicinal plant, has been described as possessing central nervous system activity, such as improving intelligence. in addition, we have demonstrated that c. asiatica has cognitive-enhancing and anti-oxidant properties in normal rats. oxidative stress or an impaired endogenous anti-oxidant mechanism is an important factor that has been implicated in alzheimer's disease (ad) and cognitive deficits seen in the elderly. 2. intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) streptozotoc ...200312859423
effect of centella asiatica on pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling, cognition and oxidative stress in rats.cognitive impairment in epileptics may be a consequence of the epileptogenic process as well as antiepileptic medication. thus, there is a need for drugs, which can suppress epileptogenesis as well as prevent cognitive impairment. in the present study, the effect of aqueous extract of centella asiatica (ca) (100 and 300 mg/kg), an indian medicinal plant known to possess antiepileptic, cognitive-enhancing and antioxidant property, was evaluated on the course of kindling development, kindling-indu ...200312543222
an in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo demonstration of the lipolytic effect of slimming liposomes: an unexpected alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonism.most of the slimming products already developed for cosmetic applications did not result from strategies that integrate whole lipolysis-regulating mechanisms. we thus focused our attention on a more complete integration of these mechanisms and we developed slimming liposomes (slc) containing two micro-circulation activators, i.e., esculoside and centella asiatica extracts, one phosphodiesterase inhibitor, i.e., caffeine, and one fatty acid-beta oxidation activator, i.e., l-carnitine. the validit ...200212219247
in vitro screening of five local medicinal plants for antibacterial activity using disc diffusion method.medicinal plants have many traditional claims including the treatment of ailments of infectious origin. in the evaluation of traditional claims, scientific research is important. the objective of the study was to determine the presence of antibacterial activity in the crude extracts of some of the commonly used medicinal plants in malaysia, andrographis paniculata, vitex negundo, morinda citrifolia, piper sarmentosum, and centella asiatica. in this preliminary investigation, the leaves were used ...200516883283
in vitro anti-hepatoma activity of fifteen natural medicines from canada.fifteen crude drugs, stellaria media cyrill. (caryophyllaceae), calendula officinalis l. (compositae), achillea millefolium l. (compositae), verbascum thapsus l. (scrophulariaceae), plantago major l. (plantaginaceae), borago officinalis l. (boraginaceae), satureja hortensis l. (labiatae), coptis groenlandica salisb. (ranunculaceae), cassia angustifolia vahl. (leguminosae), origanum majorana l. (labiatae), centella asiatica l. (umbelliferae), caulophyllum thalictroides mich. (berberidaceae), pice ...200212203264
effect of different extracts of centella asiatica on cognition and markers of oxidative stress in rats.centella asiatica, a plant mentioned in indian literature has been described to possess cns effects such as stimulatory-nervine tonic, rejuvenant, sedative, tranquilizer and intelligence promoting property. in the present study aqueous, methanolic and chloroform extracts of c. asiatica were investigated for their effect on cognitive functions in rats. male wistar rats of 200-250 g were used to study the effect on learning and memory by using shuttle box, step through, step down and elevated plus ...200211801389
asiatic acid derivatives protect cultured cortical neurons from glutamate-induced excitotoxicity.asiatic acid, a triterpene of centella asiatica (l.) urban (umbelliferae), has been patented as a treatment for dementia and an enhancer of cognition by the hoechst aktiengesellschaft (ep 0 383 171 a2). we modified the chemical structure of asiatic acid and obtained 36 derivatives of asiatic acid in an attempt to prepare neuroprotective compounds that were more efficacious than asiatic acid itself. the neuroprotective activities of these derivatives were evaluated using primary cultures of rat c ...200011758977
wound-healing activity of st. john's wort (hypericum perforatum l.) on chicken embryonic fibroblasts.wound-healing effect of st. john's wort (hypericum perforatum l.) extract was evaluated by comparing with dexpanthenol and titrated extract of centella asiatica (teca) on cultured chicken embryonic fibroblasts. chicken embryonic fibroblasts from fertilized eggs were incubated with the plant extract, dexpanthenol and teca. using microscopical methods by staining cells, mitotic ability, morphologic changes and collagen production in the cultured fibroblasts were evaluated as parameters to approach ...200717156955
dermal fibroblast-associated gene induction by asiaticoside shown in vitro by dna microarray analysis.asiaticoside, isolated from centella asiatica, promotes fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix (ecm) synthesis in wound healing. the precise mechanism, however, in molecular and gene expression levels is still unclear.200415377342
effect of centella asiatica linn on physical and chemical factors induced gastric ulceration and secretion in rats.centella asiatica is commonly mentioned as a rasayana in ayurveda, an ancient system of indian medicine for various ailments including abdominal disorders. rasayanas have been advocated for use in rejuvenation therapy. the present study was conducted to evaluate the possible anti-ulcerogenic activity of fresh juice of c. asiatica (caj) against ethanol-, aspirin-, cold-restraint stress- and pyloric ligation induced gastric ulcers in rats. the drug given orally in doses of 200 and 600 mg/kg twice ...200111480209
protective effect of centella asiatica on antioxidant tissue defense system against adriamycin induced cardiomyopathy in rats.increased oxidative stress and antioxidant deficit have been suggested to play a major role in adriamycin induced cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure due to multiple treatments with adriamycin. in this study the cardio protective effect of centella asiatica on myocardial marker enzymes and antioxidant enzymes in adriamycin induced cardiomyopathy was investigated in rats. the rats administered with adriamycin (2.5 mg/kg body wt, i.p) caused myocardial damage that was manifested by the ele ...200415556170
[asiaticoside inducing apoptosis of tumor cells and enhancing anti-tumor activity of vincristine].asiaticoside (ats), a triterpene extracted from centella asiatica (l.) urban, a traditional chinese herb, possesses good wound healing activities because of its stimulative effect on collagen synthesis. recently, the anti-tumor effect of asiaticiside has been reported. this study was to examine the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells, and the enhancement of vincristine (vcr) cytotoxicity by asiaticoside.200415601545
asiatic acid induces apoptosis in sk-mel-2 human melanoma cells.asiatic acid (aa) is a pentacyclic triterpene found in centella asiatica. in the present study, the mechanism of anticancer effect of aa on skin cancer was investigated. aa decreased viability and induced apoptosis in human melanoma sk-mel-2 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. aa also markedly increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ros) level and enhanced the expression of bax but not bcl-2 protein in the cells. in addition, aa-induced activation of caspase-3 activity in a dose ...200515639343
endophytic fungi from leaves of centella asiatica: occurrence and potential interactions within leaves.fungal endophytes were isolated from leaves of centella asiatica (apiaceae) collected at mangoro (middle eastern region of madagascar, 200 km from antananarivo). forty- five different taxa were recovered. the overall foliar colonization rate was 78%. the most common endophytes were the non-sporulating species 1 (isolation frequency if 19.2%) followed by colletotrichum sp.1 (if 13.2%), guignardia sp. (if 8.5%), glomerella sp. (if 7.7%), an unidentified ascomycete (if 7.2%), the non-sporulating sp ...200817610142
precision improvement for the analysis of flavonoids in selected thai plants by capillary zone electrophoresis.a capillary zone electrophoresis (cze) method for the analyses of kaempferol in centella asiatica and rosa hybrids and rutin in chromolaena odorata was developed. the optimization was performed on analyses of flavonoids (e.g., rutin, kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin, and apigenin) and organic carboxylic acids (e.g., ethacrynic acid and xanthene-9-carboxylic acid) by investigation of the effects of types and amounts of organic modifiers, background electrolyte concentrations, temperature, and vol ...200515690438
screening of indian medicinal plants for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity.the cholinergic hypothesis of alzheimer's disease (ad) has provided the rationale for the current pharmaco-therapy of this disease, in an attempt to reduce the cognitive decline caused by cholinergic deficits. nevertheless, the search for potent and long-acting acetylcholinesterase (ache) inhibitors that exert minimal side effects in ad patients is still ongoing. ache inhibitors are currently the only approved therapy for the treatment of alzheimer's disease; only a limited number of drugs are c ...200717639556
plant medicines of indian origin for wound healing activity: a review.research on wound healing drugs is a developing area in modern biomedical sciences. scientists who are trying to develop newer drugs from natural resources are looking toward the ayurveda, the indian traditional system of medicine. several drugs of plant, mineral, and animal origin are described in the ayurveda for their wound healing properties under the term vranaropaka. most of these drugs are derived from plant origin. some of these plants have been screened scientifically for the evaluation ...200315866825
cloning and expression of a farnesyl diphosphate synthase in centella asiatica (l.) urban.a cdna encoding farnesyl diphosphate synthase (fps; ec2.5.1.1/ec2.5.1.10) was isolated from centella asiacita (l.) urban, using degenerate primers based on two highly conserved domains. a full-length cdna clone was subsequently isolated by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) pcr. the sequence of the cafps (c. asiatica farnesyl diphosphate synthase) cdna contains an open reading frame of 1029 nucleotides encoding 343 amino acids with a molecular mass of 39.6 kda. the deduced cafps amino acid ...200515879717
effects of traditionally used anxiolytic botanicals on enzymes of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) system.in canada, the use of botanical natural health products (nhps) for anxiety disorders is on the rise, and a critical evaluation of their safety and efficacy is required. the purpose of this study was to determine whether commercially available botanicals directly affect the primary brain enzymes responsible for gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) metabolism. anxiolytic plants may interact with either glutamic acid decarboxylase (gad) or gaba transaminase (gaba-t) and ultimately influence brain gaba le ...200718066140
phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of some food and medicinal plants.to identify promising sources of antioxidants, some food and medicinal plants were studied for total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity. the leaves, bark and fruits of terminalia arjuna, terminalia bellerica, terminalia chebula and terminalia muelleri, the leaves and fruits of phyllanthus emblica, and the seeds of syzygium cumini were found to have high total phenolic contents (72.0-167.2 mg/g) and high antioxidant activity (69.6-90.6%). leaves of eucalyptusglobulus were a rich source of ...200516096138
centella asiatica accelerates nerve regeneration upon oral administration and contains multiple active fractions increasing neurite elongation in-vitro.axonal regeneration is important for functional recovery following nerve damage. centella asiatica urban herb, also known as hydrocotyle asiatica l., has been used in ayurvedic medicine for centuries as a nerve tonic. here, we show that centella asiatica ethanolic extract (100 microg ml-1) elicits a marked increase in neurite outgrowth in human sh-sy5y cells in the presence of nerve growth factor (ngf). however, a water extract of centella was ineffective at 100 microg ml-1. sub-fractions of cen ...200516105244
evaluation of anxiolytic properties of gotukola--(centella asiatica) extracts and asiaticoside in rat behavioral models.the ayurvedic medicinal plant gotukola (centella asiatica) was evaluated for its anxiolytic properties. specifically, this study assessed the effects of: gotukola plant materials of different genotypic origin; hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of gotukola; and asiaticoside, a triterpenic compound isolated from gotukola. various paradigms were used to assess the anxiolytic activity, including the elevated plus maze (epm), open field, social interaction, locomotor activity, punished drin ...200616488124
asiaticoside induces human collagen i synthesis through tgfbeta receptor i kinase (tbetari kinase)-independent smad signaling.skin aging appears to be principally related to a decrease in the levels of type i collagen, the primary component of the skin dermis. asiaticoside, a saponin component isolated from centella asiatica, has been shown to induce type i collagen synthesis in human dermal fibroblast cells. however, the mechanism underlying asiaticoside-induced type i collagen synthesis, especially at a molecular level, remains only partially understood. in this study, we have attempted to characterize the action mec ...200616557473
changes in brain biogenic amines and haem biosynthesis and their response to combined administration of succimers and centella asiatica in lead poisoned rats.this study was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential of meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (dmsa) and one of its monoesters, monoisoamyl dmsa (miadmsa), individually or when administered in combination with an extract of centella asiatica against experimental lead intoxication in rats. biochemical variables indicative of alterations in the central nervous system and haem biosynthesis were investigated to determine the toxicity in male wistar rats. thirty five rats were exposed to 0.2% ...200616597373
adriamycin induced myocardial failure in rats: protective role of centella asiatica.generation of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in adriamycin induced cardiotoxicity. mitochondrial dysfunction is characterized by the accumulation of oxidized lipids, proteins and dna, leading to disorganization of mitochondrial structure and systolic failure. the present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of centella asiatica on the mitochondrial enzymes; mitochondrial antioxidant status in adriamycin induced myocardial injury. adriamycin (2.5 mg/ ...200716786185
isobolographically additive anticonvulsant activity between centella asiatica's ethyl acetate fraction and some antiepileptic drugs.to investigate interaction between orally given centella asiatica's ethyl acetate fraction (eaca) and intraperitoneally administered antiepileptic drugs (aeds), namely, phenytoin, valproate and gabapentin.200516858951
effect of centella asiatica l (umbelliferae) on normal and dexamethasone-suppressed wound healing in wistar albino rats.centella asiatica is a reputed medicinal plant used in the treatment of various skin diseases in the indian system of medicine. the objective of the study presented in this article was to evaluate the wound-healing potential of the ethanolic extract of the plant in both normal and dexamethasone-suppressed wound healing. the study was done on wistar albino rats using incision, excision, and dead space wounds models. the extract of c asiatica significantly increased the wound breaking strength in ...200616928669
clinical, biometric and structural evaluation of the long-term effects of a topical treatment with ascorbic acid and madecassoside in photoaged human skin.skin ageing is a complex process determined by the genetic endowment of individual and environmental factors, such as sun exposure. the effects of skin ageing are mostly encountered in the superficial dermis and in the epidermis. we have previously demonstrated in vivo the beneficial effect of a topically applied formula of 5% vitamin c in the treatment of skin ageing. another active compound, madecassoside extracted from centella asiatica, known to induce collagen expression and/or to modulate ...200818503551
a review of the microcirculation in skin in patients with chronic venous insufficiency: the problem and the evidence available for therapeutic options.impairment of the cutaneous microcirculation is a major predisposing factor in inflammation and ulceration in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (cvi). increase of capillary filtration rate predisposes to the formation of edema. local lymphedema is a complication of cvi, often underdiagnosed. this review is focused on cvi but excludes the complication of ulceration. treatment of microcirculatory dysfunction can be done by pharmacologic intervention or compression therapy or using a combi ...200616928673
centella asiatica (l.) leaf extract treatment during the growth spurt period enhances hippocampal ca3 neuronal dendritic arborization in rats.centella asiatica (cea) is a creeping plant growing in damp places in india and other asian countries. the leaves of cea are used for memory enhancement in the ayurvedic system of medicine, an alternative system of medicine in india. in this study, we have investigated the effect during the rat growth spurt period of cea fresh leaf extract treatment on the dendritic morphology of hippocampal ca3 neurons, one of the regions of the brain concerned with learning and memory. neonatal rat pups (7 day ...200616951719
chromatographic behaviour of steroidal saponins studied by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.the chromatographic behaviour of steroidal saponins found in anemarrhena asphodeloides, asparagus officinalis, convallaria majalis, digitalis purpurea and ruscus aculeatus was studied by hplc-ms using a c-18 reversed-phase column and aqueous acetonitrile or aqueous methanol mobile phase gradients, with or without the addition of 1% acetic acid. the behaviour was compared to that of triterpene saponins found in aesculus hippocastanum, centella asiatica, panax notoginseng and potentilla tormentill ...200717391684
centella asiatica. 200717397269
an in vitro investigation of herbs traditionally used for kidney and urinary system disorders: potential therapeutic and toxic effects.renal fibrosis is central to progression of most chronic renal pathologies. antioxidants that protect the tubular epithelium and anti-fibrotics that induce apoptosis of pro-fibrotic myofibroblasts without adversely affecting tubular epithelium may slow progression of renal fibrosis, while toxic substances may exacerbate renal scarring. we investigated 47 herbs for their in vitro toxic or antioxidant effects on normal renal mammalian fibroblasts (nrk49f) and tubular epithelial cells (nrk52e) to d ...200918808387
the anti-thrombotic active constituents from centella asiatica.the in vitro effects of a methanol extract from the aerial parts of centella asiatica on shear-induced platelet activation and coagulation were assessed after oral administration to rats, by subjecting non-anticoagulated blood to haemostatometry. 3,5-di-o-caffeoyl quinic acid, 1,5-di-o-caffeoyl quinic acid, 3,4-di-o-caffeoyl quinic acid, 4,5-di-o-caffeoyl quinic acid, and chlorogenic acid, together with asiaticoside, kaempferol, quercetine, kaempferol-3-o-beta-d-glucoside and quercetin-3-o-beta- ...200717473438
a bioactive polyacetylene compound isolated from centella asiatica.a polyacetylene compound was isolated from the aerial parts of centella asiatica. the chemical structure of this new compound was identified as methyl 5-[(e)-9-hydroxy-1-(1-hydroxyhexyl)-2-methoxyundeca-3,10-diene-5,7-diynyloxy]pentanoate (cadiyenol). this compound induces apoptosis (63%) independent of cell cycle regimen in mouse lymphoma cells (p388d1) at 28 microm (ic (50) = 24 +/- 2 microm) in 24 hours. the compound also reduces nitric oxide production by 70 +/- 2% in lipopolysacharride-acti ...200717520525
beneficial effects of centella asiatica aqueous extract against arsenic-induced oxidative stress and essential metal status in rats.the efficacy of an aqueous extract of centella asiatica (100, 200 and 500 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days) was studied in the depletion of arsenic and in the recovery of a few altered biochemical variables in arsenic pre-exposed rats (20 ppm in drinking water for 5 weeks). exposure to arsenic significantly depleted delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (alad) activity, reduced glutathione (gsh) level, superoxide dismutase (sod) and increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (tbars) activity i ...200717600859
enhanced production of asiaticoside from hairy root cultures of centella asiatica (l.) urban elicited by methyl jasmonate.transformed root ("hairy root") cultures have been shown to be a good model for the study of many secondary metabolites. however, economically important compounds such as asiaticoside and madecassoside are produced in insignificant amounts in the root of centella asiatica (l.) urban. to overcome this problem, c. asiatica was transformed using agrobacterium rhizogenes strain r1000 that harbors pcambia1302 encoding the hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) and green fluorescence protein (mgfp5) gene ...200717632725
protective antioxidant effect of centella asiatica bioflavonoids on lead acetate induced neurotoxicity.lead (pb) is a neurotoxic heavy metal and children in the developmental stage are particularly susceptible to toxic effects of lead exposure. the brain is the key organ involved in interpreting and responding to potential stressors. epidemiological investigations have established the relationship between chronic lead exposure and cognitive impairments in young children. excessive production of radical species plays an important role in neuronal pathology resulting from excitotoxic insults, there ...200819025005
a rapid rp-hptlc densitometry method for simultaneous determination of major flavonoids in important medicinal plants.a simple, sensitive, selective, precise, and robust high-performance tlc (hptlc) method was developed and validated for determination of flavonoids in herbal extracts bauhinia variegata, bacopa monnieri, centella asiatica, ginkgo biloba, lonicera japonica, rosa bourboniana, rosa brunonii, and rosa damascena. the hptlc of flavonoids was performed on rp-18 f(254) tlc plates with dual run, water (5% formic acid)/methanol (70:30) and water (5% formic acid)/methanol (50:50) as mobile phases. densitom ...200717654615
comparison of the effects of collagenase and extract of centella asiatica in an experimental model of wound healing: an immunohistochemical and histopathological study.in this study, we compared the effects of collagenase and centella asiatica in the rat model. twenty-seven female rats were divided into three groups, and two full-thickness wounds were made for each animal. collagenase ointment was applied topically to group i and c. asiatica ointment to group ii rats. in group iii, no treatment was applied. on the third day of treatment, wounds on the left side of three animals of each group were excised. on the fifth and eighth day of the treatments, the same ...200819128262
madecassoside attenuates inflammatory response on collagen-induced arthritis in dba/1 mice.madecassoside (ma), a triterpenoid product isolated from centella asiatica, has been described to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. the present study was undertaken to determine whether madecassoside (ma) is efficacious against collagen-induced arthritis (cia) in mice and its possible mechanisms. dba/1j mice were immunized with bovine type ii collagen and treated with ma (3, 10 and 30 mg/kg d, i.g.) from days 21 to 42 after immunization. arthritis was evaluated by hind paw sw ...200919135346
antigenotoxic role of centella asiatica l. extract against cyproterone acetate induced genotoxic damage in cultured human lymphocytes.the majority of the indian population use traditional natural preparations derived from plant material for the treatment of various diseases, and for that reason it becomes necessary to assess the mutagenic potential or modulating action of plants extract when associated with other substances. the genotoxicity testing provides human a risk assessment. earlier in vitro and in vivo studies reveal that the plant extracts from various parts of the plant play a modulating role in xenobiotic effects. ...200817719740
in vitro and in vivo modulation of cartilage degradation by a standardized centella asiatica fraction.osteoarthritis (oa) is a degenerative joint disease in which focal cartilage destruction is one of the primary features. the present study aims to evaluate the effect of a centella asiatica fraction on in vitro and in vivo cartilage degradation. bovine cartilage explants and bovine chondrocytes cultured in alginate were stimulated with il-1 beta in the presence or absence of different concentrations (2, 5 and 10 microg/ml) of a standardized centella asiatica triterpenes (cat) fraction. the cat f ...200919307458
modulation of lipid metabolism by centella asiatica in oxidative stress rats.a study was carried out to investigate the effects of centella asiatica leaf on lipid metabolism of oxidative stress rats. the rats were fed 0.1% hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) with either 0.3% (w/w) c. asiatica extract, 5%c. asiatica powder (w/w), or 0.3% (w/w) alpha-tocopherol for 25 wk. results of the study showed that c. asiatica powder significantly (p < 0.05) lowered serum low-density lipoprotein compared to that of control rats (rats fed h(2)o(2) only). at the end of the study c. asiatica-f ...200919323754
modification of gamma ray induced changes in the mouse hepatocytes by centella asiatica extract: in vivo studies.ionizing radiation, besides causing direct damage also generates reactive oxygen species that are capable of inducing damage to various organs. pretreatment with centella asiatica 1 h prior to irradiation at a dose rate of 100 mg/kg body weight was found to be effective against radiation induced damage in the liver. the number of normal hepatocytes was higher in the centella asiatica pretreated group in comparison with the irradiated only group. the number of binucleated cells and abnormal hepat ...200516161023
a new herbal combination, etana, for enhancing erectile function: an efficacy and safety study in animals.we present herein a new herbal combination called etana that is composed of five herbal extracts including panax quinquelotius (ginseng), eurycoma longifolia (tongkat ali), epimedium grandiflorum (horny goat weed), centella asiatica (gotu kola) and flower pollen extracts. most of the above-mentioned extracts have a long historical and traditional use for erectile dysfunction (ed). on the basis of the mechanism of action of each of the above, a combination is introduced to overcome several physio ...200919494825
protection of dna and membranes from gamma-radiation induced damages by centella asiatica.the objective of the present study was to examine the ability of centella asiatica extract to offer protection to dna and membranes against the deleterious effects of ionizing radiation exposure.200919589237
[effects of total triterpenes of centella asiatica on the corticosterone levels in serum and contents of monoamine in depression rat brain].to investigate the possible effect of antidepressant effect of total triterpentes of centella asiatica.200516209267
characterization of a dammarenediol synthase in centella asiatica (l.) urban.to elucidate the exact function of cabas in centella asiatica, which was previously reported as a putative beta-amyrin synthase [plant cell rep, 24:304-311, 2005], this gene was functionally expressed in the lanosterol synthase-deficient yeast mutant (erg7). after inducing the cabas gene with galactose, a peak consistent with the dammarenediol standard was detected in lc/apcims analyses and the accumulated product was confirmed as dammarenediol. cabas should therefore be renamed to c. asiatica d ...200919796960
adulticidal and larvicidal efficacy of some medicinal plant extracts against tick, fluke and mosquitoes.the adulticidal and larvicidal effect of indigenous plant extracts were investigated against the adult cattle tick haemaphysalis bispinosa neumann, 1897 (acarina: ixodidae), sheep fluke paramphistomum cervi zeder, 1790 (digenea: paramphistomatidae), fourth instar larvae of malaria vector, anopheles subpictus grassi and japanese encephalitis vector, culex tritaeniorhynchus giles (diptera: culicidae). the aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effect of leaf hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ...200919819626
antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of centella asiatica (l) urb.in the present study, the phenolic (folin-dennis) and flavonoid (colorimetric assay) constituents, antioxidant [2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (dpph) assay] and cytotoxic activities of an aqueous extract (ae) of centella asiatica leaves were investigated. the aqueous extract (50 g/l) was obtained by infusion followed by cold maceration for 24 h. the levels of phenolic and flavonoid compounds were 2.86 g/100 g and 0.361 g/100 g, respectively. the ae showed elevated dpph scavenging activity ...200919865514
3,5-dicaffeoyl-4-malonylquinic acid reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in a experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease.the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of 3,5-dicaffeoyl-4-malonylquinic acid (ca1), extract from centella asiatica, in rats subjected to experimental colitis.201019886745
prophylaxis with centella asiatica confers protection to prepubertal mice against 3-nitropropionic-acid-induced oxidative stress in brain.while the usage of centella asiatica (ca) is on the increase worldwide, evidence demonstrating its protective efficacy against neurotoxicants is scarce. hence the present study aimed to understand the neuroprotective efficacy of a standardized aqueous extract of ca against 3-nitropropionic-acid(3-npa)-induced oxidative stress in the brain of prepubertal mice. we assessed the degree of oxidative stress in cytoplasm of brain regions of male mice (4 wk- old) given ca prophylaxis (5 mg/kg bw) for 10 ...201019943239
centella asiatica treatment during postnatal period enhances learning and memory in mice.present investigation was planned to evaluate the nootropic effect of centella asiatica. three months old male swiss albino mice were injected orally with graded doses (200, 500, 700, 1000 mg/kg body weight) of c. asiatica aqueous extract for 15 days to select an effective dose for nootropic studies. animals were tested in radial arm maze to assess the learning and memory performance. based on these results, mice were treated orally with 200 mg/kg of c. asiatica for 15 days from day 15 to day 30 ...200516214185
immunomodulatory activities of centella asiatica and rhinacanthus nasutus extracts.centella asiatica (ca) and rhinacanthus nasutus (rn )have been used for treatment of various illnesses, but the mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. this study focused on the influence of ca and rn extracts on cell-mediated and humoral immune responses. in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs), ca (water extract) and rn (water and ethanol extracts) significantly increased proliferation and the production of il-2 and tnf-alpha. in contrast, an ethanol extract of ca inhibited hu ...200516236006
apoptosis induction of centella asiatica on human breast cancer cells.the present study evaluated the ability of methanolic extract of centella asiatica (linn) urban (umbelliferae) to induce apoptosis in different cancer cell lines. mcf-7 cells emerged as the most sensitive cell line for in vitro growth inhibitory activity. c. asiatica extract induced apoptosis in mcf-7 cells as indicated by nuclear condensation, increased annexin staining, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and induction of dna breaks identified by tunel reactivity. it is possible that the ...200820162036
[healing activity of methanolic extract of the barks of spathodea campanulata beauv (bignoniaceae) in rat experimental burn model].spathodea campanulata beauv. (bignoniaceae) is widely distributed through africa and found in particular in cameroon and senegal. it is used in traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of ulcers, filaria, gonorrhea, diarrhea and fever. s. campanulata was also known in cameroon traditional medicine to have a healing activity in burn wounds. the aim of the present study was to assess the burn healing effectiveness of the methanolic extract of the barks of s. campanulata ointment (mebsco) in c ...200516295762
effect of centella asiatica on arsenic induced oxidative stress and metal distribution in rats.concomitant oral supplementation of centella asiatica (100, 200 or 300 mg kg(-1), orally once daily) during arsenic exposure (20 ppm in drinking water for 4 weeks) was investigated in rats for its protective value. the animals exposed to arsenic (iii) showed a significant inhibition of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (alad) activity, a marginal decrease in glutathione (gsh) and an increase in zinc protoporphyrin (zpp) level in blood. hepatic and renal glutathione (gsh) decreased, while oxi ...200616389662
madecassoside reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury on regional ischemia induced heart infarction in rat.madecassoside (ma), one of the principle terpenoids in centella asiatica, has shown protect effect on isolated rat hearts and isolated cardiomyocytes against reperfusion injury in our previous studies. the aim of this study is to investigate if ma also protected against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo. the ischemia infarction model was established in rats. left ventricular function was monitored during the ischemia-reperfusion period by a multi-channel recorder. after the ischemia ...200818310910
madecassoside suppresses lps-induced tnf-alpha production in cardiomyocytes through inhibition of erk, p38, and nf-kappab activity.madecassoside (ma) is a major triterpenoid component of centella asiatica that has a wide range of biological activities, including wound-healing and antioxidative activities. in the present study, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of ma on rat cardiac dysfunction during sepsis induced by lipopolysaccharide (lps), as well as the possible mechanism. pretreatment of the neonatal rat cardiomyocytes with ma inhibited lps-induced tnf-alpha production in a concentration-dependent manner. in addition ...201020381648
gotu kola (centella asiatica) extract enhances phosphorylation of cyclic amp response element binding protein in neuroblastoma cells expressing amyloid beta peptide.alzheimer's disease (ad) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that shows cognitive deficits and memory impairment. extract from the leaves of gotu kola (centella asiatica) have been used as an alternative medicine for memory improvement in indian ayurvedic system of medicine for a long time. although several studies have revealed its effect in ameliorating the cognitive impairment in rat models of ad and stimulating property on neuronal dendrites of hippocampal region, the molecular mecha ...200818431001
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