| effects of endophytic fusarium oxysporum towards radopholus similis activity in absence of banana. | four endophytic fungi (fusarium spp.) isolated from the cortical tissue of surface-sterilised banana as well as from tomato roots were tested for their capacity of biological control towards the burrowing nematode radopholus similis on banana. the pathogenic and parasitic capacities of endophytic fungi towards r. similis were tested in in vitro experiments. no parasitism of fungi on r. similis was observed. however, nematode activity decreased significantly in the presence of all endophytic fung ... | 2004 | 15759438 |
| screenhouse and field persistence of nonpathogenic endophytic fusarium oxysporum in musa tissue culture plants. | two major biotic constraints to highland cooking banana (musa spp., genome group aaa-ea) production in uganda are the banana weevil cosmopolites sordidus and the burrowing nematode radopholus similis. endophytic fusarium oxysporum strains inoculated into tissue culture banana plantlets have shown control of the banana weevil and the nematode. we conducted screenhouse and field experiments to investigate persistence in the roots and rhizome of two endophytic fusarium oxysporum strains, v2w2 and i ... | 2008 | 18058162 |
| effect of endophytic fusarium oxysporum on host preference of radopholus similis to tissue culture banana plants. | the burrowing nematode radopholus similis is one of the major constraints to banana (musa spp.) production worldwide. resource-poor farmers can potentially manage r. similis by using naturally occurring banana endophytes, such as nonpathogenic fusarium oxysporum, that are inoculated into tissue culture banana plantlets. at present, it is unclear at what stage in the r. similis infection process the endophytes are most effective. in this study, the effect of three endophytic f. oxysporum isolates ... | 2006 | 19259463 |
| sterile culture of rotylenchulus reniformis on tomato root with gellan gum as a supporting medium. | rotylenchulus reniformis was repeatedly propagated in sterile excised tomato roots growing on modified white's medium with gellan gum as the support. gellan gum provided an optically clear support medium that could be liquified by adding 5 mm disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (edta) to facilitate nematode extraction. liquefaction of the gellan-gum medium by edta allowed efficient recovery of eggs and vermiform stages of r. reniformis. extraction efficiency was quantified with radopholus simil ... | 1991 | 19283117 |
| an endosymbiotic bacterium in a plant-parasitic nematode: member of a new wolbachia supergroup. | wolbachia is an endosymbiotic bacterium widely present in arthropods and animal-parasitic nematodes. despite previous efforts, it has never been identified in plant-parasitic nematodes. random sequencing of genes expressed by the burrowing nematode radopholus similis resulted in several sequences with similarity to wolbachia genes. the presence of a wolbachia-like endosymbiont in this plant-parasitic nematode was investigated using both morphological and molecular approaches. transmission electr ... | 2009 | 19504759 |
| shifts in banana root exudate profiles after colonization with the non-pathogenic fusarium oxysporum strain fo162. | the non-pathogenic fungus fusorium oxysporum strain fo162 can efficiently colonize banana roots and reduce infecting by the burrowing nematode radopholus similis. it is assumed that the fungus triggers a systemic reaction in the plant, which is affecting the biochemical composition of the root exudates and is thus causing the reduction in nematode colonization. to characterize these shifts, a continuous flow experiment was set up to collect root metabolites on a matrix (xad-4). based on hplc ana ... | 2009 | 20222617 |
| a nematode calreticulin, rs-crt, is a key effector in reproduction and pathogenicity of radopholus similis. | radopholus similis is a migratory plant-parasitic nematode that causes severe damage to many agricultural and horticultural crops. calreticulin (crt) is a ca2+-binding multifunctional protein that plays key roles in the parasitism, immune evasion, reproduction and pathogenesis of many animal parasites and plant nematodes. therefore, crt is a promising target for controlling r. similis. in this study, we obtained the full-length sequence of the crt gene from r. similis (rs-crt), which is 1,527-bp ... | 2015 | 26061142 |
| field resistance of transgenic plantain to nematodes has potential for future african food security. | plant parasitic nematodes impose losses of up to 70% on plantains and cooking bananas in africa. application of nematicides is inappropriate and resistant cultivars are unavailable. where grown, demand for plantain is more than for other staple crops. confined field testing demonstrated that transgenic expression of a biosafe, anti-feedant cysteine proteinase inhibitor and an anti-root invasion, non-lethal synthetic peptide confers resistance to plantain against the key nematode pests radopholus ... | 2015 | 25634654 |
| evaluation of predation abilities of blattisocius dolichus (acari: blattisociidae) on a plant-parasitic nematode, radopholus similis (tylenchida: pratylenchidae). | predation and predatory behavior of blattisocius dolichus on radopholus similis were tested both in experimental arenas and on potted plants. predation occurred in all active stages of b. dolichus. blattisocius dolichus preferred live r. similis when offered together with caneorhabditis elegans and dead r. similis in a choice test. consumption rate was affected by temperature, prey density and duration of starvation. maximum consumption rates were observed at 25 °c, for both adult males and fema ... | 2012 | 23269565 |
| quantitative digital imaging of banana growth suppression by plant parasitic nematodes. | a digital camera fitted with a hemispherical lens was used to generate canopy leaf area index (lai) values for a banana (musa spp.) field trial with the aim of establishing a method for monitoring stresses on tall crop plants. the trial in uganda consisted of two cultivars susceptible to nematodes, a plantain, gonja manjaya and an east african highland banana, mbwazirume, plus a nematode resistant dessert banana, yangambi km5. a comparative approach included adding a mixed population of radophol ... | 2012 | 23285286 |
| the mitochondrial genome of the soybean cyst nematode, heterodera glycines. | we sequenced the entire coding region of the mitochondrial genome of heterodera glycines. the sequence obtained comprised 14.9 kb, with pcr evidence indicating that the entire genome comprised a single, circular molecule of approximately 21-22 kb. the genome is the most t-rich nematode mitochondrial genome reported to date, with t representing over half of all nucleotides on the coding strand. the genome also contains the highest number of poly(t) tracts so far reported (to our knowledge), with ... | 2011 | 21745140 |
| comparative influence of radopholus similis and pratylenchus coffeae on citrus. | pratylenchus coffeae was as pathogenic as radopholus sirnilis to commercial citrus rootstocks. no rootstock resistant to r. similis was resistant to p. coffeae. both nematodes stunted citrus in three soil types. seedling damage by p. coffeae and r. similis was greatest in fine- and coarse-textured soils, respectively. reproduction and survival on citrus were greater for p. coffeae than for r. similis. mixed inoculations with r. similis and p. coffeae resulted in lower populations of each species ... | 1976 | 19308198 |
| rearing migratory endoparasitic nematodes in citrus callus and roots produced from citrus leaves. | radopholus similis and pratylenchus coffeae were reared on callus and roots developed from citrus leaves. callus formed best when leaf petioles were immersed in astatula fine sand and the leaves were sprayed daily with 4 ppm 2,4-d solution and maintained at 25 or 30 c. the nematodes completed one generation in 20 days at 25 c. highest populations of r. similis (1,127) occurred after 50 days, and the highest for p. coffeae (619) after 70 days. leaf-callus cultures from r. similis-resistant citrus ... | 1975 | 19308168 |
| worldwide dissemination of radopholus similis and its importance in crop production. | the burrowing nematode, radopholus similis, attacks agronomic and horticultural crops and many weeds, and is reported to reproduce on more than 250 plant species. two races of r. similis are recognized. although one race attacks citrus and the other race does not, they are morphologically similar. at present, the citrus race is found attacking citrus only in florida, u.s.a., but it is known to infect more than 250 species and varieties of noncitrus plants. although it has many hosts, r. similis ... | 1977 | 19305565 |
| influence of metalaxyl on three nematodes of citrus. | metalaxyl significantly reduced population of pratylenchus coffeae, radopholus similis, and tylenchulus semipenetrans in roots of citrus limon (rough lemon) under greenhouse conditions. postinoculation treatment of rough lemon seedlings was not as effective i n reducing nematode populations as was treatment before inoculation. fewer nematodes infected metalaxyl-treated roots than nontreated roots. however, incubation of nematodes in metalaxyl did not inhibit nematode motility or their ability to ... | 1983 | 19295833 |
| characterization of a new burrowing nematode population, radopholus citrophilus, from hawaii. | karyotype, host preference, isozyzme patterns, morphometrics, and mating behavior of two burrowing nematode populations from hawaii, one infecting anthurium sp. and the second infecting musa sp., were compared with radopholus similis and r. citrophilus populations from florida. the population from anthurium sp. had five chromosomes (n = 5), and that from musa sp. had four (n = 4). neither of the hawaiian nematode populations persisted in roots of citrus limon or c. aurantium. anthurium clarineri ... | 1986 | 19294139 |
| nematode problems affecting agriculture in the philippines. | nematodes are considered major pests on most economic crops in the philippines, particularly on banana, pineapple, citrus, tomato, ramie, and sugarcane. radopholus similis is the most destructive nematode on banana, while meloidogyne spp. are more serious on various vegetable crops such as tomato, okra, and celery and on fiber crops such as ramie. tylenchulus semipenetrans is a problem on citrus and rotylenchulus reniformis on pineapple and some legume crops. hirschmanniella oryzae and aphelench ... | 1988 | 19290204 |
| population densities of five migratory endoparasitic nematodes in carrot disk cultures. | numbers of nematodes recovered per culture varied greatly among five species cultured on carrot disks. radopholus similis and pratylenchus vulnus showed the highest population densities, with 23,400-fold and 16,600-fold increases, respectively, in 90 days. final populations of p. thornei and zygotytenchus guevarai were similar but lower than those of r. similis and p. vulnus. the population of p. neglectus increased 74 times. species with the greatest reproduction in this study reproduce sexuall ... | 1992 | 19283208 |
| response of meloidogyne spp., heterodera glycines, and radopholus similis to tannic acid. | tannins, which are water-soluble polyphenols, are toxic to numerous fungi, bacteria, and yeasts. our objectives were to study the efficacy of tannic acid in control of meloidogyne arenaria on tomato and its effects on the behavior of m. arenaria, m. incognita, heterodera glycines, and radopholus similis. three concentrations of tannic acid, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 g/500 cm(3) of soil, were applied preplant (powder) and at-plant (powder and drench) into soil infested with m. arenaria. tannic acid at the ... | 1997 | 19274278 |
| the zmrcp-1 promoter of maize provides root tip specific expression of transgenes in plantain. | bananas and plantains (musa spp.) provide 25 % of the food energy requirements for more than 100 million people in africa. plant parasitic nematodes cause severe losses to the crop due to lack of control options. the sterile nature of musa spp. hampers conventional breeding but makes the crop suitable for genetic engineering. a constitutively expressed synthetic peptide in transgenic plantain has provided resistance against nematodes. previous work with the peptide in potato plants indicates tha ... | 2016 | 27030819 |
| effect of conditioning treatments on the survival of radopholus similis at high temperatures. | heat treatments are an environmentally safe method for eliminating quarantine pests from tropical foliage. conditioning heat treatments can induce thermotolerance against subsequent and otherwise phytotoxic temperatures in tropical foliage, allowing heat treatments to be even more effective. however, if thermotolerance is also induced in nematodes of quarantine significance like radopholus similis, heat treatments would be rendered ineffective. a lethal thermal death point (lt(99.9)) was establi ... | 2005 | 19262868 |
| evolution of ghf5 endoglucanase gene structure in plant-parasitic nematodes: no evidence for an early domain shuffling event. | endo-1,4-beta-glucanases or cellulases from the glycosyl hydrolase family 5 (ghf5) have been found in numerous bacteria and fungi, and recently also in higher eukaryotes, particularly in plant-parasitic nematodes (ppn). the origin of these genes has been attributed to horizontal gene transfer from bacteria, although there still is a lot of uncertainty about the origin and structure of the ancestral ghf5 ppn endoglucanase. it is not clear whether this ancestral endoglucanase consisted of the whol ... | 2008 | 18980666 |
| amf-induced biocontrol against plant parasitic nematodes in musa sp.: a systemic effect. | although mycorrhizal colonization provides a bioprotectional effect against a broad range of soil-borne pathogens, including plant parasitic nematodes, the commercial use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) as biocontrol agents is still in its infancy. one of the main reasons is the poor understanding of the modes of action. most amf mode of action studies focused on amf-bacterial/fungal pathogens. only few studies so far examined amf-plant parasitic nematode interactions. therefore, the aim o ... | 2008 | 18392645 |
| exploring the transcriptome of the burrowing nematode radopholus similis. | radopholus similis is an important nematode pest on fruit crops in the tropics. unraveling the transcriptome of this migratory plant-parasitic nematode can provide insight in the parasitism process and lead to more efficient control measures. for the first high throughput molecular characterization of this devastating nematode, 5,853 expressed sequence tags from a mixed stage population were generated. adding 1,154 tags from the est division of genbank for subsequent analysis, resulted in a tota ... | 2008 | 18386064 |
| efficacy of paecilomyces lilacinus (strain 251) for the control of radopholus similis in banana. | paecilomyces lilacinus is a common soil fungus that has been isolated from many different habitats around the world. it is well known as a facultative egg pathogen of sedentary nematodes and also an important option to control radopholus similis juvenile and adults in banana. this nematode antagonistic fungus may be used in an integrated approach to control banana plant parasitic nematodes. dose response and form of application experiments were conducted with burrowing nematode, r. similis, on b ... | 2004 | 15759436 |
| prototype demonstration of transgenic resistance to the nematode radopholus similis conferred on banana by a cystatin. | cavendish banana was transformed using agrobacterium tumefaciens to express a protein engineered rice cystatin (ocideltad86) of value for control of plant parasitic nematodes. expression for each line was under control of a constitutive promoter from the maize ubiquitin gene (ubi-1), a constitutive, chimeric promoter from the octopine and mannopine synthase genes of a. tumefaciens or a promoter from a root-preferentially expressed tubulin gene arabidopsis (tub-1). lines were selected as of poten ... | 2004 | 15198201 |
| nematicidal effects of oxamyl applied to leaves of banana seedlings. | foliar applications of oxamyl prevented nematodes from invading roots of diploid bananas. one spray with 1,250 microg/ml was more effective than 1, 2, or 3 sprays with 625 microg/ml applied at 5-day intervals. after 3 sprays with 1,250 microg/ml, invasion may be prevented for up to 4 weeks and possibly longer. washing roots after oxamyl treatments prevented nematicidal control. when applied to nematode-infected plants, three sprays of oxamyl decreased nematode populations in the roots. | 1977 | 19305584 |
| generation of transgenic plantain (musa spp.) with resistance to plant pathogenic nematodes. | plant parasitic nematodes impose a severe constraint on plantain and banana productivity; however, the sterile nature of many cultivars precludes conventional breeding for resistance. transgenic plantain cv. gonja manjaya (musa aab) plants, expressing a maize cystatin that inhibits nematode digestive cysteine proteinases and a synthetic peptide that disrupts nematode chemoreception, were assessed for their ability to resist nematode infection. lines were generated that expressed each gene singly ... | 2012 | 22435592 |
| histochemical and cytochemical investigations of phenols in roots of banana infected by the burrowing nematode radopholus similis. | abstract the burrowing nematode radopholus similis is one of the most damaging pathogens on banana plantations. the role of phenolics in plant defense responses to the nematode was histochemically and ultrastructurally investigated in susceptible and partially resistant cultivars. histochemical observations of healthy roots revealed that high levels of lignin, flavonoids, dopamine, cafeic esters, and ferulic acids were associated with a very low rate of nematode root penetration in the resistant ... | 1998 | 18944846 |
| isolation of whole esophageal gland cells from plant-parasitic nematodes for transcriptome analyses and effector identification. | esophageal glands of plant-parasitic nematodes are highly specialized cells whose gene expression products include secreted effector proteins, which govern nematode parasitism of host plants. therefore, elucidating the transcriptomes of esophageal glands with the goal of identifying nematode effectors is a promising avenue to understanding nematode parasitism and its evolutionary origins as well as to devising nematode control strategies. we have developed a method to separate and isolate indivi ... | 2013 | 22876962 |
| characterization of three novel fatty acid- and retinoid-binding protein genes (ha-far-1, ha-far-2 and hf-far-1) from the cereal cyst nematodes heterodera avenae and h. filipjevi. | heterodera avenae and h. filipjevi are major parasites of wheat, reducing production worldwide. both are sedentary endoparasitic nematodes, and their development and parasitism depend strongly on nutrients obtained from hosts. secreted fatty acid- and retinol-binding (far) proteins are nematode-specific lipid carrier proteins used for nutrient acquisition as well as suppression of plant defenses. in this study, we obtained three novel far genes ha-far-1 (ku877266), ha-far-2 (ku877267), hf-far-1 ... | 2016 | 27479008 |
| genetic analysis of plant endophytic pseudomonas putida bp25 and chemo-profiling of its antimicrobial volatile organic compounds. | black pepper associated bacterium bp25 was isolated from root endosphere of apparently healthy cultivar panniyur-5 that protected black pepper against phytophthora capsici and radopholus similis - the major production constraints. the bacterium was characterized and mechanisms of its antagonistic action against major pathogens are elucidated. the polyphasic phenotypic analysis revealed its identity as pseudomonas putida. multi locus sequence typing revealed that the bacterium shared gene sequenc ... | 2015 | 25801973 |
| top 10 plant-parasitic nematodes in molecular plant pathology. | the aim of this review was to undertake a survey of researchers working with plant-parasitic nematodes in order to determine a 'top 10' list of these pathogens based on scientific and economic importance. any such list will not be definitive as economic importance will vary depending on the region of the world in which a researcher is based. however, care was taken to include researchers from as many parts of the world as possible when carrying out the survey. the top 10 list emerging from the s ... | 2013 | 23809086 |
| intraspecific variation in radopholus similis isolates assessed with restriction fragment length polymorphism and dna sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal rna cistron. | restriction fragment length polymorphism and direct sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer rdna region of 19 isolates of radopholus similis yielded significant diversity, both among isolates and within some individuals. restriction fragment length polymorphism with haeiii, alui and tru9i yielded two sets of patterns. digestion with rsai revealed one or two supernumerary bands in single nematodes from five isolates, and sequencing confirmed microheterogeneity in four of these. phylogenetic ... | 2002 | 11812497 |
| palaeosymbiosis revealed by genomic fossils of wolbachia in a strongyloidean nematode. | wolbachia are common endosymbionts of terrestrial arthropods, and are also found in nematodes: the animal-parasitic filaria, and the plant-parasite radopholus similis. lateral transfer of wolbachia dna to the host genome is common. we generated a draft genome sequence for the strongyloidean nematode parasite dictyocaulus viviparus, the cattle lungworm. in the assembly, we identified nearly 1 mb of sequence with similarity to wolbachia. the fragments were unlikely to derive from a live wolbachia ... | 2014 | 24901418 |
| investigations into the biochemical basis for nematode resistance in roots of three musa cultivars in response to radopholus similis infection. | the musa cultivars, dwarf cavendish, yangambi km5 and kunnan, exhibit considerable differences in resistance to radopholus similis. infection resulted in significant increases in condensed tannins and flavan-3,4-diols in roots (p < 0.001). the highly resistant cultivar kunnan had the highest levels of condensed tannins before and after infection. the preinfection levels were similar to the postinfection levels of the two other cultivars. tannins had mostly procyanidin character, but kunnan also ... | 2000 | 11087475 |
| phylogenetic analysis of geographically diverse radopholus similis via rdna sequence reveals a monomorphic motif. | the nucleic acid sequences of rdna its1 and the rdna d2/d3 expansion segment were compared for 57 burrowing nematode isolates collected from australia, cameroon, central america, cuba, dominican republic, florida, guadeloupe, hawaii, nigeria, honduras, indonesia, ivory coast, puerto rico, south africa, and uganda. of the 57 isolates, 55 were morphologically similar to radopholus similis and seven were citrus-parasitic. the nucleic acid sequences for pcr-amplified its1 and for the d2/d3 expansion ... | 2000 | 19270959 |
| the cathepsin s cysteine proteinase of the burrowing nematode radopholus similis is essential for the reproduction and invasion. | the nematode radopholus similis is an important migratory endoparasite of plants. cysteine proteinases such as cathepsin s (cps) play key roles during embryonic development, invasion, and pathogenesis in nematodes and many other animal parasites. this study was designed to investigate the molecular characterization and functions of a cathepsin s protease in r. similis and to find new targets for its control. | 2016 | 27293544 |
| phylogenetic analysis of nematodes of the genus pratylenchus using nuclear 26s rdna. | we used nucleotide sequences of the large subunit ribosomal genes (26s rdna) to examine evolutionary relationships among species of the genus pratylenchus (order: tylenchida, family: pratylenchidae), commonly known as root-lesion nematodes. ten species of pratylenchus were studied including, p. penetrans, p. crenatus, p. minyus, p. vulnus, p. thornei, p. musicola, p. coffeae, p. hexincisus, p. scribneri, and p. brachyurus. the species hirschmanniella belli, meloidogyne javanica, heterorhabditis ... | 1997 | 9007024 |
| characterization of a putative endoxylanase in the migratory plant-parasitic nematode radopholus similis. | plant-parasitic nematodes have developed an arsenal of enzymes to degrade the rigid plant cell wall. in this article, we report the presence of a putative endoxylanase in the migratory endoparasitic nematode radopholus similis. this enzyme is thought to facilitate the migration of the nematode, as it breaks down xylan, the major component of hemicellulose. the corresponding gene (rs-xyl1) was cloned and the sequence revealed three small introns. interestingly, the position of all three introns w ... | 2009 | 19400841 |
| potential of foliar, dip, and injection applications of avermectins for control of plant-parasitic nematodes. | studies were conducted to determine the potential of two avermectin compounds, abamectin and emamectin benzoate, for controlling plant-parasitic nematodes when applied by three methods: foliar spray, root dip, and pseudostem injection. experiments were conducted against meloidogyne incognita on tomato, m. javanica on banana, and radopholus similis on banana. foliar applications of both avermectins to banana and tomato were not effective for controlling any of the nematodes evaluated. root dips o ... | 1998 | 19274200 |
| biochemical identification of the two races of radopholus similis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | analysis of proteins of the banana and citrus race of radopholus similis was carried out by several different types of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. these included standard slab gel, sds slab gel, gradient slab gel, and two-ditnensional slab gel electrophoresis. a major band difference was detected between the two races by slab gel electrophoresis. however, several other poorly resolved but consistent hands of high molecular weight proteins near the gel origin also were considered as diagn ... | 1983 | 19295815 |
| biochemical identification of the two races of radopholus similis by starch gel electrophoresis. | analysis of genetic variation between the banana and the citrus races of radopholus similis by starch gel eleclrophoresis demonstrated that 7 of 16 enzyme-encoding loci could be used for their diagnostic separation. the two races are closely related arid share approximately 75% of the enzymes evaluated. the level of dissimilarities o1 inherited bands indicates that no gene flow occurs between the races. aldolase, alpha + beta esterase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, ... | 1983 | 19295814 |
| comparison of two sympatric pasteuria populations isolated from a tropical vertisol soil. | an isolate of pasteuria (designated ppmj) recovered from the root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica, was characterized using host preference, spore morphometrics, and serology, and compared with another sympatric pasteuria isolate (designated pphc) collected from the cyst nematode, heterodera cajani. ppmj spores were larger (x 1.5) than the pphc spores and had a mean diameter of 3.4 μm after fixation for electron microscopy. the central body of ppmj spores was about twice as big as the central ... | 1996 | 24415311 |
| molecular identification and functional characterization of the fatty acid- and retinoid-binding protein gene rs-far-1 in the burrowing nematode radopholus similis (tylenchida: pratylenchidae). | fatty acid- and retinoid-binding protein (far) is a nematode-specific protein expressed in the nematode hypodermis. it is involved in nematode development, reproduction, and infection and can disrupt the plant defense reaction. in this study, we obtained the full-length sequence of the far gene from radopholus similis (rs-far-1), which is 828 bp long and includes a 558 bp orf encoding 186 amino acids. a protein homology analysis revealed that rs-far-1 is 75% similar to mj-far-1 from meloidogyne ... | 2015 | 25734501 |
| the response of citrus limon seedlings to a symbiont, glomus etunicatus, and a pathogen, radopholus similis. | the influences of a vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (glomus etunicatus) and burrowing nematode (radophohts similis), alone and in combination, on the growth of rough lemon (citrus limon) seedlings were studied in the greenhouse. growth of mycorrhizal seedlings was significantly greater than that of nonmycorrhizal seedlings or seedlings inoculated with r. sindlis. mycorrhizal stimulation of seedling growth was inhibited by nematode infection. when seedlings were inoculated with g. etunicatus arid ... | 1979 | 19300646 |
| reaction of banana cultivars to the burrowing nematode (radopholus similis). | | 1978 | 19305869 |
| response of citrus seedlings to radopholus similis in two soils. | radopholus similis was less pathogenic to greenhouse-grown citrus seedlings in leon loamy sand than in lakeland fine sand. this was not affected by different watering regimes. seedling growth reduction by the burrowing nematode in either soil, compared with noninfected controls, was significant at the 1% level. | 1971 | 19322378 |
| nematicidal activity of microbial pigment from serratia marcescens. | ineffectiveness of available nematicides and the high damage caused by plant-parasitic nematodes result in the urgent need to find some natural remedy for their control. bioactivity of the pigment extracted from serratia marcescens was screened for controlling nematodes at their juvenile stage. test pigment was found effective against juvenile stages of radopholus similis and meloidogyne javanica at low concentrations (lc50 values, 83 and 79 μg/ml, respectively) as compared with positive control ... | 2014 | 24697144 |
| curative and residual efficacy of injection applications of avermectins for control of plant-parasitic nematodes on banana. | studies were conducted to determine the curative and residual efficacy of avermectins at controlling plant-parasitic nematodes when injected into the pseudostem of banana, musa acuminata cv. cavendish. in addition, we determined the lowest concentration of avermectins that provided satisfactory efficacy as protectants when injected into banana pseudostems. experiments were conducted with a root-knot nematode, meleidogyne javanica, and the burrowing nematode, radopholus similis. injections (1 ml) ... | 1997 | 19274271 |
| carrot callus tissue for culture of endoparasitic nematodes. | | 1987 | 19290160 |
| de novo analysis and functional classification of the transcriptome of the root lesion nematode, pratylenchus thornei, after 454 gs flx sequencing. | the migratory endoparasitic root lesion nematode pratylenchus thornei is a major pest of the cereals wheat and barley. in what we believe to be the first global transcriptome analysis for p. thornei, using roche gs flx sequencing, 787,275 reads were assembled into 34,312 contigs using two assembly programs, to yield 6,989 contigs common to both. these contigs were annotated, resulting in functional assignments for 3,048. specific transcripts studied in more detail included carbohydrate active en ... | 2012 | 22309969 |
| friend or foe: genetic and functional characterization of plant endophytic pseudomonas aeruginosa. | endophytic pseudomonas aeruginosa strain bp35 was originally isolated from black pepper grown in the rain forest in kerala, india. strain pabp35 was shown to provide significant protection to black pepper against infections by phytophthora capsici and radopholus similis. for registration and implementation in disease management programmes, several traits of pabp35 were investigated including its endophytic behaviour, biocontrol activity, phylogeny and toxicity to mammals. the results showed that ... | 2013 | 23171326 |
| cathepsin b cysteine proteinase is essential for the development and pathogenesis of the plant parasitic nematode radopholus similis. | radopholus similis is an important plant parasitic nematode which severely harms many crops. cathepsin b is present in a wide variety of organisms, and plays an important role in many parasites. understanding cathepsin b of r. similis would allow us to find new targets and approaches for its control. in this study, we found that rs-cb-1 mrna was expressed in esophageal glands, intestines and gonads of females, testes of males, juveniles and eggs in r. similis. rs-cb-1 expression was the highest ... | 2015 | 26221074 |
| phenalenone-type phytoalexins mediate resistance of banana plants (musa spp.) to the burrowing nematode radopholus similis. | the global yield of bananas-one of the most important food crops-is severely hampered by parasites, such as nematodes, which cause yield losses up to 75%. plant-nematode interactions of two banana cultivars differing in susceptibility to radopholus similis were investigated by combining the conventional and spatially resolved analytical techniques (1)h nmr spectroscopy, matrix-free uv-laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric imaging, and raman microspectroscopy. this innovative combination ... | 2014 | 24324151 |
| effects of rhizophagus irregularis mucl 41833 on the reproduction of radopholus similis in banana plantlets grown under in vitro culture conditions. | the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in the control of migratory endoparasitic nematodes is nowadays largely admitted. most studies were conducted under greenhouse conditions and a few used in vitro cultures with transgenic root organs. here, we reported, for the first time, on the interaction between an amf, rhizophagus irregularis mucl 41833 and radopholus similis in roots of banana plantlets grown under in vitro culture conditions. the banana plantlets were pre-mycorrhized in an ext ... | 2013 | 23111398 |
| factors associated with the suppressiveness of sugarcane soils to plant-parasitic nematodes. | observations in three australian sugarcane fields suggested that the soil just under the trash blanket (the covering of crop residue that remains on the soil surface after crops are harvested) was suppressive to plant-parasitic nematodes. roots were concentrated in this upper layer of soil but plant-parasitic nematode populations were relatively low and roots showed few signs of nematode damage. root biomass was much lower 15 cm further down the soil profile, where root health was poor and popul ... | 2011 | 23431051 |
| support for the 'out-of-southeast asia' hypothesis for the origin of australian populations of radopholus similis (cobb, 1893) (nematoda: pratylenchidae). | radopholus similis is one of the world's ten most economically important plant-parasitic nematodes. it is especially a problem in banana cultivation, where the nematodes' feeding reduces yields and causes toppling disease. it has been suggested that the genus radopholus thorne, 1949 might have an australian origin, but the native range of r. similis (cobb, 1893) is not well known. here we undertake a phylogeographical study of samples of r. similis from banana plantations down the eastern seaboa ... | 2010 | 20960089 |
| emerging molecular knowledge on radopholus similis, an important nematode pest of banana. | superkingdom eukaryota; kingdom metazoa; phylum nematoda; class chromadorea; order rhabditida; suborder tylenchina; infraorder tylenchomorpha; superfamily tylenchoidea; family pratylenchidae; subfamily radopholinae; genus radopholus. | 2010 | 20447280 |
| pathogenesis of radopholus similis in an incompatible interaction with musa spp. | | 2009 | 20222616 |
| four transthyretin-like genes of the migratory plant-parasitic nematode radopholus similis: members of an extensive nematode-specific family. | screening 1154 ests from the plant-parasitic nematode radopholus similis resulted in seven tags coding for proteins holding a transthyretin-like domain (pf01060). the seven ests corresponded to four different genes which were cloned from a cdna library (accession numbers am691117, am691118, am691119, am691120). transthyretin-like genes belong to a large family, different from the transthyretin and the transthyretin-related genes with whom they share some sequence similarity at the protein level. ... | 2007 | 17765408 |
| cryopreservation of radopholus similis, a tropical plant-parasitic nematode. | for obligate plant-parasitic nematodes, cryopreservation has advantages over the usual preservation methods on whole plants or axenic culture systems, because the latter two are labourious and time and space consuming. in addition, cross contamination among different isolates can occur easily. moreover, specific genetic studies require maintenance of the original population. the nematode under investigation, radopholus similis, is a plant-parasitic nematode from the humid tropics. therefore, any ... | 2007 | 17707790 |
| extraction and partial characterization of polyphenol oxidase from banana (musa acuminata grande naine) roots. | polyphenol oxidase activity (ppo, ec 1.14.18.1, monophenol monooxygenase, and ec 1.10.3.2, o-diphenoloxidase) has been extensively studied in banana fruit for its role in enzymatic browning. rapid discolouration of leaf, stem and root tissue after injury and strong pigmentation of tissue extracts indicate that ppo and phenolic compounds are ubiquitous in vegetative tissue of banana as well. they hamper biochemical and molecular studies in banana, as cumbersome adaptations of extraction protocols ... | 2016 | 16814556 |
| [evaluation of the resistance to two nematodes: radopholus similis and meloidogyne spp. in four banana genotypes in morocco]. | radopholus similis and meloidogyne spp. are the main nematode parasites of banana plants grown under plastic shelters in morocco. a test was made in pots to evaluate the resistance of four genotypes of banana to these nematodes. infection by meloidogyne spp. brought about an increase in root weight in all banana plants tested because of gall formation. the inoculation of r. similis produced a reduction in length and diameter of the pseudo-trunk as well as in root and aerial mass in all genotypes ... | 2004 | 15506523 |
| aseptic culture systems of radopholus similis for in vitro assays on musa spp. and arabidopsis thaliana. | radopholus similis is one of the most damaging nematodes in bananas. chemical control is currently the most-used method, but nematode control through genetic improvement is widely encouraged. the objective of this study was to establish an aseptic culture system for r. similis and determine whether r. similis can infect and reproduce on in vitro banana plantlets and in vitro arabidopsis thaliana. in the study's first part, a suitable aseptic culture system was developed using alfalfa callus. rad ... | 2001 | 19266012 |
| reproductive strategies and karyotype of the burrowing nematode, radopholus similis. | karyotype, gametogenesis, and gonad morphology were characterized for 56 radopholus spp. isolates collected from africa, australia, central america, cuba, dominican republic, guadeloupe, puerto rico, north america (florida), and hawaii. seven of the isolates, all collected from florida, were citrus-parasitic. the haploid karyotype for all isolates was n = 5, and gonad organization was similar for each. furthermore, reproduction did not involve parthenogenesis. initially, spermatids were produced ... | 2000 | 19270958 |
| sequence tag site and host range assays demonstrate that radapholus similis and r. citraphilus are not reproductively isolated. | males of citrus-parasitic radopholus citrophilus (fl1) were mated with non-citrus-parasitic r. similis (fl5) females. progeny inherited a 2.4-kb sequence tag site (dk#1) and the ability to reproduce in citrus from the paternal parent (fll); both traits were absent in the maternal line (fl5). the hybrid progeny produced offspring in roots of citrus seedlings over an 8-month period and therefore were considered reproductively viable. genomic dna hybridization studies indicated that one or more cop ... | 1997 | 19274178 |
| molecular and biochemical diversity among isolates of radopholus spp. from different areas of the world. | eleven isolates of radopholus similis from various banana-growing areas around the world and one isolate of r. bridgei from turmeric in indonesia were compared using dna and isoenzyme analysis. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify a fragment of ribosomal dna (rdna), comprising the two internal transcribed spacers (its) and the 5.8s gene. restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) in this rdna fragment were used to compare the 10 isolates. the analysis of this rdna regio ... | 1996 | 19277160 |
| monoxenic culture of banana-parasitic nematodes on musa acuminata cv. poyo shoots. | | 1990 | 19287766 |
| karyology and oogenesis of radopholus similis (cobb) thorne. | two morphologically indistinguishable races of radopholus similis from florida are presently identifiable only by host preference tests. one race attacks banana and other hosts, but not citrus. the other race attacks both citrus and banana, as well as other hosts. the two races normally reproduce by amphimixis. the morphology of the female reproductive systems of both races were examined and appeared to be identical. however, slight differences were observed in developmental stages of oogenesis ... | 1981 | 19300715 |
| parthenogenesis in the two races of radopholus similis from florida. | single larval inoculations of both the citrus and banana races of radopholus similis from florida indicate parthenogenetic reproduction is possible. these races normally reproduce amphimictieally. both races produced all-female populations from single larva inoculations after 80 d and male-female populations after 180 d. the all-female populations produced female progeny with viable eggs, but no spermatozoa were present in the spermatheca, indicating tychoparthenogenesis occurred. uninseminated ... | 1981 | 19300714 |
| a unique genetic code change in the mitochondrial genome of the parasitic nematode radopholus similis. | mitochondria (mt) contain their own autonomously replicating dna, constituted as a small circular genome encoding essential subunits of the respiratory chain. mt dna is characterized by a genetic code which differs from the standard one. interestingly, the mt genome of nematodes share some peculiar features, such as small transfer rnas, truncated ribosomal rnas and - in the class of chromadorean nematodes - unidirectional transcription. | 2009 | 19778425 |