| effect of enzyme producing microorganisms on the biomass of epigeic earthworms (eisenia fetida) in vermicompost. | we analyzed the bacterial community structure of the intestines of earthworms and determined the effect of enzyme producing microorganisms on the biomass of earthworms in vermicompost. fifty-seven bacterial 16s rdna clones were identified in the intestines of earthworms by using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge) analysis. entomoplasma somnilux and bacillus licheniformis were the dominant microorganisms; other strains included aeromonas, bacillus, clostr ... | 2011 | 21421302 |
| reduction of benzyl viologen distinguishes genera of the class mollicutes. | we tested the ability of 62 growing strains belonging to the class mollicutes to reduce the redox indicator and free-radical generator 1,1'-dibenzyl-4,4'-bipyridinium dichloride (benzyl viologen [bv]) to a blue-violet-purple color. bv was reduced by 12 acholeplasma species but not by acholeplasma multiforme pn525t (t = type strain). bv was also reduced by five of nine mesoplasma species and by four of six entomoplasma species. bv was not reduced by 19 mycoplasma species, six spiroplasma species, ... | 1996 | 8863413 |
| mycoplasma sturni sp. nov., from the conjunctiva of a european starling (sturnus vulgaris). | strain ucmf(t) (t = type strain) was isolated from the conjunctiva of a european starling (sturnus vulgaris) with conjunctivitis. colonies grown on conventional mycoplasma agar possessed the typical fried-egg appearance observed with many mycoplasmal species. electron micrographs of ultrathin sections of ucmf(t) revealed a pleomorphic cellular morphology; the cells ranged from spherical to elliptical or flask shaped. the cell size ranged from 0.3 to 0.5 microns. strain ucmf(t) grows well in a va ... | 1996 | 8782681 |
| mycoplasma auris sp. nov., mycoplasma cottewii sp. nov., and mycoplasma yeatsii sp. nov., new sterol-requiring mollicutes from the external ear canals of goats. | three mycoplasma strains, designated giht (t = type strain), uiat, and vist, were isolated from the external ear canals of goats and were shown to be serologically distinct from each other and from previously described acholeplasma, entomoplasma, mesoplasma, and mycoplasma species. using light and transmission electron microscopy, we showed that the cells of these organisms were small, pleomorphic, coccoid, nonmotile, and nonhelical and that each cell was surrounded by a single cytoplasmic membr ... | 1994 | 8068541 |
| mycoplasma and ureaplasma infections. | organisms of the class mollicutes (meaning soft-skin) have regressively evolved, by genome reduction, from gram-positive bacterial ancestors, namely certain clostria (1). the taxonomy of the class mollicutes, containing four orders, five familes, and eight genera, is shown in table 1 (2) the term "mollicute" is sometimes trivially used to describe any organism in the class. the term "mycoplasma" might be used best to describe any member of the genus mycoplasma, but is also used, as in this chapt ... | 1998 | 21390755 |
| genetic analysis of housekeeping genes of members of the genus acholeplasma: phylogeny and complementary molecular markers to the 16s rrna gene. | the partial nucleotide sequences of the rpob and gyrb genes as well as the complete sequence of the 16s-23s rrna intergenic transcribed spacer (its) were determined for all known acholeplasma species. the same genes of mesoplasma and entomoplasma species were also sequenced and used to infer phylogenetic relationships among the species within the orders entomoplasmatales and acholeplasmatales. the comparison of the its, rpob, and gyrb phylogenetic trees with the 16s rrna phylogenetic tree reveal ... | 2007 | 17267242 |
| the genus spiroplasma and its non-helical descendants: phylogenetic classification, correlation with phenotype and roots of the mycoplasma mycoides clade. | the genus spiroplasma (helical mollicutes: bacteria: firmicutes: mollicutes: entomoplasmatales: spiroplasmataceae) is associated primarily with insects. the mycoplasma mycoides cluster (sensu weisburg et al. 1989 and johansson and pettersson 2002) is a group of mollicutes that includes the type species - mycoplasma mycoides - of mycoplasmatales, mycoplasmataceae and mycoplasma. this cluster, associated solely with ruminants, contains five other species and subspecies. earlier phylogenetic recons ... | 2004 | 15143041 |
| entomoplasma freundtii sp. nov., a new species from a green tiger beetle (coleoptera: cicindelidae). | a mollicute (strain barc 318t) isolated from gut tissue of a green tiger beetle (coleoptera: cicindelidae) was found by dark-field microscopy to consist of non-helical, non-motile, pleomorphic coccoid forms of various sizes. in ultrastructural studies, individual cells varied in diameter from 300 to 1200 nm, were surrounded by a cytoplasmic membrane and showed no evidence of cell wall. the organisms were readily filterable through membrane filters with mean pore diameters of 450 and 300 nm, with ... | 1998 | 9828421 |
| mycoplasma lagogenitalium sp. nov., from the preputial smegma of afghan pikas (ochotona rufescens rufescens). | organisms with characteristics typical of mycoplasmas were isolated from the preputial smegma of afghan picas (ochotona rufescens rufescens). the results of growth inhibition tests, metabolic inhibition tests, and immunobinding assays showed that the isolated strains were identical and that they were distinct from previously described mycoplasma, entomoplasma, mesoplasma, and acholeplasma species. these organisms represent a new species, for which the name mycoplasma lagogenitalium is proposed. ... | 1997 | 9336930 |
| mycoplasma crocodyli sp. nov., a new species from crocodiles. | organisms with the typical characteristics of mycoplasmas were isolated from joints and lungs of crocodiles. the results of growth inhibition tests and immunobinding assays showed that the 24 mycoplasma strains isolated were identical and distinct from previously described mycoplasma, entomoplasma, mesoplasma, and acholeplasma species. these organisms represent a new species, for which the name mycoplasma crocodyli is proposed. m. crocodyli ferments glucose and maltose, does not produce films an ... | 1997 | 9226906 |
| comparative metabolism of mesoplasma, entomoplasma, mycoplasma, and acholeplasma. | cytoplasmic fractions from species of the mollicutes genera entomoplasma, mesoplasma, mycoplasma, and acholeplasma were assayed for nadh oxidase (nadh ox), atp- and ppi-dependent phosphofructokinase (pfk), atp- and ppi-dependent deoxyguanosine kinase (dguok), thymidine kinase (tk), tmp kinase (tmpk), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pde), lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), malate dehydrogenase (mdh), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase, dutpase, and ura ... | 1996 | 8863414 |
| mycoplasma corogypsi sp. nov., a new species from the footpad abscess of a black vulture, coragyps atratus. | strain bv1 was isolated from the exudate of the footpad abscess of a black vulture (coragyps atratus). the colonies had a "fried-egg" appearance consistent with that of mycoplasmal species. electron microscopic examination of the cells revealed irregular elongated or elliptical forms and smaller circular budding processes. profuse growth was observed in frey medium supplemented with 20% swine serum at 37 degrees c in a humidified atmosphere of 10% co2 and air. typical of mycoplasma, strain bv1 r ... | 1993 | 8347515 |
| a test for measuring growth responses of mollicutes to serum and polyoxyethylene sorbitan. | a test is described that is useful for characterizing mollicutes in terms of the ability to maintain growth in medium containing 15 to 20% fetal bovine serum or in serum-free media with or without 0.04% tween 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan). representative acholeplasma species maintained growth in serum-free medium, and about half of the strains tested grew well in tween 80-supplemented medium. representative mycoplasma and entomoplasma species did not maintain growth in either serum-free medium a ... | 1993 | 8347511 |
| taxonomic descriptions of eight new non-sterol-requiring mollicutes assigned to the genus mesoplasma. | twenty mollicute strains isolated primarily from insect hosts were characterized and arranged into eight new species in the genus mesoplasma. morphological examination of the organisms by electron and dark-field microscopic techniques revealed that the cells of each strain were small, nonhelical, nonmotile, pleomorphic, and coccoid and that each cell was surrounded by a single cytoplasmic membrane with no evidence of a cell wall. although the new mollicutes grew well in media containing horse or ... | 1994 | 7726910 |