| production and isolation of milk-clotting enzyme from aspergillus versicolor. | the production of a milk-clotting enzyme by aspergillus versicolor in 19 different culture media was investigated. considerable milk-clotting activity was achieved by supplying corn steep liquor with either glucose of maltose. dephytinization of corn steep liquor had an adverse effect on the production of milk-clotting enzyme. the results indicated that complex organic compounds favoured the production of the enzyme. precipitation with acetone or tannin was unsuitable, but ammonium sulphate and ... | 1979 | 121498 |
| high incidence of hepatic tumours in rats fed mouldy rice contaminated with aspergillus versicolor containing sterigmatocystin. | | 1978 | 208934 |
| natural occurrence of sterigmatocystin in in-shell pecans. | the natural occurrence of sterigmatocystin (s) in in-shell pecans is reported. aspergillus versicolor was not isolated from contaminated samples. incidence of a. flavus and a. glaucus, species known to produce sterigmatocystin under laboratory conditions, was high (43 and 35%, respectively). isolation data suggest sterigmatocystin may have been produced by one or both of these species. | 1977 | 406023 |
| aflatoxin biosynthesis: detection of transient, acetate-dependent intermediates in aspergillus by kinetic pulse-labeling. | a simple technique was developed for the detection of intermediary metabolites of aspergillus versicolor that are putative precursors of aflatoxin. minicolony populations were allowed to metabolize [1,2-14c]acetate over various time intervals. the biosynthetic reactions were quenched by quick-freezing the minicolonies, the cells were disrupted, and the metabolites were extracted into acetone. small silica thin-layer chromatographic plates were then used to separate any radioactive metabolites pr ... | 1979 | 457592 |
| [hygienic significance of sterigmatocystin in vegetable foods. 2. production of sterigmatocystin by aspergillus versicolor]. | to test the suitability of fruit as an appropriate substrate for the formation of the mycotoxin sterigmatocystin, various fruit products were inoculated with a suspension of spores of a toxicogenic strain of aspergillus versicolor. after incubation at 22 degrees c for 14 days, the fruits and juices overgrown with mould were homogenized with ethyl acetate and subjected to thinlayer chromatography. sterigmatocystin had been formed on most products, the largest amounts being found in gooseberry pre ... | 1979 | 471030 |
| studies concerning the metabolites produced by stachybotrys atra, penicillium islandicum, penicillium viridicatum and aspergillus versicolor. | over the past ten years it has become quite apparent that mycotoxins, or toxins produced by fungi, are responsible for a wide variety of human and animal illnesses and, in many cases, deaths. consequently, the study of the metabolites produced by fungi and the possible occurrence of such metabolites in foodstuffs is of critical importance. it is the purpose of this paper to outline the approach taken at the u.s. food and drug administration in evaluating the possible hazard to human health posed ... | 1977 | 566067 |
| cerebral aspergillosis: report of two cases. | two cases of cerebral aspergillosis in tamilians presenting as intracranial space-occupying lesions are reported. the first patient had a left frontal lobe abscess and a specific diagnosis was made by histopathology and isolation of aspergillus versicolor. he responded well to excision followed by anticonvulsant therapy. in the other, the diagnosis was based on histopathology alone and she died after surgery. these are the first cases reported from tamil nadu and probably only one similar case h ... | 1977 | 601658 |
| [bioproduction of sterigmatocystine by aspergillus versicolor (vuill.) tiraboschi in dry fodder]. | lucerne and ray-grass, sterilized or not, were equilibrated at relative humidity (e.r.h.) 84, 88, 93 p. 100, and contaminated by spores of a highly toxinogenic a. versicolor strain and maintained in these e.r.h. during 6 months. a peculiar technique for extraction and purification was necessary; the quantification limit for sterigmatocystin was 100 ppb; measurements had been done monthly in 3 replicates. solvent water was estimated from water sorption isotherms: toxin yield progressively increas ... | 1977 | 613923 |
| anthraquinones in the biosynthesis of sterigmatocystin by aspergillus versicolor. | 14c-labeled averufin, versiconal hemiacetal acetate, and versicolorin a were efficiently converted to sterigmatocystin by aspergillus versicolor, thus providing experimental evidence that these anthraquinones are biosynthetic precursors of sterigmatocystin, a xanthone. | 1978 | 655714 |
| [the activity of sorbic acid against mycotoxin forming microorganisms (author's transl)]. | potassium sorbate at a concentration of 200-400 ppm inhibits mycotoxin forming aspergillus versicolor at a ph of 5.7-5.9 in culture media and fermented sausages. | 1978 | 706814 |
| evaluation of mycobacillin and versicolin as agricultural fungicides. iii. growth pattern and antibiotic production in soil by aspergillus versicolor. | soil supports the growth of a jute pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides but only to a limited extent that of its antagonist aspergillus versicolor. the growth of the sensitive pathogen is considerably checked by the antagonist in mixed soil culture although versicolin production could not be demonstrated within the limits of assay. both the sensitive and the antagonistic organisms grow well in soil-compost medium and versicolin production by the latter is also enhanced. the antagonistic effec ... | 1977 | 863784 |
| [lipid metabolism in aspergillus versicolor (vuill.) tiragoschi. relation to biogenesis of sterigmatocystin]. | aspergillus versicolor is cultivated in a synthetic medium for 22 days. bioproduction of lipids and sterigmatocystin are compared. the fatty acids of the neutral lipid and polar lipids fractions are mainly: c 16:0, c 18:0, c 18:1, c 18:2, c 18:3. maximal yields of dry weight, neutral lipids and sterigmatocystin occur, respectively, on the 4th, the 7th and the 20th days. these results and their comparison with other works emphasize that a fall of concentration in lipids precedes the phase of high ... | 1977 | 865598 |
| production of sterigmatocystin by aspergillus versicolor and bipolaris sorokiniana on semisynthetic liquid and solid media. | higher yields of sterigmatocystin were obtained with aspergillus versicolor than with bipolaris sorokiniana both in liquid and on solid media. the optimum temperature for sterigmatocystin production by a. versicolor was 27 to 29 degrees c and 23 degrees c for b. sorokiniana. in liquid shake cultures, production of sterigmatocystin by b. sorokiniana was negligible, whereas maximal production by a. versicolor was 210 mg/liter. on solid substrates, the highest yields (8 g/kg) were obtained with a. ... | 1976 | 970940 |
| mycotoxins in foodstuffs. vi. formation of sterigmatocystin in bread by aspergillus versicolor. | sterigmatocystin was formed on different kinds of bread (whole wheat bread, whole rye bread, whole rye bread with shredded wheat, whole wheat bread with wheat germs and whole wheat bread with linseed) by two strains of aspergillus versicolor. the highest yields were in the range of 0.1-0,4 mug/g. the growth of the moulds and the toxin production were influenced by the total acid content ("säuregrad"; must be less than approximately 9) and by the temperature (optimal growth temperature: 20-30 deg ... | 1976 | 983339 |
| preparation of 14c-labeled sterigmatocystin in liquid media. | 14c-labeled sterigmatocystin was prepared from surface cultures of aspergillus versicolor a-18074 maintained in liquid media by multiple additions of (1-14c)acetate to the cultures. the highest yield of 7.75 mg/10 ml was found with a sucrose-asparagine-ammonium medium in which more than 3% of the radioactivity of the added (1-14c)acetate was recovered ithe purified (ring-14c) sterigmatocystin. the method offers an easy way to prepare 14c-labeled sterigmatocystin for studies of this mycotoxin. | 1975 | 1110489 |
| production of sterigmatocystin. | a procedure for the isolation of pure sterigmatocystin is described. it involves cultivation of an appropriate fungus on sterile maize, and extraction and column chromatographic purification of the crude extract. with this method sterigmatocystin may be obtained at a fraction of its commercial cost. aspergillus versicolor seemed to be the best producer (5-12 g/kg) in 250 ml erlenmeyer flasks. the yield dropped markedly with increasing flask size. | 1975 | 1141192 |
| factors affecting the production of sterigmatocystin in semisynthetic media. | production of sterigmatocystin by aspergillus versicolor was stimulated by inorganic phosphate when used in conjunction with citric acid cycle compounds. | 1975 | 1190766 |
| high-performance liquid chromatography of sterigmatocystin and other metabolites of aspergillus versicolor. | | 1976 | 1254677 |
| tumor induction by a single subcutaneous injection of sterigmatocystin in newborn mice. | sterigmatocystin, a mycotoxin produced by aspergillus versicolor, aspergillus sydowi, aspergillus nidulans, and a species of bipolaris, was given to newborn balb/c x dba/2f1 (hereafter referred to as cd2f1) mice by a single s.c. administration in 1% gelatin suspension. in an acute toxicity study, the maximum tolerated dose of sterigmatocystin was 5 mug/g body weight. in a chronic study, a single s.c. injection of 5, 1, or 0.5 mug/g body weight gave rise to high incidences of lung and liver adeno ... | 1976 | 1268822 |
| genotoxicity of fungi evaluated by sos microplate assay. | by an introduction of sodium dodecylsulfate for cell lysis and immunomicroplate for mass assay, the modified sos microplate assay method was established and applied for the evaluation of genotoxicity of mycotoxins and fungal cultures. among 20 mycotoxins, the carcinogenic dihydrobisfuranoids such as aflatoxin b1, sterigmatocystin, and versicolorin a were positive in the presence of the activation system. while, the carcinogenic anthraquinones and lactones such as luteoskyrin, rugulosin, ochratox ... | 1992 | 1344897 |
| natural occurrence of zearalenone and toxicogenic fungi in amaranth grain. | zearalenone was detected as the natural contaminant in two samples of amaranthus cruentus grains (1980 micrograms/kg and 420 micrograms/kg, respectively). fungi isolated from these samples were screened for mycotoxin production. two of eight isolates of fusarium (f. equiseti and f. moniliforme) produced zearalenone. one of four isolates of aspergillus flavus and all four isolates of a. parasiticus produced aflatoxins. other species potentially toxicogenic such as aspergillus versicolor, penicill ... | 1991 | 1830753 |
| structure and molecular mechanics of ferrirhodin. | c41h64fen9o17.7 1/2h2o, mr = 1146.0, orthorhombic, p2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 9.740 (7), b = 16.764 (10), c = 32.632 (17) a, v = 5328 (6) a3, z = 4, d chi = 1.43 g cm-3, mo k alpha, lambda = 0.71069 a, mu = 3.26 cm-1, f(000) = 2428, t = 138 (2) k, r = 0.0986 for 3543 observed reflections. ferrirhodin, a ferrichrome siderophore (iron transport agent) was isolated from low-iron cultures of aspergillus versicolor and a. nidulans. the compound is isomeric with another microbial siderophore, ferrirubin, but ... | 1990 | 2088417 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of molds in cheese and yogurt. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for the detection of molds in dairy products. new zealand white female rabbits were immunized with .45 mg of partially purified extracellular antigen from freeze-dried culture filtrates of aspergillus versicolor, cladosporium herbarum, geotrichum candidum, mucor circinelloides, and penicillium chrysogenum. blood was drawn at various intervals, and antibodies were separated and purified. antibody-peroxidase conjugates were prepared with the follo ... | 1990 | 2099362 |
| mycotoxin formation in hy-320 wheat during granary storage at 15 and 19% moisture content. | eleven-kilogram parcels of hy-320 wheat, a cultivar of the new canada prairie spring class, were kept at 15 and 19% initial moisture contents (imc) in simulated storage in a manitoba farm granary for 60 weeks to determine biotic and abiotic changes and mycotoxin production. ochratoxin a reached a maximum of 0.24 ppm by week 20 in the 19% imc wheat, but was absent in the 15% imc wheat; no other mycotoxins were detected. temperature, moisture content, o2 and co2 levels, fat acidity values, seed ge ... | 1990 | 2122255 |
| mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi on cereal grains in western canada. | toxins occasionally present on cereal grains in the field in western canada include ergot alkaloids produced by claviceps purpurea and trichothecenes produced by fusarium species, particularly fusarium sporotrichiodes and fusarium graminearum. ht-2 toxin, t-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol, and deoxynivalenol are the main trichothecenes encountered. during storage of cereals, the predominant toxins and toxigenic fungi are ochratoxin a and citrinin produced by penicillium aurantiogriseum, p. chrysogen ... | 1990 | 2200591 |
| mycotoxin production in amber durum wheat stored at 15 and 19% moisture content. | ochratoxin a and citrinin developed in 11 kg parcels of amber durum wheat at 15% and 19% initial moisture content (mc) exposed to simulated bulk storage in a manitoba granary for 60 weeks between july 1984 and september 1985. other biotic and abiotic variables were monitored throughout the storage period. ochratoxin a reached maximum levels of 11.8 and 0.11 ppm at 19 and 15% initial mc, respectively, during weeks 44-48; citrinin reached levels of 80.0 and 0.65 ppm at these respective moistures d ... | 1990 | 2253806 |
| induction of pituitary tumors in germ-free rats exposed to aspergillus versicolor. | we clarified the role of mold exposure in pituitary tumor induction using 53 germ-free wistar rats exposed before birth and continually exposed thereafter, to aspergillus versicolor alone. rats were autopsied at 540 to 730 days. untreated germ-free controls were autopsied on day 730. thirty-three of the 53 monoassociated rats had pituitary tumors (62.3%), while only three of the 41 control germ-free rats had tumors (7.3%). it seems likely that this high incidence of pituitary tumor in the experi ... | 1990 | 2295080 |
| [sterigmatocystin induced adenocarcinoma of the lung and atypical hyperplasia of glandular stomach in mice]. | aspergillus versicolor was isolated from the gastric juice of patients with chronic stomach diseases in high-risk area of gastric cancer. mice fed with aspergillus-inoculated corn flour developed adenocarcinoma of the lung in 15 of 35 mice (42.9%) and atypical hyperplasia of the glandular stomach in 13 of 35 mice (37.4%). sterigmatocystin was identified by hplc and fluorescence spectrophotometry in the extract of aspergillus-inoculated corn flour. the results suggest that the mycotoxin sterigmat ... | 1990 | 2364865 |
| [flow cytometric analysis of nih/3t3 cells treated with extract of aspergillus versicolor]. | the effect of extract of aspergillus versicolor, isolated from the gastric juice of patients with chronic gastric diseases in high incidence area of stomach cancer, on nih/3t3 cells was analysed by flow cytometer. the results showed that the distribution of cell numbers in s phase and g2m phase of cell cycle, the average dna content and proliferation index of cells treated with aspergillus versicolor extract were significantly increased. | 1989 | 2634540 |
| immunological differentiation of penicillium species. | antisera were obtained from a rabbit immunized with penicillium verrucosum var. verrucosum. these antisera were characterized by immunofluorescence and by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for their reactivity with 44 strains of moulds. antigenically, p. verrucosum var. verrucosum (subgenus penicillium) appears to be similar to strains belonging to subgenus furcatum, but strongly different from penicillium frequentans (subgenus aspergilloides). specific absorption of antibodies to antig ... | 1989 | 2692798 |
| immunochemical assay applied to mycotoxin biosynthesis: elisa comparison of sterigmatocystin production by aspergillus versicolor and aspergillus nidulans. | conventional thin layer and instrumental methods for analyzing mycotoxins and their precursors are time-consuming and make the investigation of mycotoxin biosynthesis particularly difficult. as an alternative, sensitive enzyme-liked immunosorbent assays (elisas) can be utilized to analyze for these compounds. in this report, sterigmatocystin production in test tube cultures of aspergillus versicolor atcc 18643 and aspergillus nidulans atcc 32610 were compared using competitive elisa. polyclonal ... | 1989 | 2693965 |
| keratinophilic fungi on sheep hairs from the west bank of jordan. | the mycoflora of the hair in 285 sheep from the west bank of jordan was analysed and the frequency of occurrence and the relative importance value for different fungal species found were calculated. ninety six species which belong to 36 genera were isolated. forty one of these species were either well-known agents of animal and human mycoses (trichophyton verrucosum, t. mentagrophytes, microsporum nanum, m. canis, and others), or have been isolated from human and animal lesions (arthroderma cuni ... | 1989 | 2797114 |
| characterization of versilin-sensitive sites in self-sensitive producer and sensitive non-producer or unrelated organism. | studies on self-sensitivity of producer mutant vs. sensitivity of non-producer parent and unrelated organism showed that versilin inhibited spore germination and sporulation in the self-sensitive producer mutant, non-producer parent aspergillus versicolor n5 and the unrelated sensitive trichophyton rubrum. sporulation appeared to be more sensitive than spore germination. the inhibition of in vivo synthesis of protein was very marked, but inhibition of rna and dna was slight and moderate, respect ... | 1989 | 2808186 |
| tumors and other lesions induced in germ-free rats exposed to aspergillus versicolor alone. | this investigation was designed to determine whether any lesion would be induced in germ-free animals exposed to aspergillus versicolor alone. twenty-one male wistar germ-free rats bred in our laboratory were monoassociated by a. versicolor while 20 male germ-free rats of the same strain were used as controls. all rats were maintained on our home-made pellet diet for 2 years. animals that died or were killed were autopsied and examined pathohistologically. eighteen of the 21 monoassociated rats ... | 1987 | 2956227 |
| onychomycosis due to a fungus of the aspergillus versicolor group. | | 1988 | 2975352 |
| [experimental study on lung carcinoma induced respectively by aspergillus versicolor and candida albcans cultures]. | | 1988 | 3067876 |
| production of sterigmatocystin by aspergillus versicolor isolated from roughage. | a total of 69 samples of hay and straw collected during the winter period of 1984/85 were surveyed for their contamination by aspergillus versicolor. the percentage of a. versicolor-positive samples was 14.5%. nineteen a. versicolor strains mainly isolated from roughage were tested for the production of sterigmatocystin. all of the isolates examined were capable of producing different levels of sterigmatocystin on a cracked corn substrate. the majority of these strains were highly toxigenic; 53% ... | 1988 | 3352720 |
| role of selective pressure by screening organisms in the development of producer mutant isolates of different antibiotic markers. | the phenotypes of producer mutant isolates when obtained after mutagenesis of the spontaneous degenerate aspergillus versicolor n5 by screening on trichophyton rubrum and those on a. niger g3br were found to be markedly different. in respect of phenotypic character anti-t. rubrum producer mutant isolates resembled the parental type more closely (which is specifically active against t. rubrum and generally against dermatophytes) than anti-a. niger mutant isolates. this clearly indicates not only ... | 1986 | 3558163 |
| metabolism of alkyl amines by the filamentous fungus aspergillus versicolor. | a variety of monoalkyl-substituted amines were able to act as nitrogen sources for heterotrophically growing cultures of aspergillus versicolor. only amines whose alkyl chains were at least five carbon atoms long were capable of supporting significant growth in the absence of a separate carbon substrate. however, biomass yields were significantly higher during growth on glucose-amine than on glucose-ammonia, indicating that some energy-generating dissimilation of the amine to co2 took place. | 1987 | 3566265 |
| mycotoxin formation in moist 2-row and 6-row barley during granary storage. | eleven-kilogram parcels of 2-row and 6-row barley initially at 18% moisture content were implanted in dry bulk oats in a farm granary in manitoba for 60 weeks between august 1983 and october 1984. temperature, moisture content, o2 and co2 levels, fat acidity values, seed germination, microfloral incidence and abundance and the presence of major mycotoxins (aflatoxins, sterigmatocystin, ochratoxin a, citrinin, penicillinic acid, patulin) were monitored. ochratoxin a reached maximum levels of 0.97 ... | 1987 | 3574439 |
| mutual and self-sensitivity among antibiotically active mutant derivatives from the inactive degenerate aspergillus versicolor n5. | antibiotically active producer mutants derived from the spontaneous degenerate parent aspergillus versicolor n5 possessed not only mutual but also self-sensitive activity. the producer mutants, like the inactive parent, were only 3.5-fold less sensitive than the most sensitive unrelated organism, trichophyton rubrum. the germination of spores is generally more sensitive than growth of vegetative cells. the antifungal spectrum of these mutual and self-sensitive mutants was fairly wide, unlike the ... | 1987 | 3654401 |
| multiplicity of antibiotic production in aspergillus versicolor n5 under mutagenesis: versilin a new antifungal antibiotic. | | 1987 | 3666820 |
| chemical and pharmacological studies of 2-(amino-methyl)acrylophenones. | the structure-activity relationships of nine products of the acrylophenone family have been studied. in a previous report 2-(4-methyl-1-piperazinylmethyl)acrylophenone was shown to be an antimicrotubular drug. the effects of these drugs on the bovine brain tubulin polymerization were determined by a turbidimetric assay. the median inhibitory concentrations (id50) ranged from 1.5 x 10(-5) to 5 x 10(-5) mol/l. their action on the inhibition of 3h-colchicine binding to tubulin was determined by dea ... | 1986 | 3954819 |
| sterigmatocystin in dairy cattle feed contaminated with aspergillus versicolor. | sterigmatocystin (7.75 micrograms/g of feed) and a high-propagule-density of aspergillus versicolor were detected in feed associated with acute clinical symptoms of bloody diarrhea and death in dairy cattle. nine isolates of a. versicolor from the feed produced 13 to 89 micrograms of sterigmatocystin per g on cracked corn and lower amounts in liquid culture. this is the first report of sterigmatocystin in dairy cattle feed in the united states. | 1985 | 3977312 |
| studies on versicolin, a new antifungal antibiotic from aspergillus versicolor. 3. relationship between antibiotic synthesis and basic cellular metabolism. | | 1968 | 4178170 |
| microbial metabolites with insecticidal properties. | a screen of fungi for insecticidal activity revealed the ability of aspergillus versicolor to make versimide, methyl-alpha-(methylsuccinimido)acrylate, a novel contact insecticide. the larvicidal activities of alternaria tenuis and fusarium lateritium were found to be due to tenuazonic acid and diacetoxyscirpenol, respectively. thiolutin, cycloheximide, rubratoxin, patulin, trichothecin, an actinomycin, and scirpene-producing fungi also had insecticidal activity. | 1972 | 4628800 |
| potential production of sterigmatocystin on country-cured ham. | in laboratory media, 10 of 16 isolates of aspergillus versicolor from country-cured ham were capable of producing sterigmatocystin. three of these isolates were tested and found to produce sterigmatocystin on country-cured ham after 14 days of incubation at 20 or 28 c. | 1973 | 4751808 |
| a new antifungal antibiotic from aspergillus versicolor. | | 1968 | 4970688 |
| [oxidation of dendrodochine by penicillium lanosum 1541 and aspergillus versicolor 10866]. | | 1971 | 5153536 |
| [in vitro production of several hydrolases by aspergillus versicolor (vuill.) tiraboschi and penicillium cyclopium westling]. | | 1970 | 5509599 |
| versimide, a metabolite of aspergillus versicolor. | | 1970 | 5532407 |
| mutagens for regeneration of an antibiotic-producing strain of aspergillus versicolor. | the individual colonies of a partially degenerated culture of aspergillus versicolor vary widely in their ability to produce an antibiotic active against trichophyton rubrum. mutagenic treatment with nitrous acid or ultraviolet light gave potent colonies. nitrous acid gave better results in terms of stability and yield. this treatment may therefore prove useful in the regeneration of partially degenerated cultures. | 1968 | 5645418 |
| studies on versicolin, a new antifungal antibiotic from aspergillus versicolor. ii. isolation and purification. | versicolin is a new antifungal agent isolated from the culture broth of a new strain of aspergillus versicolor. the antibiotic is specifically active against pathogenic fungi, particularly trichophyton rubrum which causes 90% of the skin infections occurring in calcutta and eastern india. | 1968 | 5659366 |
| requirements for the growth of aspergillus versicolor on atropine sulfate. | | 1966 | 5918527 |
| studies in mycological chemistry. xix. "product b" (averantin) [1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-2-(1-hydroxyhexyl)anthraquinone], a pigment from aspergillus versicolor (vuillemin) tiraboschi. | | 1966 | 5948685 |
| mycoversilin, a new antifungal antibiotic. i. fermentation, isolation and biological properties. | a new antifungal antibiotic, mycoversilin, was isolated from the culture filtrate of aspergillus versicolor (n5)17 by repeated column chromatography and recrystallized from ethyl acetate as homogeneous fine needles. maximum production took place in a medium containing 4% glucose and 1% peptone at ph 3.5, temperature 28 degrees c after 8-9 days of incubation under stationary condition. mycoversilin is a narrow spectrum antibiotic with activity against filamentous fungi, particularly trichophyton ... | 1984 | 6469866 |
| mycoversilin, a new antifungal antibiotic. ii. structure elucidation. | the structure of a new antifungal antibiotic, mycoversilin, produced by aspergillus versicolor (n5)17 was determined as i by various spectroscopic and chemical methods. mycoversilin is a unique polynuclear aromatic compound having two methyl and six hydroxyl groups and two ether linkages. the acetyl derivative prepared was found to have no antifungal property. | 1984 | 6469867 |
| [mycotoxin-producing strains of aspergillus versicolor isolated from the gastric juice in chronic gastritis patients]. | | 1984 | 6537302 |
| mycoversilin, a new antifungal antibiotic from a mutant derivative of aspergillus versicolor. | | 1983 | 6674142 |
| averufin, an anthraquinone mycotoxin possessing a potent uncoupling effect on mitochondrial respiration. | averufin and averufin dimethylether from aspergillus versicolor were examined for their uncoupling effects on oxidative phosphorylation in isolated rat liver mitochondria to get insight into the mode of toxic action of averufin. averufin uncoupled oxidative phosphorylation, causing 50% uncoupling at about 1.5 microm with respect to the decrease in p/o ratio. averufin dimethylether did not uncouple but inhibited state 3 respiration of mitochondria, which was not released by either 2,4-dinitrophen ... | 1984 | 6712217 |
| inhibitory effects of spices on growth and toxin production of toxigenic fungi. | the inhibitory effects of 29 commercial powdered spices on the growth and toxin production of three species of toxigenic aspergillus were observed by introducing these materials into culture media for mycotoxin production. of the 29 samples tested, cloves, star anise seeds, and allspice completely inhibited the fungal growth, whereas most of the others inhibited only the toxin production. eugenol extracted from cloves and thymol from thyme caused complete inhibition of the growth of both aspergi ... | 1980 | 6769391 |
| microbial degradation of thidiazuron and its photoproduct. | degradation of the cotton defoliant thidiazuron and its photoproduct photothidiazuron by soil and thirteen species of microorganisms was examined. aspergillus versicolor, torula rosea, and flavobacter sp. were most active in degrading thidiazuron. unknown water-soluble metabolites and phenylurea were the major products. a. versicolor and penicillium cyclopium were most active in degrading photothidiazuron. 4-hydroxyphenylphotothidiazuron was the major organosoluble product formed by a. versicolo ... | 1982 | 7073312 |
| chemically defined medium for high yields of sterigmatocystin. | isolate of aspergillus versicolor strain produced 138 micrograms/ml of sterigmatocystin in a complete synthetic medium containing sucrose, salts, 1-phenylalanine, and ca-pantothenate. the ssp (sucrose salts phenylalanine) medium apparently provided all necessary ingredients for the production of high levels of sterigmatocystin. for optimal sterigmatocystin formation, the amounts of sucrose and 1-phenylalanine were found to be 200 g and 5 g per liter, respectively. when ca-pantothenate (0.01 g pe ... | 1982 | 7099245 |
| mycotoxin formation in moist wheat under controlled temperatures. | one-kilogram parcels of wheat with 20.5% moisture content were maintained at 15 degrees and 22 degrees c for 10 weeks to study quality changes. temperature, moisture, oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, microflora incidence and abundance, seed germination, fat acidity values, aflatoxins, sterigmatocystin, ochratoxin a, penicillic acid, citrinin and zearalenone were monitored. by two weeks, trace levels of ochratoxin had formed at both temperatures. by 10 weeks, the wheat contained at least three t ... | 1982 | 7133115 |
| the extracellular system of beta-1,3-glucanases of alternaria tenuissima and aspergillus vesicolor. | during cultivation in a minimal medium with glucose alternaria tenuissima and aspergillus vesicolor produce constitutively alpha- and beta-glucanases. fractions of beta-1,3-glucanases exhibiting affinity for laminarin were separated by means of gel filtration chromatography. two neutral beta-1,3-glucanases with affinity for yeast glucan were isolated by affinity chromatography and further characterized. | 1980 | 7188760 |
| the microbiology of spent mushroom compost and its dust. | microorganisms in spent steamed mushroom compost and its dust were enumerated, and identified. some phase ii (indoor composting) compost samples were also examined. steaming of spent compost resulted in a 70-76% reduction in microbial numbers. total counts made with compost fusion agar were approximately two logs greater than those for nutrient agar. the most common bacterial isolate was bacillus licheniformis. the most common actinomycete isolates were streptomyces diastaticus and thermoactinom ... | 1981 | 7197578 |
| thin layer chromatographic method for analysis and chemical confirmation of sterigmatocystin in cheese. | a semi-quantitative method is described for the analysis of sterigmatocystin in cheese. the method is based on extraction of cheese with meoh--4% kcl (9 + 1), followed by florisil and polyamide column cleanup and 2-dimensional thin layer chromatography (tlc). visualization of sterigmatocystin on the tlc plates is enhanced by an alcl3 spray reagent. the identity of sterigmatocystin is confirmed by a 2-dimensional tlc test based on reaction with trifluoroacetic acid (tfa) on the plate after first ... | 1980 | 7380781 |
| fungal growth and the presence of sterigmatocystin in hard cheese. | molds isolated from visibly molded cheeses in shops, households, and warehouses have been identified. mold flora of cheeses in shops and households consisted mainly of penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium. on cheeses ripening in warehouses, penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium, aspergillus versicolor, aspergillus repens, and enicillium verrucosum var. verrucosum were the dominant mold species. cheese ripening in warehouses and molded with a. versicolor were examined for sterigmatocystin. nine ... | 1980 | 7380782 |
| based on biochemical and physiological behavior, where is aspergillus egyptiacus better placed? | physiological and biochemical properties were tested in 45 isolates of aspergillus egyptiacus (16 isolates), emericella nidulans (16) and aspergillus versicolor (13). the three fungal species exhibited common and similar features. the big similarity between a. egyptiacus and e. nidulans was greater than between a. egyptiacus and a. versicolor. it included the inability to produce base either from sodium citrate or lactic acid media, growth at 45 degrees c (thermophilicity), and production of ver ... | 1994 | 7537240 |
| osteomyelitis of sacral spine caused by aspergillus versicolor with neurologic deficits. | | 1995 | 7555262 |
| production and characterization of sterigmatocystin. | fourteen strains of aspergillus versicolor and 2 strains of a. nidulans were screened for sterigmatocystin (st) production on a semi-synthetic solid substrate by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) analysis. two strains of a. versicolor producing st at 550.5 mg.kg-1 substrate and 1160.8 mg.kg-1 substrate were selected to inoculate 4 kg solid st-producing media. after 30 days stationary incubation at 28 degrees c in the dark, 2271.6 mg of pale-yellow needle-shaped crystals were isolated ... | 1994 | 7702759 |
| fungal production of volatiles during growth on fiberglass. | acoustic and thermal fiberglass insulation materials used in heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems were colonized with fungi in laboratory chambers. the mixed fungal population, principally aspergillus versicolor, acremonium obclavatum, and cladosporium herbarum, produced odoriferous volatiles, including 2-ethyl hexanol, cyclohexane, and benzene. these volatiles may be related to poor indoor air quality and the sick building syndrome. | 1994 | 7993098 |
| structural determination of n-2'-hydroxyoctadecenoyl-1-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-9-methyl-4, 8-sphingadienine from species of aspergillus. | ceramide monohexosides from aspergillus fumigatus 2140 and 2109 strains and aspergillus versicolor 550 strain, obtained by silica gel 60, and iatrobeads chromatography were analysed using high-resolution 1d-, 2d-1h-nmr and 13c-nmr spectroscopy and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (fab-ms). the ceramide monohexoside fraction (cmh) from a. fumigatus 2140 and a. versicolor 550 was identified as glucosylceramide, whereas glucose and galactose were present at a ratio of 1:1 in the cmh of a. fu ... | 1994 | 8013053 |
| effect of relative humidity on fungal colonization of fiberglass insulation. | fiberglass duct liners and fiberglass duct boards from eight buildings whose occupants complained of unacceptable or moldy odors in the air were found to be heavily colonized by fungi, particularly by aspergillus versicolor. unused fiberglass was found to be susceptible to fungal colonization in environmental chambers dependent upon relative humidity. no colonization was observed at relative humidities below 50%. | 1994 | 8031101 |
| granulomatous lesions in the lung induced by inhalation of mold spores. | the health hazards associated with grain dust exposure have been recognized as a cause of lung diseases. in the present study, we used germ-free rats exposed to aspergillus versicolor to elucidate the mechanism for the lung damage induced by grain dust exposure. one month after exposure to the mold, remarkable proliferation of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissues with germinal centres was induced by aspiration of mold spores. after 1 month, alveolar macrophages increased, becoming foamy macropha ... | 1994 | 8055161 |
| lipolytic activity and degradation of rapeseed oil and rapeseed by spoilage fungi. | aspergillus, eurotium and penicillium spp. from rapeseed were able to grow and produce lipases over a range of water activities (aw) at both 15 and 25 degrees c on tributyrin agar. the ability to produce lipases was not directly related to growth rate. the clearing zone: growth rate ratios gave lipase indices which varied markedly between test fungi and with aw. the fungi with the highest indices were aspergillus candidus and aspergillus versicolor and penicillium expansum and penicillium hordei ... | 1993 | 8217518 |
| [effects of extract solution of aspergillus versicolor on human fetal gastric cells in vitro]. | to detect the carcinogenicity of sterigmatocystin for human stomach, the human fetal gastric cells, cultured in vitro, were treated with extract solution of aspergillus versicolor culture (0.117mg sterigmatocystin per kg culture of aspergillus versicolor). the cells showed random arrangement, loss of contact inhibition and cell polarity. some transformed foci were present in different numbers and times according to the dosages of the extract solution. the cells with such changes were analysed wi ... | 1993 | 8391901 |
| subcutaneous mycetoma-like granuloma in a horse caused by aspergillus versicolor. | | 1995 | 8580188 |
| micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography of fungal metabolites. resolution optimized by experimental design. | fungal metabolites were extracted from two isolates of penicillium commune and two isolates of aspergillus versicolor grown on yeast extract agar (yes) and czapek yeast extract agar (cya). optimized conditions for analysing the extracts by high-performance capillary electrophoresis (hpce) were obtained by experimental designs. the following nine factors were examined by a two-level fractional factorial design: concentration of the buffer ion po4(3-) and b4o7(2-), ionic strength of buffer, buffer ... | 1996 | 8611943 |
| [production and characterization of sterigmatocystin]. | two strains of aspergillus versicolor producing st at 550.8 mg.kg-1 substrate and 1160.8 mg.kg-1 substrate were selected to inoculate 4 kg solid st-producing media. after 35 days stationary incubation at 28 degrees c in the dark, 2271.6 mg of pale-yellow needle-shaped crystals were isolated and purified from the culture with a procedure applying column chromatography and recrystallization method. the crystal was proved to be sterigmatocystin by spectroanalysis and some physico-chemical analysis. ... | 1995 | 8701584 |
| effects of extracts of fiberglass insulations on the growth of aspergillus fumigatus and a. versicolor. | water extracts of thermal and acoustic fiberglass insulations used in the duct work of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (hvac) systems supported germination of conidia and growth of aspergillus versicolor (vuillemin) tiraboschi 1908-9 and aspergillus fumigatus fresenius 1863. urea, formaldehyde and unidentified organics were detected in the extracts. formaldehyde in concentrations similar to those found in the extracts restricted the growth of both species in enriched media. a. versicol ... | 1995 | 8819828 |
| classification of species in the genus penicillium by curie point pyrolysis/mass spectrometry followed by multivariate analysis and artificial neural networks. | curie point pyrolysis/mass spectrometry of penicillium species was performed with 530 degrees c curie point foils. the mass spectra were submitted to principal component analysis, canonical variates analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis, producing a final dendrogram by the use of average linkage clustering. by this approach a successful classification of the species penicillium italicum, p. expansum and p. digitatum originating from fruits was obtained. isolates of the same species grouped ... | 1996 | 8990523 |
| sterigmatocystin: incidence, fate and production by aspergillus versicolor in ras cheese. | the occurrence, distribution, and stability of sterigmatocystin (stg) in ras cheese were investigated. an incidence value for stg in market samples of ras cheese was 35% with a mean value of 22.2 micrograms/kg. in experimental ras cheese from milk contaminated with stg, 80% of the toxin was retained in the curd while 20% was found in the whey. the temperature for cheese ripening affected the toxin content. at 6 degrees c the toxin concentration was hardly affected, but at 20 degrees c the concen ... | 1996 | 9008831 |
| effect of lamisil and azole antifungals in experimental nail infection. | onychomycosis is primarily caused by dermatophyte fungi but occasionally by yeasts and non-dermatophytic moulds. the aim of this study was to develop an in vitro model of nail invasion by dermatophytes, yeasts and non-dermatophytic moulds, and to provide an alternative system for studying the activity of different classes of antifungal drugs against fungi associated with onychomycosis. in the absence of extraneous nutrients, trichophyton mentagrophytes was seen in electron microscopy to degrade ... | 1997 | 9154398 |
| development of a semisynthetic cheese medium for fungi using chemometric methods. | the growth, color formation, and mycotoxin production of six cheese-related fungi were studied on nine types of natural cheeses and 24 semisynthetic cheese media and compared using principal component analysis. the semisynthetic cheese media contained various amounts of ca, k, mg, na, p, fe, cu, zn, lactate, lactose, and casein. a robust well-defined and easily prepared semisynthetic cheese medium was developed for penicillium commune, the most frequently occurring contaminant on semihard cheese ... | 1997 | 9241586 |
| identification of cheese-associated fungi using selected ion monitoring of volatile terpenes. | the cheese-associated fungi penicillium commune, p. roqueforti, p.solitum, p. discolor and aspergillus versicolor have been investigated for production of volatile terpenes for chemical identification, when grown on yeast extract agar. volatiles were collected by headspace solid-phase microextraction. selected ion monitoring of four to seven of the most characteristic ions of mainly sesquiterpenes made it possible to identify the fungi to species level within 2 d. in a mixed culture of p. roquef ... | 1997 | 9296587 |
| building-associated pulmonary disease from exposure to stachybotrys chartarum and aspergillus versicolor. | the authors present an outbreak of disease associated with exposure to stachybotrys chartarum and aspergillus species. a courthouse and two associated office buildings had generated discomfort among employees for two years since initial occupancy. multiple interventions had been unsuccessful an initial evaluation of 14 individuals identified three with potential asthma and three with symptoms consistent with interstitial lung disease. a clinical screening protocol to identify individuals who sho ... | 1998 | 9531095 |
| toxigenic fungi in a water-damaged building: an intervention study. | in an investigation of health complaints among employees of a water-damaged office building, the environment showed evidence of fungal contamination with the isolation of stachybotrys chartarum in one of five bulk samples tested for fungal growth. in response, a public health official recommended that employees be relocated from the building. employees were subsequently moved to a different environment. a focused environmental investigation of microbial growth within the building followed, revea ... | 1998 | 9651629 |
| protection by fungal starters against growth and secondary metabolite production of fungal spoilers of cheese. | the influence of fungal starter cultures on growth and secondary metabolite production of fungal contaminants associated with cheese was studied on laboratory media and camembert cheese. isolates of the species penicillium nalgiovense, p. camemberti, p. roqueforti and geotrichum candidum were used as fungal starters. the species p. commune, p. caseifulvum, p. verrucosum, p. discolor, p. solitum, p. coprophilum and aspergillus versicolor were selected as contaminants. the fungal starters showed d ... | 1998 | 9706802 |
| aspergillus versicolor as cause of onychomycosis: report of 12 cases and susceptibility testing to antifungal drugs. | onychomycoses caused by opportunistic moulds are not well understood, and many are due to scopulariopsis brevicaulis and other species. aspergillus versicolor is not documented as an etiological agent in most studies. we have found an increasing prevalence of this species which is involved in 5.8% of all fungal infections of toe nails. | 1998 | 9731962 |
| chitinolytic activity at low temperature of an antarctic strain (a3) of verticillium lecanii. | the chitinolytic activity of verticillium cfr. lecanii a3, a strain isolated from continental antarctica, was compared to those of two selected strains of trichoderma harzianum. after 72 h of incubation at 25 degrees c in media containing chitin as the sole carbon source, all strains showed the same enzyme activity (ca. 230 mu/ml); at 15 degrees c, the levels of enzyme activity of the three strains were similar to those obtained at 25 degrees c. at 5 degrees c, in contrast, the activity of v. le ... | 1998 | 9766230 |
| microbial degradation of polymeric coatings measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. | this paper reports results of biodegradation studies of polyimide coatings exposed to a mixed fungal culture using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (eis). the fungal consortium was originally isolated from degraded polyimides and identified species include aspergillus versicolor, cladosporium cladosporioides, and a chaetomium species. actively growing fungi on polyimides yield distinctive eis spectra through time, indicative of failure of the polymer integrity compared to the uninoculated ... | 1998 | 9807803 |
| molds on house walls and the effect of their chloroform-extractable metabolites on the respiratory cilia movement of one-day-old chicks in vitro. | the ciliostatic activity of the chloroform-extractable endo- and exometabolites of 5 strains of filamentous fungi--alternaria sp., aspergillus glaucus group, aspergillus versicolor, cladosporium sphoerospermum, penicillium sp. and ulocladium sp.--isolated from molded walls of a dwelling--on tracheal cilia from 1-d-old chicks in vitro was evaluated. endometabolites of alternaria sp. and a. versicolor and exometabolites of ulocladium sp. were the most active, these extracts stopped the ciliary mov ... | 1998 | 10069012 |
| microfungal contamination of damp buildings--examples of risk constructions and risk materials. | to elucidate problems with microfungal infestation in indoor environments, a multidisciplinary collaborative pilot study, supported by a grant from the danish ministry of housing and urban affairs, was performed on 72 mold-infected building materials from 23 buildings. water leakage through roofs, rising damp, and defective plumbing installations were the main reasons for water damage with subsequent infestation of molds. from a score system assessing the bioavailability of the building material ... | 1999 | 10347000 |
| an approach to management of critical indoor air problems in school buildings. | this study was conducted in a school center that had been the focus of intense public concern over 2 years because of suspected mold and health problems. because several attempts to find solutions to the problem within the community were not satisfactory, outside specialists were needed for support in solving the problem. the study group consisted of experts in civil engineering, indoor mycology, and epidemiology. the studies were conducted in close cooperation with the city administration. stru ... | 1999 | 10423392 |
| evaluation of different methods for the extraction of dna from fungal conidia by quantitative competitive pcr analysis. | five different dna extraction methods were evaluated for their effectiveness in recovering pcr templates from the conidia of a series of fungal species often encountered in indoor air. the test organisms were aspergillus versicolor, penicillium chrysogenum, stachybotrys chartarum, cladosporium herbarum and alternaria alternata. the extraction methods differed in their use of different cell lysis procedures. these included grinding in liquid nitrogen, grinding at ambient temperature, sonication, ... | 1999 | 10445315 |
| fungicidal effect of 15 disinfectants against 25 fungal contaminants commonly found in bread and cheese manufacturing. | resistance of 19 mold and 6 yeast species to 15 commercial disinfectants was investigated by using a suspension method in which the fungicidal effect and germination time were determined at 20 degrees c. disinfectants containing 0.5% dodecyldiethylentriaminacetic acid, 10 g of chloramine-t per 1, 2.0% formaldehyde, 0.1% potassium hydroxide, 3.0% hydrogen peroxide, or 0.3% peracetic acid were ineffective as fungicides. the fungicidal effect of quaternary ammonium compounds and chlorine compounds ... | 1996 | 10463445 |
| prediction of toxigenic fungal growth in buildings by using a novel modelling system. | there is growing concern about the adverse effects of fungal bioaerosols on the occupants of damp dwellings. based on an extensive analysis of previously published data and on experiments carried out within this study, critical limits for the growth of the indoor fungi eurotium herbariorum, aspergillus versicolor, and stachybotrys chartarum were mathematically described in terms of growth limit curves (isopleths) which define the minimum combination of temperature (t) and relative humidity (rh) ... | 1999 | 10543791 |
| mycotoxins in crude building materials from water-damaged buildings. | we analyzed 79 bulk samples of moldy interior finishes from finnish buildings with moisture problems for 17 mycotoxins, as well as for fungi that could be isolated using one medium and one set of growth conditions. we found the aflatoxin precursor, sterigmatocystin, in 24% of the samples and trichothecenes in 19% of the samples. trichothecenes found included satratoxin g or h in five samples; diacetoxyscirpenol in five samples; and 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, deoxynivalenol, verrucarol, or t-2-tetr ... | 2000 | 10788357 |
| fungal surveillance of an open haematology ward. | air sampling and surveillance cultures for fungi were performed in a scottish general haematology ward over a five-month period in 1997. the mean total fungal count from the air sampling appeared to be correlated with the number of patients colonized by aspergillus. the most commonly isolated species were aspergillus versicolor, a. fumigatus and a. niger. rooms with portable air filtration units had significantly lower total fungal counts than the others. swabs were taken from 70 patients (mean ... | 2000 | 10973746 |