| comparison of the biophysical and biochemical properties of penicillium cyaneo-fulvum virus and penicillium chrysogenum virus. | the biophysical and biochemical properties of penicillium cyaneo-fulvum virus (pc-fv) and penicillium chrysogenum virus (pcv) have been compared. in sucrose density gradient sedimentation, purified virus preparations gave one major component, l, and three minor components e1, e2 and h with sedimentation coefficients of 145s, 80s, 102s and 172s respectively in each case. e1, e2 were shown to be empty particles. pc-fv l particles contained only double-stranded rna, which separated in polyacrylamid ... | 1977 | 833575 |
| comparisons of packed cell volumes (pcvs) from so-called chicken anemia agent (caa; a virus)-free broilers to pcvs from caa-free specific-pathogen-free leghorns. | packed cell volumes (pcvs) from 3-, 7-, 14-, 21-, 28-, and 35-day-old clinically healthy chicken anemia agent (caa)-free and specific-pathogen-free (spf) leghorn chicks were compared with pcvs from age-matched clinically healthy caa-free broiler chicks. the pcvs of the spf chicks regressed significantly (f = 20.6, df = 2/3, p < 0.025) on age in a linear fashion. the pcvs of the broiler chicks regressed significantly (f = 9.56, df = 2/3, p < 0.05) on age in a cubic parabola. the mean pcvs of the ... | 1992 | 1485859 |
| longevity of rabies antibody titre in recipients of human diploid cell rabies vaccine. | sera from individuals across the usa and peace corps volunteers (pcv) were assayed for neutralizing antibody to human diploid cell rabies vaccine (hdcv). a pairwise comparison between intramuscular (i.m.) and intradermal (i.d.) administration, pcv and non-pcv, revealed statistically significant differences between i.m. and i.d. for pcv and non-pcv, and between pcv and non-pcv for i.d. and i.m. administration. survival analysis and frequency tables employing chi 2 tests determined that the percen ... | 1992 | 1539465 |
| isolation of a cellular protein that binds to the human immunodeficiency virus tat protein and can potentiate transactivation of the viral promoter. | the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat protein is a powerful transactivator of the viral long terminal repeat (ltr). we have identified a cellular protein that strongly binds to tat and can complement tat transactivation in rodent cells. the cellular protein of about 36 kda was isolated from extracts of human cells by tat peptide-affinity chromatography and can form a complex with tat in vitro. tat transactivation is inefficient in rodent cells microinjected or transfected with the reporter ... | 1991 | 1924346 |
| comparison of three animal viruses with circular single-stranded dna genomes. | no common antigenic determinants and no dna sequence homologies were detected when three animal viruses, chicken anaemia agent (caa), porcine circovirus (pcv), and psittacine beak and feather disease virus (pbfdv), all of which possess circular single-stranded dna genomes, were compared. negative contrast electron microscopy showed that pcv and pbfdv particles were 30% smaller than caa particles and lacked the surface structure of caa. | 1991 | 2006901 |
| purification and biochemical characterization of chicken anaemia agent. | chicken anaemia agent (caa) was purified using differential centrifugation and successive cycles of equilibrium density gradient centrifugation using sucrose and cscl. the purification method was dependent on the use of an antigen-detecting elisa based on a caa-specific monoclonal antibody. virus particles banded at a density of 1.33 to 1.34 g/ml in cscl and measured 23.5 +/- 0.8 nm in diameter. purified preparations contained one major polypeptide (mr 50,000) and a single-stranded, circular dna ... | 1990 | 2109040 |
| studies on the development of an elisa kit for microbiological monitoring. 1. evaluation of the reliability of the prototype kit by field tests. | the prototype of an elisa kit using protein a as the second reaction reagent for mice and anti-rat igg for rats was prepared for seromonitoring of the sendai virus and mouse hepatitis virus (mhv)/sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav)/parker's rat coronavirus (pcv) infections. the respective antigen strains and protein concentrations were sendai virus mn strain, 2 micrograms/ml and mhv nu-67 strain, 5 micrograms/ml. the reliability of this prototype kit was investigated in two field tests performed on ... | 1990 | 2154385 |
| variations in erythropoiesis throughout a lifetime. studies in a high-leukaemic mouse strain, the akr/o strain, and a non-leukaemic strain, the wlo strain. | we have studied the development of some haematological variables: erythropoiesis stimulating factor(s) (esf), investigated with an in vitro cell culture assay; and the content of bone marrow and spleen erythroid colony forming unit(s) (cfu-e) and erythroid burst forming unit(s) (bfu-e) throughout the lifetime of 2 different mouse strains: the high-leukaemic, retrovirus infected akr/o strain, and the non-leukaemic wlo strain. during the recovery phase of the postnatal anaemia, a peak in plasma es ... | 1990 | 2291984 |
| differentiation of peanut clump virus serotypes by monoclonal antibodies. | a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mab) produced against peanut clump virus (pcv) was used to characterize five serotypes of the virus. four different formats of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) were compared to establish the most suitable one for diagnosis of infected plants and for serotype differentiation. since most mab retained their activity when used for coating microtitre plates, a dual mab-type assay was found to be most suitable. the same mab could be used in elisa as coating ... | 1989 | 2474190 |
| pathogenicity of experimental infection with 'pneumotropic' porcine coronavirus. | virus localisation and lesions were studied in 14-one-week-old piglets following combined intranasal-oral inoculation with a british isolate of 'pneumotropic' porcine coronavirus (pcv) and were compared with the effects of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) infection in five piglets. unlike tgev-infected piglets, all pcv-inoculated piglets remained clinically healthy. seroconversion was detected at seven days after inoculation. mild bronchointerstitial pneumonia involving terminal airway ... | 1989 | 2549594 |
| porcine circovirus antigens in pk-15 cell line (atcc ccl-33) and evidence of antibodies to circovirus in canadian pigs. | permanent infection of a pk-15 (atcc ccl-33) cell line by the porcine circovirus was demonstrated. this virus appears to be common in the canadian swine population as indicated by the presence of antibodies detected by indirect immunofluorescence or immunoperoxidase tests in the serum of culled sows and sows in commercial herds. one source of the pk-15 cell line was found to be free of circovirus antigen. | 1989 | 2686830 |
| low-dose cytosine arabinoside-induced remission of lymphoblastic leukemia in a cat. | low-dose cytosine arabinoside (10 mg/m2, q 12 h), an antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent, was administered subcutaneously to a cat with aleukemic lymphoblastic leukemia. after several weeks of this treatment, there was marked improvement in the neutrophil count and pcv, as well as restoration of adequate numbers of normal bone marrow cells. the remission lasted 10 weeks. | 1987 | 2824412 |
| reactivities of 4 murine coronavirus antigens with immunized or naturally infected rat sera by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. | four murine coronavirus antigens, sialodacryoadenitis virus (sdav) strain tg, parker's rat coronavirus (pcv) strain 8190, mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) strains s and nuu, were examined for their reactivities to hyperimmunized and naturally infected rat sera by elisa. with the immunized sera, sdav and pcv antigens reacted best with respective homologous sera. mhv antigens reacted with all antisera, anti-sdav, anti-pcv, and anti-mhv-s at approximately the same level, and mhv-s showed a slightly high ... | 1988 | 2843391 |
| viral dna from cells infected with porcine circovirus. | it has been demonstrated earlier that the genome of the porcine circovirus (pcv) isolated from virions is a circular single-stranded dna (ssdna). this report describes the isolation and characterization of pcv-specific dna from infected cell cultures. two types of double-stranded dna (dsdna) were observed which behaved like supercoiled and relaxed circular molecules, respectively. both types of dsdna displayed infectivity in transfection experiments and are regarded as replicative forms (rf) of ... | 1988 | 2851903 |
| experimentally induced bluetongue virus infection in white-tailed deer: coagulation, clinical pathologic, and gross pathologic changes. | ten yearling white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) were inoculated with bluetongue virus serotype 17. two yearling white-tailed deer were inoculated with sonicated heparinized noninfected blood and served as controls. clinical signs of bluetongue virus infection included increased rectal temperature, erythema, facial edema, coronitis, and stomatitis. by postinoculation day (pid) 8, excessive bleeding and hematoma formation at venipuncture sites, dehydration, and diarrhea developed. at necro ... | 1988 | 2854709 |
| mammalian dna polymerase alpha: a replication-competent holoenzyme form from calf thymus. | calf thymus dna polymerase alpha, like the replication-specific dna polymerase iii holoenzyme of escherichia coli, can be isolated as a distinct complex. a specific multiprotein form of the polymerase alpha, a form designated replication-competent (rc) holoenzyme, consists of a complex of a polymerase-primase core and at least six other polypeptides. the rc holoenzyme can efficiently replicate several naturally occurring templates, including the genomic dna of the porcine circovirus (pcv). the d ... | 1987 | 2894679 |
| calf thymus dna polymerase delta: purification, biochemical and functional properties of the enzyme after its separation from dna polymerase alpha, a dna dependent atpase and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. | we have established a novel procedure to purify calf thymus dna polymerase delta from cytoplasmic extracts. the enzyme has typical properties of dna polymerase delta including a 3' - greater than 5' exonuclease activity and efficiently replicates natural occurring genomes such as primed single-stranded m13 dna and single-stranded porcine circovirus dna, this last one thanks to an associated or contaminating primase activity. a processivity of at least a thousand bases was evident and this in the ... | 1988 | 2899882 |
| quantitative studies of erythropoiesis in the clinically normal, phlebotomized, and feline leukemia virus-infected cat. | erythropoiesis was evaluated in 5 cats at base line with normal pcv and then in the same cats with anemia induced by phlebotomy and in 5 other cats with nonregenerative anemia from community-acquired feline leukemia virus (felv) infection. the hematologic evaluation included complete blood cell and reticulocyte counts, marrow morphologic features, determination of serum erythropoietin concentrations by radioimmunoassay, ferrokinetic studies, and in vitro marrow culture of early erythroid progeni ... | 1986 | 3022625 |
| a newly developed immunofluorescent assay for determining the pichinde virus-inhibitory effects of selected nucleoside analogues. | an immunofluorescent assay (ifa) for pichinde virus (pcv), a member of the family arenaviridae, was developed for antiviral drug assays against the virus. the assay was performed by adding fluorescein-labeled anti-pcv monoclonal antibody to virus-infected cells at 24 h after the initial infection and counting the infected cells with an epifluorescence microscope. the average 50% effective dose (ed50) for a series of nucleoside analogues tested against pcv using this ifa was: 2-beta-d-ribofuranos ... | 1988 | 3069048 |
| replication of single-stranded porcine circovirus dna by dna polymerases alpha and delta. | porcine circovirus is the only mammalian dna virus so far known to contain a single-stranded circular genome (tischer et al. (1982) nature 295, 64-66). replication of its small viral dna (1.76 kb) appears to be dependent on cellular enzymes expressed during s-phase of the cell cycle (tischer et al. (1987) arch. virol. 96, 39-57). in this paper we have exploited the porcine circovirus genome to probe for in vitro initiation and elongation of dna replication by different preparations of calf thymu ... | 1988 | 3207761 |
| replication of porcine circovirus: induction by glucosamine and cell cycle dependence. | multiplication of porcine circovirus (pcv) was found to be inducible by treatment of infected cell cultures with 300 mm glucosamine. one day after glucosamine treatment and after growth in fresh medium, an increase in the number of cells containing virus antigen of up to 50 times as compared to mock-treated cultures was observed. analysis of this phenomenon revealed that replication of pcv dna was induced. only aminohexoses but not hexoses and acetylated aminohexoses were efficacious. the course ... | 1987 | 3619654 |
| studies on epidemiology and pathogenicity of porcine circovirus. | antibodies to porcine circovirus (pcv) which is the smallest animal virus known so far were found in 77-95 per cent of sera from slaughter pigs gathered in berlin and two districts of northern germany. about 60 per cent of these positive sera had relatively high titres similar to those in experimentally infected pigs 3-6 weeks after infection. this indicates that the animals might have become infected during the fattening period. sera from 2-3 year old pigs from a laboratory animal breeding inst ... | 1986 | 3778212 |
| changes in body fluid compartments, tissue water and electrolyte distribution, and lipid concentrations in rhesus macaques with yellow fever. | rhesus macaques were inoculated subcutaneously with 40 plaque-forming units of yellow fever (yf) virus. to identify pathophysiologic mechanisms of yf, rectal temperatures and evidence of viremia were observed daily; physiologic and biochemical changes were studied on postinoculation day (pid) 5. marked viremia was detected on pid 2 through 5, and fever was first observed on pid 4. on pid 5, blood and plasma volumes and circulatory k+ values increased, whereas rbc volume, pcv, and plasma choleste ... | 1982 | 7181200 |
| long-term treatment of diseased, fiv-seropositive field cats with azidothymidine (azt). | the long-term effectiveness of azidothymidine (azt, zidovudine) was evaluated in fiv-seropositive cats with clinical symptoms (n = 9; group 1) compared with conventional symptomatical therapy (n = 5; group 2). the oral administration of azidothymidine at a dosage of 5 mg/kg bw yielded a mean peak plasma concentration of 4.59 microm one hour after application (median: 3.74 microm). elimination half time was 1.5 h. the permanent oral application of azidothymidine at a dosage of 5 mg/kg bw tid led ... | 1995 | 7495172 |
| occurrence and role of an early antigen and evidence for transforming ability of porcine circovirus. | by means of indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) using natural swine immune serum and hyperimmune serum from rabbits infected with porcine circovirus (pcv), a pcv antigen was detected present prior to the onset of viral and cellular dna synthesis in nucleoli of cells of synchronized and growth stimulated infected ps cell cultures grown for more than 12 h in the presence of hydroxyurea. the number of cells containing specifically fluorescing nucleoli increased with increasing time of growth in ... | 1995 | 7503680 |
| presence of antibodies reacting with porcine circovirus in sera of humans, mice, and cattle. | antibodies reacting with porcine circovirus (pcv) were found in sera of humans, mice, and cattle by means of an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa) and an elisa. in man, the highest seroprevalence (23.9% in ifa and 30.2% in elisa) was found among hospitalized patients with fever of partially unclear etiology. non-hospitalized "healthy" persons of the former german democratic republic showed a significantly higher number of positive sera (ifa = 20%) than blood donors from berlin-west (ifa = 8 ... | 1995 | 7544971 |
| hiv risk behavior among peace corps volunteers. | to describe hiv risk behaviors among peace corps volunteers (pcv) and to examine correlates of sexual risk behaviors. | 1995 | 7546426 |
| pathogenesis of porcine circovirus; experimental infections of colostrum deprived piglets and examination of pig foetal material. | the results of virus and antigen distribution following experimental infection of colostrum deprived pigs with pig circovirus (pcv) by oral/nasal and intravenous routes are reported. pcv and antigen were detected using virus isolation and indirect immunofluorescence on cryostat sections respectively. pcv antigen was detected in tissues throughout the body but primarily in spleen thymus, and lung. no pcv antigen or virus was detected in tissue samples from the central nervous system. examination ... | 1995 | 7667906 |
| parapoxvirus of red deer: evidence for its inclusion as a new member in the genus parapoxvirus. | there are three accepted members of the parapoxvirus genus, orf virus (ov), papular stomatitis virus (psv), and pseudocowpox virus (pcv). ov is maintained in sheep and goats and psv and pcv in cattle. restriction endonuclease profiles of the dna derived from representatives of these established members of the genus were compared with profiles from a parapoxvirus recently isolated from red deer. in no case did the profile of this latter virus (dpv) resemble those generated from the other parapoxv ... | 1995 | 7747456 |
| distribution of antibodies to porcine circovirus in swine populations of different breeding farms. | an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for mass antibody screening to porcine circovirus (pcv) in pig herds of different age groups and of different husbandries. infection with pcv was found to be common in all swine herds tested, with only one exception, a herd at a small farm. statistically, the percentage of pcv negative sera decreased and titer levels increased with increasing age of the pigs. within individual age groups, differences were found to exist between different ... | 1995 | 7794114 |
| production, preliminary characterisation and applications of monoclonal antibodies to porcine circovirus. | the preparation of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to porcine circovirus is described. preliminary characterisation was carried out on nine mabs obtained from two fusions and included isotyping, virus neutralisation assays and indirect immunofluorescence staining patterns obtained following immunostaining of both a porcine circovirus (pcv)-persistently infected pig kidney (pk/15/w) and vero (vero-pcv) cell line. significant differences in the staining patterns were observed in both cell lines which ... | 1994 | 7856071 |
| childhood anemia in africa: to transfuse or not transfuse? | blood transfusions are an important route for hiv transmission in africa. to explore whether transfusions are necessary in the case management of childhood anemia, a randomized trial was performed in ifakara, tanzania, a holoendemic malaria region. 116 children were randomized to receive either treatment for malaria and hookworm alone or, in addition, a transfusion of whole blood which had been tested negative for antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus. mean packed cell volume (pcv) ... | 1993 | 7903137 |
| some biological and physico-chemical properties of porcine circovirus. | some important biological and physico-chemical characteristics of porcine circovirus are reported. these include a study on the host distribution in nature, levels of colostrum-derived antibodies in piglets from sero-positive sows and the susceptibility of a range of cell cultures to infection with this virus. the results of haemagglutination studies, resistance to ph 3, chloroform and heat are also reported as are comparative buoyant densities and sedimentation coefficients of porcine circoviru ... | 1994 | 7941842 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of peanut clump virus rna 1 and relationships with other fungus-transmitted rod-shaped viruses. | the complete nucleotide sequence of rna 1 of the tentative furovirus peanut clump virus (pcv) has been determined by characterization of cloned cdna and by direct rna sequencing. the sequence is 5897 nucleotides in length and contains three long open reading frames (orfs). the 5'-terminal proximal orf has the potential to encode a polypeptide of m(r) 130942 (p131) containing methyltransferase and rna helicase homologous domains and displaying homology with large nonstructural proteins of alpha-l ... | 1994 | 7964624 |
| infection of leucocyte cell cultures derived from different species with pig circovirus. | cultures of leucocyte cells were prepared from pig bone marrow, peripheral blood, lung washings, thymus and lymph nodes. cell cultures were also prepared from peripheral blood from sheep, cattle and a human. immunofluorescent (if) staining of all these cultures, following inoculation with pig circovirus (pcv), detected virus replication in all the cell cultures derived from pigs and in the cell cultures derived from cattle. virus replication in pig leucocyte cell cultures was confirmed by demons ... | 1994 | 7975152 |
| the coat protein of indian peanut clump virus: relationships with other furoviruses and with barley stripe mosaic virus. | the 5'-most open reading frame of the c.4kb rna-2 of indian peanut clump furovirus (ipcv) encodes a protein of 208 amino acids. this protein is thought to be the coat protein of ipcv because its amino acid composition and m(r) closely resemble those reported for ipcv coat protein and because its amino acid sequence is 61% identical to that of the coat protein of peanut clump virus (pcv) from west africa. the extent of the sequence identity between ipcv and pcv coat proteins confirms previous con ... | 1994 | 8129616 |
| synergism between chicken anemia virus (cav) and avian reovirus following dual infection of 1-day-old chicks by a natural route. | one-day-old specific-pathogen-free white leghorn chicks were dually infected with the cux-1 isolate of chicken anemia virus (cav) and separate avian reovirus strains (s1133 or uchida) by an oral route. fourteen days after inoculation, chicks were bled, and packed cell volumes (pcvs) were determined. chicks were also weighted and examined for macroscopic changes to the bone marrow, thymus, and bursa of fabricius. the results obtained following dual inoculation of chicks with cav and reovirus were ... | 1995 | 8561738 |
| effect of porcine circovirus infection on porcine alveolar macrophage function. | the effect of porcine circovirus (pcv) infection of porcine alveolar macrophage cultures on some of the functional properties of these cells are reported. pcv infection of alveolar macrophages did not effect their ability to phagocytose and kill complement-coated yeast cells or the expression of fc or complement receptors. a transient increase in major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i expression in pcv-infected cells were observed 4 days after infection and a decrease in the number of ce ... | 1996 | 8677632 |
| experimental infection of three nigerian breeds of sheep with the zinga strain of the rift valley fever virus. | experimental infection of three indigenous breeds of sheep in nigeria, namely the west african dwarf (wad), yankasa and ouda resulted in fatal disease with the zinga rift valley fever virus. infected sheep of the three breeds responded by pyrexia within 24 h of infection, that lasted 6 to 7 days, but peaked between day 2 and 4 post-infection. viraemia coincided with pyrexia and peaked (10(9) pfu/ml) 3 days p.i. in yankasa and wad sheep, but with highest titre (10(7.5) pfu/ml) in ouda sheep. zing ... | 1996 | 8881413 |
| sequence of porcine circovirus dna: affinities with plant circoviruses. | the complete nucleotide sequence (1759 nt) of the ssdna genome of porcine circovirus (pcv) was determined from a cloned dsdna replicative form isolated from pcv-infected cells. sequence analysis detected no significant nucleic acid or protein similarity with another animal circovirus, chicken anaemia virus (cav) but, surprisingly, the highest protein similarity was obtained between the product of the largest predicted pcv orf (orf1; encoding a potential protein of 35.7 kda) and a putative protei ... | 1997 | 9010307 |
| mapping and characterization of the origin of dna replication of porcine circovirus. | the origin of dna replication of porcine circovirus (pcv) was mapped to a 111-bp fragment. on top of a hairpin, a nonanucleotide (tagtattac) homologous to nonanucleotides of other viruses was identified. mutation of this element abolishes replication. pcv may be related to a virus family characterized by single-stranded circular dna genomes, rolling-circle replication, and homology of their rep proteins. | 1997 | 9032401 |
| detection and characterization of porcine circovirus associated with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in pigs. | | 1997 | 9187809 |
| identification of a protein essential for replication of porcine circovirus. | the largest open reading frame of porcine circovirus (orf 4) encodes a protein of 312 amino acids. the predicted gene product of orf 4 shows similarities to rep proteins of other plant circoviruses and geminiviruses. three motifs have been identified that are characteristic for proteins involved in rolling circle replication and the consensus sequence for a putative dntp-binding box (gks) has been found. in this paper, experimental evidence is presented which indicates that orf 4 encodes the rep ... | 1998 | 9472624 |
| the nucleotide sequence of rna-1 of indian peanut clump furovius. | the nucleotide sequence of rna-1 of an isolate of the h serotype of indian peanut clump virus (ipcv-h) was shown to comprise 5,841 nucleotides. the rna contains three open reading frames (orf) which are between nucleotides 133 and 3,522, nucleotides 3,526 and 5,103 (assuming expression by suppression of the orf 1 termination codon) and nucleotides 5,168 and 5,539. the encoded polypeptides have m(r), of 129,687 (p130), 60,188 (p60) and 14,281 (p14). orf 2 is thought to be expressed by suppression ... | 1996 | 9526538 |
| isolation of porcine circovirus-like viruses from pigs with a wasting disease in the usa and europe. | samples of lung, liver, kidney, pancreas, spleen, and lymph node from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome from california (usa) and samples of mesenteric lymph nodes from similarly diseased pigs from brittany (france) were examined by light microscopy, in situ hybridization (ish), and/or virus isolation. whole genomic probes for porcine circovirus (pcv) and chicken anemia virus (cav) were used for ish. tissue homogenate supernatants were inoculated onto pk/15 cells for virus iso ... | 1998 | 9526853 |
| abattoir survey of sheep and goats in the gambia. | an abattoir survey of sheep and goats was carried out in the gambia for one year. a total of 1248 goats and 438 sheep, predominantly young females, were slaughtered and sampled. sixty per cent of the females of both species were pregnant. there were no significant differences between the dressing percentages of different breeds and age groups. sex and stage of pregnancy had a significant influence on carcase yields in both species. in goats the highest carcase yields were obtained during the ear ... | 1998 | 9569483 |
| nucleotide sequence of porcine circovirus associated with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in pigs. | this article describes the nucleotide sequence of a porcine circovirus (pcv) which possesses a high degree of association with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), a newly described disease of young pigs. the dna sequence of this pmws-associated pcv (pmws pcv) has 68% homology with that of a previously published nonpathogenic strain of pcv. the strains appear to be closely related yet distinct from one another. | 1998 | 9573301 |
| porcine circovirus infection in northern ireland. | | 1998 | 9612920 |
| the effect of inoculating enterococcus faecalis into the yolk sac on chick quality and maternal antibody absorption. | four hundred thirty-two 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks were randomly divided into 36 groups of 12. all chicks were given 0.2 ml of newcastle disease antiserum (hemagglutination-inhibition [hi] titer 1:5120) by injection into the yolk sac at hatch. half of the groups received 0.2 ml of enterococcus faecalis (4.0 x 10(8) colony-forming units/ml) by injection into the yolk sac at hatch (treatment). the remaining 18 groups received no bacteria (control). two treatment groups and two control ... | 1998 | 9645327 |
| transcription analysis of porcine circovirus (pcv). | this study focuses on gene expression of porcine circovirus (pcv) in order to identify viral genes and their corresponding mrna transcripts. by northern blot analysis, the existence of three mrnas could be demonstrated. two mrnas are encoded by the viral (-)-strand and one is encoded by the viral (+)-strand. the (+)-strand encoded mrna transcript is 990 nucleotides (nt) long and corresponds to the open reading frame (orf) 1, as shown by s1 mapping. the start point of this transcript is located a ... | 1998 | 9654680 |
| phylogenetic analysis of triple gene block viruses based on the tgb 1 homolog gene indicates a convergent evolution. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the triple gene block one (tgb 1) of cymbidium mosaic potexvirus (cymmv) was compared to those from other potex-, carla-, furo- and hordeiviruses. seven conserved motifs in the tgb 1, including the atp-gtp binding domain (p-loop) consensus gxxgktsts, were found in all four virus genera. we propose that all tgbv can be classified into phylogenetic clusters based on their tgb 1 homolog genes. these clusters can be further delineated to form subgroups. the first ... | 1998 | 9654683 |
| transfer rna mimicry in a new group of positive-strand rna plant viruses, the furoviruses: differential aminoacylation between the rna components of one genome. | recent sequencing of the genomes of several furoviruses--fungus-transmitted rod-shaped positive-strand plant viruses--has suggested the presence of trna-like structures (tlss) at the 3' ends of the genomic rnas. we show here that the genomic rnas of soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (sbwmv), beet soil-borne virus (bsbv), potato mop-top virus (pmtv), peanut clump virus (pcv), and indian peanut clump virus (ipcv) all possess functional tlss that are capable of high-efficiency valylation. while the sbw ... | 1998 | 9657004 |
| circovirus-like viral associated disease in weaned pigs in indiana. | inclusion bodies with staining affinity and ultrastructural characteristics typical of circoviruses that stained positive for porcine circovirus (pcv)-like virus were demonstrated in association with granulomatous lesions in multiple tissues of three clinically ill 10- to 12-week-old pigs. a syndrome of poor growth and wasting in 5-15% of weaned pigs was an intermittent problem on a 450-sow one-site farrow-to-finish swine farm in indiana. routine diagnostic testing did not demonstrate a cause. g ... | 1998 | 9684976 |
| detection of a novel strain of porcine circovirus in pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | swine infectious agents, especially viruses, are potential public health risks associated with the use of pig organs for xenotransplantation in humans. therefore, there is a need for better characterization of swine viruses and for the development of diagnostic tests for their detection. we report here isolation of a novel strain of porcine circovirus (pcv) from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). affected pigs exhibited severe interstitial pneumonia and lymphoid depleti ... | 1998 | 9705388 |
| hyperglobulinemia and lymphocyte subset changes in naturally infected, inapparent carriers of equine infectious anemia virus. | to determine blood protein concentration, immunoglobulin concentration, and lymphocyte profiles in equine infectious anemia virus (eiav) seropositive, naturally infected horses without clinical signs of disease. | 1998 | 9706205 |
| identification of genes involved in replication and movement of peanut clump virus. | the genome of peanut clump pecluvirus (pcv) consists of two messenger rna components which contain, respectively, three and five open reading frames (orfs). inoculation of transcripts from full-length cdna clones derived from the pcv rnas showed that rna-1 is able to replicate in the absence of rna-2 in protoplasts, but both rnas are necessary for plant infection. to investigate the role of different gene products in viral rna replication and movement, transcripts from mutant cdna clones were in ... | 1998 | 9721240 |
| the genome organization of the broad bean necrosis virus (bbnv). | the genome of the broad bean necrosis virus oita-isolate (bbnv-o) [rna1 (6.0 kb), rna2 (2.8 kb) and rna3 (2.4 kb)] was cloned and sequenced. computer analysis indicates that methyltransferase, helicase and rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) motifs are present in rna1. the viral capsid protein (cp) cistron is located at the 5' terminal end of rna2 and the mr of cp (20 k) is close to that determined by sds-page analysis. an ochre codon (uaa) in the cp cistron is thought to be partially suppressed ... | 1998 | 9722878 |
| genome sequences of poa semilatent and lychnis ringspot hordeiviruses. | the nucleotide sequences of the genomic rnas of two hordeiviruses, poa semilatent virus (pslv) and lychnis ringspot virus (lrsv), were determined. the genome organization of both viruses is similar to that of the type hordeivirus, barley stripe mosaic virus (bsmv). comparisons of the amino acid sequences of the hordeivirus replicase components revealed a high level of sequence similarity to those of soil-borne wheat mosaic virus (sbwmv), peanut clump virus (pcv), and indian peanut clump virus. t ... | 1998 | 9722881 |
| characterization of novel circovirus dnas associated with wasting syndromes in pigs. | porcine circovirus (pcv) was initially recognized as a contaminant of continuous pig kidney cell lines and was not thought to be pathogenic. antibodies reactive to the cell culture isolate of pcv (pcv pk-15) are prevalent in the swine population worldwide. recently, pcv pk-15-like antigen and nucleic acid were demonstrated in lesions associated with wasting syndromes in pigs in north america and europe. monoclonal antibodies raised to circoviruses isolated from pigs with wasting syndromes highli ... | 1998 | 9747726 |
| detection of haemobartonella felis in cats with experimentally induced acute and chronic infections, using a polymerase chain reaction assay. | to develop a test for detection of haemobartonella felis, using a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay. | 1998 | 9781450 |
| beak and feather disease virus and porcine circovirus genomes: intermediates between the geminiviruses and plant circoviruses. | circoviruses are a diverse group of animal and plant pathogens with undefined relationships to one another but for their non-geminate, non-enveloped capsids and circular, single-stranded dna genomes. the sequences of the beak and feather disease virus and porcine circovirus genomic dnas are presented and analyzed in the context of the other members of the family. sequence comparisons, inferred phylogenies, and geographic occurrence suggest that the ambisense circoviruses, particularly the beak a ... | 1998 | 9787657 |
| psittacine beak and feather disease virus nucleotide sequence analysis and its relationship to porcine circovirus, plant circoviruses, and chicken anaemia virus. | cloning and sequencing of the circular, single-stranded dna of one isolate of psittacine beak and feather disease virus (bfdv) demonstrate a genome composed of a circular molecule of 1993 nucleotide bases. an analysis of the assembled replicative form demonstrated seven open reading frames (orfs) (three in the virion strand and four in the complementary strand), potentially encoding seven viral proteins of >8.7 kda. high amino acid sequence similarity was demonstrated between a potential 33.3-kd ... | 1998 | 9791035 |
| porcine circovirus infection in the republic of ireland. | | 1998 | 9836405 |
| reproduction of lesions of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in gnotobiotic piglets. | neonatal gnotobiotic piglets were inoculated with tissue homogenates and low- and high-passage cell culture material to determine if the lesions of the newly described porcine postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) could be reproduced. for this, 17 3-day-old gnotobiotic piglets were inoculated intranasally with pelleted chloroform-treated, filtered extracts from cell cultures, filter-sterilized homogenates of lymphoid tissue from pmws-affected piglets, or control materials. piglets we ... | 1999 | 9925205 |
| pathological, immunohistochemical, and in-situ hybridization studies of natural cases of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in pigs. | fifteen pigs from five farms on which there had been a previous clinical and histopathological diagnosis of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) were investigated. at necropsy, enlargement of lymph nodes was the most obvious lesion; other lesions were non-collapsed lungs, ulceration of the gastric pars oesophagica, and cranioventral pulmonary consolidation. microscopical lesions attributable to pmws were found in lymphoid organs (including lymph nodes, tonsil, peyer's patches and sp ... | 1999 | 10098016 |
| isolation and characterisation of circoviruses from pigs with wasting syndromes in spain, denmark and northern ireland. | a porcine circovirus (pcv) was isolated from tissues of pigs with wasting syndromes from spain, denmark and n. ireland. the antigenic profiles of these viruses were determined by indirect immunofluorescence assays using polyclonal antisera and monoclonal antibodies (mabs) prepared against previously isolated pcvs. a rapid and convenient pcr-based test was developed and used for the genotyping of these pcv isolates. these pcv isolates were found to be antigenically and genomically similar to prev ... | 1999 | 10227473 |
| synergistic effects of concurrent challenge with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and 3-methylindole in calves. | to evaluate the potential synergy between bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and 3-methylindole (3mi) in inducing respiratory disease in cattle. | 1999 | 10328425 |
| experimental reproduction of severe wasting disease by co-infection of pigs with porcine circovirus and porcine parvovirus. | colostrum-deprived pigs were infected intranasally with a recent isolate of porcine circovirus (pcv2) and a porcine parvovirus (ppv), both from canadian pigs with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). four pigs were inoculated with pcv2 alone, three with ppv alone, five with a combined pcv2/ppv inoculum, and two with a chloroform-treated combined pcv2/ppv inoculum. pigs were killed 21-26 days after infection and tissue samples examined for gross and microscopical lesions and for th ... | 1999 | 10373289 |
| typing of porcine circovirus in clinical specimens by multiplex pcr. | a multiplex pcr assay was developed to detect and differentiate between the porcine circovirus (pcv) infecting persistently the pk 15 cell line (pcv type i) and the pcv associated with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) (pcv type ii). dna products with unique sizes characteristic of each type of pcv were obtained. sequencing of these products demonstrated that the nucleotide sequences were type-specific. tissue samples from a total of 42 field cases from québec were studied, among ... | 1999 | 10403678 |
| experimental inoculation of conventional pigs with tissue homogenates from pigs with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | this report describes the experimental inoculation of conventional pigs with a tissue homogenate obtained from two pigs affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). eight 2-month-old pigs were inoculated by the intranasal route, and two pigs were left as uninfected controls. clinical signs, rectal temperatures and body weights were recorded. pigs were necropsied at days 14 or 21 post-inoculation, and tissue samples were taken for histopathology and porcine circovirus (pcv) in ... | 1999 | 10405306 |
| identification and incidence of porcine circovirus in routine field cases in québec as determined by pcr. | | 1999 | 10466832 |
| a comparison of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for the detection of a new porcine circovirus in formalin-fixed tissues from pigs with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). | post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) is a recently identified condition affecting pigs in north america and europe. porcine circovirus antigen and nucleic acid have been demonstrated associated with lesions, and a new porcine circovirus designated pcv2 has been recovered from tissues of these animals. in this study, in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemical protocols were developed, optimized and compared for their relative sensitivity in detecting pcv2 antigens and nucleic aci ... | 1999 | 10471021 |
| in-situ hybridization for the detection of porcine circovirus in pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | in-situ hybridization with a non-radioactive digoxigenin-labelled probe was used to detect porcine circovirus (pcv) in formalin-fixed paraffin wax-embedded tissues from 10 weaned pigs with naturally occurring postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). a 530 base pair dna fragment from an open reading frame 1 was generated by the polymerase chain reaction. by in-situ hybridization, a distinct positive signal was detected in all 10 pigs. the morphology of host cells was preserved despite t ... | 1999 | 10486162 |
| [possible pathogen: porcine circovirus (pcv)]. | | 1999 | 10486869 |
| hepatitis c virus: an infectious molecular clone of a second major genotype (2a) and lack of viability of intertypic 1a and 2a chimeras. | of the six major genotypes of hepatitis c virus (hcv), infectious cdna clones of only genotype 1 have been reported. here, we report the construction of an infectious cdna clone representing a second major hcv genotype, genotype 2. this infectious clone (pj6cf) encodes the consensus polyprotein of strain hc-j6(ch), genotype 2a. its encoded polyprotein differs from those of the infectious clones of genotypes 1a and 1b by approximately 30%. intertypic chimeric cdna clones constructed from infectio ... | 1999 | 10489358 |
| ultrastructure of porcine circovirus in persistently infected pk-15 cells. | the ultrastructure of porcine circovirus was examined in persistently infected porcine kidney (pk)-15 cells. virus-infected pk-15 cells had large numbers of intracytoplasmic inclusions, and a few cells had intranuclear inclusions. intracytoplasmic inclusions were dispersed throughout the cytoplasm but were most numerous in the perinuclear cytoplasm. inclusion were of various sizes, round to oval, and electron dense and were of two general types. inclusions of the first type were small (0.1-0.5 m ... | 1999 | 10490204 |
| the effect of steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the cellular immunity of calves with experimentally-induced local lung inflammation. | we examined the effect of a single intravenous dose of flumetasone (said) and meloxicam (nsaid) treatment of calves with experimentally-induced localized lung inflammation on immunological and hematological variables such as total protein, gamma globulin, hemoglobin (hb) concentrations, alkaline phosphatase activity, packed red cell volume (pcv), red blood cell (rbc) and white blood cell (wbc) counts. the influence of drug treatment on the phagocytic activity of wbc and bronchoalveolar lavage (b ... | 1999 | 10522782 |
| the first triple gene block protein of peanut clump virus localizes to the plasmodesmata during virus infection. | the subcellular localization of the first triple gene block protein (tgbp1) of peanut clump pecluvirus (pcv) was studied by subcellular fractionation and immunogold cytochemistry using tgbp1-specific antibodies raised against a fusion protein expressed in and purified from bacteria. in the inoculated and apical leaves of virus-infected nicotiana benthamiana, tgbp1 localized to the cell wall and p30 fractions. electron microscopy of immunogold-decorated ultrathin sections of the infected leaf tis ... | 1999 | 10544148 |
| detection of porcine circovirus from lesions of a pig with wasting disease in japan. | a wasting disease characterized by progressive weight loss and dyspnea has been observed in weaning pigs on a farm in yamagata prefecture in 1998. histopathologic findings in an affected pig were bronchointerstitial pneumonia and intracytoplasmic clusters of basophilic inclusions in macrophages of lymph nodes, which were similar to those in pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) recently reported in north america and europe. porcine circovirus (pcv)-like particles were obser ... | 1999 | 10563289 |
| multiplex pcr for detection and typing of porcine circoviruses. | sets of oligonucleotide primers were designed according to the sequences of the open reading frames (orfs) orf1 and orf2 of the prototype nonpathogenic pk-15 strain of porcine circovirus (pcv) type 1 (pcv-1). by the pcr performed with the various primer sets, genomic dna or rna from other bacterial or viral pathogens of the respiratory tracts of pigs could not be amplified. a positive amplification reaction could be visualized with dna extracted from a viral suspension containing as few as 10 vi ... | 1999 | 10565907 |
| reproduction of lesions of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome by infection of conventional pigs with porcine circovirus type 2 alone or in combination with porcine parvovirus. | post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) has recently emerged as an important disease of pigs in north america, europe and asia. porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and porcine parvovirus (ppv) have been isolated from affected pigs. to investigate the pathogenicity of these isolates, groups of colostrum-deprived conventional pigs were inoculated with pcv2 alone (n=4), ppv alone (n=3) or dually with pcv2 and ppv (n=7) and examined post mortem between 21 and 26 days post-infection (dpi). tw ... | 2000 | 10627387 |
| acute-phase proteins and hematologic values in ovine lentivirus-infected lambs treated with recombinant ovine ifn-tau. | to evaluate changes in complete blood cell (cbc) counts, haptoglobin and fibrinogen in ovine lentivirus (ovlv)-infected lambs treated with recombinant ovine interferon-tau (rovifn-tau), 24 lambs were allocated to one of four groups (n = 6 per group): (1) virus + rovifn-tau, vi, (2) virus + placebo, vp, (3) no virus + rovifn-tau, nvi, and (4) no virus + placebo, nvp. three lambs in each group were treated once a day for 12 weeks, and the remaining 3 lambs were treated for 33 weeks. blood was coll ... | 2000 | 10670651 |
| identification of porcine circovirus in tissues of pigs with porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome. | thirty-three pigs affected by porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, 30 from spain and three from the usa, were investigated in order to detect porcine circovirus (pcv) in their tissues. a standard in situ hybridisation technique using a specific dna 317-bp probe based on a well-conserved sequence of pcv (which recognises both pcv-1 and pcv-2) was applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. twenty-eight of the 30 spanish pigs and all three american pigs had pcv in at least one ti ... | 2000 | 10678809 |
| pcr detection and characterization of type-2 porcine circovirus. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed for detecting porcine circovirus (pcv). the assay readily detected type-2 pcv (pcv-2) and type-1 pcv (pcv-1). the pcr primers were designed based on dna sequences conserved in all reported pcv genomes. type 1 pcv and type 2 pcv both produced 438 bp amplification products, which were easily identified and differentiated from one another by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. porcine circovirus was detected in 55% (931/169 ... | 2000 | 10680656 |
| porcine circoviruses: a review. | porcine circoviruses (pcv) are small nonenveloped dna viruses containing a unique single-stranded circular genome. previously, no recognized link was found between pcv infection of pigs and disease, and pcv was considered a nonpathogenic agent. over the last 5 years, a "novel" pcv, designated pcv2, has been associated with various disease syndromes in pigs, primarily postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). pigs with pmws have a variety of clinical signs, including debility, dyspnea, p ... | 2000 | 10690769 |
| coinfection by porcine circoviruses and porcine parvovirus in pigs with naturally acquired postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) is an emerging disease in swine. recently, the disease has been reproduced with inocula containing a newly described porcine circovirus (pcv), designated pcv 2, and porcine parvovirus (ppv). in order to determine if these viruses interact in naturally acquired pmws, affected tissues from field cases were examined by immunohistochemistry (ihc) and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for pcv 2 and ppv, as well as by pcr for the other recognized porcine ... | 2000 | 10690771 |
| porcine postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in korean pig: detection of porcine circovirus 2 infection by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction. | this report describes the first diagnosis of porcine circovirus (pcv) infection in weaned pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in korea by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction. the most unique lesions were multifocal granulomatous inflammation affecting lymph nodes, liver, and spleen, characterized by infiltrates of epithelioid macrophages and multinucleated giant cells. circoviral antigen was detected in formalin-fixed sections and was usually present in large, rou ... | 2000 | 10730945 |
| a sequential study of experimental infection of pigs with porcine circovirus and porcine parvovirus: immunostaining of cryostat sections and virus isolation. | the sequential tissue distribution of virus was investigated using virus isolation and immunofluorescence tests in 1-day-old piglets inoculated with porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) and/or porcine parvovirus (ppv). enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes were seen in the pig inoculated with pcv2 alone and killed at 26 days post-inoculation (pi). one of the pigs inoculated with pcv2 and ppv and killed at 21 days pi had an enlarged liver. the pig killed at 26 days pi in this group had enlarged liver, kidneys a ... | 2000 | 10763376 |
| dengue hemorrhagic fever: clinical manifestations and management. | dengue virus infection may remain asymptomatic or manifest as nonspecific viral infection to life threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf)/dengue shock syndrome (dss). patients with dhf/dss have fever, hemorrhagic manifestations along with thrombocytopenia and hemoconcentration. thrombocytopenia and hemoconcentration are distinguishing features between dhf/dss and dengue fever (df). some patients with dengue fever may have significant bleed and mild thrombocytopenia but no hemoconcentration. t ... | 1999 | 10798041 |
| viral wasting syndrome of swine: experimental reproduction of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in gnotobiotic swine by coinfection with porcine circovirus 2 and porcine parvovirus. | one-day-old gnotobiotic piglets were inoculated intranasally with in vitro passaged porcine circovirus 1 (pcv-1), pcv-2, and porcine parvovirus (ppv) alone or in combination (pcv-1/pcv-2, pcv-1/ppv, and pcv-2/ppv). piglets were evaluated for 1) the development of porcine postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), 2) distribution of viral antigens by immunochemistry, and 3) viremia and the presence of viral dna in nasal and ocular secretions and feces. all single agent-infected piglets an ... | 2000 | 10810990 |
| differential recognition of orf2 protein from type 1 and type 2 porcine circoviruses and identification of immunorelevant epitopes. | two types of porcine circovirus (pcv) have been isolated and are referred to as pcv1 and pcv2. pcv1 represents an apathogenic virus, whereas pcv2 is associated with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. the two pcvs are related, since they display about 70% identity based on nucleotide sequences. in order to discriminate between common and type-specific antigens, an immunocytological approach was used following transfections with cloned circovirus dnas, as well as recombinant proteins exp ... | 2000 | 10859388 |
| development of probes to differentiate porcine circovirus types 1 and 2 in vitro by in situ hybridization. | porcine circovirus type 1 (pcv1), a pk-15 cell line contaminant, and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), associated with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), are genetically and antigenically related. several techniques have been developed to detect pcv, including in situ hybridization (ish). previously reported probes used for ish may hybridize with both pcv1 and pcv2 nucleic acids. we attempted to produce probes for ish that can detect and differentiate pcv2 from pcv1 in pcv-infec ... | 2000 | 10865154 |
| pdns, pmws and porcine circovirus type 2 in scotland. porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome. post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | | 2000 | 10872790 |
| genetic characterization of type 2 porcine circovirus (pcv-2) from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in different geographic regions of north america and development of a differential pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay to detect and differentiate between infections with pcv-1 and pcv-2. | postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) is an emerging disease in swine. increasing evidence indicates that a variant strain of porcine circovirus (pcv), designated type 2 pcv (pcv-2), is responsible for pmws. to determine the extent of genetic heterogeneity of pcv-2 isolates, the complete genomes of six pcv-2 isolates from different regions of north america were amplified by pcr and sequenced. sequence and phylogenetic analyses confirmed that two distinct genotypes of pcv exist: nonpa ... | 2000 | 10878032 |
| characterization of immune response of young pigs to porcine circovirus type 2 infection. | a longitudinal study was conducted to characterize the immune response of young swine to infection with porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2). five 8-week-old cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pigs were inoculated intranasally and intramuscularly with a field isolate of pcv-2 at a concentration of 10(4) tcid50/ml. along with monitoring for clinical signs and viremia, serum samples were collected from all pigs at day 0 and thereafter every 7 days postinoculation (pi) until the termination of the s ... | 2000 | 10892995 |
| absence of evidence for porcine circovirus type 2 in cattle and humans, and lack of seroconversion or lesions in experimentally infected sheep. | no antibodies to porcine circovirus type 2 were detected in sera from cattle, sheep and humans. experimental infection of lambs with this virus failed to produce lesions or seroconversion. | 2000 | 10893163 |
| evidence of porcine circovirus infection in pigs with wasting disease syndrome from 1985 to 1999 in hokkaido, japan. | an epizootiological survey with histopathological methods was conducted for porcine circovirus in 220 diseased pigs (1-200 days old) in 49 farms from 1985 to 1999. histopathological lesions containing pcv antigen were detected mainly in the lymphoid tissues from 42 of 189 diseased pigs (22.2%) in 4 of 45 farms (8.9%) from 1990 to 1999. the rate of positive pigs gradually increased from 1997 onward and pcv infection was found in 50% of diseased pigs in 1999. histopathologically, the lesions in th ... | 2000 | 10907690 |
| serum antibodies to porcine circovirus type 1 and type 2 in pigs with and without pmws. | | 2000 | 10909911 |
| retrospective serological survey of antibodies to porcine circovirus type 1 and type 2. | a retrospective serological survey was performed to determine the presence of antibodies to porcine circovirus type 1 (pcv1) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) in serum samples collected from sows at slaughterhouses in canada in 1985, 1989, and 1997. each serum sample was tested by indirect immunofluorescence on pcv-free pk15 cells, on pcv1-infected pk15 cells and on pcv2-infected pk15 cells. for the 3 years studied, sera positive to pcv1 and pcv2 were identified and the number of sera positiv ... | 2000 | 10935885 |
| open reading frame 2 of porcine circovirus type 2 encodes a major capsid protein. | porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2), a single-stranded dna virus associated with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome of swine, has two potential open reading frames, orf1 and orf2, greater than 600 nucleotides in length. orf1 is predicted to encode a replication-associated protein (rep) essential for replication of viral dna, while orf2 contains a conserved basic amino acid sequence at the n terminus resembling that of the major structural protein of chicken anaemia virus. thus far, the structur ... | 2000 | 10950986 |