| functional analysis of the promoter region of a nodule-enhanced glutamine synthetase gene from phaseolus vulgaris l. | the 5'-flanking region of gln-gamma, the nodule-enhanced glutamine synthetase gene from phaseolus vulgaris l., has been analysed for cis-regulatory elements using a series of 5' deletions and hybrid gln-gamma:: camv 35s promoters. the promoters were fused to the uida reporter gene and their activities tested in two heterologous expression systems. in the first system, the chimaeric genes were transferred to lotus corniculatus l. using agrobacterium rhizogenes and their expression was studied in ... | 1992 | 1353692 |
| forcing expression of a soybean root glutamine synthetase gene in tobacco leaves induces a native gene encoding cytosolic enzyme. | glutamine synthetase (gs; ec 6.3.1.2) is present in different subcellular compartments in plants. it is located in the cytoplasm in root and root nodules while generally present in the chloroplasts in leaves. the expression of gs gene(s) is enhanced in root nodules and in soybean roots treated with ammonia. we have isolated four genes encoding subunits of cytosolic gs from soybean (glycine max l. cv. prize). promoter analysis of one of these genes (gs15) showed that it is expressed in a root-spe ... | 1992 | 1356501 |
| ammonia-regulated expression of a soybean gene encoding cytosolic glutamine synthetase in transgenic lotus corniculatus. | a full-length cdna clone encoding cytosolic glutamine synthetase (gs), expressed in roots and root nodules of soybean, was isolated by direct complementation of an escherichia coli gln a- mutant. this sequence is induced in roots by the availability of ammonia. a 3.5-kilobase promoter fragment of a genomic clone (lambda gs15) corresponding to this cdna was isolated and fused with a reporter [beta-glucuronidase (gus)] gene. the gs-gus fusion was introduced into a legume (lotus corniculatus) and a ... | 1991 | 1688099 |
| functional analysis of the sesbania rostrata leghemoglobin glb3 gene 5'-upstream region in transgenic lotus corniculatus and nicotiana tabacum plants. | expression of the sesbania rostrata leghemoglobin glb3 gene was analyzed in transgenic lotus corniculatus and tobacco plants harboring chimeric glb3-uida (gus) gene fusions to identify cis-acting elements involved in nodule-specific gene expression and general transcriptional control. a 1.9-kilobase fragment of the glb3 5'-upstream region was found to direct a high level of nodule-specific beta-glucuronidase (gus) activity in l. corniculatus, restricted to the rhizobium-infected cells of the nod ... | 1990 | 2136628 |
| nonlegume hemoglobin genes retain organ-specific expression in heterologous transgenic plants. | hemoglobin genes from the nitrogen-fixing nonlegume parasponia andersonii and the related non-nitrogen-fixing nonlegume trema tomentosa have been isolated [landsmann et al. (1986). nature 324, 166-168; bogusz et al. (1988). nature 331, 178-180]. the promoters of these genes have been linked to a beta-glucuronidase reporter gene and introduced into both the nonlegume nicotiana tabacum and the legume lotus corniculatus. both promoters directed root-specific expression in transgenic tobacco. when t ... | 1990 | 2136637 |
| interdependence and nodule specificity of cis-acting regulatory elements in the soybean leghemoglobin lbc3 and n23 gene promoters. | the qualitative and quantitative contributions of four separate cis-acting dna elements controlling the root nodule-specific soybean leghemoglobin lbc3 gene were analyzed in transgenic lotus corniculatus plants. expression from internal deletions in the 5' region between positions -49 and -1956 was monitored from a cat reporter gene. the strong positive element (spe; -1090, -947) responsible for high-level expression was demonstrated to be an organ-specific element by deleting proximal nodule-sp ... | 1990 | 2338938 |
| root nodule specific gene regulation: analysis of the soybean nodulin n23 gene promoter in heterologous symbiotic systems. | the nodulin n23 gene promoter was analysed in transgenic plants using the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) coding sequence as a reporter. a 5' flanking region of less than 1 kb was sufficient for the organ-specific expression of a chimeric n23-cat-3'lbc3 gene in root nodules formed on lotus corniculatus and trifolium repens after infection by their respective rhizobium symbionts. expression was regulated at the level of rna in both species of transgenic plants. promoter deletion analysis ... | 1988 | 3340542 |
| the effect of condensed tannins on the site of digestion of amino acids and other nutrients in sheep fed on lotus corniculatus l. | sheep were used to evaluate the nutritional consequences of a low condensed-tannin concentration (22 g/kg dry matter (dm)) in lotus (lotus corniculatus l.) (control group) compared with lotus given to sheep receiving intraruminal polyethylene glycol (peg) infusion (peg group). peg selectively binds to tannins and prevents tannins from binding proteins. dm intakes (1430 (se 28) g/d) and digestibility of energy (663 (se 4.5) kj/mj intake) were similar for both groups but the apparent digestion of ... | 1987 | 3801377 |
| in vitro digestion of bloat-safe and bloat-causing legumes by rumen microorganisms: gas and foam production. | leaves of three bloat-safe legumes -- birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus l.), sainfoin (onobrychis viciaefolia scop.), and cicer milkvetch (astralagus cicer l.) -- and of three bloat-causing legumes -- alfalfa (medicago sativa l.), red clover (trifolium pratense l.), and white clover (trifolium repens l.) -- were incubated with strained rumen fluid or with mixed rumen fluid and solids. gas released was measured during the early period (0 to 22 h) of this in vitro digestion. gas volume was gre ... | 1980 | 7419778 |
| nodulating strains of rhizobium loti arise through chromosomal symbiotic gene transfer in the environment. | rhizobia were isolated from nodules off a stand of lotus corniculatus established with a single inoculant strain, icmp3153, 7 years earlier in an area devoid of naturalized rhizobium loti. the isolates showed diversity in growth rate, spe i fingerprint of genomic dna, and hybridization pattern to genomic dna probes. the 19% of isolates that grew at the same rate as strain icmp3153 were the only isolates that had the same fingerprint as strain icmp3153. sequencing of part of the 16s rrna gene of ... | 1995 | 7568057 |
| pasture management strategies for reducing the risk of legume bloat in cattle. | results from two decades (1973-1993) of bloat research at kamloops are reviewed. the trials were conducted with groups of ruminally fistulated cattle either grazing or fed daily fresh-cut alfalfa (medicago sativa) herbage. studies were conducted during the growing season (may to september) and in the fall (october and november). the alfalfa was usually in the vegetative to early bloom stages of growth. visual assessments of bloat severity on a scale of 1 to 5 were made .5 to 2 h after feeding st ... | 1995 | 7665381 |
| soybean nodulin-26 gene encoding a channel protein is expressed only in the infected cells of nodules and is regulated differently in roots of homologous and heterologous plants. | nodulin-26 (n-26) is a major peribacteroid membrane protein in soybean root nodules. the gene encoding this protein is a member of an ancient gene family conserved from bacteria to humans. n-26 is specifically expressed in root nodules, while its homolog, soybean putative channel protein, is expressed in vegetative parts of the plant, with its highest level in the root elongation zone. analysis of the soybean n-26 gene showed that its four introns mark the boundaries between transmembrane domain ... | 1993 | 7689881 |
| symbiotic and nonsymbiotic hemoglobin genes of casuarina glauca. | casuarina glauca has a gene encoding hemoglobin (cashb-nonsym). this gene is expressed in a number of plant tissues. casuarina also has a second family of hemoglobin genes (cashb-sym) expressed at a high level in the nodules that casuarina forms in a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with the actinomycete frankia. both the nonsymbiotic and symbiotic genes retained their specific patterns of expression when introduced into the legume lotus corniculatus. we interpret this finding to mean that the controls ... | 1995 | 7756831 |
| the effect of condensed tannins in lotus corniculatus on plasma metabolism of methionine, cystine and inorganic sulphate by sheep. | fresh lotus corniculatus containing 27 g extractable condensed tannin (ct)/kg dry matter (dm) and 8 g bound ct/kg dm was fed at hourly intervals to sheep held in metabolism cages to study the effects of ct on nutrient digestion and on metabolism of methionine, cystine and inorganic sulphate in plasma. polyethylene glycol (peg) was continuously infused into the rumen of half the sheep to remove the effects of ct. principal measurements in the two groups were plasma irreversible loss (irl) rate an ... | 1994 | 7827012 |
| the expression of a chimeric phaseolus vulgaris nodulin 30-gus gene is restricted to the rhizobially infected cells in transgenic lotus corniculatus nodules. | in phaseolus vulgaris there is a nodulin family, npv30, of ca. 30 kda, as detected in an in vitro translation assay [2]. we isolated a gene (npv30-1) for one of the members of this family. the nucleotide sequence of the promoter of npv30-1 contains nodule-specific motifs common to other late nodulin genes. the promoter was fused to the gus reporter gene; this chimeric fusion was introduced into lotus corniculatus via agrobacterium rhizogenes transformation. gus activity was only detected in the ... | 1994 | 7858234 |
| identification of several soybean cytosolic glutamine synthetase transcripts highly or specifically expressed in nodules: expression studies using one of the corresponding genes in transgenic lotus corniculatus. | a dna fragment containing sequences hybridizing to the 5' region of gs15, a gene encoding soybean cytosolic glutamine synthetase, was isolated from a soybean genomic library. mapping and partial sequence analysis of the genomic clone revealed that it encodes a cytosolic gs gene, gs21, which is different from gs15. in parallel, a number of cdna clones encoding cytosolic gs were isolated using the coding region of pgs20 as a probe (pgs20 is a cdna clone which corresponds to a transcript of the gs1 ... | 1995 | 7865779 |
| proanthocyanidins inhibit hydrolysis of leaf proteins by rumen microflora in vitro. | proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins; pa) purified from the leaves of forage legumes trifolium arvense, lotus pedunculatus, lotus corniculatus, dorycnium rectum, coronilla varia, onobrychis viciifolia, or hedysarum coronarium, were added to soluble lucerne (medicago sativa) leaf protein and incubated with strained rumen fluid in vitro. fractions were collected and frozen immediately. denatured proteins were fractionated by sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), sta ... | 1994 | 8031741 |
| a protein binding at-rich sequence in the soybean leghemoglobin c3 promoter is a general cis element that requires proximal dna elements to stimulate transcription. | a nodule nuclear factor, nat2, interacts with two at-rich binding sites (nat2 bs1 and nat2 bs2) in the soybean leghemoglobin (lb) c3 promoter. in transgenic lotus corniculatus nodules, an oligonucleotide containing nat2 bs1 activated an inactive -159 lbc3 promoter when placed immediately upstream of the promoter. the activation was independent of the orientation of nat2 bs1 but was dependent on its position in the promoter. the abilities of different mutated binding sites to activate expression ... | 1994 | 8038605 |
| effect of condensed tannins from birdsfoot trefoil on endoglucanase activity and the digestion of cellulose filter paper by ruminal fungi. | the ruminal fungi neocallimastix frontalis re1, neocallimastix patriciarum 27, piromyces communis 22, and orpinomyces joyonii 19-2 were examined for their ability to digest filter paper in the presence of condensed tannins from birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus l.). for all four fungi, inhibition of endoglucanases was evident at 100 micrograms condensed tannins.ml-1 with nearly complete inhibition at 300 micrograms condensed tannins.ml-1. at 100 and 200 micrograms condensed tannins.ml-1, the ... | 1994 | 8039053 |
| site-specific mutagenesis of the nodule-infected cell expression (nice) element and the at-rich element atre-bs2* of the sesbania rostrata leghemoglobin glb3 promoter. | sesbania rostrata leghemoglobin glb3 (srglb3) promoter sequences responsible for expression in infected cells of transgenic lotus corniculatus nodules were delimited to a 78-bp dral-hinfl fragment. this region, which is located between coordinates -194 to -116 relative to the start codon of the srglb3 gene, was named the nodule-infected cell expression (nice) element. insertion of the nice element into the truncated nopaline synthase promoter was found to confer a nodule-specific expression patt ... | 1994 | 8180496 |
| the quest for a herbal contraceptive. | an oral herbal contraceptive would allow couples control their fertility without consulting a health worker, which in turn would likely markedly increase the number of couples practicing family planning. other advantages of such a contraceptive would include the familiarity rural people have with herbal medicines, the fewer side effects associated with herbal preparations, their ready availability from local sources, and protection of privacy. there are many references to plants in india with ... | 1993 | 8241931 |
| interaction of a rhizobial dna-binding protein with the promoter region of a plant leghemoglobin gene. | a nucleotide sequence was identified approximately 650 bp upstream of the sesbania rostrata leghemoglobin gene srglb3 start codon, which interacts specifically with a proteinaceous dna-binding factor found in nodule extracts but not in extracts from leaves or roots. the binding site for this factor was delimited using footprinting techniques. the dna-binding activity of this factor was found to be heat stable, dependent on divalent cations, and derived from the (infecting) azorhizobium caulinoda ... | 1993 | 8278541 |
| agrobacterium rhizogenes as a vector for transforming higher plants. application in lotus corniculatus transformation. | | 1995 | 8563829 |
| four unnamed species of nonsymbiotic rhizobia isolated from the rhizosphere of lotus corniculatus. | previously, we found that genetically diverse rhizobia nodulating lotus corniculatus at a field site devoid of naturalized rhizobia had symbiotic dna regions identical to those of icmp3153, the inoculant strain used at the site (j. t. sullivan, h. n. patrick, w. l. lowther, d. b. scott, and c. w. ronson, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 92:8985-8989, 1995). in this study, we characterized seven nonsymbiotic rhizobial isolates from the rhizosphere of l. corniculatus. these included two from plants at t ... | 1996 | 8702274 |
| differential expression of the sesbania rostrata leghemoglobin glb3 gene promoter in transgenic legume and non-legume plants. | the involvement of the sesbania rostrata glb3 gene promoter nice (nodule-infected cell expression) element in root-enhanced expression of 5'-srglb3-uida-3'nos chimeric gene was investigated in transgenic nicotiana tabacum plants. the full-length wild-type srglb3 promoter directed root meristem-enhanced expression in transgenic tobacco plants. the expression pattern of nine selected srglb3 promoter mutations in the nice element was examined in transgenic tobacco plants and compared with the patte ... | 1996 | 8806425 |
| novel and complex chromosomal arrangement of rhizobium loti nodulation genes. | a mutational and structural analysis of rhizobium loti nodulation genes in strains nzp2037 and nzp2213 was carried out. unlike the case with other rhizobium strains examined to date, nodb was found on an operon separate from nodacij. sequence analysis of the nodacij and nodb operon regions confirm that r. loti common nod genes have a gene organization different from that of other rhizobium spp. at least 4 copies of nodd-like sequences were identified in r. loti. the complete nucleotide sequence ... | 1996 | 8850088 |
| a system for tissue-specific copper-controllable gene expression in transgenic plants: nodule-specific antisense of aspartate aminotransferase-p2. | a vector system, based on copper controllable gene expression, has been developed to give control over place as well as time of expression of an introduced gene. this system consists of two elements: (1) the yeast ace1 gene encoding a metallo-regulatory transcription factor, ace1, under control of either an organ-specific or a constitutive promoter; and (2) a gene of interest under control of a chimaeric promoter consisting of the 46 bp tata fragment of the camv 35s rna promoter linked to four r ... | 1996 | 8866892 |
| controlling internal parasites in grazing ruminants without recourse to anthelmintics: approaches, experiences and prospects. | interest in ways of raising stock without using anthelmintics has been stimulated by the desire for intensive grazing systems to adopt more sustainable methods of internal parasite control and by potential premiums for "organic" produce. this requires grazing management systems which are practicable and achieve levels of parasite control sufficient to meet realistic production objectives. this paper will summarise 3 years experience of lamb and cattle production without a recourse to anthelminti ... | 1996 | 8923145 |
| cell-specific expression of the promoters of two nonlegume hemoglobin genes in a transgenic legume, lotus corniculatus. | the promoters of the hemoglobin genes from the nitrogen-fixing tree parasponia andersonii and the related nonnitrogen-fixing trema tomentosa both confer beta-glucuronidase reporter gene expression to the central zone of the nodules of a transgenic legume, lotus corniculatus. beta-glucuronidase expression was high in the uninfected interstitial cells and parenchyma of the surrounding boundary layer and was low in the rhizobium-infected cells. this contrasts with the expression of both the p. ande ... | 1997 | 9008386 |
| overexpression of a soybean gene encoding cytosolic glutamine synthetase in shoots of transgenic lotus corniculatus l. plants triggers changes in ammonium assimilation and plant development. | a soybean cytosolic glutamine synthetase gene (gs15) was fused with the constitutive 35s cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) promoter in order to direct overexpression in lotus corniculatus l. plants. following transformation with agrobacterium rhizogenes, eight independent lotus transformants were obtained which synthesized additional cytosolic glutamine synthetase (gs) in the shoots. to eliminate any interference caused by the t-dna from the ri plasmid, three primary transformants were crossed wit ... | 1997 | 9151446 |
| expression of an antirrhinum dihydroflavonol reductase gene results in changes in condensed tannin structure and accumulation in root cultures of lotus corniculatus (bird's foot trefoil). | condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins) are an important factor in the nutritive and dietary quality of many forage crops. we report here experiments aimed at altering the levels and monomer composition of condensed tannins (cts) in 'hairy root' cultures of lotus corniculatus (bird's foot trefoil) using genetic manipulation. an antirrhinum majus dihydroflavonol reductase (dfr) cdna was expressed in sense in l. corniculatus and ct levels in transgenic root cultures were analysed. two co-transformed ... | 1997 | 9349268 |
| differential modification of flavonoid and isoflavonoid biosynthesis with an antisense chalcone synthase construct in transgenic lotus corniculatus. | three clonal genotypes of lotus corniculatus l. (bird's foot trefoil) were transformed with an antisense chalcone synthase (chs) gene construct made using a stress induced chs17 cdna from phaseolus vulgaris under the control of the constitutive camv 35s promoter and nos terminator via agrobacterium rhizogenes. after initial screening, ten antisense and five control co-transformation events from each recipient clonal genotype were analysed. after elicitation with glutathione, the level of tannin ... | 1997 | 9349273 |
| genetic manipulation of condensed tannins in higher plants. ii. analysis of birdsfoot trefoil plants harboring antisense dihydroflavonol reductase constructs | we have produced and analyzed transgenic birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus l.) plants harboring antisense dihydroflavonol reductase (as-dfr) sequences. in initial experiments the effect of introducing three different antisense antirrhinum majus l. dfr constructs into a single recipient genotype (s50) was assessed. there were no obvious effects on plant biomass, but levels of condensed tannins showed a statistical reduction in leaf, stem, and root tissues of some of the antisense lines. trans ... | 1998 | 9501146 |
| lotus corniculatus nodulation specificity is changed by the presence of a soybean lectin gene | plant lectins have been implicated as playing an important role in mediating recognition and specificity in the rhizobium-legume nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. to test this hypothesis, we introduced the soybean lectin gene le1 either behind its own promoter or behind the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter into lotus corniculatus, which is nodulated by r. loti. we found that nodulelike outgrowths developed on transgenic l. corniculatus plant roots in response to bradyrhizobium japonicum, which nod ... | 1998 | 9707526 |
| production, faecal egg counts and worm burdens of ewe lambs which grazed six contrasting forages. | lambs were grazed on monospecific swards of one of six forages, some containing condensed tannins (ct); sulla (hedysarum coronarium), lotus corniculatus and l. pedunculatus and some without ct (lucerne (medicago sativa), plantain (plantago lanceolata) and a ryegrass/white clover pasture (lolium perenne/trifolium repens)) to evaluate effects of forage type on gastrointestinal nematode burdens, faecal egg count as well as liveweight gain (lwg), wool growth and dag formation over a 42-day period. a ... | 1998 | 9877067 |
| a strong constitutive positive element is essential for the ammonium-regulated expression of a soybean gene encoding cytosolic glutamine synthetase. | in order to identify important promoter elements controlling the ammonium-regulated expression of the soybean gene gs15 encoding cytosolic glutamine synthetase, a series of 5' promoter deletions were fused to the gus reporter gene. to allow the detection of positive and negative regulatory elements, a series of 3' deletions were fused to a -90 camv 35s promoter fragment placed upstream of the gus gene. both types of construct were introduced into lotus corniculatus plants and soybean roots via a ... | 1999 | 10092182 |
| a new mesorhizobium loti hambi 1129 phage isolated from polish soil. | phage a1 isolated from the rhizosphere of lotus corniculatus was studied. it had a very narrow host range, as it was active only against mesorhizobium loti hambi 1129. phage a1 was classified as belonging to c bradley's group bacteriophages. the latent period of a1 was 120-130 min and a burst size 13-17 particles per cell. the nature of the phage receptor was examined. lipopolysaccharide from the phage-sensitive strain inactivated phage a1 in contrast to lps from the phage-resistant bacteria. pu ... | 2000 | 10706666 |
| lupine leghemoglobin i: expression in transgenic lotus and tobacco tissues. | the proximal parts of the promoters of the genes for symbiotic-type hemoglobins are generally conserved, but the promoter of the lbi gene of lupine (lulbi) shows some unusual structural features. it lacks typical organ-specific elements characteristic of all the leghemoglobin gene promoters described thus far. we have analysed its functional activity in transgenic lotus corniculatus. a fusion construct between the lbi promoter and the gus reporter gene was expressed mainly in the central zone of ... | 2000 | 10778735 |
| the effect of condensed tannins from seven herbages on trichostrongylus colubriformis larval migration in vitro. | the effects of condensed tannins (ct) extracted from seven forages on the motility of the economically important nematode, trichostrongylus colubriformis (giles, 1892), were evaluated by using a larval migration inhibition (lmi) assay. the assay involved incubation of third stage (l3) exsheathed t. colubriformis larvae with ct extracted from lotus pedunculatus, lotus corniculatus, sulla (hedysarum coronarium), sainfoin (onobrychis viciifolia), dorycnium rectum, dorycnium pentaphyllum and dock (r ... | 2000 | 10833014 |
| characterization of an atrazine-degrading pseudaminobacter sp. isolated from canadian and french agricultural soils. | atrazine, a herbicide widely used in corn production, is a frequently detected groundwater contaminant. fourteen bacterial strains able to use this herbicide as a sole source of nitrogen were isolated from soils obtained from two farms in canada and two farms in france. these strains were indistinguishable from each other based on repetitive extragenic palindromic pcr genomic fingerprinting performed with primers eric1r, eric2, and boxa1r. based on 16s rrna sequence analysis of one representativ ... | 2000 | 10877767 |
| effect of forage legumes containing condensed tannins on lungworm (dictyocaulus sp.) and gastrointestinal parasitism in young red deer (cervus elaphus). | to investigate the effect of feeding forage legumes containing condensed tannins (ct) on internal parasitism, red deer calves were fed either lucerne (medicago sativa; 0.1 per cent ct), birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus; 1.9 per cent ct) or sulla (hedysarum coronarium; 3.5 per cent ct) and trickle-infected with deer-origin gastrointestinal nematode and lungworm (dictyocaulus sp.) larvae for 5 weeks, then slaughtered at 7 weeks. there was a significant negative linear relationship between die ... | 2000 | 10877967 |
| effect of crop rotation and soil cover on alteration of the soil microflora generated by the culture of transgenic plants producing opines. | the culture of transgenic lotus corniculatus plants producing opines, which are bacterial growth substrates, leads to the selection of rhizospheric bacteria able to utilize these substrates. we have investigated the fate of the opine-utilizing community over time under different experimental conditions following elimination of selective pressure exerted by the transgenic plants. these plants were removed from the soil, which was either left unplanted or replanted with wild-type l. corniculatus o ... | 2000 | 10886651 |
| effect of condensed tannins extracted from four forages on the viability of the larvae of deer lungworms and gastrointestinal nematodes. | the inhibitory activity of condensed tannins extracted from four forage legume plants were evaluated by using a larval migration inhibition assay. the first (l1) and third (l3) stages of deer lungworm (dictyocaulus viviparus), and the third stage (l3) of deer gastrointestinal nematodes were incubated with tannins extracted from lotus pedunculatus, lotus corniculatus, sulla (hedysarum coronarium) and sainfoin (onobrychus viciifolia). the tannins extracted from all the forages had inhibitory activ ... | 2000 | 10955893 |
| the implications of condensed tannins on the nutritive value of temperate forages fed to ruminants. | new methodology for measuring forage condensed tannin (ct) content is described and the effects of ct upon forage feeding and nutritive value for ruminant animals are reviewed. ct react with forage proteins in a ph-reversible manner, with reactivity determined by the concentration, structure and molecular mass of the ct. increasing concentrations of ct in lotus corniculatus and lotus pedunculatus reduce the rates of solubilization and degradation of fraction 1 leaf protein in the rumen and incre ... | 1999 | 10999013 |
| symbiosis of astragalus cicer with its microsymbionts: partial nodc gene sequence, host plant specificity, and root nodule structure. | astragalus cicer (cicer milkvetch) nodule bacteria were investigated for host plant specificity and partial nodc gene sequences, whilst their native host was studied for the microscopic structure of root nodules. the strains under investigation formed nodules not only on the original host but also on astragalus glycyphyllos, astragalus sinicus, lotus corniculatus, and phaseolus vulgaris. the nodules induced on the cicer milkvetch were classified as indeterminate and characterized by apical, pers ... | 2000 | 11016697 |
| the effect of birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus) and white clover (trifolium repens) in mixed pasture swards on incoming and established nematode infections in young lambs. | lotus corniculatus l., a leguminous plant containing condensed tannins, is now being evaluated in sweden as a component of mixed pastures. this is because of its high nutritive value, palatability, modest requirement for water, calcium and phosphorous and particularly because it has the ability to survive harsh weather conditions that typify northern scandinavia. this trial was undertaken to assess the possible parasitological benefits of using l. corniculatus when fed as a minor component in a ... | 2000 | 11234969 |
| the bio operon on the acquired symbiosis island of mesorhizobium sp. strain r7a includes a novel gene involved in pimeloyl-coa synthesis. | the symbiosis island of mesorhizobium sp. strain r7a is a 500 kb chromosomal genetic element that upon transfer converts nonsymbiotic mesorhizobia to symbionts able to nodulate and fix nitrogen with lotus corniculatus. four genomic species of nonsymbiotic mesorhizobia have been isolated. all were auxotrophic for thiamin and biotin and three were auxotrophic for nicotinate, whereas derivatives of the strains containing the symbiosis island were prototrophic for all three vitamins. in this work, a ... | 2001 | 11320134 |
| the effect of condensed tannins from lotus pedunculatus and lotus corniculatus on the growth of proteolytic rumen bacteria in vitro and their possible mode of action. | five strains of proteolytic rumen bacteria were treated with condensed tannins (ct) purified from lotus pedunculatus and lotus corniculatus to investigate their effect on the growth of these bacteria in vitro. streptococcus bovis ncfb 2476, eubacterium sp. c124b, prevotella bryantii b14, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens h17c, and clostridium proteoclasticum b316t were tested against 200, 400, and 600 microg ct x ml(-1) extracted from l. pedunculatus and l. corniculatus. in the absence of ct, all bacter ... | 2001 | 11547882 |
| the root-nodule symbiosis between sarothamnus scoparius l. and its microsymbionts. | when nitrogen fixing root nodules are formed, sarothamnus scoparius (broom) is inoculated with its microsymbionts. nodules studied under light and electron microscopy exhibited typical indeterminate nodule histology with apical, persistent meristem, age gradient of nodule tissues, and open vascular bundles, and also with some particular features such as: the presence of mitotic activity in the infected meristematic cells, lack of infection threads, distribution of bacteria by process of host cel ... | 2001 | 11816984 |
| effect of condensed tannins on egg hatching and larval development of trichostrongylus colubriformis in vitro. | the effects of condensed tannins extracted from seven forages on the viability of the eggs and first stage (l1) larvae of the sheep nematode trichostrongylus colubriformis were evaluated in in vitro assays. the extracts of condensed tannins were obtained from lotus pedunculatus (lp), lotus corniculatus (lc), sulla (hedysarum coronarium), sainfoin (onobrychus viciifolia), dorycnium pentaphylum (dp), dorycnium rectum (dr) and dock (rumex obtusifolius). extracts containing 200 to 500 microg/ml redu ... | 2002 | 11837588 |
| the effect of diet fed to lambs on subsequent development of trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae in vitro and on pasture. | contrasting herbage diets were fed to lambs to evaluate their effect on subsequent development of trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae in faeces and on pasture. the diets had either no condensed tannin (ct), lucerne (medicago sativa cv. otaio), white clover (trifolium repens cv. tahora), or had moderate to high concentrations of ct, sulla (hedysarum coronarium cv. grassland aokau), lotus corniculatus (cv. grasslands goldie), l. pedunculatus (cv. grassland maku), dorycnium pentophyllum, and dory ... | 2002 | 11983303 |
| performance of steers grazing rhizomatous and nonrhizomatous birdsfoot trefoil in pure stands and in tall fescue mixtures. | this study investigated the performance of steers grazing rhizomatous birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus l.) (rbft) compared to nonrhizomatous birdsfoot trefoil (bft) in pure stands or when interseeded with endophyte-free tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.; tf). five forage treatments of rbft, bft, tf, rbft+tf, and bft+tf (four replicate paddocks per treatment) were continuously stocked in spring and fall of 1998 and spring of 1999. grazing for individual treatments was terminated when ... | 2002 | 12162667 |
| lotus corniculatus condensed tannins decrease in vivo populations of proteolytic bacteria and affect nitrogen metabolism in the rumen of sheep. | condensed tannins in forage legumes improve the nutrition of sheep by reducing ruminal degradation of plant protein and increasing crude protein flow to the intestine. however, the effects of condensed tannins in forage legumes on rumen bacterial populations in vivo are poorly understood. the aim of this study was to investigate the specific effects of condensed tannins from lotus corniculatus on four proteolytic rumen bacteria in sheep during and after transition from a ryegrass (lolium perenne ... | 2002 | 12489781 |
| the effect of birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus) and chicory (cichorium intybus) on parasite intensities and performance of lambs naturally infected with helminth parasites. | conventionally, farmers rely upon the routine use of anthelmintics to control helminth parasites and their use has proved highly cost-effective. however, several factors, including the emergence of helminths resistant to pharmaceutical anthelmintics, are forcing farmers to seek alternative approaches to parasite control. studies in new zealand have shown that some alternative forages may reduce parasitic infestation in sheep. in the current study, it was found that under uk environmental conditi ... | 2003 | 12581592 |
| measuring gene flow from two birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus) field trials using transgenes as tracer markers. | genetic engineering is becoming a useful tool in the improvement of plants but concern has been expressed about the potential environmental risks of releasing genetically modified (gm) organisms into the environment. attention has focused on pollen dispersal as a major issue in the risk assessment of transgenic crop plants. in this study, pollen-mediated dispersal of transgenes via cross-fertilization was examined. plants of lotus corniculatus l. transformed with either the escherichia coli aspa ... | 2003 | 12755896 |
| effect of flavan-3-ols on in vitro egg hatching, larval development and viability of infective larvae of trichostrongylus colubriformis. | the effects of flavan-3-ols (the monomer units of condensed tannins (ct)) and their galloyl derivatives on the viability of eggs, the development of first stage (l1) larvae, and the viability of the infective larvae of trichostrongylus colubriformis were investigated under in vitro conditions. each of the flavan-3-ol gallates showed some inhibition of egg hatching at 100 microg/ml, and 100% inhibition at 1000 microg/ml, with epigallocatechin gallate being the most effective in the egg hatch (eh) ... | 2003 | 14636684 |
| the effect of dietary forage on the development and survival of helminth parasites in ovine faeces. | studies in new zealand and the uk have shown that lambs grazing birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus) or chicory (cichorium intybus) have reduced parasite intensities compared to lambs grazing ryegrass swards. however, data in the literature on the influence of forages on helminth parasites is equivocal and the underlying mechanisms by which different forage diets may affect these parasites have not been fully determined. the aim of the experiments reported here was to investigate the hypothesi ... | 2003 | 14651879 |
| symbiotic phenotypes and translocated effector proteins of the mesorhizobium loti strain r7a virb/d4 type iv secretion system. | the symbiosis island of mesorhizobium loti strain r7a contains genes with strong similarity to the structural vir genes (virb1-11; vird4) of agrobacterium tumefaciens that encode the type iv secretion system (t4ss) required for t-dna transfer to plants. in contrast, m. loti strain maff303099 lacks these genes but contains genes not present in strain r7a that encode a type iii secretion system (t3ss). here we show by hybridization analysis that most m. loti strains contain the virb/d4 t4ss and no ... | 2004 | 15469524 |
| a comparison of two strategies to modify the hydroxylation of condensed tannin polymers in lotus corniculatus l. | a full-length sense antirrhinum majus dihydroflavonol reductase (dfr) sequence was introduced into birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus l.) in experiments aimed at modifying condensed tannin content and polymer hydroxylation in a predictable manner. analysis of transgenic plants indicated lines that showed enhanced tannin content in leaf and stem tissues. in contrast to previous data from root cultures, levels of propelargonidin units were not markedly elevated in lines with enhanced tannin con ... | 2005 | 15896367 |
| de novo alanine synthesis by bacteroids of mesorhizobium loti is not required for nitrogen transfer in the determinate nodules of lotus corniculatus. | deletion of both alanine dehydrogenase genes (alda) in mesorhizobium loti resulted in the loss of alda enzyme activity from cultured bacteria and bacteroids but had no effect on the symbiotic performance of lotus corniculatus plants. thus, neither indeterminate pea nodules nor determinate l. corniculatus nodules export alanine as the sole nitrogen secretion product. | 2005 | 16030244 |
| suspected photosensitisation in lambs grazing birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus). | suspected photosensitisation occurred in three groups of lambs grazing birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus c.v. grasslands goldie). in one group, sucking lambs aged about 10 weeks, grazing birdsfoot trefoil, developed skin lesions while lambs of a similar age and from the same flock grazing lucerne (medicago sativa) or a mixed sward of both species showed no signs of photosensitisation. affected lambs had lesions on their backs and ears. in a few animals the tips of the ears were shortened by ... | 1995 | 16031826 |
| characterization of condensed tannins purified from legume forages: chromophore production, protein precipitation, and inhibitory effects on cellulose digestion. | to identify simple screening tools for selecting condensed tannin (ct)-containing forages as candidate sources for further study, ct were isolated from nine legumes, and their molecular weights (mw), chromophore production, capacity to precipitate bovine serum albumin (bsa) and fraction 1 protein (rubisco) isolated from alfalfa, and inhibition of filter paper digestion were compared. sources were as follows: leaves of sericea lespedeza (lespedeza cuneata dum.-cours.), crown vetch (coronilla vari ... | 2005 | 16132212 |
| extra thin alginate film: an efficient technique for protoplast culture. | this paper reports an efficient protoplast culture technique, the "extra thin alginate film" technique. the development of this improved method of protoplast culture was an outcome of an assessment of the efficiency and shortcomings of various protoplast culture techniques. the efficiency of this technique was evaluated with two model plant systems, viz., nicotiana tabacum and lotus corniculatus, and a comparison was made with the "thin alginate layer" technique, another efficient protoplast cul ... | 2005 | 16244810 |
| n-hexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone, a mediator of bacterial quorum-sensing regulation, exhibits plant-dependent stability and may be inactivated by germinating lotus corniculatus seedlings. | the half-life of n-hexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (c6-hsl) was determined under various ph and temperature conditions, and in several plant environments. c6-hsl was sensitive to alkaline ph, a process that was also temperature-dependent. in addition, c6-hsl disappeared from plant environments, i.e. axenic monocot and dicot plants cultivated under gnotobiotic, hydroponic conditions, albeit with variable kinetics. the disappearance was rapid at the root system of legume plants such as clover or lot ... | 2004 | 16329888 |
| effects of condensed tannins on endoglucanase activity and filter paper digestion by fibrobacter succinogenes s85. | the effect of condensed tannins from birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus l.) on the cellulolytic rumen bacterium fibrobacter succinogenes s85 was examined. condensed tannins inhibited endoglucanase activity in the extracellular culture fluid, at concentrations as low as 25 mug ml. in contrast, cell-associated endoglucanase activity increased in concentrations of condensed tannins between 100 and 300 mug ml. inhibition of endoglucanase activity in both the extracellular and the cell-associated ... | 1993 | 16348990 |
| 5' analysis of the soybean leghaemoglobin lbc(3) gene: regulatory elements required for promoter activity and organ specificity. | the soybean leghaemoglobin lbc(3) gene promoter was analysed in transgenic lotus corniculatus plants. hybrid-promoter constructions and 5' deletions were studied using chimeric genes composed of the various promoters, the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) coding sequence and the lbc(3) 3' flanking region. a 5' bal31 deletion series mapped a strong positive regulatory element between -1100 and -950. a weaker element located between -230 and -170 defined the minimum 5' region required for de ... | 1987 | 16453808 |
| the effects of birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus) and chicory (cichorium intybus) when compared with perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne) on ovine gastrointestinal parasite development, survival and migration. | two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of birdsfoot trefoil and chicory on parasitic nematode development, survival and migration when compared with perennial ryegrass. in experiment one, sheep faeces, containing 10,385 cooperia curticei eggs were added to 25 cm diameter pots containing birdsfoot trefoil, chicory or ryegrass, and the pots maintained under optimal conditions for nematode parasite development. replicate pots of each forage type were destructively sampled on day ... | 2006 | 16495015 |
| expression of a complete soybean leghemoglobin gene in root nodules of transgenic lotus corniculatus. | the complete soybean leghemoglobin lbc(3) gene was transferred into the legume lotus corniculatus using an agrobacterium rhizogenes vector system. organ-specific expression of the soybean gene was observed in root nodules formed on regenerated transgenic plants after infection with rhizobium loti. the primary transcript was processed in the same way as in soybean nodules and the resulting mrna was translated into lbc(3) protein. quantitative determination of the lbc(3) protein in nodules of tran ... | 1987 | 16593870 |
| hairy roots are more sensitive to auxin than normal roots. | responses to auxin of lotus corniculatus root tips or protoplasts transformed by agrobacterium rhizogenes strains 15834 and 8196 were compared to those of their normal counterparts. three different types of experiments were performed, involving long-term, medium-term, or short-term responses to a synthetic auxin, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid. root tip elongation, proton excretion by root tips, and transmembrane electrical potential difference of root protoplasts were measured as a function of exogen ... | 1988 | 16593928 |
| high sensitivity to auxin is a common feature of hairy root. | the responses to auxin of lycopersicon esculentum roots transformed by (t(l)+t(r))-dna of the ri plasmid of agropine-type agrobacterium rhizogenes strain 15834 and catharanthus trichophyllus roots transformed by the (t(l)+t(r))-dna, and by t(l)- or t(r)- dna alone of the same bacterial strain were compared to that of their normal counterparts. the transmembrane electrical potential difference of root protoplasts was measured as a function of the concentration of exogenous naphthalene acetic acid ... | 1990 | 16667748 |
| toxicity of phenolic compounds extracted from bark residues of different ages. | in quebec, canada, industrial bark wastelands cover several hundred hectares of land. bark residue that has piled up for decades tends to remain free of vegetation for years. to assess the revegetation potential of such sites, we sought to determine those factors responsible for poor plant growth. phenolic compounds from fresh to 20-year-old bark residues were extracted with four solvents and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc). we simulated solutions (mixtures of standar ... | 2006 | 17089184 |
| ectopic expression of a basic helix-loop-helix gene transactivates parallel pathways of proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. structure, expression analysis, and genetic control of leucoanthocyanidin 4-reductase and anthocyanidin reductase genes in lotus corniculatus. | proanthocyanidins (pas) are plant secondary metabolites and are composed primarily of catechin and epicatechin units in higher plant species. due to the ability of pas to bind reversibly with plant proteins to improve digestion and reduce bloat, engineering this pathway in leaves is a major goal for forage breeders. here, we report the cloning and expression analysis of anthocyanidin reductase (anr) and leucoanthocyanidin 4-reductase (lar), two genes encoding enzymes committed to epicatechin and ... | 2007 | 17098849 |
| biomass allocation is an important determinant of the tannin concentration in growing plants. | condensed tannins (cts) in the diet affect consumers in a concentration-dependent manner. because of their importance in plant defence against herbivores and pathogens as well as their potential application against gastrointestinal parasites of ruminants in agronomy, an understanding of the seasonal dynamics of ct concentrations during plant growth is essential. | 2007 | 17210606 |
| the incomplete substitution of lipopolysaccharide with o-chain prevents the establishment of effective symbiosis between mesorhizobium loti nzp2213.1 and lotus corniculatus. | mesorhizobium loti nzp2213.1 mutant obtained after random tn5 mutagenesis of m. loti nzp2213 was inefficient in nitrogen fixation on lotus corniculatus. the transposon insertion was located within an orf with a sequence similarity to a putative glycosyl transferase from caulobacter crescentus. the results of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the mutant produced lps of the same o-chain length but only half of the entire smooth lps, compared to that of the pa ... | 2009 | 17321732 |
| individual administration of three tanniferous forage plants to lambs artificially infected with haemonchus contortus and cooperia curticei. | we investigated direct anthelmintic effects associated with the feeding of fresh tanniferous forages against established populations of haemonchus contortus and cooperia curticei in lambs. twenty-four parasite naive lambs were inoculated with a single dose of infective larvae of these two parasites 27 days prior to the start of the feeding experiment. lambs were individually fed with either chicory (cichorium intybus), birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus), sainfoin (onobrychis viciifolia) or a ... | 2007 | 17336459 |
| no-choice preference of cerotoma trifurcata (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) to potential host plants of bean pod mottle virus (comoviridae) in iowa. | to better understand the naturally occurring host range of bean pod mottle virus (family comoviridae, genus comovirus, bpmv) and its principal vector cerotoma trifurcata (förster) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae), 18 field-collected perennial plant species were tested for the presence of bpmv. by using no-choice assays, we determined the preference of these plants by bean leaf beetle, by measuring their level of herbivory relative to soybean, glycine max (l.). new food hosts for adult bean leaf beetl ... | 2007 | 17598542 |
| chemotaxis of rhizobium spp. to a glycoprotein produced by birdsfoot trefoil roots. | rhizobium spp. show chemotaxis to plant root exudates. a glycoprotein has been isolated from the root exudates of birdsfoot trefoil, lotus corniculatus, which, at micromolar concentrations, attracts six strains of rhizobia. this glycoprotein has been given the trivial name trefoil chemotactin and contains approximately twice as much protein as carbohydrate. gel filtration of trefoil chemotactin on a bio-gel a-1.5m column gave a molecular weight of approximately 60,000. trefoil chemotactin repres ... | 1977 | 17776952 |
| palatability in sheep and in vitro nutritional value of dried and ensiled sainfoin (onobrychis viciifolia) birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus), and chicory (cichorium intybus). | three temperate forages, sainfoin, birdsfoot trefoil, and chicory, characterized by elevated contents of plant secondary compounds, were compared to a ryegrass-clover mixture (control) in dried (experiment 1) and ensiled form (experiment 2) in their palatability and nutritional value. palatability was measured in adult wethers (n = 6) allowed to choose between the familiar control forage and one of the three test plants. palatability index was calculated from differences in intake of control and ... | 2007 | 18069619 |
| a high-throughput method for the quantification of proanthocyanidins in forage crops and its application in assessing variation in condensed tannin content in breeding programmes for lotus corniculatus and lotus uliginosus. | lotus corniculatus and lotus uliginosus are agronomically important forage crops used in ruminant livestock production. the condensed tannin (ct) content, dry matter (dm) production, and persistence of these species are key characteristics of interest for future exploitation of these crops. here we present field data on 19 varieties of l. corniculatus, 2 varieties of l. uliginosus and, additionally, a glasshouse experiment using 6 varieties of l. corniculatus and 2 varieties of l. uliginosus. cu ... | 2008 | 18193833 |
| alteration of o-specific polysaccharide structure of symbiotically defective mesorhizobium loti mutant 2213.1 derived from strain nzp2213. | mesorhizobium loti mutant 2213.1 derived from the wild-type strain nzp2213 by tn5 mutagenesis showed impaired effectiveness of symbiosis with the host plant lotus corniculatus (turska-szewczuk et al., 2007 microbiol res, in press). the inability of lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from the mutant 2213.1 strain or de-o-acetylated lps of the parental cells to inactivate phage a1 particles implicated alterations in the lps structure. the o-specific polysaccharide of the mutant was studied by chemi ... | 2008 | 18217107 |
| forage systems for cow-calf production in the appalachian region. | small cow-calf operations are common in the appalachian region. tall fescue [lolium arundinaceum (schreb.) s. j. darbyshire] is the dominant forage in these systems for direct grazing as well as for stockpiling. the present study was conducted from 2001 to 2005. a total of 108 angus and angus crossbred cows were allotted randomly to 6 forage systems and then to 3 replicates within each system. in brief, system 1 had a stocking rate of 0.91 ha/cow in a middleburg 3-paddock (a, b, and c) system. s ... | 2008 | 18407993 |
| transgenic superroots of lotus corniculatus can be regenerated from superroot-derived leaves following agrobacterium-mediated transformation. | super-growing roots (superroots; sr), which have been established in the legume species lotus corniculatus, are a fast-growing root culture that allows continuous root cloning, direct somatic embryogenesis and mass regeneration of plants under entirely growth regulator-free culture conditions. these features are unique for non-hairy root cultures, and they are now stably expressed since the culture was isolated more than 10 years ago (1997). attempts to achieve direct and stable transformation o ... | 2008 | 18471930 |
| short-term nutritional treatments grazing legumes or feeding concentrates increase prolificacy in corriedale ewes. | we tested whether short periods of increased nutrition will improve ovulation rate and prolificacy, irrespective of the method used to synchronise the cycles of the ewes. in experiment 1, we used 138 corriedale ewes to evaluate two factors: synchronization treatment (sponges versus a single injection of prostaglandin) and type of pasture (native versus improved with lotus corniculatus). ewes were mated at the end of the grazing period and prolificacy was evaluated at lambing. grazing lotus corni ... | 2009 | 18639397 |
| mesorhizobium gobiense sp. nov. and mesorhizobium tarimense sp. nov., isolated from wild legumes growing in desert soils of xinjiang, china. | twenty-four mesorhizobium strains were isolated from desert soils in the xinjiang region of china and were characterized by a polyphasic approach. these strains grouped into three clusters in igs-rflp, sds-page analysis of whole-cell proteins and box-pcr analysis, corresponding to genomic species v, vi and vii as found in a previous study. the results were supported by sequencing analyses of rrs, igs, atpd and reca genes. genospecies vii was most related to mesorhizobium septentrionale, while ge ... | 2008 | 18984702 |
| functional analysis of three ahl autoinducer synthase genes in mesorhizobium loti reveals the important role of quorum sensing in symbiotic nodulation. | one of the most important signal transduction pathways in bacteria, quorum sensing, is involved in many regulatory circuits in rhizobia, especially in the control of communication between rhizobia and their plant hosts. in this study, we identified 3 autoinducer synthase genes - mrli1, mrli2, and mrli3 - in mesorhizobium loti nzp 2213. we found that mrli1 and mrli2 could synthesize distinct n-acyl homoserine lactone (ahl) autoinducers in rich medium cultures, and the expression of mrli1 was show ... | 2009 | 19295655 |
| technical note: effects of forage protein-binding polyphenols on chemistry of dairy excreta. | forage chemistry can affect intake, digestion, milk production, and manure excretion. although information is available on the effects of forage protein-binding polyphenols on small ruminant production and manure excretion, little information is available for dairy cattle. the objective of this study was to compare fecal and urinary n excretion of diets formulated with alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) silage versus condensed tannin-containing birdsfoot trefoil (lotus corniculatus) or o-quinone-conta ... | 2009 | 19307659 |
| efficacy of multiple applications of oxamyl and phenamiphos for control of pratylenchus penetrans in birdsfoot trefoil. | preplant soil applications of granular phenamiphos effectively reduced pratytenchus penetrans in soil during the seeding year and 1 year after, and in the roots of birdsfoot trefoil 2 years after seeding. forage yields were increased in the season following application of phenamiphos, but stands of plants/m(2) were not greater (p = 0.05) than those in the checks 1 and 2 years after treatment. additional spring applications of phenamiphos 1 and 2 years after seeding further reduced numbers of nem ... | 1976 | 19308245 |
| ensifer meliloti bv. lancerottense establishes nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with lotus endemic to the canary islands and shows distinctive symbiotic genotypes and host range. | eleven strains were isolated from root nodules of lotus endemic to the canary islands and they belonged to the genus ensifer, a genus never previously described as a symbiont of lotus. according to their 16s rrna and atpd gene sequences, two isolates represented minority genotypes that could belong to previously undescribed ensifer species, but most of the isolates were classified within the species ensifer meliloti. these isolates nodulated lotus lancerottensis, lotus corniculatus and lotus jap ... | 2009 | 19477097 |
| agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of superroot-derived lotus corniculatus plants: a valuable tool for functional genomics. | transgenic approaches provide a powerful tool for gene function investigations in plants. however, some legumes are still recalcitrant to current transformation technologies, limiting the extent to which functional genomic studies can be performed on. superroot of lotus corniculatus is a continuous root cloning system allowing direct somatic embryogenesis and mass regeneration of plants. recently, a technique to obtain transgenic l. corniculatus plants from superroot-derived leaves through a. tu ... | 2009 | 19555486 |
| 454 pyrosequencing based transcriptome analysis of zygaena filipendulae with focus on genes involved in biosynthesis of cyanogenic glucosides. | an essential driving component in the co-evolution of plants and insects is the ability to produce and handle bioactive compounds. plants produce bioactive natural products for defense, but some insects detoxify and/or sequester the compounds, opening up for new niches with fewer competitors. to study the molecular mechanism behind the co-adaption in plant-insect interactions, we have investigated the interactions between lotus corniculatus and zygaena filipendulae. they both contain cyanogenic ... | 2009 | 19954531 |
| a field study of the effects of elevated co(2) on plant biomass and community structure in a calcareous grassland. | the effects of elevated co(2) on plant biomass and community structure have been studied for four seasons in a calcareous grassland in northwest switzerland. this highly diverse, semi-natural plant community is dominated by the perennial grass bromus erectus and is mown twice a year to maintain species composition. plots of 1.3 m(2) were exposed to ambient or elevated co(2) concentrations (n = 8) using a novel co(2) exposure technique, screen-aided co(2) control (sacc) starting in march 1994. in ... | 1999 | 20135159 |
| characterization of strains unlike mesorhizobium loti that nodulate lotus spp. in saline soils of granada, spain. | lotus species are forage legumes with potential as pastures in low-fertility and environmentally constrained soils, owing to their high persistence and yield under those conditions. the aim of this work was the characterization of phenetic and genetic diversity of salt-tolerant bacteria able to establish efficient symbiosis with lotus spp. a total of 180 isolates able to nodulate lotus corniculatus and lotus tenuis from two locations in granada, spain, were characterized. molecular identificatio ... | 2010 | 20435777 |
| lotus tenuis tolerates combined salinity and waterlogging: maintaining o2 transport to roots and expression of an nhx1-like gene contribute to regulation of na+ transport. | salinity and waterlogging interact to reduce growth for most crop and pasture species. the combination of these stresses often cause a large increase in the rate of na(+) and cl(-) transport to shoots; however, the mechanisms responsible for this are largely unknown. to identify mechanisms contributing to the adverse interaction between salinity and waterlogging, we compared two lotus species with contrasting tolerances when grown under saline (200 mm nacl) and o(2)-deficient (stagnant) treatmen ... | 2010 | 20444189 |
| the effects of condensed tannins extracted from different plant species on egg hatching and larval development of teladorsagia circumcincta (nematoda: trichostrongylidae). | the effects of condensed tannins (cts) extracted from five species of plants on egg hatching and larval development of teladorsagia circumcincta (stadelmann, 1894) (syn. ostertagia circumcincta) were evaluated using in vitro bioassays. the extracts of cts were obtained from lotus pedunculatus (lp), lotus corniculatus (lc), dorycnium pentaphyllum (dp), dorycnium rectum (dr) and rumex obtusifolius (ro). the results of egg hatching assay showed that about 53%, 68%, 51%, 60% and 46% of the eggs hatc ... | 2010 | 20450000 |
| hydrocarbon degradation and plant colonization by selected bacterial strains isolated from italian ryegrass and birdsfoot trefoil. | to assess the degradation potential and plant colonization capacity of four alkane-degrading strains (itsi10, itri15, itrh76 and btrh79) in combination with birdsfoot trefoil and italian ryegrass and to evaluate the diversity of indigenous alkane-degrading soil bacteria in the rhizo- and endosphere. | 2010 | 20522148 |
| metabolomics unravel contrasting effects of biodiversity on the performance of individual plant species. | in spite of evidence for positive diversity-productivity relationships increasing plant diversity has highly variable effects on the performance of individual plant species, but the mechanisms behind these differential responses are far from being understood. to gain deeper insights into the physiological responses of individual plant species to increasing plant diversity we performed systematic untargeted metabolite profiling on a number of herbs derived from a grassland biodiversity experiment ... | 2010 | 20830202 |
| fox-superroots of lotus corniculatus, overexpressing arabidopsis full-length cdna, show stable variations in morphological traits. | using the full-length cdna overexpressor (fox) gene-hunting system, we have generated 130 arabidopsis fox-superroot lines in bird's-foot trefoil (lotus corniculatus) for the systematic functional analysis of genes expressed in roots and for the selection of induced mutants with interesting root growth characteristics. we used the arabidopsis-fox agrobacterium library (constructed by ligating pbig2113sf) for the agrobacterium-mediated transformation of superroots (sr) and the subsequent selection ... | 2010 | 21106274 |
| lotus corniculatus regulates the inflammation induced by bradykinin in a murine model of pleurisy. | this study evaluated the anti-inflammatory efficacy of the crude extract (ce), the fractions derived from hexane (hex), ethyl acetate (acoet), n-butanol (buoh), and aqueous (aq) and isolated compounds (oleanolic acid or kaempferitrin) obtained from the aerial parts of lotus corniculatus var. sa~o gabriel in mice with bradykinin-induced pleurisy. swiss mice were used for the in vivo experiments. inflammatory parameters [leukocytes; exudate concentrations; myeloperoxidase and adenosine-deaminase a ... | 2011 | 21355560 |
| genetic diversity of root nodule bacteria nodulating lotus corniculatus and anthyllis vulneraria in sweden. | very little is known about the genetic diversity and phylogeny of rhizobia nodulating lotus species in northern temperate regions. we have therefore studied the genetic diversity among a total of 61 root nodule bacteria isolated from lotus corniculatus and anthyllis vulneraria from different geographic sites and habitats in sweden by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of the internal transcribed spacer between their 16s rrna and 23s rrna (igs) region. a high diversity consisting of ... | 2011 | 21497473 |
| isolation and characterization of two strains of fusarium oxysporum causing potato dry rot in solanum tuberosum in colombia. | background: fusarium oxysporum has worldwide distribution and causes severe vascular wilt or root rot in many plants. strains are classified into formae speciales based on their high degree of host specificity, of which multilocus sequence typing provides a fairly good estimate. aims: the main aim of this study was to identify the causal agent of an infected potato tuber in colombia. methodology and results: two f. oxysporum isolates were recovered from a potato tuber showing symptoms of dry rot ... | 2011 | 21635960 |