| chlorsulfuron resistant transgenic tobacco as a tool for broomrape control. | broomrape (orobanche ramosa l.) is the most important parasitic plant that infests tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.). chemical treatment of the soil is not effective and crop rotation is not acceptable to solve this problem because of the long viability period of orobanche seeds in the soil. application of systemic herbicides in the field with herbicide resistant tobacco could be a successful tool for broomrape control. several tobacco cultivars were transformed with a mutant ahas3r gene for resist ... | 2005 | 16145835 |
| iaa production during germination of orobanche spp. seeds. | broomrapes (orobanche spp.) are parasitic plants, whose growth and development fully depend on the nutritional connection established between the parasite and the roots of the respective host plant. phytohormones are known to play a role in establishing the specific orobanche-host plant interaction. the first step in the interaction is seed germination triggered by a germination stimulant secreted by the host-plant roots. we quantified indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and abscisic acid (aba) during th ... | 2004 | 15310074 |
| [potential role of winter rape weeds in the extension of broomrape in poitou-charentes]. | in the poitou-charentes district, among the 82 species of winter rape weeds identified, 22 displayed a strong affinity for this crop (brassica napus l.). in fields, 50% of these weeds were parasitized by orobanche ramosa, playing the role of host plants. greenhouse co-cultures (weed/orobanche ramosa) showed that weeds non-parasitized in fields could be attacked by broomrape, developing a more or less complete cycle. in vitro co-cultures (weed/orobanche ramosa) revealed that root exudates of non- ... | 2003 | 14556384 |
| 2'-o-acetylpoliumoside: a new phenylpropanoid glycoside from orobanche ramosa. | a new phenylpropanoid glycoside, 2'-o-acetylpoliumoside, as well as two known compounds--acteoside and 2'-o-acetylacteoside--have been isolated from the aerial parts of orobanche ramosa. the structures have been elucidated by spectroscopic methods and supported by chemical evidences. | 1991 | 1798805 |
| Role of the sucrose synthase encoding PrSus1 gene in the development of the parasitic plant Phelipanche ramosa L. (Pomel). | Phelipanche ramosa L. (Pomel) is a major root-parasitic weed attacking many important crops. Success in controlling this parasite is rare and a better understanding of its unique biology is needed to develop new specific control strategies. In the present study, qPCR experiments showed that sucrose-synthase encoding PrSus1 transcripts accumulate at their highest level once the parasite is connected to the host (tomato) vascular system, mainly in the parasite tubercles which bear numerous adventi ... | 2011 | 22088196 |
| invertases involved in the development of the parasitic plant phelipanche ramosa: characterization of the dominant soluble acid isoform, prsai1. | phelipanche ramosa l. parasitizes major crops, acting as a competitive sink for host photoassimilates, especially sucrose. an understanding of the mechanisms of sucrose utilization in parasites is an important step in the development of new control methods. therefore, in this study, we characterized the invertase gene family in p. ramosa and analysed its involvement in plant development. invertase-encoded cdnas were isolated using degenerate primers corresponding to highly conserved regions of i ... | 2011 | 21726369 |
| aromatic a-ring analogues of orobanchol, new germination stimulants for seeds of parasitic weeds. | strigolactones are signaling compounds in plants of increasing importance. in this paper the focus is on their activity as germinating agents for seeds of parasitic weeds. the syntheses of aromatic a-ring analogues of the germination stimulant orobanchol have been described. starting substrate is the abc unit of the stimulant gr24. oxidation at the c-4 position gives a 4-oxo derivative which on subsequent reduction produces two c-4 epimeric alcohols, syn and anti in a ratio of 82 : 3. for practi ... | 2011 | 21321762 |
| trafficking of the potato spindle tuber viroid between tomato and orobanche ramosa. | viroids, small rna pathogens capable of infecting flowering plants, coexist in the field with parasitic plants that infest many crops. the ability of viroids to be exchanged between host and parasitic plants and spread in the latter has not yet been investigated. we studied the interaction between the potato spindle tuber viroid (pstvd) and branched bromrape (orobanche ramosa) using the tomato, solanum lycopersicon, as a common host. we report the long distance trafficking of pstvd rna via the p ... | 2010 | 20110096 |
| slccd7 controls strigolactone biosynthesis, shoot branching and mycorrhiza-induced apocarotenoid formation in tomato. | the regulation of shoot branching is an essential determinant of plant architecture, integrating multiple external and internal signals. one of the signaling pathways regulating branching involves the max (more axillary branches) genes. two of the genes within this pathway, max3/ccd7 and max4/ccd8, encode carotenoid cleavage enzymes involved in generating a branch-inhibiting hormone, recently identified as strigolactone. here, we report the cloning of slccd7 from tomato. as in other species, slc ... | 2010 | 19845881 |
| a diffusible signal from germinating orobanche ramosa elicits early defense responses in suspension-cultured arabidopsis thaliana. | in plant/parasitic plant interaction, little is known about the host plant response before the establishment of the parasite within the host. in the present work, we focused on host responses to parasitic plant, o. ramosa in the early stage of infection. we used a co-culture system of a. thaliana suspension cells and o. ramosa germinated-seeds to avoid parasite attachment. we showed that o. ramosa induced h(2)o(2) generation and camalexin synthesis by a. thaliana followed by a drastic increase i ... | 2008 | 19513214 |
| natural metabolites for parasitic weed management. | compounds of natural origin, such as phytotoxins produced by fungi or natural amino acids, could be used in parasitic weed management strategies by interfering with the early growth stages of the parasites. these metabolites could inhibit seed germination or germ tube elongation, so preventing attachment to the host plant, or, conversely, stimulate seed germination in the absence of the host, contributing to a reduction in the parasite seed bank. some of the fungal metabolites assayed were very ... | 2009 | 19266492 |
| structure and function of natural and synthetic signalling molecules in parasitic weed germination. | the structures of naturally occurring germination stimulants for seeds of the parasitic weeds striga spp. and orobanche spp. are described. the bioactiphore in this strigolactone family of stimulants is deduced from a structure-activity relationship and shown to reside in the cd part of the stimulant molecule. a molecular mechanism for the initial stages of seed germination is proposed. the influence of stereochemistry on the stimulant activity is significant. combining this molecular informatio ... | 2009 | 19222046 |
| defense gene expression analysis of arabidopsis thaliana parasitized by orobanche ramosa. | abstract the infection of arabidopsis thaliana roots with the obligate parasite orobanche ramosa represents a useful model for a study of the molecular events involved in the host plant response to a parasitic plant attack. to avoid analysis problems due to the subterranean development of o. ramosa, we developed two in vitro co-culture systems: o. ramosa seedlings infesting arabidopsis plantlet roots and callus tissues. we were then able to investigate the expression patterns of some host plant ... | 2003 | 18944360 |
| granular formulation of fusarium oxysporum for biological control of faba bean and tomato orobanche. | orobanche spp. represent a serious threat to a wide range of crops. they are difficult targets for herbicides, and biological control could provide a possible solution. this work therefore aimed to formulate mycoherbicides of fusarium with adequate shelf life and virulence against orobanche but safe to faba bean and tomato. | 2008 | 18636425 |
| selection of housekeeping genes for normalization by real-time rt-pcr: analysis of or-myb1 gene expression in orobanche ramosa development. | real-time pcr has become the method of choice for accurate and in-depth expression studies of candidate genes. to avoid bias, real-time pcr is referred to one or several internal control genes that should not fluctuate among treatments. a need for reference genes in the parasitic plant orobanche ramosa has emerged, and the studies in this area have not yet been evaluated. in this study, the genes 18s rrna, or-act1, or-tub1, and or-ubq1 were compared in terms of expression stability using the bes ... | 2008 | 18503743 |
| tomato strigolactones are derived from carotenoids and their biosynthesis is promoted by phosphate starvation. | * strigolactones are rhizosphere signalling compounds that mediate host location in arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi and parasitic plants. here, the regulation of the biosynthesis of strigolactones is studied in tomato (solanum lycopersicum). * strigolactone production under phosphate starvation, in the presence of the carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor fluridone and in the abscisic acid (aba) mutant notabilis were assessed using a germination bioassay with seeds of orobanche ramosa; a hyphal br ... | 2008 | 18346111 |
| a putative role for fusaric acid in biocontrol of the parasitic angiosperm orobanche ramosa. | fusarium spp. are ubiquitous fungi found in soil worldwide as both pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains. the signals leading to disease or the absence of disease are poorly understood. we recently showed that fusaric acid (fa), a nonspecific toxin produced by most fusarium spp., could elicit various plant defense responses at 100 nm without toxic effect. in this study, we checked for the effect of fa on root and root hairs, probable first site of contact between the fungi and the host. large fa ... | 2006 | 16673942 |
| a peroxidase gene expressed during early developmental stages of the parasitic plant orobanche ramosa. | broomrapes (orobanche spp.) are holoparasitic weeds that cause devastating losses in many economically important crops. the molecular mechanisms that control the early stages of host infection in orobanche are poorly understood. in the present study, the role of peroxidase has been examined during pre-infection growth and development of o. ramosa, using an in vitro model system. peroxidase activity was histochemically localized at the tips of actively growing radicles and nascent attachment orga ... | 2006 | 16330525 |
| stimulation of orobanche ramosa seed germination by fusicoccin derivatives: a structure-activity relationship study. | a structure-activity relationship study was conducted assaying 25 natural analogues and derivatives of fusicoccin (fc), and cotylenol, the aglycone of cotylenins, for their ability to stimulate the seed germination of the parasitic species orobanche ramosa. some of the compounds tested proved to be highly active, being 8,9-isopropylidene of the corresponding fc aglycone and the dideacetyl derivative the most active fc derivatives. in both groups of glucosides and aglycones (including cotylenol), ... | 2006 | 16310229 |
| an improved axenic system for studying pre-infection development of the parasitic plant orobanche ramosa. | broomrapes (orobanche spp.) are holoparasitic weeds that cause devastating losses in many economically important crops. the molecular mechanisms that control early stages of host infection in orobanche are poorly understood, partly due to the lack of experimentally tractable in vitro systems that allow the efficient application of molecular tools. here an improved axenic system for the analysis of pre-infection stages in o. ramosa in the absence of the host plant is described. | 2005 | 16157629 |
| metabolites inhibiting germination of orobanche ramosa seeds produced by myrothecium verrucaria and fusarium compactum. | myrothecium verrucaria and fusarium compactum were isolated from diseased orobanche ramosa plants collected in southern italy to find potential biocontrol agents of this parasitic weed. both fungi grown in liquid culture produced metabolites that inhibited the germination of o. ramosa seeds at 1-10 mum. eight metabolites were isolated from m. verrucaria culture extracts. the main metabolite was identified as verrucarin e, a disubstituted pyrrole not belonging to the trichothecene group. seven co ... | 2005 | 15740046 |
| isolation of mannose 6-phosphate reductase cdna, changes in enzyme activity and mannitol content in broomrape (orobanche ramosa) parasitic on tomato roots. | we are interested in developing a control strategy efficient at the early stages of subterranean development of orobanche in the inhibition of mannose 6-phosphate reductase (m6pr, ec 1.1.1.224), the key enzyme of mannitol production in the parasite. we examined m6pr gene expression during pre-conditioning, germination, procaulome growth, underground shoot development and emergence of orobanche ramosa l. attached to tomato roots, the enzyme activity at each of the above stages and the level of st ... | 2002 | 12010466 |