| first isolation of calicivirus from reptiles and amphibians. | calicivirus isolations were made from 4 poikilothermic species in a zoologic collection. viruses were recovered from 8 asymptomatic aruba island rattlesnakes (crotalus unicolor; rectal swab samples) and from 8 symptomatic animals (4 aruba island rattlesnakes, 2 bell's horned frogs [ceratophrys orata], 1 rock rattlesnake [c lepidus], and 1 eyelash viper [bothrops schlegeli] tissue samples obtained at necropsy). on the basis of cross-neutralization test results, the 16 isolates were antigenically ... | 1986 | 3019189 |
| paramyxo-like virus infection in a rock rattlesnake. | a rock rattlesnake (crotalus lepidus) with a history of progressive central nervous disease was submitted for necropsy. the histopathologic findings included evidence of interstitial pneumonia, multifocal areas of gliosis in the brain, and ballooning degeneration and demyelination of brainstem and upper spinal cord axons. by electron microscopy, brainstem tissue was found to contain numerous virus particles in the extracellular spaces. a paramyxo-like virus, isolated in viper heart cells from lu ... | 1980 | 7451314 |
| systemic infection with a yeast-like organism in captive banded rock rattlesnakes (crotalus lepidus klauberi). | three captive banded rock rattlesnakes (crotalus lepidus klauberi) died at taronga zoo, sydney, australia, between 1984 and 1987 with similar lesions in each case. grossly, the liver and kidneys had multiple grey, fleshy nodules replacing much of the parenchyma. histologically, these lesions were massive accumulations of yeast-like organisms, located mainly within macrophages in capillaries and sinusoids. there was little other inflammatory reaction. organisms also were seen in the muscle and ad ... | 1993 | 8445777 |
| genetic characterization of a reptilian calicivirus (cro1). | vesiviruses in the family caliciviridae infect a broad range of animal hosts including mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles. the vesivirus cro1 strains were isolated from diseased snakes in the san diego zoo in 1978 and reported as the first caliciviruses found in reptiles. the goal of this study was to characterize the cro1 strain 780032i that was isolated in cell culture from a rock rattlesnake (crotalus lepidus) in the original outbreak. | 2012 | 23190937 |
| comparative enzymatic study of hplc-fractionated crotalus venoms. | 1. ten venoms of the genus crotalus (crotalus adamanteus, crotalus atrox, crotalus durissus durissus, crotalus horridus horridus, crotalus lepidus, crotalus polystictus, crotalus molossus molossus, crotalus pusillus, crotalus scutulatus scutulatus, venom b, and crotalus viridis lutosus) were fractionated using hplc anion and cation exchange chromatography. 2. hplc venom fractions were tested for hemorrhagic, hemolytic, and proteolytic activities. 3. crude virginia opossum (didelphis virginiana) ... | 1989 | 2680253 |
| venom phenotypes of the rock rattlesnake (crotalus lepidus) and the ridge-nosed rattlesnake (crotalus willardi) from méxico and the united states. | although the mexican highlands has the highest diversity of small-bodied rattlesnakes in the world, studies on the species found throughout this region have been relatively scarce. this has led to challenges with examining venom phenotypic characteristics, as well as species misidentifications and misclassifications. in the current study we investigated venom variation among four subspecies of crotalus lepidus (c. l. klaluberi, c. l. lepidus, c. l. maculosus, c. l. morulus) and four subspecies o ... | 2017 | 28827138 |
| general characterization of the venoms from two species of rattlesnakes and an intergrade population (c. lepidus x aquilus) from aguascalientes and zacatecas, mexico. | the venoms from two species of rock rattlesnakes and an intergrade population were studied. differences were noted in sds-page and rp-hplc profiles and only the venom from the intergrade population showed low procoagulant activity. also, a crotoxin-like neurotoxic pla2was identified in the venom of c. l. klauberi, the most toxic of the analyzed venoms. this is the first report of such a toxin in c. l. klauberi from aguascalientes, mexico. | 2017 | 28890171 |
| morulustatin, a disintegrin that inhibits adp-induced platelet aggregation, isolated from the mexican tamaulipan rock rattlesnake(crotalus lepidus morulus). | the tamaulipan rock rattlesnake (crotalus lepidus morulus) is a montane snake that occurs in the humid pine-oak forest and the upper cloud forest of the sierra madre oriental in southwestern tamaulipas, central nuevo leon, and southeastern coahuila in mexico. venom from this rattlesnake was fractionated by high-performance liquid chromatography for the purpose of discovering disintegrin molecules. disintegrins are non-enzymatic, small molecular weight peptides that interfere with cell-cell and c ... | 2017 | 28713196 |
| comparison of venom composition and biological activities of the subspecies crotalus lepidus lepidus, crotalus lepidus klauberi and crotalus lepidus morulus from mexico. | the rock rattlesnakes crotalus lepidus comprise a group (lepidus, klauberi, morulus and maculosus) of poorly known mountain cold-tolerant snakes in mexico. in particular, crotalus lepidus morulus is a snake endemic of the northeast of mexico, whereas crotalus lepidus klauberi and c. l. lepidus are distributed in some regions of the north and central mexico and southern u. s. until now very little data are available from c. lepidus subspecies from mexico, as the terrain inhabited by these snakes ... | 2013 | 23732126 |
| predation and the maintenance of color polymorphism in a habitat specialist squamate. | multiple studies have addressed the mechanisms maintaining polymorphism within a population. however, several examples exist where species inhabiting diverse habitats exhibit local population-specific polymorphism. numerous explanations have been proposed for the maintenance of geographic variation in color patterns. for example, spatial variation in patterns of selection or limited gene flow can cause entire populations to become fixed for a single morph, resulting in separate populations of th ... | 2012 | 22295080 |
| first report of a bite by the mottled rock rattlesnake (crotalus lepidus lepidus). | bites by the mottled rock rattlesnake (crotalus lepidus lepidus) are rare. there appear to be no reports of bites by this subspecies in the literature. this is a case report of a bite by a captive specimen of this diminutive pit viper, and includes a review of what is known regarding its venom. | 2005 | 16051298 |
| abbreviata terrapenis (nematoda: physalopteridae): an accidental parasite of the banded rock rattlesnake (crotalus lepidus klauberi). | the nematode, abbreviata terrapenis (physalopteridae) was found in 16 (6%) of 267 banded rock rattlesnakes (crotalus lepidus klauberi) from arizona and new mexico. abbreviata terrapenis in c. lepidus represents an accidental parasite in that "infection" was acquired by the ingestion of lizard prey. feeding captive snakes on wild-caught lizards poses a risk of introducing nematodes to the snakes. | 2002 | 12038148 |